CN110552071A - hemp fiber degumming process method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hemp fiber degumming process method, which comprises the process steps of alkali degumming and enzyme degumming, wherein the enzymes used in the enzyme degumming step are pectinase, hemicellulase and ligninase, the dosage of the pectinase is 0.05-0.2% owf, the dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.05-0.2% owf, the dosage of the ligninase is 0.1-0.3% owf, the treatment temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the treatment time is 2.5-3.5 hours. Compared with the chemical degumming process, the chemical-biological enzyme combined degumming process is adopted, the dosage of chemical reagents is reduced, the discharge of pollutants is reduced, the damage to the hemp fibers is reduced, and the breaking strength of the hemp fibers is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of degumming process methods, in particular to a hemp fiber degumming process method.
Background
Hemp fiber contains cellulose component, and also contains colloid such as hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, fatty wax, etc., and the existence of these colloids makes hemp fiber stiff and rough and has poor spinnability. Before use, the hemp fiber must be degummed, and the yield and the use value of the degummed hemp fiber are directly influenced by the residual gum rate, so the degummed technology is the key point of hemp fiber processing.
the traditional hemp degumming process comprises the methods of natural water microbial degumming, mechanical degumming, chemical degumming, biological enzyme degumming and the like. The microbial degumming of natural water is realized by using microbes in water, and has the defects of long period, low efficiency and high labor intensity, and the obtained fiber has extremely unstable quality and is greatly influenced by geographical conditions; the mechanical degumming method is incomplete in degumming and can only be used for pretreatment generally; chemical degumming is performed by adopting chemical reagents, a large amount of chemical drugs and water are needed in the degumming process, and not only is energy consumption high, but also the environmental pollution is serious. Meanwhile, because a large amount of strong acid and strong base are used under the high-temperature condition, the damage to the fibrilia is great; the biological enzyme degumming can reduce the degumming cost, reduce the environmental pollution and improve the finished rate of the refined dry ramie, and the fiber after the enzyme degumming is fluffy and soft, the average length is increased, the short fiber rate is low, the fluff of ramie grains is obviously reduced, the spun yarn quality is obviously improved, but the activity of the biological enzyme is not high enough at present, the degumming rate is low, the consumed time is longer, the lignin removal is not obvious, and the chemical degumming can not be completely replaced.
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a hemp fiber degumming process method, which adopts a chemical-biological enzyme combined degumming process, reduces the dosage of chemical reagents compared with a chemical degumming process, reduces the damage to hemp fibers and reduces the discharge of pollutants.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a hemp fiber degumming process method comprises the process steps of alkali degumming and enzyme degumming, wherein the enzyme used in the enzyme degumming step is pectinase, hemicellulase and ligninase, the dosage of the pectinase is 0.05-0.2% owf, the dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.05-0.2% owf, the dosage of the ligninase is 0.1-0.3% owf, the treatment temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the treatment time is 2.5-3.5 hours.
Further, the hemp fiber degumming process method comprises the following steps:
S1 alkali degumming
Adding water into the hemp according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding alkali liquor to degum at the temperature of 100-;
the step has the function of dissolving hemicellulose, pectin and lignin in the colloid under the action of high-temperature alkali liquor.
S2, washing with hot water
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, washing for 10-15 minutes at 90-95 ℃, and discharging the water;
this step serves to remove residual reagents and dissolved gums.
S3 peracid
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding acid solution, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at 50-60 ℃, and discharging water;
The effect of this step is to neutralize the residual alkali.
s4 Cold Water washing
Adding water according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
the function of this step is to wash away residual reagents.
s5 enzyme degumming
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding the pectinase, hemicellulase and ligninase, degumming at 50-60 ℃ for 2.5-3.5 hours, and discharging the water;
The effect of this step is to remove pectin, hemicellulose and lignin from the gum.
s6, adding water according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, washing for 10-15 minutes at the temperature of 90-95 ℃, and discharging the water;
the effect of this step is to inactivate the biological enzymes and at the same time wash off the gums that have detached from the fibers.
s7 Cold Water washing
Adding water according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
The function of this step is to wash out the residual material.
S8 oxygen bleaching
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding bleaching liquid, bleaching for 40-50 minutes at the temperature of 98-100 ℃, and discharging water;
The function of this step is to remove the natural pigments of the hemp fibers.
S9, washing with hot water
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, washing for 10-15 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and discharging the water;
The function of this step is to wash out residual reagents and impurities.
S10 peracid
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding acid solution, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at 50-60 ℃, and discharging water;
the effect of this step is to neutralize the residual base.
S11 Cold Water washing
Adding water according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
the function of this step is to wash away residual reagents.
S12, oil feeding
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding degummed oil 2.5% of the weight of the hemp and a soft sheet 10% of the weight of the hemp, soaking at 50-60 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, and discharging the water;
the step has the functions of loosening and softening the fiber, improving the surface state and mechanical and physical properties of the fiber and carding in the subsequent process.
S13, drying to obtain the refined dry ramie.
Further, the alkali liquor used in the alkali degumming step comprises 8g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of sodium sulfite, 2g/L of sodium tripolyphosphate and 2g/L of alkali-resistant penetrating agent.
Wherein each reagent has the following functions:
(1) Caustic soda: the hemicellulose, the pectin and the lignin in the colloid can be dissolved under the action of high-temperature alkali liquor;
(2) Sodium sulfite: the sodium sulfite radical is beneficial to removing lignin;
(3) Sodium tripolyphosphate: chelating metal ions and dispersing impurities;
(4) Alkali-resistant penetrant: dispersing and emulsifying to remove colloid.
Further, the amount of pectinase used in the enzymatic degumming step is 0.1% owf, hemicellulase is 0.1% owf, and ligninase is 0.2% owf.
Further, 2g/L of non-ionic penetrant is also added in the enzymatic degumming step.
Wherein each reagent has the following functions:
(1) and (3) pectinase: can remove pectin part in cutin;
(2) hemicellulase (b): the hemicellulose part in the colloid can be removed;
(3) Ligninase: the lignin part in the colloid can be removed;
(4) Non-ionic penetrant: has certain auxiliary function in the enzyme degumming.
further, the acid solution in step S3 is glacial acetic acid with a concentration of 1 g/L.
further, the bleaching solution in the step S8 comprises 2g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 2g/L of refining penetrant and 12g/L of hydrogen peroxide.
Wherein each reagent has the following functions:
(1) caustic soda: providing alkalinity and adjusting the pH value of the bleaching solution;
(2) hydrogen peroxide stabilizer: prevent the hydrogen peroxide from decomposing too fast and stabilize the function of the hydrogen peroxide;
(3) Refining penetrant to disperse and emulsify impurity;
(4) hydrogen peroxide: bleaching to remove natural pigment from fibrilia.
further, as a preferred mode, the hemp fiber degumming process method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1 alkali degumming
adding water into hemp according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding alkali liquor, degumming for 120 minutes at a temperature of 105 ℃, and discharging water; the alkali liquor comprises 8g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of sodium sulfite, 2g/L of sodium tripolyphosphate and 2g/L of alkali-resistant penetrating agent;
s2, washing with hot water
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
s3 peracid
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding acid solution, washing for 5 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging water; the acid solution is glacial acetic acid with the concentration of 1 g/L;
s4 Cold Water washing
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S5 enzyme degumming
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding the pectinase, the hemicellulase and the ligninase, degumming for 3 hours at the temperature of 55 ℃, and discharging the water; the dosage of the pectinase is 0.1% owf, the dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.1% owf, and the dosage of the ligninase is 0.2% owf;
S6, washing with hot water
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
s7 Cold Water washing
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s8 oxygen bleaching
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding bleaching liquid, bleaching for 40 minutes at the temperature of 98 ℃, and discharging the water; the bleaching solution comprises 2g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 2g/L of refining penetrant and 12g/L of hydrogen peroxide;
S9, washing with hot water
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, and discharging the water;
S10 peracid
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding acid solution, washing for 5 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging water; the acid solution is glacial acetic acid with the concentration of 1 g/L;
s11 Cold Water washing
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S12, oil feeding
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding degummed oil accounting for 2.5% of the weight of the hemp and a soft sheet accounting for 10% of the weight of the hemp, soaking for 20 minutes at a temperature of 50 ℃, and discharging the water;
S13, drying to obtain the refined dry ramie.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the chemical components of the hemp raw hemp contain high content of hemicellulose and lignin, the content of the hemicellulose and the lignin has large influence on the spinnability of the fiber, and the hemicellulose and the lignin are main components influencing the fiber in hemp colloid and are preferentially removed in a degumming process, so the method adds the hemicellulase and the lignin enzyme on the basis of single pectinase biological degumming, the biological enzyme degumming action condition is mild, and the fiber is minimally damaged at a lower temperature (50-60 ℃). Although chemical degumming is needed, the alkali consumption is greatly reduced, and the temperature is also reduced. The chemical-biological enzyme combined degumming has less severe action on the fiber, the fiber has soft performance, the hand feeling is ideal, the concentration of the alkali liquor in the waste water is low, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Detailed Description
in order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. .
Example 1
taking 1kg of hemp as an example, the hemp fiber degumming process method comprises the following steps:
s1 alkali degumming
Putting 1kg of hemp into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, adding 10L of water, adding 80g of caustic soda, 30g of sodium sulfite, 20g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 20g of alkali-resistant penetrating agent, degumming for 120 minutes at 105 ℃, and discharging water;
S2, washing with hot water
Adding 10L of water, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
s3 peracid
Adding 10L of water, adding 10g of glacial acetic acid, cleaning for 5 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging water;
s4 Cold Water washing
Adding 10L of water, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S5 enzyme degumming
Adding 10L of water, adding 1g of pectinase, 1g of hemicellulase and 2g of ligninase, degumming at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 3 hours, and discharging the water; (ii) a
s6, washing with hot water
adding 10L of water, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
S7 Cold Water washing
Adding 10L of water, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s8 oxygen bleaching
adding 10L of water, 20g of caustic soda, 30g of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 20g of refining penetrant and 120g of hydrogen peroxide, bleaching for 40 minutes at the temperature of 98 ℃, and discharging water;
s9, washing with hot water
Adding 10L of water, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, and discharging the water;
s10 peracid
Adding 10L of water, adding 10g of glacial acetic acid, cleaning for 5 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging water;
S11 Cold Water washing
Adding 10L of water, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s12, oil feeding
Adding 10L of water, adding 25g of degumming oil and 25g of 10% film, soaking at 50 ℃ for 20 minutes, and discharging water;
s13, drying to obtain the refined dry ramie.
Example 2
Taking 1kg of hemp as an example, the hemp fiber degumming process method comprises the following steps:
s1 alkali degumming
putting 1kg of hemp into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, adding 8L of water, adding 64g of caustic soda, 24g of sodium sulfite, 16g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 16g of alkali-resistant penetrating agent, degumming for 150 minutes at the temperature of 100 ℃, and discharging the water;
S2, washing with hot water
Adding 8L of water, washing for 15 minutes at the temperature of 90 ℃, and discharging the water;
S3 peracid
Adding 8L of water, adding 8g of glacial acetic acid, cleaning for 10 minutes at the temperature of 50 ℃, and discharging the water;
S4 Cold Water washing
Adding 8L of water, washing for 10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S5 enzyme degumming
Adding 8L of water, adding 0.5g of pectinase, 0.5g of hemicellulase and 1g of ligninase, degumming at 50 ℃ for 3.5 hours, and discharging the water; (ii) a
s6, washing with hot water
Adding 8L of water, washing for 15 minutes at the temperature of 90 ℃, and discharging the water;
S7 Cold Water washing
Adding 8L of water, washing for 10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s8 oxygen bleaching
adding 8L of water, 16g of caustic soda, 24g of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 16g of refining penetrant and 96g of hydrogen peroxide, bleaching for 50 minutes at the temperature of 98 ℃, and discharging water;
S9, washing with hot water
adding 8L of water, washing for 15 minutes at the temperature of 70 ℃, and discharging the water;
S10 peracid
Adding 8L of water, adding 8g of glacial acetic acid, cleaning for 10 minutes at the temperature of 50 ℃, and discharging the water;
s11 Cold Water washing
adding 8L of water, washing for 10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s12, oil feeding
Adding 8L of water, adding 25g of degumming oil and 25g of 10% film, soaking at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes, and discharging the water;
S13, drying to obtain the refined dry ramie.
Example 3
Taking 1kg of hemp as an example, the hemp fiber degumming process method comprises the following steps:
s1 alkali degumming
putting 1kg of hemp into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, adding 12L of water, adding 96g of caustic soda, 36g of sodium sulfite, 24g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 24g of alkali-resistant penetrating agent, degumming for 100 minutes at the temperature of 110 ℃, and discharging the water;
S2, washing with hot water
Adding 12L of water, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
S3 peracid
Adding 12L of water, adding 12g of glacial acetic acid, cleaning for 10 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging the water;
S4 Cold Water washing
adding 12L of water, washing for 10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S5 enzyme degumming
Adding 12L of water, adding 2g of pectinase, 2g of hemicellulase and 4g of ligninase, degumming at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and discharging the water; (ii) a
s6, washing with hot water
Adding 12L of water, washing for 15 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
s7 Cold Water washing
Adding 12L of water, washing for 10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s8 oxygen bleaching
Adding 12L of water, 24g of caustic soda, 36g of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 24g of refining penetrant and 144g of hydrogen peroxide, bleaching for 40 minutes at the temperature of 100 ℃, and discharging water;
S9, washing with hot water
Adding 12L of water, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, and discharging the water;
S10 peracid
Adding 12L of water, adding 12g of glacial acetic acid, cleaning for 5 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging the water;
s11 Cold Water washing
Adding 12L of water, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s12, oil feeding
adding 12L of water, adding 25g of degummed oil and 25g of 10% film, soaking at 60 ℃ for 20 minutes, and discharging water;
S13, drying to obtain the refined dry ramie.
Comparative example 1
taking 1kg of hemp as an example, the traditional chemical degumming process method comprises the following steps:
S1, pickling
putting 1kg of hemp into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, adding 10L of water and 20g of sulfuric acid, reacting at 50 ℃ for 60 minutes, partially removing large-molecular-weight hemicellulose and insoluble pectin in the pectin through strong inorganic acid, and discharging water;
S2, washing with hot water
Adding 10L of water, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, removing residual sulfuric acid, and discharging water;
s3 Cold Water washing
Adding 10L of water, cleaning for 10 minutes at room temperature, removing residual sulfuric acid, and discharging water;
S4 alkali degumming
adding 10L of water, adding 150g of caustic soda, 30g of sodium sulfite, 20g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 20g of alkali-resistant penetrating agent, degumming for 120 minutes at the temperature of 130 ℃, and discharging water;
S5, washing with hot water
Same as step S2 of example 1;
s6, second hot water washing
Same as step S2 of example 1;
s7 Cold Water washing
Same as step S3 of example 1;
s8 oxygen bleaching
Same as step S8 of example 1;
S9, washing with hot water
same as step S9 of example 1;
S10 peracid
Same as step S10 of example 1;
S11 Cold Water washing
Same as step S11 of example 1;
S12, oil feeding
same as step S12 of example 1;
s13, same as step S12 of example 1.
comparative example 2
Taking 1kg of hemp as an example, the traditional chemical degumming process method comprises the following steps:
s1, pickling
putting 1kg of hemp into a constant-temperature water bath kettle, adding 8L of water and 16g of sulfuric acid, reacting at 50 ℃ for 60 minutes, partially removing large-molecular-weight hemicellulose and insoluble pectin in the pectin through strong inorganic acid, and discharging water;
s2, washing with hot water
Adding 8L of water, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, removing residual sulfuric acid, and discharging water;
S3 Cold Water washing
adding 8L of water, cleaning for 10 minutes at room temperature, removing residual sulfuric acid, and discharging water;
S4 alkali degumming
adding 8L of water, adding 120g of caustic soda, 24g of sodium sulfite, 16g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 16g of alkali-resistant penetrating agent, degumming for 150 minutes at the temperature of 130 ℃, and discharging water;
s5, washing with hot water
same as step S2 of embodiment 2;
s6, second hot water washing
Same as step S2 of embodiment 2;
S7 Cold Water washing
same as step S3 of embodiment 2;
S8 oxygen bleaching
Same as step S8 of embodiment 2;
S9, washing with hot water
Same as step S9 of embodiment 2;
S10 peracid
same as step S10 of embodiment 2;
s11 Cold Water washing
Same as step S11 of embodiment 2;
S12, oil feeding
Same as step S12 of embodiment 2;
S13, same as step S12 of example 2.
experimental example 1 detection of residual Gum Rate
The degummed hemp obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were respectively subjected to a residual gum rate test according to the GB/T18147.2-2000 hemp fiber test method part 2: the residual gum rate test method, the residual gum rate calculation formula is as follows:
W1＝(G3-G4)/G0×100
W2＝(G6-G5)/G0×100
W3＝W1+W2
In the formula:
w 1 — pectin and hemicellulose content of the sample,%;
w 2 — lignin content of sample,%;
W 3 -residual gum rate of sample,%;
G 0 -dry weight of sample after deoiling, G;
g 3 -total dry weight of sample and weighing bottle after deoiling, G;
g 4 -total dry weight of the sample and the weighing bottle after pectin and hemicellulose are removed, G;
G 5 -glass sand core filter dry weight, G;
G 6 -dry weight of lignin and glass yarn core filter of sample, G;
The results of the detection of the rate of residual hemp gum after degumming obtained by the methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1.
experimental example 2 Process fiber fineness measurement
The degummed hemp obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were subjected to the process fiber fineness detection according to the GB/T18147.4-2015 hemp fiber test method part 4: fineness test methods, the results of the fineness measurements of the degummed hemp process fibers obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in table 1.
Experimental example 3 detection of breaking Strength
The degummed hemp obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were respectively tested for breaking strength according to GB/T18147.5-2015 hemp test method part 5: breaking Strength test methods, examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 the breaking strength results of degummed hemp are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 residual gum rate, process fiber fineness, and breaking strength test results of degummed hemp
| name (R) | residual gum ratio (%) | Fiber fineness (tex) | Breaking strength (CN) |
| Example 1 | 3.5 | 0.98 | 31.1 |
| Example 2 | 3.8 | 1.02 | 31.1 |
| example 3 | 3.4 | 0.95 | 30.2 |
| comparative example 1 | 3.12 | 0.96 | 29.2 |
| comparative example 2 | 3.42 | 1.00 | 27.8 |
In conclusion, the hemp fiber degumming process method adopts a chemical-biological enzyme combined degumming process, the hemp residual gum rate after degumming is 3.4-3.8%, the process fiber fineness is 0.95-1.02tex, the breaking strength is 30.2-31.1CN, and the degumming effect is better. Compared with the traditional chemical degumming process (using a large amount of strong acid and strong base), the chemical degumming process has the advantages of reducing the consumption of chemical reagents, reducing the discharge of pollutants, having mild action conditions, reducing the damage to the hemp fibers only at lower temperature (50-60 ℃) and simultaneously improving the breaking strength of the hemp fibers.
the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, but such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a hemp fiber degumming process method is characterized by comprising the process steps of alkali degumming and enzyme degumming, wherein the enzymes used in the enzyme degumming step are pectinase, hemicellulase and ligninase, the dosage of the pectinase is 0.05-0.2% owf, the dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.05-0.2% owf, the dosage of the ligninase is 0.1-0.3% owf, the treatment temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the treatment time is 2.5-3.5 hours.
2. A process for degumming hemp fibers according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1 alkali degumming
adding water into the hemp according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding alkali liquor to degum at the temperature of 100-;
S2, washing with hot water
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, washing for 10-15 minutes at 90-95 ℃, and discharging the water;
s3 peracid
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding acid solution, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at 50-60 ℃, and discharging water;
s4 Cold Water washing
Adding water according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S5 enzyme degumming
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding the pectinase, hemicellulase and ligninase, degumming at 50-60 ℃ for 2.5-3.5 hours, and discharging the water;
s6, washing with hot water
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, washing for 10-15 minutes at 90-95 ℃, and discharging the water;
S7 Cold Water washing
adding water according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S8 oxygen bleaching
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding bleaching liquid, bleaching for 40-50 minutes at the temperature of 98-100 ℃, and discharging water;
s9, washing with hot water
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, washing for 10-15 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and discharging the water;
s10 peracid
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding acid solution, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at 50-60 ℃, and discharging water;
S11 Cold Water washing
Adding water according to the bath ratio of 1:8-12, cleaning for 5-10 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s12, oil feeding
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:8-12, adding degummed oil 2.5% of the weight of the hemp and a soft sheet 10% of the weight of the hemp, soaking at 50-60 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, and discharging the water;
s13, drying to obtain the refined dry ramie.
3. a hemp fiber degumming process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alkali solution used in the alkali degumming step comprises 8g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of sodium sulfite, 2g/L of sodium tripolyphosphate and 2g/L of alkali-resistant penetrant.
4. a process for degumming hemp fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of pectinase used in the enzymatic degumming step is 0.1% owf, the amount of hemicellulase is 0.1% owf and the amount of ligninase is 0.2% owf.
5. A process for degumming hemp fiber according to claim 3, wherein 2g/L of a non-ionic penetrant is further added in the enzymatic degumming step.
6. a hemp fiber degumming process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the acid solution of step S3 is glacial acetic acid with a concentration of 1 g/L.
7. A hemp fiber degumming process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bleaching solution of step S8 comprises 2g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 2g/L of refining penetrant and 12g/L of hydrogen peroxide.
8. A hemp degumming process according to any of the claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
s1 alkali degumming
adding water into hemp according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding alkali liquor, degumming for 120 minutes at a temperature of 105 ℃, and discharging water; the alkali liquor comprises 8g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of sodium sulfite, 2g/L of sodium tripolyphosphate and 2g/L of alkali-resistant penetrating agent;
s2, washing with hot water
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
S3 peracid
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding acid solution, washing for 5 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging water; the acid solution is glacial acetic acid with the concentration of 1 g/L;
s4 Cold Water washing
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S5 enzyme degumming
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding the pectinase, the hemicellulase, the ligninase and the non-ionic penetrant, degumming for 3 hours at the temperature of 55 ℃, and discharging the water; the dosage of the pectinase is 0.1% owf, the dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.1% owf, the dosage of the ligninase is 0.2% owf, and the concentration of the non-ionic penetrant is 2 g/L;
s6, washing with hot water
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃, and discharging the water;
s7 Cold Water washing
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
s8 oxygen bleaching
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding bleaching liquid, bleaching for 40 minutes at the temperature of 98 ℃, and discharging the water; the bleaching solution comprises 2g/L of caustic soda, 3g/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 2g/L of refining penetrant and 12g/L of hydrogen peroxide;
S9, washing with hot water
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 10 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃, and discharging the water;
S10 peracid
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding acid solution, washing for 5 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃, and discharging water; the acid solution is glacial acetic acid with the concentration of 1 g/L;
S11 Cold Water washing
adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, washing for 5 minutes at room temperature, and discharging the water;
S12, oil feeding
Adding water according to a bath ratio of 1:10, adding degummed oil accounting for 2.5% of the weight of the hemp and a soft sheet accounting for 10% of the weight of the hemp, soaking for 20 minutes at a temperature of 50 ℃, and discharging the water;
S13, drying to obtain the refined dry ramie.
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Application publication date: 20191210 |