CN104223343B - Bulk curing method for flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Bulk curing method for flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN104223343B CN104223343B CN201410467111.3A CN201410467111A CN104223343B CN 104223343 B CN104223343 B CN 104223343B CN 201410467111 A CN201410467111 A CN 201410467111A CN 104223343 B CN104223343 B CN 104223343B
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- nicotiana tabacum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a convenient and efficient bulk curing method for flue-cured tobacco, and belongs to a curing or preparation method for the flue-cured tobacco. The method comprises the steps of tobacco harvesting, rod tying or tobacco clamping, loading on a heatable brick bed, preparation for curing, yellowing, color fixing and killing-out of a conventional method. The method has the characteristics that tobacco is controlled to be fully yellowed in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and is bright in color; main moisture exhaust drying temperature is fixed to be 44 DEG C, and color is fixed under low humidity and high moisture exhaust rate. Compared with the conventional curing method, the method has the advantages that the cured tobacco is bright and shining in color; tobacco with green stems and ash is reduced or eliminated; the tobacco is high in flexibility and softness; tobacco with diseases and special tobacco can also be cured to be yellow and scented; the tobacco of more than two parts and different maturities in the same curing barn can be cured; the curing method is simple, high in operability and easy to master and accept by curing personnel; the curing time is shortened by 10 to 15 hours; the tobacco curing quality and benefits are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to baking of flue-cured tobacco or modulator approach.
Background technology
Flue-cured tobacco is the Important Economic crop of China, and Annual planting area is more than 1,000,000 hectares." baking " is cured tobacco production
Important step, as the saying goes " flue-cured tobacco is a treasured, and baking is bad to be a grass ".The purpose of baking is to ensure that field is formed to greatest extent
Quality of tobacco, to adapt to the demand to raw tobacco material for the Cigarette Industrial Enterprise, realize the maximization of tobacco grower's productivity effect.And toast
Often cured tobacco production is most difficult to assurance, operating technology has high demands, most important production link.In annual leaf tobacco production, due to
Toast the improper loss causing and account for more than 15%." the three-stage intensive baking process " of existing employing or " the intensive baking of three section of six step
Numerous baking method such as curing process " (technique or technology), operation is complex, and tobacco grower is difficult to grasp, and can not be to greatest extent
Ground ensures field quality of tobacco, such as bakes that Nicotiana tabacum L. color and luster is not good, micro- green grass or young crops cigarette, dust cigarette are many, some sick leaves, special Nicotiana tabacum L. can not be baked
Go out better effects etc.；" baking box ", " roasting despot ", dissipate leaf and pile up baking, dissipate leaf sign inserting and pile up baking method or the techniques such as baking, exist
Nicotiana tabacum L. dries the bending of rear cage bar, blade does not actuate, blade boundary is hard, be difficult moisture regain, the problems such as Cigarette Industrial Enterprise does not like.
Baking of flue-cured tobacco has many new processes, and that has applied for a patent has：200710077916.7 number《Scattered leaf is intensive
Formula curing process of flue-curing barn》, belong to low humidity baking；201110406197.5 number《Three-section and five-step bulk curing process for flue-cured tobacco》,
For common extension leaf baking；201210327964.8 number《Flue-cured tobacco loose-leaf curing " three ladder seven footwork "》Flue-cured tobacco process is divided into
Three stage seven step is carried out；201410146289.9 number《A kind of flue-cured tobacco loose-leaf curing " nine steps are bent " technique》, for improving after baking
The inside and outside quality of cured tobacco leaf.These technology respectively have effect in cured tobacco production, but can't solve aforesaid prior art
Not enough.
Content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of flue-cured tobacco dense drying method, break through people to the traditional understanding of baking of flue-cured tobacco and tradition
Theory, makes flue-cured tobacco dense drying method simpler, workable, and tobacco grower or the professional team member of baking grasp well, are easily accepted by, and bake
Quality of tobacco is good, ensures field quality of tobacco to greatest extent, meets the Nicotiana tabacum L. market demand, improves tobacco grower and plants cigarette benefit.
Inventor provide baking method, baking process have conventional method tobacco leaf picking, tie up pole or folder cigarette, dress a heatable brick bed,
Prepare before roasting, the present invention has carried out invention and updated in the changing yellow stage of most critical, fixation stage, be more beneficial in recent years popularizing in an all-round way is close
Diversity barn has given play to baking potentiality and advantage, and its feature is to control Nicotiana tabacum L. to turn yellow fully in hot and humid environment, and color and luster is fresh
Gorgeous；The dry-bulb temperature of major control dehumidifying is scheduled on 44 DEG C；Concrete control is as follows：
The operational control of moisturizing yellowing stage is：Igniting, fires small fire, sets 35～36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, programming rate 1
DEG C/1h, surely warm 5～6h, the full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. of preheating, it is ensured that the levels temperature difference is basically identical, make Nicotiana tabacum L. start flavescence of sprouting；Reset
Dry-bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature are 42 DEG C, and dry bulb programming rate is 1 DEG C/1h, surely warm 35～45h, and heat and moisture preserving, using intensive
The force ventilated function of barn blower fan, makes Nicotiana tabacum L. to spilling water in barn under higher yellowing temperature, reaches high humidity in barn, warm and humid
Degree is uniform to be required, and makes full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. complete moisturizing when reaching 8～9 one-tenth yellow (4～5 pairs of offshoots of phyllopodium contain green grass or young crops) and turns yellow；
The operational control of the color range that is ranked soon section is：After completing moisturizing flavescence, from the beginning of 42 DEG C, coal very hot oven；Afterwards, handss
Dynamic unlatching moisture exhausting port, first opens 1/3, sets 1 DEG C/1h of programming rate, rise to 44 DEG C；Set 44 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature 35
DEG C, standard-sized sheet dehumidifying shutter, close circulating air opening or turnover panel 1/4, with all strength quick force dehumidifying, realize wet bulb temperature in 3h from 42
DEG C drop to 35 DEG C, blade surface no-watermark；Dry-bulb temperature continues to stablize at 44 DEG C, 35～36 DEG C of wet bulb temperature, reaches surely temperature row
Wet, after full a heatable brick bed half reel of being sure to, dry-bulb temperature just can exceed that 45 DEG C；After full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. half reel or soft reel, with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h
Degree rises dry-bulb temperature to 47 DEG C, and wet bulb temperature keeps 37 DEG C～38 DEG C, stable temperature wet bulb temperature 15～20h, promotes Nicotiana tabacum L. cage bar
Bleach flavescence, then rise dry-bulb temperature to 52 DEG C surely warm 10～15h it is ensured that Nicotiana tabacum L. positive and negative aberration is basically identical, increase Nicotiana tabacum L.
Aroma substance.
In the operational control of above-mentioned moisturizing yellowing stage, the requirement of described heat and moisture preserving is if Nicotiana tabacum L. is aqueous few, such as dry
Tobacco, after autumn upper smoke, can water, to ensure wet bulb temperature in barn into barn.
Inventor points out：The baking method flavescence mechanism of the present invention is：Below 50 DEG C, wet bulb is not less than 37 DEG C of masters to Nicotiana tabacum L.
Muscle all can turn yellow.High humidity under intensive barn curing is airtight turns yellow, and is in steam flow circulation, Nicotiana tabacum L. is substantially in anoxia in barn
Under hungry decompose change, under anaerobic or oxygen rareness, browning reaction condition does not possess, although high humidity also will not occur more
Milkproduct enzymatic reaction.Hot and humid environment, favourable Nicotiana tabacum L. turns yellow fully, yellow or golden yellow lovely luster, whole a heatable brick bed simultaneously
Interior differing maturity Nicotiana tabacum L. or special Nicotiana tabacum L., under the higher temperatures area and high humidity environment of xanthochromia, can turn yellow on uniformity ground, from
And reduce or eliminate the blue or green cigarette that existing baking method easily causes or micro- green grass or young crops cigarette, also solve that to bake Nicotiana tabacum L. color and luster not vivid
The effect that problem, some field diseases Nicotiana tabacum Lves or special Nicotiana tabacum L. also can bake.It changes existing baking method Nicotiana tabacum L. xanthochromia
During require to have that humiture is poor, Nicotiana tabacum L. such as feels like jelly at the requirement again while have main transformer Huang temperature section, turn yellow, and causes Nicotiana tabacum L. flavescence not
Fully, not bright-coloured, inconsistent the problems such as, operation is also simpler, easily-controllable.This moisturizing yellowing stage, although do not have humiture
Difference or humiture difference seldom, but it is true that this method makes better use of the characteristic of forced ventilation bulk curing barn, allow in Nicotiana tabacum L.
In the exuberant barn to outside Nicotiana tabacum L. of portion's moisture, while moisturizing has turned yellow, tobacco leaf and cage bar are also feel like jelly, partly lead
Muscle does not feel like jelly or feels like jelly insufficient, also can be resolved in the fast row's Earlier stage of fixing color entering 44 DEG C of dry-bulb temperatures.
44 DEG C of dry-bulb temperatures of the baking method of present invention color mechanism that is ranked soon is：Less than 45 DEG C polyphenol oxidase activities are low,
Although there being oxygen to enter during dehumidifying, taking 44 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature fixations, making wet bulb temperature be down to less than 37 DEG C in 3h, enzymatic palm fibre
When colorization reaction has little time to carry out or carry out on a small quantity, complete fixation task due to a large amount of dehumidifying.During standard-sized sheet moistureproof window, fixation
Temperature be still 44 DEG C, 34 DEG C～35 DEG C of wet bulb, wet bulb temperature is low not to possess browning reaction condition, and dehumidifying is fast in addition, and Nicotiana tabacum L. takes off
Water fixation is fast, and cured tobacco leaf is vivid, turns yellow fully, roasting rear blade is soft, Nicotiana tabacum L. presentation quality is good, and chemical composition is also assisted in addition
Adjust, sucking quality is also good.
The inventive method has two features compared with existing baking method：One is to control Nicotiana tabacum L. abundant in hot and humid environment
Flavescence, lovely luster；Two is that main dehumidifying dry-bulb temperature is scheduled on 44 DEG C, and low humidity, be ranked color soon, favorably controls browning reaction,
It is also beneficial to material in leaf to convert further.
The inventive method has advantages below compared with existing baking method：One is that cured tobacco leaf color is vivid；Two is blue or green
Muscle, dust Nicotiana tabacum L. reduce or nothing；Three be blade actuate, flexibility good；Four is that disease leaf, special Nicotiana tabacum L. also can scalding, roasting perfume；Five are
Same barn fills 2 Nicotiana tabacum Lves with upper bit and differing maturity can be baked；Six is that baking method is simple, workable,
Baking personnel easily grasp, are easily accepted by；Seven is that baking time shortens 10～15h；Eight is baking tobacco leaves quality and benefit improves.Through examination
Test, demonstrating shows, compared with this baking method baking method existing with row, first-class cigarette improves 9.6%, upper medium grade cigarette and improves 4.1%, list
Leaf galassing all increases by 0.4～0.6g, and benefit increases the dry cigarette of 3.50 yuan/kg；Bake tobacco leaf chemical composition and existing baking method base
This is consistent, in sound tobacco optimum range.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flue-cured tobacco intensive baking process figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment：Implement the inventive method by following steps：
(1) tobacco leaf picking：Require field Nicotiana tabacum L. to reach harvesting during technical maturity, accomplish whole a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. seedling-forming rate in field as far as possible
Unanimously, to improve the baking quality of whole a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L.；
(2) tie up pole or folder cigarette：Carry out classification by overdone, ripe, undercure and tie up cigarette or folder cigarette, accomplish homogeneity with pole or same as far as possible
Matter is with folder；The 8cm sky pole head not tying up cigarette or folder cigarette is left at pole or folder two, forms wind-tunnel, shadow after preventing sky pole head long dress a heatable brick bed
Rehearse with musical accompaniment wet；
(3) fill a heatable brick bed：Require to harvest and fill a heatable brick bed in one day to terminate, ripe good Nicotiana tabacum L. dress high-temperature region, the Nicotiana tabacum L. of ripe difference is contained in
Low-temperature space；Dress smoke is controlled to be every a heatable brick bed (2.7m × 8m × 3 layer bulk curing barn) 360～410 poles, cigarette 160～180 tied up by every pole,
Low-temperature space dress cigarette suitably fills dilute, pole away from 15～18cm, and remaining dress cigarette district pole is away from 12～14cm.
(4) prepare before baking：One be igniting before prepare, after installing a heatable brick bed, take out dehumidifying turnover panel electric wire or setting wet bulb temperature value with
Dry-bulb temperature value consistent it is ensured that dehumidifying turnover panel is not opened in yellowing stage so that Nicotiana tabacum L. fully carries out moisturizing flavescence；Airtight good door
Window is it is ensured that barn is air tight；Two have been equipped with electromotor and fuel oil, prevent from having a power failure during big dehumidifying；
(5) moisturizing yellowing stage operation：Igniting, combustion small fire, 35 DEG C～36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature of setting, 1 DEG C/1h of programming rate,
Surely warm 5～6h, the full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. of preheating, it is ensured that the levels temperature difference is basically identical, make Nicotiana tabacum L. start flavescence of sprouting；Reset dry bulb,
Wet bulb temperature is 42 DEG C, and dry bulb programming rate is 1 DEG C/1h, surely warm 35～45h, and heat and moisture preserving is (if Nicotiana tabacum L. is aqueous few, such as
Arid cigarette, after autumn upper smoke, can water, to ensure wet bulb temperature in barn into barn), forced logical using bulk curing barn blower fan
The function of wind, makes Nicotiana tabacum L. to spilling water in barn under higher yellowing temperature, reaches high humidity in barn, humiture uniformly requires,
Full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. is made to reach 8～9 one-tenth Huangs, that is, 4～5 pairs of offshoots of phyllopodium complete moisturizing flavescence when containing blue or green.
(6) be ranked color stages operating soon：After completing moisturizing flavescence task, from the beginning of 42 DEG C, plus good coal, burn big fire, defensive position
Dynamic unlatching moisture exhausting port, first opens 1/3, sets 1 DEG C/1h of programming rate, be raised to 44 DEG C；Set 44 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature 35
DEG C, standard-sized sheet dehumidifying shutter, close circulating air opening or turnover panel 1/4, with all strength quick force dehumidifying, realize wet bulb temperature in 3h from 42
DEG C drop to 35 DEG C, blade surface no-watermark；Dry-bulb temperature continues to stablize in 44 DEG C, 35 DEG C～36 DEG C of wet bulb temperature, reaches steady temperature
Dehumidifying, after must making full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. half reel, dry-bulb temperature just can exceed that 45 DEG C；After full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. half reel, with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h
Degree is raised to 47 DEG C, and wet bulb temperature keeps 37 DEG C～38 DEG C, stable temperature, wet bulb temperature 15～20h, promotes into Nicotiana tabacum L. cage bar and becomes leucismus
Huang, then rise dry-bulb temperature to 52 DEG C surely warm 10～15h it is ensured that Nicotiana tabacum L. positive and negative aberration is basically identical, increase tabacco fragrance thing
Matter；
(7) the dry muscle stage：Dry-bulb temperature does not surpass 68 DEG C, 40 DEG C～41 DEG C of wet bulb temperature, gradually turns down air inlet, moisture exhausting port,
But can not be fully closed, anti-high humidity is baked red.
It can be seen that：Nicotiana tabacum L. is controlled to turn yellow fully in hot and humid environment, bright in colour, it is break-through point and the key point of the present invention
One of；Main dehumidifying dry-bulb temperature is scheduled on 44 DEG C, is another breakthrough point and the key point of the present invention.It changes traditional or existing
The requirement to humiture of baking method or technique fixation stage and fixation stage, Nicotiana tabacum L. change require.
The method of the present invention is named as：" YJ-42.44 flue-cured tobacco dense drying method ".
Claims (2)
1. a kind of flue-cured tobacco dense drying method, has tobacco leaf picking, ties up pole or folder cigarette, fills a heatable brick bed, prepare before baking, moisturizing turns yellow, soon
Be ranked color, and dry muscle step is it is characterised in that controlling Nicotiana tabacum L. to turn yellow fully in hot and humid environment, bright in colour；By major control
The dry-bulb temperature of dehumidifying is scheduled on 44 DEG C；Concrete operations control as follows：
The operational control of moisturizing yellowing stage is：Igniting, combustion small fire, 35～36 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature of setting, 1 DEG C/1h of programming rate,
Surely warm 5～6h, the full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. of preheating, it is ensured that the levels temperature difference is consistent, make Nicotiana tabacum L. start flavescence of sprouting；Reset dry bulb, wet bulb
Temperature is 42 DEG C, and dry bulb programming rate is 1 DEG C/1h, surely warm 35～45h, and heat and moisture preserving is forced logical using bulk curing barn blower fan
The function of wind, makes Nicotiana tabacum L. to spilling water in barn under higher yellowing temperature, reaches high humidity in barn, humiture uniformly requires,
Make full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. when reaching 8～9 one-tenth Huangs, complete moisturizing to turn yellow；
The operational control of the color range that is ranked soon section is：After completing moisturizing flavescence, from the beginning of 42 DEG C, coal very hot oven；Afterwards, open manually
Open moisture exhausting port, first open 1/3, set 1 DEG C/1h of programming rate, rise to 44 DEG C；Set 44 DEG C of dry-bulb temperature, 35 DEG C of hygropyrexia, standard-sized sheet is arranged
Wet shutter, closes circulating air opening or turnover panel 1/4, and quick pressure dehumidifying, realizes wet bulb temperature in 3h and drop to 35 from 42 DEG C with all strength
DEG C, blade surface no-watermark；Dry-bulb temperature continues to stablize at 44 DEG C, 35～36 DEG C of hygropyrexia, reaches surely warm dehumidifying, must full a heatable brick bed half
After reel, dry-bulb temperature just can exceed that 45 DEG C；After full a heatable brick bed Nicotiana tabacum L. half reel or soft reel, dry-bulb temperature is risen with the speed of 1 DEG C/1h
To 47 DEG C, hygropyrexia keeps 37 DEG C～38 DEG C, stablize humiture 15～20h, promotes Nicotiana tabacum L. cage bar to bleach flavescence, then liter dry bulb temperature
Spend to 52 DEG C surely warm 10～15h it is ensured that Nicotiana tabacum L. positive and negative aberration is consistent, increase tabacco fragrance material.
2. the method for claim 1 is it is characterised in that in the operational control of moisturizing yellowing stage, the requirement of described moisturizing
It is：Dry-bulb temperature is consistent with wet bulb temperature, for arid cigarette, the after autumn aqueous relatively little of Nicotiana tabacum L. of upper smoke, waters into barn,
To ensure wet bulb temperature in barn.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410467111.3A CN104223343B (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2014-09-15 | Bulk curing method for flue-cured tobacco |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410467111.3A CN104223343B (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2014-09-15 | Bulk curing method for flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN104223343A CN104223343A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| CN104223343B true CN104223343B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| CN201410467111.3A Expired - Fee Related CN104223343B (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2014-09-15 | Bulk curing method for flue-cured tobacco |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107348555A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-17 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of higher fire-cured tobacco type tobacco leaf preparation method of water content |
| CN111657531B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-09-13 | 云南省烟草公司文山州公司 | High-temperature yellowing, cooling and color fixing baking process for reducing ash hanging of tobacco leaves |
| CN113854615B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-09-30 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Tobacco leaf baking method and application |
| CN114931229B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-05-23 | 广东省烟草科学研究所 | Dense baking process for She Junyi-based fixation of whole flue-cured tobacco |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102960843A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-03-13 | 遵义市烟草公司绥阳县分公司 | Process for performing dispersed leaf stacking aroma curing by adopting eight-step operation on tobacco leaf curing controller |
| CN103564635A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-12 | 河南农业大学 | Baking process of comb-type tobacco clamps |
| CN103704868A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-09 | 四川省烟草公司泸州市公司 | Method for roasting high-temperature drought premature tobacco leaves |
| CN103892430A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-02 | 钟启德 | Tobacco leaf curing process of intensive curing barn |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01289475A (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1989-11-21 | Sanshu Sangyo Kk | Drying of leaf tobacco |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102960843A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-03-13 | 遵义市烟草公司绥阳县分公司 | Process for performing dispersed leaf stacking aroma curing by adopting eight-step operation on tobacco leaf curing controller |
| CN103564635A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-12 | 河南农业大学 | Baking process of comb-type tobacco clamps |
| CN103704868A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-09 | 四川省烟草公司泸州市公司 | Method for roasting high-temperature drought premature tobacco leaves |
| CN103892430A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-02 | 钟启德 | Tobacco leaf curing process of intensive curing barn |
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