CN104532364A - Method for degumming hemp fiber - Google Patents
Method for degumming hemp fiber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104532364A CN104532364A CN201410753757.8A CN201410753757A CN104532364A CN 104532364 A CN104532364 A CN 104532364A CN 201410753757 A CN201410753757 A CN 201410753757A CN 104532364 A CN104532364 A CN 104532364A
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- hemp
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- degumming
- olefin
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
- D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
- D01B1/22—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with crushing or breaking rollers or plates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly and rapid hemp degumming method, and belongs to the field of fabrics. The method for degumming hemp fiber comprises the following steps: pretreating tough skin of hemp, performing mechanical pretreatment, and degumming by using a biological enzyme, specifically, performing mechanical repeated grinding on hemp, washing with water to remove hemicelluloses and lignin adhered to the surface of the fiber, and drying and treating by using olefine acid; subsequently adding water and an enzymic preparation into the treated hemp so as to degum in an acid environment at certain temperature, and finally drying, thereby obtaining hemp fiber. The method for degumming hemp is high in operability, large in treatment capacity, free of pollution and high in degumming efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of degumming process method of hemp, belong to field of textiles.
Technical background
Hemp system Moraceae, belongs to annual herb plant, and English Hemp by name, Latin is called Cannabis satival.China is maximum flax fibre producing country, spreads all over the country, wherein based on the north.
The stem hide fiber of hemp is long and tough and tensile, availablely knits burlap or defence line.Research of hemp fiber features Midst density is 1.45g/cm
3intensity 5.8-6.8g/d, regain 12%, saturation regain 50 %; Be dissolved in concentrated base, the diluted alkaline of heat.Hemp fineness is thin, and intensity is high, and broken filament intensity is better than flax, and lower than ramie, by the spinning of flax process route, hemp fineness ratio flax, flax also want thin.Although the hemp in hemp textile comes unstuck and dyeing and finishing processing, still retain and adsorbed micro-cannabinoids material.The main chemical compositions of the bast of hemp is cellulose, is secondly hemicellulose, pectic substance, lignin, adipocere matter, nitrogen substance i.e. trace element etc.The content of cellulose of hemp phloem is lower than ramie, and gum level is higher, and therefore the difficulty of coming unstuck of hemp phloem is comparatively large, if lignin is removed not thorough in scouring processes, brings larger difficulty will to the processing of the control of hemp dye.When the content of lignin in hemp lower than 0.8% time, fiber is pure white loose, can meet control dye after requirement.Hemp fineness is 2-3 times of ramee, and close to cotton, elder sister's fiber two ends are blunt circle.Hemp textile particularly soft is comfortable, the smooth exquisiteness of feel, without the need to processing prodding and itching feeling and the harsh feeling that just can avoid other textile products especially.The many crackles of hemp surface distributed, these crackles are deep into the lumen of cell, and this result makes hemp produce excellent capillary effect, thus make the moisture absorbing and sweat releasing of hemp, ventilative heat conductivility especially good, and dress is nice and cool not next to the skin.The moisture absorption rate of courtaille can reach 7.43 mg/min, and the loose wet tall and big 12.6mg/min of speed, wear hemp compared with COTTON FABRIC, people feels more nice and cool.But, in hemp hemicellulose 18.16% and lignin 6.21% content high, will directly affect hemp spinning performance.
The drawbacks such as single chemical treatment method, as chemical Degumming is sent out, yields poorly, and the unstable and environmental pollution of quality is serious.The principle of chemical Degumming to utilize in plant bast cellulose and colloid different and except removing photoresist to alkali, inorganic acid and oxidant etc.Under high temperature alkaline solution kiering, the gtelatinous fibre such as pectin and hemicellulose element is easy to be hydrolyzed, and can remove through washing.Wherein generally need saucepan, make the machine of washing, washer, Water Extraction Machinery and dryer etc.And biological degumming, be under certain condition, make some microorganisms with colloid in bast for nutrition is bred gradually by spontaneous fermentation, impel colloid hydrolysis in straw tissue to slough.And enzyme comes unstuck and uses suitable enzyme preparation to improve the speed of coming unstuck and quality, biology enzyme, have more selective.Catalytic efficiency is high, but non-refractory, the advantage that enzyme comes unstuck is minimizing operation, the shortening time, improves health, economize energy, improves quality and reduces costs.But current enzyme comes unstuck, application in hemp is few.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of environmental protection and hemp degumming method fast, and it is realized by the following technical programs:
1, hemp phloem preliminary treatment: by hemp first through bubble, rinse, dry or directly obtain hemp phloem through drying, banking up, tan by the sun again with decorticating;
2, mechanical pretreatment: by hemp after machinery rolls repeatedly, then with water cleaning, with remove be attached to fiber surface hemicellulose and lignin after, then drying and olefin(e) acid process;
3, biological enzyme degumming: taken out by the hemp after above-mentioned process, add water and biology enzyme, come unstuck under acidity and uniform temperature condition, final drying obtains hemp.
Wherein, above-mentioned cal rolling adopts the roller of hemp weight 10 times to roll 100 ~ 150 times.
Wherein, in above-mentioned mechanical pretreatment, the acid-treated olefin(e) acid of alkene is the hydrochloric acid that quality is divided into 3 ~ 10%, and mass fraction is the H of 10 ~ 20%
2o
2, mass fraction is mixing that are a kind of in the dust technology of 2 ~ 7% or two kinds of olefin(e) acids.
Wherein, in above-mentioned olefin(e) acid process, the PH of cannabis solution is 4.5 ~ 5.5, at 50 ~ 90 DEG C of temperature, soaks hemp 1 ~ 2h.
Wherein, in biological enzyme degumming, biology enzyme is pectase, lignoenzyme and paddy rice enzyme form jointly, and the weight ratio of each component is Guo Jiao Mei ︰ Mu quality Mei ︰ paddy rice enzyme=1 ~ 5 ︰ 2 ~ 7 ︰ 5 ~ 10.
Preferably, the weight ratio in above-mentioned biology enzyme in pectase, lignoenzyme and paddy rice enzyme is 1 ~ 3 ︰ 4 ~ 7 ︰ 5 ~ 8.
Wherein, after adding biology enzyme, water and olefin(e) acid, biology enzyme concentration is 5 ~ 7%, and namely biology enzyme (enzyme reagent) weight accounts for the ratio of hemp, enzyme reagent, olefin(e) acid and water gross weight.
Wherein, adding olefin(e) acid in scouring processes is watery hydrochloric acid, rare H
2o
2or one or both mixing in dust technology, after adding olefin(e) acid, in scouring solution, pH value is 5.0 ~ 6.0.
Wherein, temperature of coming unstuck is 60 ~ 80 DEG C, and the best temperature of coming unstuck is 70 ~ 75 DEG C.
Wherein, usually time is 1 ~ 3h, and best usually time is 1 ~ 2h.
Wherein, hemp is through repeatedly rolling, wherein hemicellulose, lignin depart from hemp body gradually, roll after more than 100 times when adopting the roller of hemp own wt 10 times, in hemp, hemicellulose and lignin separate gradually from the bast of hemp, after rolling layer is more than 150 times, in hemp phloem, the content of hemicellulose, lignin and pectin is much few, in practical operation, generally roll 100 ~ 150 times.Then after olefin(e) acid process, in hemp, pectin, hemicellulose and lignin precipitate in the solution gradually, are removed finally by follow-up water-washing step.
Wherein, in the present invention, biology enzyme is pectase, lignoenzyme and paddy rice enzyme carry out degummase in acid condition.Mixed biologic enzyme comes unstuck excellent in efficiency under said temperature and acid condition, which saves material and time, simultaneously pollution-free, energy consumption is low.According to remaining hemicellulose, lignin and pectin in the hemp that such scheme is obtained not higher than 0.7%.The good toughness of hemp simultaneously, pliability is suitable for, and directly can drop into textile manufacturing.
advantage of the present invention
The present invention overcomes the low defect of chemical Degumming environmental pollution degumming rate that is serious and single creature enzyme completely, and the present invention have studied the method for coming unstuck under acidity and uniform temperature that hemp recycles mixed biologic enzyme after mechanical treatment.In technical solution of the present invention, there is the acid treatment of two places, hemp degumming efficiency is higher.The advantages such as it is short that the inventive method has flow process, and enzyme dosage is few, and efficiency of coming unstuck is high, energy consumption is low, pollution-free.
Specific embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated; the equipment wherein related to and design parameter should as any restrictions of the application, and those skilled in the art do any conversion or change should belong to protection scope of the present invention in technique scheme.
Each design parameter in table 1 hemp degumming method of the present invention
In table 1 in each embodiment, hemp first through bubble, rinse, dry after decorticating obtain hemp phloem or directly dry, bank up, tan by the sun again after decorticating obtain hemp phloem.
Hemp degumming method of the present invention, through above-mentioned conditional parameter, in the obtained hemp that finally comes unstuck, pectin, lignin, hemicellulose residual volume be not higher than 0.7%, and the inventive method usually time is short simultaneously.
Claims (6)
1. a hemp degumming method, it comprises the following steps: by hemp through bubble, rinse, to dry or directly after drying, bank up, tan by the sun again and obtaining hemp phloem with decorticating, then through cal rolling, cleaning, dry and olefin(e) acid process; Then the hemp after above-mentioned process is added water, olefin(e) acid and enzyme preparation come unstuck under acid condition, uniform temperature, the hemp that final drying is; It is characterized in that: described dilute acid pretreatment be add olefin(e) acid make solution PH be 4.5 ~ 5.5 at 50 ~ 90 DEG C soak 1 ~ 2h, described enzyme preparation is made up of pectase, lignoenzyme and paddy rice enzyme, wherein in biology enzyme, each components by weight is Guo Jiao Mei ︰ Mu quality Mei ︰ paddy rice enzyme=1 ~ 5 ︰ 2 ~ 7 ︰ 5 ~ 10, wherein the concentration of biology enzyme is 5 ~ 7%, the PH that wherein comes unstuck is 5.0 ~ 6.0, usually time is 1 ~ 3h, and temperature of coming unstuck is 60 ~ 80 DEG C.
2. hemp degumming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cal rolling, adopts the roller of hemp weight 10 times to roll 100 ~ 150 times.
3. hemp degumming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described cal rolling acid-treated olefin(e) acid to be mass fraction be 3 ~ 10% hydrochloric acid, mass fraction is the H of 10 ~ 20%
2o
2or mass fraction is one or both olefin(e) acids mixing in the dust technology of 2 ~ 7%.
4. hemp degumming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described biology enzyme, the weight ratio of each component is Guo Jiao Mei ︰ Mu quality Mei ︰ paddy rice enzyme=1 ~ 3 ︰ 4 ~ 7 ︰ 5 ~ 8.
5. hemp degumming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in temperature of coming unstuck be 70 ~ 75 DEG C.
6. hemp degumming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described usually time is 1 ~ 2h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410753757.8A CN104532364A (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Method for degumming hemp fiber |
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| CN201410753757.8A CN104532364A (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Method for degumming hemp fiber |
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| CN104532364A true CN104532364A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN201410753757.8A Pending CN104532364A (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Method for degumming hemp fiber |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543982A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-04 | 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院 | Industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method |
| CN106917146A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-04 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | It is a kind of banana fiber is extracted using steam explosion technology and degumming method |
| CN107012708A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-04 | 温州任和文化创意有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation technology of high intensity, environmentally friendly hemp paper |
| CN108823714A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-16 | 杭州彩润科技有限公司 | The environment-protection production method of wet spinning industrial hemp scribbled |
| CN110552071A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2019-12-10 | 辽源市杰牌印染科技有限公司 | hemp fiber degumming process method |
| CN112878085A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-01 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Method for preparing nano cellulose by using hemp skin |
Citations (4)
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| CN1125788A (en) * | 1994-12-31 | 1996-07-03 | 泰安市大麻纺织厂筹建处 | Biological degumming technology of hemp phloem |
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| CN1824851A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2006-08-30 | 苏州市利飞纺织品有限公司 | Preparation of original bamboo fiber by bioenzyme method |
| CN103397391A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-20 | 宏大研究院有限公司 | Biological enzyme degumming method of flax fiber |
-
2014
- 2014-12-11 CN CN201410753757.8A patent/CN104532364A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1125788A (en) * | 1994-12-31 | 1996-07-03 | 泰安市大麻纺织厂筹建处 | Biological degumming technology of hemp phloem |
| CN1600907A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2005-03-30 | 刘忆萍 | Pieparation method for fabricating raw bamboo into spinnable bamboo fibers |
| CN1824851A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2006-08-30 | 苏州市利飞纺织品有限公司 | Preparation of original bamboo fiber by bioenzyme method |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 许敏等: "大麻纤维机械-生物酶联合脱胶技术", 《安徽工程科技学院学报(自然科学版)》 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543982A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-04 | 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院 | Industrial raw-cannabis-sativa-stem degumming method |
| CN107012708A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-04 | 温州任和文化创意有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation technology of high intensity, environmentally friendly hemp paper |
| CN106917146A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-04 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | It is a kind of banana fiber is extracted using steam explosion technology and degumming method |
| CN106917146B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-05-11 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | It is a kind of banana fiber to be extracted using steam explosion technology and the method for degumming |
| CN108823714A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-16 | 杭州彩润科技有限公司 | The environment-protection production method of wet spinning industrial hemp scribbled |
| CN108823714B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2021-06-18 | 杭州彩润科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly production method of hemp blended yarn in wet spinning industry |
| CN110552071A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2019-12-10 | 辽源市杰牌印染科技有限公司 | hemp fiber degumming process method |
| CN112878085A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-01 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Method for preparing nano cellulose by using hemp skin |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |