CN201014892Y - A greenhouse solar drying facility for agricultural products - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, which belongs to the technical field of drying agricultural products. It is especially suitable for drying characteristic agricultural products in areas rich in light and heat resources such as Xinjiang in my country, such as grapes, apricots, jujubes and various vegetables. The technical solution includes a frame-type main structure, covered with a double-layer plastic film with a certain distance on the outside of the frame structure, installing ventilation facilities or equipment on the top and bottom of the plastic film, and setting drying facilities inside; the bottom of the plastic film has an air inlet, An exhaust fan is installed at the top opening, or an air inlet is opened at the top of the plastic film, and an exhaust fan is installed at the bottom. This facility can greatly shorten the product drying cycle, effectively control the temperature and humidity in the drying facility, increase the rate of green raisins, reduce dust pollution, and improve the hygienic and sensory quality of the product. The use of this facility will play a positive role in driving the development of Xinjiang's agricultural product planting and processing industries, and will have significant economic and social benefits.

Description

A greenhouse solar drying facility for agricultural products

technical field

The utility model relates to a greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, which belongs to the technical field of drying agricultural products. It is especially suitable for drying characteristic agricultural products in areas rich in light and heat resources such as Xinjiang in my country, such as grapes, apricots, jujubes and various vegetables.

Background technique

High energy consumption and changes in product quality during the drying process are the two most important problems to be solved in the drying of agricultural products. Drying is a high-energy-consuming operation. According to statistics, up to 12% of industrial energy consumption is used in drying processes in developed countries such as France, the United Kingdom, and Sweden. Among various industrial drying energy consumption, the energy consumption of agricultural product drying is second only to The paper industry ranks second, and the energy consumption of drying operations in my country accounts for about 10% of the total energy consumption. Therefore, how to obtain high-quality dehydrated and dried products with low energy consumption and low cost has become an urgent problem to be studied and solved in the current drying of agricultural products, and it is also the biggest challenge in the research and development of drying technology. It is not only related to the sustainability of the industry development, but also the need to build a resource-saving society.

Xinjiang has a wide variety of characteristic melons, fruits and vegetables, with high quality and delicious taste, and has unique light and heat resources. It is very suitable for the development of drying industry in terms of climatic conditions, geographical environment and transportation costs. Through the research and development of solar drying facilities, the purpose of efficiently utilizing Xinjiang's rich solar energy resources and improving the quality and economic value of Xinjiang's characteristic dried fruits and vegetables.

The drying technology of agricultural products is divided into natural drying and artificial drying technology. Natural drying is to subject the harvested fresh raw materials to certain pretreatments, such as blanching, lye, etc. Direct drying or indirect drying using solar energy; artificial drying is a method of drying raw materials using certain drying techniques such as hot air drying, microwave drying, infrared drying, and freeze drying after a certain pretreatment. Solar drying is an efficient and clean drying technology that makes the material to be dried directly absorb solar energy or indirectly use solar air collectors to heat the air, and dry the product through the convection of hot air.

At present, the drying of grapes in Xinjiang is mainly carried out in the drying room built on the dry Gobi desert. The surrounding area of the drying room is made of bee-eye type ventilation brick walls, and the high temperature in summer (above 40°C) and the hot air "foehn" falling around the basin are used. To "dry" the grapes. Grape ears can be spread out on a wooden shelf, tied to vertical wooden stakes or draped over horizontal wire. Due to poor environmental conditions, there are problems such as long drying cycle, low efficiency, low product quality and poor hygienic quality in the natural drying of products. If solar drying technology is used to dry agricultural products in areas with abundant solar energy resources such as Xinjiang, it can not only reduce production costs, but also play an important role in improving product quality, effectively protecting the environment, saving energy, and promoting the intensive development of local agricultural product processing industries. effect.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, which has the advantages of low construction cost, high efficiency, and energy saving. Dried.

The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of this utility model includes: a frame-type main body structure, covered with a double-layer plastic film with a certain distance from the outside of the frame structure, and ventilation facilities or equipment are installed on the top and bottom of the plastic film. Set up drying facilities.

In the above-mentioned greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, the bottom of the plastic film has an air inlet and the top opening is equipped with an exhaust fan, or the top of the plastic film has an air inlet and an exhaust fan is installed at the bottom.

In the above-mentioned greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, the frame structure is oriented east-west, including columns and beams, the columns are arranged in rows from south to north, the top of the columns is a beam, and the overall appearance forms a cuboid.

The top of the above-mentioned greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products can be flat, arched or triangular.

The top of the above-mentioned greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products is triangular, and the heated top surface faces due south, with an inclination of 30 to 40 degrees.

In the above-mentioned greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, the material of the frame structure is wood or metal or concrete.

In the above-mentioned greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, a gap of 20 cm is left between the double-layer plastic films.

In the above-mentioned greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products, the outer layer of the double-layer plastic film is transparent or translucent, and the inner layer is a black plastic film or black sunshade net.

The utility model combines the advantages of the greenhouse in facility agriculture and the characteristics of the traditional drying room for local grapes, which can greatly shorten the drying cycle of the product, effectively control the temperature and humidity in the drying facility, increase the rate of green-grade raisins, reduce the Dust pollution, producing high-quality raisins. The design and use of this facility will play a positive role in promoting the development of Xinjiang's agricultural product planting and processing industries, and will have significant economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the transverse sectional view of the utility model greenhouse type agricultural product solar drying facility;

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the greenhouse-type solar drying facility for agricultural products of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, 1 is a column, 2 is an exhaust fan/air outlet, 3 is a plastic film, and 4 is an air inlet.

The main structure of the utility model is a framed wood, steel or reinforced concrete structure. The frame structure is covered with a double-layer plastic film with a certain distance. According to the color of the product, the inner film can be black film or black Shade nets, ventilation facilities or equipment are installed on the top and bottom of the facility to enhance the air flow in the facility, and drying racks are installed inside.

The direction of this drying facility is in the east-west direction. The main frame is composed of columns and beams. The overall appearance of the columns constitutes a cuboid with the same height. There is a row of columns at a certain distance (such as one meter) from south to north. The top of the columns is a beam, and the top of the house can be Flat roof, arched or triangular architecture. If you choose a triangular roof, the roof with the heating surface should face south, and the slope should be 30 to 40 degrees. Column material can choose wood, metal or concrete. The skeleton structure is covered with double-layer plastic film, and there is a gap of about 20cm between the two layers, which plays the role of heat collection and temperature increase. If it is used for drying green vegetables and Xinjiang seedless white and green raisins, the outer layer is transparent or translucent plastic film, and the inner layer is black plastic film or black sunshade net. There are two main ventilation methods: one is that the bottom opening of the plastic film enters the air, and the top opening is equipped with an exhaust fan; The number of exhaust fans depends on the size of the facility space and the exhaust air volume of the exhaust fans.

Appropriate drying facilities can be designed inside the facility according to the specific raw materials, such as grain, pasture, apricot, jujube, etc. can be used in trays, grapes, green leafy vegetables, etc. can be used in hangers.

The utility model is a drying facility for agricultural products combined with solar energy heat collection technology on the basis of the traditional raisin drying room. In actual production, the size of the greenhouse-type drying facility is designed according to the needs. It is recommended not to exceed 7m×5m, because the size is too large. Large, the problem of uneven heat is likely to occur inside the facility. The number of columns is determined according to the length and width of the drying facility. The interval between each column can be 1m, and the columns can be cement piles to reduce costs. After the column is fixed, the beam is built, and the flat roof, arched roof or triangular roof is selected according to the actual situation. Flat roofs are easy to build, but arched and triangular tops can increase the lighting area and improve the utilization of solar energy. After the facility skeleton is shaped, it can be covered with plastic film, and the plastic film is fixed on the column with flexible material. After the plastic film is covered, the ventilation method can be selected. If the ventilation is from the bottom up, the exhaust fan will be installed on the top, and the air will be taken in from the openings around the bottom; Guide the hot air to flow downwards to make more efficient use of heat resources. The size of the air outlet and the air inlet is 50×50cm. When the facilities are used to dry seedless white raisins and green leafy vegetables, each row of uprights in the east-west direction inside the air-drying room shall fix long strips of bamboo skin or iron rods with iron wires every 35cm from top to bottom, and then put short bamboo poles or iron rods on top of each other. Put it on the long strips of bamboo skin or iron rods on every two rows of columns, and then hang the raw materials for natural ventilation and drying. If it is used for raw materials such as red dates, dried apricots, and onions, it can be dried on trays.

The following is a concrete example of the utility model:

The greenhouse-type Xinjiang seedless white and green raisin drying room covers an area of 7×5m ² . Choose materials such as wood, transparent blue film, and black nylon sunshade net. There are 48 columns in common, each column is 4.5m high, and there are 8 columns in each row in the east-west direction, a total of 6 rows, and the spacing between each column and each row is 1m. After fixing the position of the column, put on the beam and flatten the roof. The inner layer is covered with black nylon sunshade net, and the outer layer is covered with transparent blue film, with a distance of 10-20cm. The bottom 50cm of the plastic film can be rolled up when the temperature is too high for ventilation. Four ventilation fans are installed on the top for exhaust. Fix the long bamboo strips on each row of uprights with iron wires, the bamboo strips are spaced 30cm apart, and the short bamboo poles are placed horizontally between every two rows of uprights, and the grapes can be hung for natural ventilation and drying.

The utility model can make full use of solar energy resources in the natural drying process of agricultural products, and at the same time, through the effective control of light, temperature and humidity in the facility, the drying cycle of the products can be significantly shortened, and the quality of the dried products can be improved.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the utility model can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the new utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the utility model shall be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility, comprise the agent structure of frame-type, it is characterized in that, outside this frame structure, cover double-layer plastic film with certain intervals distance, ventilation equipment or equipment are installed in top and bottom at plastic foil, and inside is provided with the airing facility.

2. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described plastic foil bottom is driven the air port into, and ventilating fan is installed in open top, or described plastic foil top is driven the air port into, bottom installation ventilating fan.

3. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the trend of described frame structure is an east-west direction, comprise column and crossbeam, column sets in a row by reaching north in the south, and the column top is a crossbeam, and overall appearance constitutes cuboid.

4. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that its top can be flat-top, arch or triangle framework.

5. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that its top is a triangle, be heated end face towards Due South to, gradient is 30 to 40 degree.

6. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the material of described frame structure is timber or metal or concrete.

7. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the intermembranous gap of staying 20cm of described double-layer plastic.

8. greenhouse type agricultural product solar energy drying facility according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described double-layer plastic film, and skin is transparent or semitransparent, internal layer is black plastic film or black sunshade net.

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