CN105543982A - Industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method - Google Patents
Industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105543982A CN105543982A CN201510967815.1A CN201510967815A CN105543982A CN 105543982 A CN105543982 A CN 105543982A CN 201510967815 A CN201510967815 A CN 201510967815A CN 105543982 A CN105543982 A CN 105543982A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
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Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing. The industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method saves energy, is environmentally friendly and efficient and overcomes the defects of a traditional warm-water cannabis-sativa retting method and the defects of a natural fresh-stem rain and dew degumming method. The industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method includes the steps that raw cannabis-sativa stems are bundled, soaked with water and stacked in a room of a plastic greenhouse or directly covered with a light transmitting plastic film, and the raw cannabis-sativa stems are degummed under the conditions that natural lighting is kept, the temperature is controlled to be 15-35 DEG C, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 50%-75%. The method is not limited by sites, the technology is convenient to master, the degumming period is short, efficiency is high, production can be carried out in Heilongjiang province except for winter, and industrialization of raw stem degumming can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural product process, be specifically related to the former stem Degumming method of a kind of industrial hemp; The former stem that the present invention is used for before industrial hemp fibers processing comes unstuck, specifically by former for industrial hemp stem bundling, by water-soaked, pile up indoor at the canopy of hot house according to technical requirement again or directly cover with light-passing plastic film, under keeping natural lighting condition, the humiture controlling to be suitable for completes the method that hemp original stem comes unstuck.
Background technology
Hemp (CannabissativaL.) cries again hemp, fire is numb, the Chinese is numb, and belonging to Cannabaceae Cannabis annual herb plant, is one of fibre crops that China is ancient.Hemp at present as textile raw material plantation is called industrial hemp, refer to tetrahydrocannabinol in plant (THC) content lower than 0.3% variety type.Industrial hemp is the industrial crops that value is very high, can whole processing and utilizations from stem stalk to seed, and industry added value is very high.Hemp is long and soft, prolonged corrosion resistant, can be used for weaving and make yarn, rope etc., hemp both can purely spin, also can with cotton, fiber crops, silk, hair and chemical fibre blending, be rich in oxygen in the elongated lumen of hemp, have the trichophyton gypseum, mould, aspergillus etc. of anaerobism significantly kill, inhibitory action, the skin care of hemp textile, refreshing body effect are fairly obvious.2004, the military Chinese fiber crops investigation of materials center that quartermaster equipment exhibition area research institute of the General Logistics Department of PLA sets up specially, start Chinese fiber crops correlative study and utilization, object armament article all will be used instead hemp products, brings good opportunity to hemp industry development.
Although industrial hemp has good development prospect and the wide market space, former stem come unstuck (also referred to as retted fibre) technique delayed be always restriction industrial scale development key factor.It has been the key link that hemp is processed that the former stem of industrial hemp comes unstuck.The industrial hemp production warm water degumming tech that mainly employing is identical with flax straw that Heilongjiang Province is initial.Warm water degumming tech is easy to control, and comes unstuck evenly, and fiber quality is better, but there is the shortcoming that energy consumption is large, water consumption is large, blowdown flow rate is large, the amount of labour used is large, labour intensity is large, has been not suitable with the requirement of current economy and social development.In recent years, along with the expansion of industrial hemp planting area, most Zhong Ma district mainly have employed nature fresh stem rain and dew Degumming method and completes fiber process, do not consume the energy because it has, do not produce blowdown, save labour and the low feature of retting cost, make this technique more and more be subject to the welcome of raw material plant.But the weakness that this naturally fresh stem rain and dew Degumming method is fatal is serious by the restriction of natural conditions, especially Heilongjiang Province's autumn low temperature is short of rain, cause the cycle of coming unstuck long, degumming degree is inconsistent, the fiber processed comes unstuck irregular, spinnability is poor, reduces the market competitiveness of fiber product, have impact on industrial hemp industry development.Therefore the industrial hemp former stem degumming tech of factorial praluction of how overcoming the unfavorable natural cause of our province, research and develop a kind of environmental protection, can realize has become important topic urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of energy-saving and environmental protection, the efficiently former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp.The present invention is under natural lighting regulates, and hemp original stem stack retting comes unstuck to utilize the moisturizing heating effect of plastic greenhouse film to promote, is a kind of new hemp original stem degumming tech, overcomes the deficiency that traditional warm water retting comes unstuck with naturally fresh stem rain and dew.The method does not limit by place, and technology is convenient to control, and the cycle of coming unstuck is short, and efficiency is high, can produce except winter in Heilongjiang Province, can realize former stem and to come unstuck batch production.
In the present invention, industrial hemp former stem Degumming method is undertaken by following step:
Step one, drying hemp original stem, to be bundled into diameter be (20 ~ 30) cm Bales, obtains former stem bundle;
Step 2, to soak by the former stem bundle that step one obtains by water in hot house, then adopt crisscross formula piling, between every layer of adjacent two bundle, be spaced apart (20 ~ 30) mm;
Step 3, under natural lighting condition, by the humid control in hot house 50% ~ 75%, temperature controls at 15 ~ 35 DEG C, should ventilate in time when sunny, indoor (in film) temperature is more than 35 DEG C, close when temperature drops to 25 DEG C and ventilate, observe degumming degree at any time, when straw is silver gray or black gray expandable and namely bast fiber and can peeling off easily of xylem reach the terminal that comes unstuck, (3 ~ 5 days summers can complete, and spring and autumn completes for general 5 ~ 7 days).Complete and after coming unstuck, straw to be transported to the outer natural drying drying of canopy and can carry out fiber process.
In step one, field is gathered in the industrial hemp former stem bundling diameter dried and is unfavorable for follow-up airing and processing more than 30cm, and diameter is less than the former stem that 20cm ties can carry out processing of coming unstuck by this season, also can transport place back and pile up neatly into buttress keeping and process successively.
Step 2 can piling at not ponding and on the soil of good penetrability, also can on angle bar shelf piling.The operation of following operation replacement step two can also be adopted: soak by the water former stem bundle that just step one obtains, then crisscross formula is adopted to pile up at flat car, (20 ~ 30) mm is spaced apart between every layer of adjacent two bundle, then be drawn in the canopy room of hot house and (complete ventilation in time after coming unstuck loose wet, pulled out from canopy room by wooden handcart, timely airing scapus is in order to processing).
Arrange apart from 20cm place, buttress top in step 2 and mend wet shower nozzle.
The plastic film building hot house selects green house of vegetables used, angle bar and iron pipe is utilized to build ridge-roof type or arched roof room as support, eaves place, canopy room height should reach 1.5 ~ 2.5m, the height of ridge is determined according to the span of canopy room, can ensure that rainwater flows down smoothly, the general 6 ~ 10m of width of canopy.Will there be ventilating opening to be opened/closed the both sides of canopy, and canopy inner top is provided with mends wet water pipe and shower nozzle, and the two ends of canopy can ensure vehicles while passing.Canopy room can build kind of a numb field in, also can build fixing place in.Build place in and will set up airing district and the numb place of buttress.
Manufacture supporting flat car (being beneficial to the carrying of former stem) according to the width of canopy, the width of general car can place two rows or four rows side by side in canopy, preferably selects the tire that diameter is little, can reduce the height of car, increase the useful load of former stem.
The horizontal one deck of hemp original stem one deck tied is indulged block pattern row pattern on flat car, and cross code is let slip between Cheng Ma Bales and is retained suitable space, increases aeration, and control stem stalk occurs to go rotten.Often pile up one deck all with water, former stem thoroughly to be squirted.
Have the flat car soaking hemp original stem to be drawn in canopy room to come unstuck.Preferably accomplish that same batch of each canopy is put into.Under natural lighting condition, noting ventilates and mend wets, and canopy indoor temperature is too high, the excessive straw that easily causes of humidity goes rotten.
Preferred: step 3 temperature controls at 25 ~ 30 DEG C; Humid control is 60% ~ 70%.
In the present invention, the former stem of industrial hemp (the stem stalk that the former stem of industrial hemp directly dries after referring to field harvesting) Degumming method can also be undertaken by following step:
Step one, drying hemp original stem, to be bundled into diameter be (20 ~ 30) cm Bales, obtains former stem bundle;
Step 2, former stem step one obtained with water bundle to be soaked, crisscross formula is adopted to pile up not ponding and on the soil of good penetrability on the spot, then cover light-passing plastic film to come unstuck, be silver gray or black gray expandable and bast fiber and xylem can delamination degree to stem.Complete natural drying after coming unstuck and obtain scapus (taken off the stem stalk that glue dries and be called scapus); Namely complete hemp original stem to come unstuck; Wherein, (20 ~ 30) mm is spaced apart between every layer of adjacent two bundle; This method also can complete comes unstuck, just humiture wayward, come unstuck after inconvenient airing.。
Advantageous Effects of the present invention:
1, without sewage discharge, cost is low;
2, come unstuck evenly, the cycle of coming unstuck is short, comes unstuck close with warm water, be only equivalent to that field nature rain and dew come unstuck 1/3;
3, utilize natural lighting condition, Temperature and Humidity Control is convenient, can meet large-scale production;
4, Heilongjiang Province's early spring and low temperature in the late fall deficiency that cannot complete rain and dew and come unstuck short of rain can be made up, adopt this method can also reduce nature rain and dew come unstuck stem stalk go rotten risk, improve fibre percentage 2 ~ 3 percentage points.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: in present embodiment, industrial hemp former stem Degumming method is undertaken by following step:
Step one, by drying hemp original stem, to be bundled into diameter be 25cm Bales, obtains former stem bundle;
Step 2, then adopt crisscross formula to pile up flat car at long 5m, wide 2m, be spaced apart 25mm between every layer of adjacent two bundle, each laterally piles up 20 bundles, longitudinally 20 bundles, and code 6 layers, is then drawn in the canopy room of hot house;
Step 3, under natural lighting condition, by the humid control in hot house 65%, temperature controls at 33 ± 2 DEG C, under natural lighting condition, should ventilate in time when sunny, indoor temperature is more than 35 DEG C, close when temperature drops to about 25 DEG C and ventilate, observe degumming degree at any time, when straw is silver gray or black gray expandable and namely bast fiber and can peeling off easily of xylem reach the terminal that comes unstuck.Complete and after coming unstuck, straw to be transported to the outer natural drying drying of canopy and can carry out fiber process.
Adopt B870 type Linseed decorticator system fiber crops respectively to the scapus that bundle center and surface location are extracted out, combing is under the same conditions weighed, and measure fibre percentage, result is as table 1.
As shown in Table 1, the inventive method is come unstuck evenly.
Adopt following experimental verification invention effect:
Test is carried out in the plastic greenhouse room of long 20m, wide 6m, high 2.5m, observe the humiture of canopy indoor daytime at any time, to spray water in time during stem stalk humidity deficit humidification, interval checks a degumming degree in 6 hours two days later, complete after coming unstuck and unload stem stalk from wooden handcart, natural drying, is put into after drying in storehouse in order to fiber process.The fiber combing under the same conditions that processing obtains is weighed, and measures fibre percentage.
Obtained scapus adopts B870 type Linseed decorticator system fiber crops.
Table 2 adopts technical solution of the present invention to carry out hemp original stem to come unstuck result
As shown in Table 2, this method is applicable to the hemp original stem of different times harvesting.
The different humiture of table 3 and former stem stacking mode contrast test
As shown in Table 3, the stacking mode of humiture and former stem is very large on degumming quality impact.The highest temperature of coming unstuck reaches 45 DEG C, when humidity maintenance 80%, although the cycle of coming unstuck can shorten, ectonexine comes unstuck inconsistent, skin come unstuck appropriateness when, the inside of heap is excessive, and sometimes also mildew and rot phenomenon can occur, fibre percentage and fibre strength obviously reduce, stack too consolidation, the poor air permeability of fiber crops heap, also can there is mildew and rot phenomenon in inside, reduce fibre percentage and fiber quality.
Claims (10)
1. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp, is characterized in that industrial hemp former stem Degumming method is undertaken by following step:
Step one, drying hemp original stem, to be bundled into diameter be (20 ~ 30) cm Bales, obtains former stem bundle;
Step 2, to soak by the former stem bundle that step one obtains by water in hot house, then adopt crisscross formula piling, between every layer of adjacent two bundle, be spaced apart (20 ~ 30) mm;
Step 3, under natural lighting condition, by the humid control in hot house 50% ~ 75%, temperature controls at 15 ~ 35 DEG C, should ventilate in time when sunny, indoor temperature is more than 35 DEG C, close when temperature drops to 25 DEG C and ventilate, observe degumming degree at any time, when straw is silver gray or black gray expandable and namely bast fiber and can peeling off easily of xylem reach the terminal that comes unstuck.Complete and after coming unstuck, straw to be transported to the outer natural drying drying of canopy and can carry out fiber process.
2. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, is characterized in that not ponding is selected and good penetrability in the soil of hot house described in step 2.
3. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2 piling is on angle bar shelf.
4. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, is characterized in that arranging apart from 20cm place, buttress top in step 2 mending wet shower nozzle.
5. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, is characterized in that the hot house described in step 2 is ridge or arched roof room.
6. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the eaves place height of the hot house described in step 2 should reach 1.5 ~ 2.5m, the width of canopy is width is 6 ~ 10m.
7. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3 temperature controls at 25 ~ 30 DEG C.
8. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, is characterized in that humid control is 60% ~ 70%.
9. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting the operation of following operation replacement step two: soak by the water former stem bundle that just step one obtains, then crisscross formula is adopted to pile up at flat car, be spaced apart (20 ~ 30) mm between every layer of adjacent two bundle, be then drawn in the canopy room of hot house.
10. the former stem Degumming method of industrial hemp, is characterized in that industrial hemp former stem Degumming method is undertaken by following step:
Step one, drying hemp original stem, to be bundled into diameter be (20 ~ 30) cm Bales, obtains former stem bundle;
Step 2, to soak by the former stem bundle that step one obtains by water, crisscross formula is adopted to pile up not ponding and on the soil of good penetrability on the spot, then cover light-passing plastic film to come unstuck, be silver gray or black gray expandable and bast fiber and xylem can delamination degree to stem, then natural drying obtains scapus, namely completes hemp original stem and comes unstuck;
Wherein, (20 ~ 30) mm is spaced apart between every layer of adjacent two bundle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510967815.1A CN105543982A (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2015-12-21 | Industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method |
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| CN201510967815.1A CN105543982A (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2015-12-21 | Industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method |
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| CN105543982A true CN105543982A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107155628A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-15 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of the natural degumming of bluish dogbane |
| CN107938079A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-20 | 吕元伟 | The processing method that a kind of rain and dew hemp spinning yarn is knitted |
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| JPS61160407A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-21 | Uzubou:Kk | Method of treating bast fiber |
| CN101694014A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-04-14 | 大连工业大学 | Bast fiber biological degumming tank provided with agricultural solar greenhouse and degumming method |
| CN101768784A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-07 | 季英超 | Degumming method of bastose |
| CN104532364A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-22 | 青岛佰众化工技术有限公司 | Method for degumming hemp fiber |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61160407A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-21 | Uzubou:Kk | Method of treating bast fiber |
| CN101768784A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-07 | 季英超 | Degumming method of bastose |
| CN101694014A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-04-14 | 大连工业大学 | Bast fiber biological degumming tank provided with agricultural solar greenhouse and degumming method |
| CN104532364A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-22 | 青岛佰众化工技术有限公司 | Method for degumming hemp fiber |
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| 郑亚平: "黄麻、红麻陆地湿润脱胶技术", 《农家科技》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107155628A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-15 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of the natural degumming of bluish dogbane |
| CN107155628B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-11-12 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of bluish dogbane nature degumming |
| CN107938079A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-20 | 吕元伟 | The processing method that a kind of rain and dew hemp spinning yarn is knitted |
| CN107938079B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-07-31 | 佛山市摩力克家居布业有限公司 | Processing method for spinning and weaving rain and dew hemp |
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