CN102150932B - Energy-saving fruit drying room and drying method thereof - Google Patents

Energy-saving fruit drying room and drying method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102150932B
CN102150932B CN2011100287991A CN201110028799A CN102150932B CN 102150932 B CN102150932 B CN 102150932B CN 2011100287991 A CN2011100287991 A CN 2011100287991A CN 201110028799 A CN201110028799 A CN 201110028799A CN 102150932 B CN102150932 B CN 102150932B
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fruit
drying
drying room
room
pit
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CN2011100287991A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102150932A (en
Inventor
热扎克·艾力
阿衣奴尔·阿布都热合曼
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和田玉田农业开发有限责任公司
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat drying, and particularly relates to an energy-saving fruit drying room and a drying method thereof. Farmers adopt a natural airing method to dry fruits, but fruits have oil heads, dry strips, mildew and other phenomena, the fruits are attached by soils, are cracked and rotted worse if the fruits encounter severe weather, such as cloud and dust or cloud and raining, in harvest period. According to the invention, the fruits are dried with electricity or steam, thus the cost is high, the treatment capacity is small, and the efficiency is low. The energy-saving fruit drying room comprises a drying room, a heat supply device and a support, wherein the heat supply device and the support are arranged in the drying room. In the energy-saving fruit drying room, a heating fiery pit is arranged in the drying room, no energy is wasted, and the drying room is safe to use and cannot smoke drying objects; a fan is arranged above the fiery pit, and used for blowing hot air to the whole drying room, so that the dried objects are heated uniformly; a wood-grass-soil material in a damp absorption structure is arranged on a roof to naturally adjust the humidity, so that the quality is ensured, the drying efficiency is high, and the phenomena of oil head, dry strips or mildew in the natural airing process are avoided, the color of the fruits is good, and the processing is not restricted by weather.

Description

Energy-saving type fruit baking room and furnace drying method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of heat drying technical field, especially a kind of energy-saving type fruit baking room and furnace drying method.

Background technology

Fruit has very high nutritive value and health care.Along with the improvement of people's growth in the living standard and diet structure, increasing to the demand of dry fruit food.Food take dry fruit as raw material is also more and more.The fruit industries such as red date, walnut, apricot and grape have become the pillar industry of edge poverty-stricken area economic development.After hotan fruit oven dry deep processing, both kept to greatest extent form and the nutritive value of dry fruit, dry fruit is easily digested, delicious flavour is convenient for carrying, and is a kind of food that is loved by the people.The quality of dried fruit product depends on drying technology to a great extent.Both relate to the removal of moisture due to the oven dry of fruit, also related to nutrition and quality.At present, the peasants of hotan adopt the oven dry of fruit the method for natural drying, so not only moisture is large, the phenomenon such as fruit oil head, dried bar also can occur, go rotten, particularly fruit normal chance picking time badly connects cloudy dust and sand weather or cloudy weather for several days running weather, therefore clay, dehiscent fruit, decayed fruit are increased the weight of, greatly reduced quality and the benefit of dry fruit, seriously affected the enthusiasm of orchard worker's plantation, management fruit tree.Electricity consumption or process with steam drying, not only cost is high, treating capacity is little, efficient is low, and Disposal quality is also unsatisfactory, so be difficult to apply in national poverty-stricken area.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, and cost is low, uses safely, energy-conservation, and drying efficiency is high, the energy-saving type fruit baking room of quality assurance and furnace drying method.

A kind of energy-saving type fruit baking room of the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: comprise drying room, heating plant and carriage, be equiped with heating plant and carriage in drying room.said drying room roofing is provided with moisture exhausting port, moisture exhausting port is equipped with the unidirectional ventilating fan with shutter, wall bottom, the left and right sides is provided with the air inlet of band door, the material inlet/outlet is located in the middle part of front wall, the drying room surrounding is with brick one-tenth wall, be bonded with the polyphenyl plate heat preserving layer outward for improving drying room insulating power wall, for improving water imbibition and can guaranteeing that the heat insulating ability Roof Design is wooden sward structure, wherein roofing is done on wooden Eurya plant bar jack timber, above jack timber, the bedding reed mat together, paving one deck wheat straw above reed mat, use the original soil compacting above wheat straw, minute secondary compacting of plastering above original soil, smear cob one deck topmost, said heating plant is by the fiery pit, radiating tube, chimney and fan form, the fiery pit is located in front wall the right melt pit in drying room, above the fiery pit, iron plate is stamped in sealing, the compacting of plastering above iron plate, fiery pit fire cigarette outlet is connected with the radiating tube front end, radiating tube is laid in raceway groove, for fiery cigarette is drawn the channel design sloping naturally, radiating tube front end low-end is high for this reason, the radiating tube end is connected with chimney, chimney is located on the outer front wall leftwall of drying room, the fiery cigarette that in the fiery pit, burning forms is drawn by chimney, the top front wall in fiery pit is provided with fan, the heat diffusion that fan distributes the fiery pit above, the fuel in fiery pit is sent into mouth and ash hole is located in melt pit, fiery pit burning required air is provided by air blast, air blast is placed in melt pit, said carriage is placed in raceway groove top, left and right, and which floor double-edged fine-toothed comb drawer is arranged on carriage, can place the fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb.

Drying room is traditionally arranged to be symmetry two covers of same structure, after two cover drying rooms, wall is also together as middle walls, do not offer the material inlet/outlet for more being incubated the second cover drying room front wall, the material inlet/outlet is not directly externally, and be opened on middle walls, the material turnover will be passed through the first set drying room, and drying efficiency is higher like this, more can fuel saving.

The using method of above-mentioned baking room when being used for oven dry fruit, its feature is successively:

1, the preparatory stage:

1) classification cleaning

Carry out classification according to size, the maturity of fruit, will dispose wherein decayed fruit, wound fruit, branch, fallen leaves impurity simultaneously;

2) clean

Cleaning through the fruit after classification, the fruit surface after washing is totally bright and clean, not with earth, then ventilates or the blowing drying, to improve the fruit quality of oven dry;

The fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb of 3) fruit after cleaning-drying being packed into and drying use, thickness is advisable with single fruit, is no more than at most the thickness of two fruit, then puts on the carriage of baking room.

2, be heated the stage: when fruit fill 8 enter baking room after, all to close door, skylight and hole in the ground tight, reduce energy loss, improve capacity usage ratio.Then heat temperature raising, start fan by heat diffusion, and fuel gets final product with general bituminous coal, and to prevent saccharification, carbonization and dehiscent fruit phenomenon, temperature is controlled at 45-60 ℃ for best.To often shake the fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb in the process that heats up, be beneficial to fruit and be heated evenly, observe thermometer and humidometer per half an hour.

3, hydrofuge evaporation stage: the people feels that in baking room body skin is moist, in the expression baking room, humid air is arranged, perhaps humidometer shows that air humidity begins ventilation dewetting when reaching 70-80%, at first to open moisture exhausting port fan on the roof, open again the air inlet of wall bottom, each ventilation time 15-30 minute, when air humidity drops to 55%, temperature is closed air inlet after dropping to 45 ℃, then closed the moisture exhausting port fan.

4, complete the stage:

Apricot is generally complete oven dry in 45-50 hour, and grape is complete oven dry in 30-35 hour, and red date is complete oven dry in 25-30 hour, will notice in drying course that the fruit in the double-edged fine-toothed comb of upper strata first dries, and then descends one deck, the like.When reaching 15%-30%, the water content of fruit just can take out dry fruit, and the new fruit that changes the outfit, the fill a vacancy empty double-edged fine-toothed comb of baking room, the like, the fruit that goes out baking room can not be stacked, and scatter and pave, and being beneficial to ventilates dries, inside and outside hardness is consistent to pulp, and just can case till slightly flexible comes into the market to get final product.

Oven dry fruit is compared with the fruit of natural drying, can reduce the decayed fruit rate, and of good quality, and commodity rate is high, and listing early.

beneficial effect of the present invention is: energy-saving fruit baking room of the present invention and furnace drying method, it is fuel with firewood or bituminous coal, the fuel incoming road is wide, the heating fiery pit is located in drying room, has no wasted heat, and fuel is sent into mouth and is located at outside drying room, use very safe, flue gas is discharged from chimney by after water back, can not smoke black oven dry thing, the top in fiery pit is provided with fan, hot blast is blown to whole drying room, make oven dry thing homogeneous heating, and the roof is provided with the wooden sward material of absorbent structure, by long-term sultry oven dry, naturally regulate humidity, quality assurance, the efficient of oven dry is high, whole baking room long service life, do not need often to compile, use cost is low, dry fruit with the present invention, can improve fruit quality, avoid the oil head that occurs in the natural drying process, dried bar, mildew and rot phenomenon, of good quality, drying time is short, processing is not limited by weather, processing cost is low, efficient is high, is that it has solved orchard worker for a long time by the difficult problem of going rotten in a large number of causing of natural drying, oil head, dried bar, improved commodity fruit rate, and simple to operate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is B-B direction cutaway view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is A-A direction cutaway view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is front wall structural representation of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the present invention includes drying room (1), heating plant and carriage (2), be equiped with heating plant and carriage (2) in drying room (1).said drying room (1) roofing is provided with moisture exhausting port (3), moisture exhausting port (3) is equipped with the unidirectional ventilating fan (4) with shutter, wall bottom, the left and right sides is provided with the air inlet (5) of band door, material inlet/outlet (6) is located in the middle part of front wall, drying room (1) surrounding is with brick one-tenth wall, be bonded with the polyphenyl plate heat preserving layer outward for improving drying room (1) insulating power wall, for improving water imbibition and can guaranteeing that the heat insulating ability Roof Design is wooden sward (8) structure, wherein roofing is done on wooden Eurya plant bar (7) jack timber, above jack timber, the bedding reed mat together, paving one deck wheat straw above reed mat, use the original soil compacting above wheat straw, minute secondary compacting of plastering above original soil, smear cob one deck topmost, said heating plant is by fiery pit (9), radiating tube (10), chimney (11) and fan (12) form, fiery pit (9) is located in interior front wall (13) the right melt pit (17) of drying room (1), above fiery pit (9), iron plate (14) is stamped in sealing, the compacting of plastering above iron plate (14), the fiery cigarette outlet in fiery pit (9) is connected with radiating tube (10) front end, radiating tube (10) is laid in raceway groove (15), naturally draw raceway groove (15) for fiery cigarette and be designed to the slope, radiating tube (10) front end low-end is high for this reason, radiating tube (10) end is connected with chimney (11), chimney (11) is located on outer front wall (13) leftwall of drying room (1), the fiery cigarette that the inner burning in fiery pit (9) forms is drawn by chimney (11), the top front wall (13) in fiery pit (9) is provided with fan (12), the heat diffusion that fan (12) distributes fiery pit (9) above, the fuel in fiery pit (9) is sent into mouthful (16) and ash hole (19) is located in melt pit (17), fiery pit burning required air is provided by air blast (18), air blast (18) is placed in melt pit (17), said carriage (2) is placed in above left and right raceway groove (15), and which floor double-edged fine-toothed comb drawer (20) is arranged on carriage (2), can place fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb (21).

Drying room is traditionally arranged to be symmetry two covers of same structure, after two cover drying rooms, wall is also together as middle walls, do not offer the material inlet/outlet for more being incubated the second cover drying room front wall, the material inlet/outlet is not directly externally, and be opened on middle walls, the material turnover will be passed through the first set drying room, and drying efficiency is higher like this, more can fuel saving.

The using method of above-mentioned baking room when being used for oven dry fruit, its feature is successively:

1, the preparatory stage:

1) classification cleaning

Carry out classification according to size, the maturity of fruit, will dispose wherein decayed fruit, wound fruit, branch, fallen leaves impurity simultaneously;

2) clean

Cleaning through the fruit after classification, the fruit surface after washing is totally bright and clean, not with earth, then ventilates or the blowing drying, to improve the fruit quality of oven dry;

The fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb of 3) fruit after cleaning-drying being packed into and drying use, thickness is advisable with single fruit, is no more than at most the thickness of two fruit, then puts on the carriage of baking room.

2, be heated the stage: after fruit is packed baking room into, all will close door, skylight and hole in the ground tight, reduce energy loss, improve capacity usage ratio.Then heat temperature raising, start fan by heat diffusion, and fuel gets final product with general bituminous coal, and to prevent saccharification, carbonization and dehiscent fruit phenomenon, temperature is controlled at 45-60 ℃ for best.To often shake the fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb in the process that heats up, be beneficial to fruit and be heated evenly, observe thermometer and humidometer per half an hour.

3, hydrofuge evaporation stage: the people feels that in baking room body skin is moist, in the expression baking room, humid air is arranged, perhaps humidometer shows that air humidity begins ventilation dewetting when reaching 70-80%, at first to open moisture exhausting port fan on the roof, open again the air inlet of wall bottom, each ventilation time 15-30 minute, when air humidity drops to 55%, temperature is closed air inlet after dropping to 45 ℃, then closed the moisture exhausting port fan.

4, complete the stage:

Apricot is generally complete oven dry in 45-50 hour, and grape is complete oven dry in 30-35 hour, and red date is complete oven dry in 25-30 hour, will notice in drying course that the fruit in the double-edged fine-toothed comb of upper strata first dries, and then descends one deck, the like.When reaching 15%-30%, the water content of fruit just can take out dry fruit, and the new fruit that changes the outfit, the fill a vacancy empty double-edged fine-toothed comb of baking room, the like, the fruit that goes out baking room can not be stacked, and scatter and pave, and being beneficial to ventilates dries, inside and outside hardness is consistent to pulp, and just can case till slightly flexible comes into the market to get final product.

Above principle is only in order to explanation, and unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention does not break away from any modification or partial replacement of spirit and scope of the invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. energy-saving type fruit baking room, comprise drying room (1), heating plant and carriage (2), it is characterized in that: be equiped with heating plant and carriage (2) in drying room (1), said drying room (1) roofing is provided with moisture exhausting port (3), moisture exhausting port (3) is equipped with the unidirectional ventilating fan (4) with shutter, wall bottom, the left and right sides is provided with the air inlet (5) of band door, material inlet/outlet (6) is located in the middle part of front wall, drying room (1) surrounding is with brick one-tenth wall, wall is bonded with the polyphenyl plate heat preserving layer outward, Roof Design is wooden sward (8) structure, wherein roofing is done on wooden Eurya plant bar (7) jack timber, above jack timber, the bedding reed mat together, paving one deck wheat straw above reed mat, use the original soil compacting above wheat straw, minute secondary compacting of plastering above original soil, smear cob one deck topmost, said heating plant is by fiery pit (9), radiating tube (10), chimney (11) and fan (12) form, fiery pit (9) is located in interior front wall (13) the right melt pit (17) of drying room (1), above fiery pit (9), iron plate (14) is stamped in sealing, the compacting of plastering above iron plate (14), the fiery cigarette outlet in fiery pit (9) is connected with radiating tube (10) front end, radiating tube (10) is laid in raceway groove (15), raceway groove (15) is designed to the slope, radiating tube (10) front end low-end is high, radiating tube (10) end is connected with chimney (11), chimney (11) is located on outer front wall (13) leftwall of drying room (1), the top front wall (13) in fiery pit (9) is provided with fan (12), the fuel in fiery pit (9) is sent into mouthful (16) and ash hole (19) is located in melt pit (17), air blast (18) is placed in melt pit (17), said carriage (2) is placed in above left and right raceway groove (15), and which floor double-edged fine-toothed comb drawer (20) is arranged on carriage (2), can place fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb (21).
2. the using method of a kind of energy-saving type fruit baking room according to claim 1 when being used for oven dry fruit, its feature is successively:
1) preparatory stage:
(1) classification cleaning
Carry out classification according to size, the maturity of fruit, will dispose wherein decayed fruit, wound fruit, branch, fallen leaves impurity simultaneously;
(2) clean
Cleaning through the fruit after classification, the fruit surface after washing is totally bright and clean, not with earth, ventilates or the blowing drying;
The fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb of (3) fruit after cleaning-drying being packed into and drying use, thickness is advisable with single fruit, then puts on the carriage of baking room;
2) be heated the stage: after fruit is packed baking room into, to all to close door, skylight and hole in the ground tight, then heat temperature raising, start fan by heat diffusion, temperature is controlled at 45-60 ℃ for best, the fruit double-edged fine-toothed comb be to often shake in the process that heats up, thermometer and humidometer observed per half an hour;
3) hydrofuge evaporation stage: the people feels that in baking room body skin is moist, in the expression baking room, humid air is arranged, perhaps humidometer shows that air humidity begins ventilation dewetting when reaching 70-80%, at first to open moisture exhausting port fan on the roof, open again the air inlet of wall bottom, each ventilation time 15-30 minute, when air humidity drops to 55%, temperature is closed air inlet after dropping to 45 ℃, then closed the moisture exhausting port fan;
4) complete the stage:
Apricot is generally complete oven dry in 45-50 hour, grape is complete oven dry in 30-35 hour, red date is complete oven dry in 25-30 hour, to notice in drying course that the fruit in the double-edged fine-toothed comb of upper strata first dries, then descend one deck, the like, when reaching 15%-30%, the water content of fruit just can take out dry fruit, and the new fruit that changes the outfit, the empty double-edged fine-toothed comb of the baking room of filling a vacancy, the like, the fruit that goes out baking room can not be stacked, and scatter and pave, and being beneficial to ventilates dries, inside and outside hardness is consistent to pulp, and just can case till slightly flexible comes into the market to get final product.
CN2011100287991A 2011-01-18 2011-01-18 Energy-saving fruit drying room and drying method thereof CN102150932B (en)

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CN102505870B (en) * 2011-11-01 2014-12-10 刘作君 Energy-saving building with cooling structure
CN103141532B (en) * 2013-03-18 2015-05-13 云南易门益生绿色食品有限责任公司 Multifunctional room for baking and fermenting food
CN103478182B (en) * 2013-10-12 2015-04-08 宣威市永进食品有限公司 Multifunctional cooked food baking house
CN104012639A (en) * 2014-04-18 2014-09-03 柴栋桥 Fumigating method of red dates
CN104186649B (en) * 2014-08-29 2017-03-22 湖南林之神林韵油茶科技发展有限公司 Industrial production process method of camellia seeds
CN104855854A (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-08-26 蔡森 Preserved apricot preparation method
CN105432261A (en) * 2015-12-06 2016-03-30 竹溪县泉溪益群魔芋专业合作社 Circulating floor heating storage method for konjak
CN105559105A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-05-11 刘婵琳 Raisin sun-drying room adopting natural convection
CN105767135B (en) * 2016-03-22 2020-12-22 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 Hot air drying process for apricots
US10820603B2 (en) 2017-06-19 2020-11-03 Marija Djekic-Ivankovic Prune-based nutrient-rich materials and related processes
CN107457892A (en) * 2017-08-16 2017-12-12 顾玉城 A kind of ceramics making draft chamber

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