CN102078026B

CN102078026B - Process for baking flue-cured tobacco by utilizing decimetre wave, microwave and saturated steam

Info

Publication number: CN102078026B
Application number: CN 200910102907
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯焕华
Original assignee: CHA MINGFU; WEN KEZHONG
Current assignee: CHA MINGFU; WEN KEZHONG
Priority date: 2009-11-26
Filing date: 2009-11-26
Publication date: 2013-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-26
Also published as: CN102078026A

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for baking flue-cure tobacco by utilizing decimetre wave, microwave and saturated steam, comprising the following steps: piling up tobacco leaves until the tobacco leaves get yellow; hanging and hoisting the tobacco leaves onto a flow conveying frame of a special decimetre wave braking device; heating and fixing colour; warming, braking and drying; and carrying out indoor dampening by utilizing the saturated steam. Process links are reduced, braking period is shortened, 4-5 labour forces can be saved every 500kg of dry tobacco, 60-80 hours are reduced, no braking risk is existed, the technology is easy to grasp, the production efficiency is high, the quality of braked tobacco leaf is high, colour is bright, nicotine is reduced, fragrance is increased, and tobacco stalk also can be utilized.

Description

With decimetric wave, saturated aqueous vapor baking tobacco workmanship

Technical field

The present invention relates to the baking technology of fresh tobacco leaf, relate in particular to decimetric wave, saturated aqueous vapor baking tobacco workmanship.

Background technology

The baking process of tradition fresh tobacco leaf is to adopt take coal as the energy, the each household tobacco grower sets up the drying room of a baking tobacco leaves, after the tobacco leaf of maturation plucked from the field, at first be with rope yarn tobacco bales to be tied on the cigarette pole, be called " upper pole ", the a collection of cigarette pole layering that has bundled is positioned in the bakery, closing door and skylight heats to 38 ℃, stablize and made tobacco leaf change yellow into from bottle green in 30-50 hour, this process is that " hanging Huang " is after most cigarette all turns to be yellow, slowly heating up makes the water content of tobacco leaf be lower than below 8% on tobacco leaf and vein oven dry baking thoroughly again, and slow cooling knocks out coal fire at last again.The cooling of wait nature eases back and descends a heatable brick bed again, and lower pole classification is put, packed, obtains the primary product of flue-cured tobacco in order and is sold to tobacco company.The construction of tobacco-roasting chamber has certain specification requirement, at first the supply of thermal source must be indirect, and can not directly heat, therefore just heat source stream must will be set threads a pipe, the flue gas of coal combustion can not directly be contacted with tobacco leaf, not only cost is high, and structure is also complicated, must professional contingent build, the tobacco grower generally is difficult for grasping the temperature of the stages of baking tobacco leaves, temperature also is not easy to grasp, usually because baking technology is grasped bad or do not passed a test, make the fruit of labour input in 1 year become the waste product that does not worth single cent, the tobacco grower is sustained a great loss.Baking cycle is long simultaneously generally needs 6-7 days.Moreover the position of different periods, different tobacco leaves, different kind are also variant on baking technology.Thereby technical very difficult grasp, very skilled personnel also are by rule of thumb, sometimes also can make a fault.Use the drying room baked by using fire coal, can produce a large amount of sulfur dioxide to environment.For the drawback that the baking method of above-mentioned traditional tobacco leaf exists, invented this technique through exploring for many years.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of with decimetric wave, saturated aqueous vapor baking tobacco workmanship.The operating process of this process is as follows:

One, will the field fully ripe tobacco leaf be placed in the storage smoke-box after plucking, the saturated air that adopts electric heating or baking to produce maintains the temperature at 33 ℃-43 ℃, relative humidity is at 40-80%, through 30-50 hour, allows the blade flavescence, enters roasting procedure when vein bleaches.

Two, the tobacco leaf with abundant flavescence hangs on the mobile carriage of special-purpose decimetric wave roasting plant;

1, start heating fixation: the tobacco leaf that is lifted on the baking flowing water carriage enters in the roasting plant, and temperature is from room temperature-100 ℃, relative humidity 40-80%, continue fixation time 5-60 second, Optimal Control reaches the activity of inhibitory enzyme in 5-30 second, tobacco leaf color is fixed, brown stain is no longer occured.

2, the drying of tobacco leaf: press tobacco leaf position, blade size, moisture content in leaves content height, the kind factor of tobacco, keep 50-100 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 40-98%, duration 1-240 minute, make blade, leaf stalk drying, making the water content of leaf stalk is 5-8%, constantly extract simultaneously the aqueous vapor that produces in the drying course out, and should saturated aqueous vapor be collected in the air storage chamber.

3, dry tobacco leaf is sent to the moisture regain smoke-box, utilize the saturated aqueous vapor in the air storage chamber that the tobacco leaf of drying is carried out aqueous vapor absorption moisture regain, make the tobacco leaf of baking no longer become brown and crisp, 10-30 minute moisture regain time, it is soft that quality becomes, make water content reach 15-17%, in order to classification packing, stock keeping, transportation, sell.

4, the special-purpose decimeter decimetric wave that light wave equipment uses with the baking flue-cured tobacco is 300 megahertzes-300G megahertz.

Adopt the beneficial effect of the technical program:

(1) shortened the baking cycle of flue-cured tobacco, every baking 500k g dry tobacco leaf can be saved 4-5 labour and shorten 60-80 hour stoving time;

(2) without the baking risk, technology is grasped easily, particularly give birth to the tobacco leaf on top and the special tobacco leaf routine fixation technology of heating and be difficult to determine that this technique thoroughly solves;

(3) the thermal source utilization rate is high;

(4) the good color of quality of tobacco of baking is vivid, orange colour is more, nicotine descends, fragrance increases, offal also can utilize.

The specific embodiment

Of the present invention with decimetric wave or the saturated aqueous vapor baking of microwave tobacco workmanship, its specific embodiment, repeat as follows again:

One, place the saturated air that adopts electric heating or baking to produce in the storage smoke-box after the ripe tobacco leaf in cigarette ground is plucked and maintain the temperature at 33 ℃-43 ℃, relative humidity continues 30-50 hour at 40-80%, makes tobacco leaf become yellow by green, and vein bleaches and enters the baking flow process.

Two, the tobacco leaf suspension with flavescence is lifted on the mobile carriage of special-purpose decimetric wave roasting plant, sends in the baking box;

1, open decimetric wave baking of flue-cured tobacco equipment to the tobacco leaf fixation, fixation temperature chamber temperature rise to 100 ℃, relative humidity 50-90%, fixes the color of tobacco leaf at time 5-60 second.

2, the drying of tobacco leaf: keep 50-100 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 50-90%, duration 1-240 minute, make blade and leaf stalk dry, water content reaches 5-8%, and the steam that produces in the simultaneously suction baking is collected in the air storage chamber aqueous vapor for subsequent use.

The tobacco leaf of 3, having dried is sent to the moisture regain smoke-box, utilizes the interior saturated aqueous vapor of air storage chamber that the tobacco leaf absorption aqueous vapor time of getting damp again fast of drying is 10-30 minute, and water content reaches 15-17%, so that classification is packed, stores, transported.

4, will produce the decimetric wave special use establishes frequency and transfers to 300 megahertzes-300G megahertz.

Claims

1. one kind with decimetric wave, saturated aqueous vapor baking tobacco workmanship, it is characterized in that: tobacco leaf is piled up flavescence; Suspension is lifted on the mobile carriage of decimetric wave Special Baking equipment, the heating fixation; The baking of heating is dry; The technique of humidifying tobaccos in the saturation water air chamber; A, tobacco leaf accumulation flavescence: placement was deposited in the storage smoke-box and maintains the temperature at 33-43 ℃ with electric heating or with toasting the saturated air that produces after the mature tobacco leaf in field was plucked, relative humidity 40-80%, made the tobacco leaf flavescence, and entered the baking flow process when vein bleaches in lasting 30-50 hour; B, tobacco leaf hang and are lifted on decimetric wave Special Baking equipment and flow on the carriage, and from room temperature-100 ℃, relative humidity 40-80% continues fixation time 5-60 second in Optical-wave roaster color temperature decided at the higher level but not officially announced; The decimetric wave frequency of using is 300 megahertzes-300G megahertz; C, baking drying: bake out temperature remains on 50-100 ℃, and duration 1-240 minute, making the tobacco leaf water content was 5-8%, and constantly extracts the aqueous vapor that drying course produces out; D, dry tobacco leaf are sent to the moisture regain chamber,, get damp again time 10-30 minute to dry tobacco leaf absorption moisture regain with saturated aqueous vapor, and the tobacco leaf water content reaches 15-17%, and the deliquescing of tobacco leaf quality is not brown and crisp.

According to claim 1 with decimetric wave, saturated aqueous vapor baking tobacco workmanship, it is characterized in that: described lasting fixation time 5-30 second.