CN113133539B - Double-weighing moisture regaining method for cigar core tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Double-weighing moisture regaining method for cigar core tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN113133539B CN113133539B CN202110552970.2A CN202110552970A CN113133539B CN 113133539 B CN113133539 B CN 113133539B CN 202110552970 A CN202110552970 A CN 202110552970A CN 113133539 B CN113133539 B CN 113133539B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-weighing moisture regaining method for cigar core tobacco leaves, which is suitable for the moisture regaining of cigar tobacco leaves, in particular to the moisture regaining of cigar core tobacco leaves. The method comprises the steps of weighing the quantity of the tobacco leaves to be dampened, detecting the original water content, calculating the water adding amount required by dampening, weighing the water required by dampening and humidifying, humidifying the tobacco leaves, stacking the tobacco leaves and balancing the moisture of the tobacco stacks after humidifying; the tobacco leaf dampening is carried out by the method of the invention, the dampening moisture of the tobacco leaves of the cigar core can be accurately controlled, the uniformity of tobacco leaf dampening is improved, the phenomena of tobacco leaf mildew, variegated colors and the like in fermentation caused by uneven dampening are avoided, and the fermentation quality of the tobacco leaves is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cigar tobacco fermentation, and particularly relates to a double-weighing moisture regaining method for cigar core tobacco of cigar.
Background
Fermentation is a crucial and indispensable key link in the production process of cigar tobacco leaves, and the quality of the fermentation effect is directly related to the quality, the use value and the economic benefit of the fermented tobacco leaves. The cigar belongs to the air-cured tobacco, and the whole modulation process is completed in an air-curing house. After the air-curing of the domestic cigar tobacco leaves is finished, the tobacco leaves are put on shelves by tobacco growers and are classified in agriculture, and then the tobacco leaves are sold to tobacco companies; the latter carries out agricultural fermentation (primary fermentation), and after the fermentation is finished, the industrial and commercial transaction grading is carried out and allocated to industrial enterprises; the industrial enterprises perform the secondary fermentation (industrial fermentation) again according to the style of the cigar products. Foreign countries, the production organization mode of cigar tobacco leaves is that farmers plant, air-cure and sell the cigar tobacco leaves to industrial enterprises for secondary fermentation after agricultural fermentation is finished. The fermentation is agricultural fermentation of tobacco company organization. Cigar cores have thicker leaves and rich inclusions, the weight ratio in one cigar product being 75%. The fermented cigar core has strong fragrance and strong smoke flavor, and is the main source of the fragrance of cigars.
The agricultural fermentation of cigar tobacco leaves refers to the whole process that the modulated tobacco leaves are stacked according to a specific mode under certain water content and environmental conditions, various physiological metabolism and biochemical reactions of the tobacco leaves are continued, deepened and strengthened under the combined action of microorganisms, enzymes, oxygen and the like by means of heat generated by the tobacco leaves, miscellaneous gases are removed, the irritation is greatly reduced, the internal quality and the processing performance of the tobacco leaves are obviously improved, and the industrial requirements are finally met.
The moisture content standard of tobacco leaves purchased by tobacco companies is 16-17%. The water content of the tobacco leaves before the fermentation of the common eggplant core is 30-40%, and strong fermentation is required (relative to eggplant coats and eggplant sheaths). Therefore, the tobacco leaves must be properly moisture regained before fermentation. The moisture content and uniformity of the moisture regain are directly related to the fermentation process and the fermentation quality. The moisture regain is insufficient, the water content of the tobacco leaves is low, the temperature rise during fermentation is slow, the temperature in the stack is low, the fermentation progress is slow, the time is long, the miscellaneous gas is heavy, the physiological and biochemical reactions are insufficient, the conversion is incomplete, and the fermentation purpose cannot be achieved; after the moisture regaining is over-finished, the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is too high, the temperature is too fast, the fermentation temperature is too high, the fermentation is too strong, the loss of aroma substances is large, and the tobacco leaves are blackened and even mildewed; if the moisture regain is not uniform, the tobacco leaves have a mixed color and are not uniformly fermented. Therefore, the strict control of the moisture content of the remoistened tobacco leaves is the technical key of fermentation.
The method for remoistening the cigar tobacco leaves at home and abroad is more, and natural remoistening (absorbing air moisture in the open air or in an airing room), shower remoistening (directly spraying water), an ultrasonic spray remoistening method, steam spray remoistening and the like are adopted. The main defects are that the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regaining is a proper range, the moisture content cannot be accurately controlled in advance, the moisture content can be estimated only by experience during operation, after the moisture regaining is finished, if the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is detected to be high, proper moisture removal is needed, and if the moisture content is too low, the tobacco leaves need to be regained again. The method has corresponding different requirements on sites, facilities and equipment and other conditions, and has the disadvantages of labor and time waste, troublesome operation, large repeated tobacco leaf folding loss and high production cost. For example, "moisture regain of air-cured tobacco leaves to a moisture content of 25% -40%" in "modulation method of cigar wrapper tobacco leaves (CNIO194036 OA"); the best treatment in the text of the preliminary examination of humidifying mode before cigar tobacco fermentation is manual humidification, and the method is that a worker sprays water once every layer of tobacco leaves are stacked in the process of stacking the tobacco leaves until the stacking is finished, and the moisture regain uniformity is below 41 percent; the cigar tobacco oak barrel fermentation technology introduces that tobacco leaves are evenly spread on a chopping board and then manually fed, wherein the water adding amount is 25-30%; a four-stage fermentation method (CN110693075) for cigar core tobacco leaves comprises the steps of conditioning the cigar tobacco leaves treated by microbial inoculum for 100-120min at 35-45 ℃ and with relative humidity of 90-100%, standing the tobacco leaves for 30-60min at room temperature after the conditioning is finished, and reducing the moisture of the tobacco leaves until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is about 20-30%; the moisture content of the tobacco leaves in the cigar core tobacco leaf classified fermentation method (CN110679994A) has the range of 5 percentage points; a method for rapidly fermenting cigar tobacco (CN109793258) comprises loosening and remoistening cigar tobacco raw material, and increasing water content to 26-32%.
The existing cigar tobacco leaf moisture regaining methods cannot accurately control the moisture content of tobacco leaves after moisture regaining, if the moisture content accuracy of the tobacco leaves after moisture regaining is improved, moisture regaining operation needs to be carried out repeatedly for many times, and moisture regaining at each time has different requirements on environmental conditions, so that time and labor are wasted, the efficiency is low, the tobacco leaves are greatly damaged by repeated folding, and the production cost is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a double-weighing moisture regaining method for cigar core tobacco leaves, which is simple and convenient to operate, reasonable in design, low in cost and capable of effectively controlling the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regaining.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a double-weighing moisture regaining method for cigar core tobacco leaves comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the tobacco leaves to be dampened (enough tobacco leaves are weighed at one time according to the size of a stack preset by fermentation), and recording the total weight and grade information of the tobacco leaves;
s2, detecting and recording the moisture content of the tobacco leaves in the step S1;
s3, presetting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain;
s4, calculating weight information of water required by the tobacco leaf to be remoistened according to the weight information of the tobacco leaf in the step S1, the water content information of the tobacco leaf before remoistening in the step S2 and the preset water content information of the tobacco leaf after remoistening in the step S3;
s5, weighing water (weighing the drinking water with the water temperature of about 40 ℃ in several times) according to the weight information of the water to be added calculated in the step S4, and filling the weighed water into a humidifier; the humidifier can adopt a watering pot or a sprinkling pot;
s6, humidifying the tobacco leaves in the step S1 through the humidifier, and stacking the humidified tobacco leaves;
and S7, performing moisture balance treatment on the tobacco leaves in the step S6 by adopting a periodical stack turning method.
Specifically, in step S2, the method for detecting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves includes: at least 20 tobacco leaves are randomly extracted from the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1, 1-2 tobacco leaves are randomly selected from each tobacco leaf, 2-3 g of mesophyll on two sides of the main vein in the middle of each leaf is taken for detecting the water content, and the weighted average value of the water contents of all the extracted tobacco leaves is taken as the water content of the tobacco leaves before fermentation.
Specifically, the invention can adopt a constant temperature drying oven to carry out a drying method or adopt an infrared moisture detector to detect the moisture content of the tobacco leaves.
Specifically, in step S3, the method for presetting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain comprises: randomly drawing the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1 for sensory quality evaluation, and presetting the moisture content of the remoistened tobacco leaves according to the indexes of the tobacco leaves in the evaluation result; the indicators include at least miscellaneous gases, irritability, aroma and taste.
Specifically, in step S4, the calculation formula of the weight of water added for tobacco leaf conditioning is as follows:
wherein m is2Adding water by weight; m is1The weight of the tobacco leaves before moisture regain; omega1The moisture content of the tobacco leaves before moisture regain; omega2The moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain is preset.
Further, in the step S4, when the weight of the water to be added for tobacco leaf moisture regain is calculated, the water loss is increased by 1-2 percentage points according to environmental factors; the environmental factors include the current season, weather, room temperature, and field size.
Specifically, in step S6, the method for humidifying and stacking the tobacco leaves includes: spreading the single tobacco leaf bundle weighed in the step S1 on a film, enabling the tobacco leaf bundle to be close to the film, and humidifying the spread first layer of tobacco leaf by using the humidifier in the step S5; and (4) sequentially spreading a plurality of layers of tobacco leaves above the first layer of tobacco leaves, and performing humidification operation once for each layer of tobacco leaves until all the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1 are stacked into a tobacco stack, and using up all the moisture weighed in the step S5.
Specifically, in step S7, the tobacco stacks humidified in step S6 are wrapped tightly by a film and placed for 24-30 hours, and the stacks are turned once every 4-8 hours; the stack turning method comprises the following steps: turning the upper layer of the original tobacco stack to the lower layer, turning the lower layer to the upper layer, turning the middle to the periphery and turning the periphery to the middle; detecting the water content of the tobacco leaves once every time the tobacco leaves are turned over and chopped, wherein the detection method is the same as the step S2; when the error between the weighted average value of the detected moisture content of the tobacco leaves and the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain preset in the step S3 is within the range of +/-1%, and the error between the maximum value and the minimum value of the detected moisture content of the tobacco leaves is within the range of +/-2%, ending the moisture balance processing; and (5) conveying the remoistened tobacco leaves into a fermentation room for fermentation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) according to the invention, the required water addition amount is calculated according to the total weight and the water content of the tobacco leaves to be dampened and the preset water content of the tobacco leaves after dampening, so that the water content of the tobacco leaves is precisely controlled, and the fermentation effect and the fermentation quality are improved; (2) according to the invention, the water content of the tobacco stacks after being added with water is periodically turned over and detected, so that the water content of the tobacco stacks is more uniform, the phenomena of tobacco leaf mildew, variegated colors and the like in fermentation caused by nonuniform moisture regain are avoided, and the fermentation quality of the tobacco leaves is greatly improved; (3) the tobacco leaf moisture-regaining machine has no special requirements on the conditions of places, facilities and the like, is scientific and reasonable in design, does not need to carry out moisture-regaining treatment on tobacco leaves repeatedly, is high in moisture-regaining efficiency, is simple and convenient to operate, reduces labor intensity, and is economical and practical.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the double-weighing moisture regaining method for the tobacco leaves of the cigar core.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a dual-weighing moisture regaining method for tobacco leaves of cigar cores, comprising the following steps:
step S1, weighing 200kg of middle leaf tobacco leaves of the eggplant core variety CX-014 to be dampened, and performing wooden box fermentation (box fermentation) after dampening;
step S2, detecting the moisture of the tobacco leaves before fermentation, randomly extracting 20 tobacco leaves from the weighed tobacco leaves in the step S1, randomly selecting 2 tobacco leaves with strong representativeness from each tobacco leaf, selecting 2g of mesophyll on two sides of the main vein in the middle of the leaf, and detecting the moisture by using an infrared moisture detector; detecting the water content of the tobacco leaves, wherein the weight average value of the water content of the tobacco leaves is 20.5 percent of the middle leaves and 22.6 percent of the upper leaves, and recording the water content of the tobacco leaves before fermentation;
step S3, moisture regain is preset, the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1 are sampled and evaluated for sensory quality, and according to indexes such as miscellaneous gas, irritation, aroma and taste of the tobacco leaves in evaluation results, the moisture content of the moisture regain tobacco leaves is respectively preset to be 30% of the middle leaves and 34% of the upper leaves;
step S4, calculating the water adding amount required by the dampening according to the weight of the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1, the water content of the tobacco leaves detected in the step S2 and the water content of the dampening tobacco leaves preset in the step S3, and considering that the dampening season is 11 months in winter, sunny days, the room temperature is 15 ℃ and the field is 60m2The tobacco leaf warehouse has small water evaporation amount, so that the water loss is increased by 1 percentage point;
the formula for calculating the weight of the added water required by dampening is as follows:
wherein m is2Adding water by weight; m is1The weight of the tobacco leaves before moisture regain is 200 kg; omega1The water content of the tobacco leaves before moisture regain is 20.5 percent; omega2The water content of the tobacco leaves after the pre-set moisture regain is 30% + 1%; the weight m of the added water required for moisture regain can be obtained through calculation230.43 kg.
And step S5, weighing water, and according to the weight of water to be added calculated in step S4, the middle leaves and the upper leaves, respectively weighing the drinking water with the water temperature of about 40 ℃ three times in sequence and placing the drinking water in an electric sprayer.
And S6, spreading the middle leaf tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1 on a film in a square mode, enabling tobacco bundles to be close to each other without gaps, spraying the moisture weighed in the step S5 on the tobacco bundles by using a sprayer, spreading a second layer of tobacco bundles on the tobacco bundles, continuously spraying, and sequentially circulating until all the middle leaf tobacco bundles are sprayed in the step S1 to form a tobacco stack and all 30.43kg of water in the step S5 is completely sprayed. The upper leaf was sprayed in this way.
And step S7, respectively wrapping the tobacco stacks of the middle and upper leaves sprayed in the step S6 with films, placing for 24h, turning over the tobacco stacks every 4h in the period, wherein the method for turning over the tobacco stacks comprises the steps of turning over the upper layer of the original tobacco stack to the lower layer, turning over the lower layer to the upper layer, turning over the periphery in the middle, and detecting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves every time the stacks are turned over. The moisture detection method after moisture balance comprises the steps of randomly extracting 20 tobacco leaves, randomly selecting 2 tobacco leaves with strong representativeness from each tobacco leaf, taking 2g of mesophyll on the two sides of the leaf apex, the middle part and the leaf base main vein, and detecting moisture by using an infrared moisture detector. And when the error between the weighted average value and the moisture preset in the step S3 is less than 1 percentage point and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the sample moisture is within 2 percentage points, ending the moisture balance and conveying the tobacco leaves into a fermentation room for fermentation.
Control test:
the control test selected in this embodiment is two types of industrial ultrasonic atomization and electric steam generator steam conditioning, and the specific conditioning method is as follows:
step A: 200kg of each of the CX-014 middle leaves and the upper leaves are weighed, and the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is detected by the same method as the step S2 of the embodiment 1, wherein the preset moisture content is set to be 30%. Then, the tobacco leaves are hung and aired in a single layer respectively; two independent 40m2The indoor iron wire is planned to be subjected to industrial ultrasonic atomization and moisture regaining and steam moisture regaining of an electric heating steam generator. The two moisture regain rooms are equal in area, the length is 8m, the width is 5m, the height is 2.2m, the length of an iron wire is 5m, the distance from the ground is 1.0m, the distance is 15cm, and the tobacco bundles are tightly tied on the iron wire;
and B: industrial ultrasonic atomization and moisture regaining are carried out, wherein the power is 1200w, and the humidification amount is 12 kg/h; 9kw of electric steam generator, evaporation capacity 12.9 kg/h. The industrial ultrasonic atomization and moisture regaining and electric heating steam generator is arranged outdoors, atomized steam and steam are input into an indoor pipeline through a PVC pipeline, the indoor pipeline is externally connected with a main pipeline with the diameter phi of 90mm and internally connected with 4 branch pipelines with the diameter phi of 30mm, horizontal pipelines of the branch pipelines are 20cm at the top of a room, holes with the diameter phi of 8mm are formed in two sides of each branch pipeline, the holes are in an inclined downward direction with the included angle of 60 degrees, and the distance between the holes is 30 cm;
and C: after the tobacco leaves are hung and aired, closing doors and windows, respectively starting the industrial ultrasonic atomization dampening and the electric heating steam generator, pausing for 1h after dampening operation is carried out for 30min, and detecting the water content of the tobacco leaves after circulating for four times in sequence. In the same manner as step S2 of this embodiment 1, when the weighted average value of the moisture contents of the tobacco leaves approaches the preset value, the humidification is stopped, and then the moisture balance is performed. The moisture balance method comprises the steps of continuously hanging and airing in a conditioning room for 8 hours, detecting moisture and uniformity, continuously ventilating and hanging and airing, losing more moisture and being lower than the preset value by more than 2 percentage points, and humidifying again; when the difference in moisture among the samples was greater than 2 percentage points or more, the moisture was continuously equilibrated by stacking in step S7 of example 1.
The experimental results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 comparison table of water content and uniformity of different dampening methods
Double weighing moisture regain method: after the tobacco bundles are stacked and subjected to moisture balance for 24 hours, the tobacco bundles are wholly wet and have uniform hand feeling and moisture regain, the average moisture content of the tobacco leaves is close to the preset 30%, and the difference is only 0.18%. The moisture regain of the leaf tip, the leaf margin, the leaf and the leaf base is uniform, the difference is 0.46 percent, and the sample range of each sampling point is less than 2 percent. The tobacco leaves are intact in the whole moisture regain and moisture balance, and no water stain phenomenon exists.
Ultrasonic atomization dampening method: sampling and detecting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves, stopping humidifying when the moisture content is close to the preset moisture content, moistening the hand feeling of the tobacco leaves, and slightly drying the middle of tobacco stalks and the base parts of the tobacco stalks; the surface of the leaf blade outside the tobacco bundle is rich in a large amount of water drops. After hanging and airing for 6 hours, the detected water content is 4 percent higher than the preset value, after continuous ventilation and hanging and airing for 2 hours, the water content is still higher than the preset value, but the tobacco stalks and the blades are extremely uneven, the central dry leaves of the tobacco stalks are more, and the water stain spots on the leaf tips and the leaf edges respectively reach 16.42 percent and 8.37 percent, so that the water content is continuously piled and balanced for 20 hours to 28 hours again. After 28 hours, the average water content is 32.13 percent, which is still 2.13 percent higher than the preset value, the uniformity is greatly improved compared with that of the finished hanging and airing and the stacking time is 20 hours, but the sampling point is extremely poor and still is 3.11 percent, and the water stain spots of the blade tip and the blade edge respectively reach 25.85 percent and 14.25 percent. Therefore, the leaves need to be hung and dried properly again, and can be fermented after the water on the leaf tips and the leaf margins is dissipated, so as to avoid fermentation and mildew.
Steam generator steam conditioning method: the method is the same as ultrasonic atomization and moisture regaining, the steam generator has smaller steam point than ultrasonic, has certain temperature, has the moisture regaining effect superior to that of the ultrasonic atomization and moisture regaining method, and also has the phenomena of lower moisture regaining uniformity and water stain spots generated on the blade tips and the blade edges. After 28h, the average water content is 28.69 percent and is 1.31 percent lower than the preset value, the uniformity is improved compared with that of the water stain spots of the leaf tip and the leaf tip is 2.77 percent. Therefore, the leaves need to be hung and dried for a short time again, and can be fermented after a small amount of water is lost at the leaf tips and the leaf margins, so as to avoid fermentation, mildew and rot.
After the results of the three moisture regain methods are combined and compared, the comprehensive thinking is that:
double weighing and moisture regaining method: no special facilities and places are needed, and the moisture regaining method is simple and easy to operate. The moisture content of the remoistened tobacco leaves can accurately reach a preset value, and the uniformity effect is best after 24 hours of stacking and moisture balancing.
An ultrasonic atomization moisture regaining method and a steam generator steam moisture regaining method: the industrial ultrasonic humidifier and the electric heating steam generator with higher power are needed, the power is low, the atomization and steam quantity is insufficient, and the moisture regain time is prolonged; the tobacco leaves are hung in a room with a certain area, and when large-area tobacco leaves are produced and moisturized, the area of a moisture regain room cannot be guaranteed; the required humidification amount during the moisture regaining process cannot be accurately controlled, the humidification time can be controlled only by experience, the moisture content is continuously sampled and detected, the moisture regaining degree is determined, certain unavoidable difference exists between the moisture content of the moisture regaining and a preset value, and more moisture needs to be diffused by repeated humidification and hanging airing; during the moisture regain, the atomized steam and the steam are always firstly attached to the blades outside the tobacco bundle, the blade tips and the blade edges are often excessively humidified under the action of gravity, the risk of rotting of tobacco leaves during fermentation is increased, the blades and the blade bases in the tobacco bundle are insufficiently humidified, and the integral moisture regain uniformity is poor.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the double-weighing moisture-regaining method of the embodiment 1 is adopted in the process of fermenting the tobacco of the cigar core variety CX-014, and the moisture is regained in the idle position of the tobacco warehouse with the area of about 80m2。
The industrial humidifier atomization dampening method with 12kg/h as a control group is characterized in that a dampening shed with the height of 2m, the length of 15m and the width of 5m is built by bamboo poles in an idle warehouse, and the periphery and the top are sealed by a thin film surrounding cover and sealing glue with the width of 8 m; the tobacco leaves are 1m away from the humidifying pipeline at the top and 0.8m away from the film wall at the periphery.
The experimental design, amounts, etc. are detailed in Table 2, and the remaining steps and operating methods are the same as in example 1.
TABLE 2 cigar core tobacco leaf conditioning test design
The moisture regain results are shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 comparison of the results of the cigar core tobacco moisture regain test
From table 3 above, it can be seen that:
large area production conditioning tests of cigar core conditioning further confirm the results of example 1. The moisture regaining tobacco leaves are 700-1600kg, and the moisture regaining effects are shown as follows: the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain is lower than the preset value and the difference between each part of the tobacco leaves is lower than 1 percent, the moisture regain is controlled accurately and uniformly, the phenomenon of water stain spots does not exist, and the effect is very ideal.
Compared with tobacco leaves subjected to atomization and moisture regain treatment by an industrial humidifier, the final moisture content of moisture balance is still higher than the preset value by 2.34 percent, the difference of each part of the tobacco leaves is also more than 3.2 percent, the water content of the leaf tips and the leaf edges which are fatal defects is heavy, after hanging, airing and stacking, water stain spots are serious, and along with the smooth extension of moisture balance time, part of tobacco leaves with serious water stain spots begin to turn black and a very small number of tobacco leaves begin to rot.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A double-weighing moisture regaining method for cigar core tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing the tobacco leaves to be dampened, and recording the total weight and the grade information of the tobacco leaves;
s2, detecting and recording the moisture content of the tobacco leaves in the step S1;
s3, presetting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain;
s4, calculating weight information of water required by the tobacco leaf to be remoistened according to the weight information of the tobacco leaf in the step S1, the water content information of the tobacco leaf before remoistening in the step S2 and the preset water content information of the tobacco leaf after remoistening in the step S3;
s5, weighing moisture according to the weight information of the water to be added calculated in the step S4, and filling the weighed moisture into a humidifier;
s6, humidifying the tobacco leaves in the step S1 through the humidifier, and stacking the humidified tobacco leaves;
s7, performing moisture balance treatment on the tobacco leaves in the step S6 by adopting a periodic stack turning method;
in step S3, the method for presetting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain comprises the following steps: randomly drawing the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1 for sensory quality evaluation, and presetting the moisture content of the remoistened tobacco leaves according to the indexes of the tobacco leaves in the evaluation result; the indexes at least comprise miscellaneous gas, irritation, aroma and taste;
in step S4, the formula for calculating the weight of water to be added for tobacco leaf conditioning is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
adding water by weight;
the weight of the tobacco leaves before moisture regain;
the moisture content of the tobacco leaves before moisture regain;
presetting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain;
in the step S7, the tobacco stacks humidified in the step S6 are tightly wrapped by films and placed for 24-30 h, and the stacks are turned every 4-8 h; the stack turning method comprises the following steps: turning the upper layer of the original tobacco stack to the lower layer, turning the lower layer to the upper layer, turning the middle to the periphery and turning the periphery to the middle; the water content of the tobacco leaves is detected every time the tobacco leaves are turned over and chopped, and the detection method is the same as the step S2; and when the error between the weighted average value of the detected tobacco leaf water content and the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after moisture regain preset in the step S3 is within the range of +/-1%, and the error between the maximum value and the minimum value of the detected tobacco leaf water content is within the range of +/-2%, ending the water balance processing.
2. The dual-weighing moisture-regaining method of cigar filler tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the method for detecting the moisture content of tobacco leaves comprises: at least 20 tobacco leaves are randomly extracted from the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1, 1-2 tobacco leaves are randomly selected from each tobacco leaf, 2-3 g of mesophyll on two sides of the main vein in the middle of each leaf is taken for detecting the water content, and the weighted average value of the water contents of all the extracted tobacco leaves is taken as the water content of the tobacco leaves before fermentation.
3. The double-weighing moisture regain method for the cigar core tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, when the weight of added water required for tobacco leaf moisture regain is calculated, the moisture loss is increased by 1-2 percentage points according to environmental factors; the environmental factors include the current season, weather, room temperature, and field size.
4. The dual-weighing moisture regaining method of cigar filler tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the humidifying and stacking method of the tobacco leaves in step S6 is: spreading the single bundles of the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1 on a film, enabling the tobacco bundles to be close to each other, and humidifying the spread first layer of tobacco leaves by using the humidifier in the step S5; and (4) sequentially spreading a plurality of layers of tobacco leaves above the first layer of tobacco leaves, and performing humidification operation once for each layer of tobacco leaves until all the tobacco leaves weighed in the step S1 are stacked into a tobacco stack, and using up all the moisture weighed in the step S5.
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| CN113966855B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-10-25 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Co-heating type tobacco sample preparation device with fixed moisture content and preparation method |
| CN114166632A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 四川省烟草公司达州市公司 | Method for evaluating physical characteristics of cigar coat and cigar core of cigar tobacco |
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