CN102511917B - Tobacco flue-curing method for bulk curing barn - Google Patents
Tobacco flue-curing method for bulk curing barn Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco modulation, in particular to a tobacco flue-curing method for a bulk curing barn. The flue-curing process of the tobacco flue-curing method includes a yellowing period, a withering period, a stem yellowing period, a tobacco leaf drying period and a stem drying period according to factors such as dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, drying time, heating rate, variable speed ventilation and tobacco leaf change targets, a color fixing period in the traditional tobacco flue-curing method is prolonged at a fixed point and steady temperature under the condition of hot air circulation, and sufficient decomposition and transformation of amylum, protein and other macromolecular substances in tobacco leaves and forming of aromatic matters are promoted. The tobacco flue-curing method for the bulk curing barn is easy to operate, safe and secure, can keep tobacco leaf yellow to be stable, leaf shrinking degree to be good, oil content to be increased and tobacco leaf aromatic amount to be increased greatly, further can reduce or avoid tobacco leaf roasting damage of green smoke roasting, ash smoke hanging, black bad smoke, lousy smoke roasting and the like, and can obtain high-quality tobacco leaves through roasting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flue-cured tobacco modulation technique field, be specifically related to a kind of tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing.
Background technology
In the bake process of tobacco leaf, intensive barn curing is due to smoke filling density large (be traditional flue-curing barn smoke filling density 3～4 times), use blower fan to carry out forced ventilation, hot air circulation, carrying out humiture controls automatically, there is the joint work and fall originally, reduce the advantages such as labour intensity, adapted to the new situations of cured tobacco production sustainable development and modern tobacco agriculture, represented the developing direction of baking equipment for preparatory treatment of tobacco from now on.
At present intensive barn curing is carried out is still the syllogic tobacco flue-curing method, the method is after the tobacco leaf flavescence, just rapid intensification fixation, baking time shortened to some extent than the time of traditional flue-curing barn baking tobacco leaves, cause the macromolecular compound fully do not decomposed to be fixed in the tobacco leaf cell, after baking, tobacco leaf occurs that color is light, stiff, smooth, even roasting blue or green often, and the fragrance deficiency, and baking quality of tobacco descends.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing, use the method baking tobacco leaves can access the more tobacco leaf of high-quality.
The invention provides a kind of tobacco flue-curing method, comprising:
Changing yellow stage, it comprises that the speed with 1 ℃/h is heated up after igniting, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 37-39 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 35.5-36.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, until heat zone tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 7-8, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 5-6, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches when 3-4 becomes and starts to turn fire;
The wilting phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.33-0.5 ℃/h is heated up, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41-43 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 36.5-37.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, be crimped to soft reel state until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf dehydration reach the hook point, a middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins and starts to hook point, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9;
Become the muscle phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.5-0.67 ℃/h is heated up, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45-47 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 37.5-38.5 ℃, extend 24-36 hour under this temperature and humidity condition, make the complete flavescence of the residual cyan of whole tobacco leaves, the circulating fan used by intensive barn curing is strengthened ventilation dewetting, until the dehydration of heat zone tobacco leaf reaches rouleau tubular state, the middle temperature layer complete flavescence of tobacco leaf dehydration reach soft reel state, and the cryosphere tobacco leaf only remains the micro-band green grass or young crops of master, lateral vein of tobacco leaf and starts to hook sharp crimping;
The cured leaf phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.5-1 ℃/h is heated up, and dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51-53 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is raised to 38.5-39.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, until all tobacco leaf extends 10-12 hour after reaching parent roll again under this temperature and humidity condition;
Drying muscle stage; it comprises that the speed with 1 ℃/h is heated up; dry-bulb temperature is raised to 64-66 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 41.5-42.5 ℃, wherein; in the temperature-rise period of dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature; after dry-bulb temperature surpasses 60 ℃, turn down gradually the shutter of intensive barn curing, when dry-bulb temperature is raised to after 64-66 ℃; keep temperature and humidity, until the absolutely dry rear truce of tobacco leaf master pulse.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described tobacco flue-curing method is for the bottom leaf of baking tobacco leaves.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described wilting interim, described maintenance temperature and humidity, until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf, dehydration reaches the hook point and is crimped to soft reel state, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, and start to hook sharp, cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9 and becomes to comprise: keep described temperature and humidity, after reaching the pornographic movie blue veins, the heat zone tobacco leaf extends again 8-12 hour under this temperature and humidity condition, until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf, dehydration reaches the hook point and is crimped to soft reel state, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins and starts to hook point, cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described tobacco flue-curing method is for middle leaf and the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves;
Describedly extend and comprise in 8-12 hour under this temperature and humidity condition again: extend 8-10 hour during middle leaf at baking tobacco leaves; And/or, extend 10-12 hour when the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, interim at described change muscle, describedly dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45-47 ℃ comprises:
At the bottom of baking tobacco leaves Ye Shi, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 45 ℃; And/or, when the middle leaf of baking tobacco leaves, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ℃; And/or, when the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 47 ℃.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in described changing yellow stage and/or described cured leaf phase and/or described drying muscle stage, the rotating speed of the circulating fan that intensive barn curing is used is 960 rev/mins.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, interim in described wilting phase and/or described change muscle, the rotating speed of the circulating fan that intensive barn curing is used is 1440 rev/mins.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, at described changing yellow stage and/or described wilting interim, the humidity in intensive barn curing beyond the predetermined moisture scope time, makes the humidity in intensive barn curing reach predetermined moisture by humidification or dehumidification.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described tobacco flue-curing method adopts intensive barn curing flue-cured tobacco humiture automatic control system to carry out Temperature and Humidity Control.
By tobacco flue-curing method provided by the invention, can bring following beneficial effect:
1. baking obtains the tobacco leaf of high-quality.Tobacco flue-curing method of the present invention by the baking overall process according to dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, baking time, programming rate, speed change is ventilated, the factors such as tobacco leaf variation targets are divided into changing yellow stage, the wilting phase, become the muscle phase, five periods of cured leaf phase and drying muscle stage, and under the condition of hot air circulation, the steady temperature of the fixed point of the fixation stage in traditional tobacco flue-curing method is extended, promote tobacco leaf starch, the formation of the abundant decomposition and inversion of the macromolecular substances such as protein and aroma substance, make the slow flavescence of tobacco leaf, inner macromolecular substances and aroma substance transform more abundant, baking obtains the more tobacco leaf of high-quality.
2. improve the junior tobacco leaf presentation quality.The time of wilting phase when the present invention extends baking tobacco leaves, change muscle phase, promote the abundant decomposition and inversion of chlorophyll-protein complexes that tobacco leaf includes, and tobacco increases, and roasting blue or green cigarette reduces; Extend the time of cured leaf phase, tobacco leaf color is deepened, orange cigarette increases, and the lemon tobacco reduces, and oil content increases; By the high and low rotating speed of conversion cycle blower fan, the low-grade wind speed of changing yellow stage, promote the slow flavescence of tobacco leaf, and wilting phase and change muscle phase are used high-grade wind speed, strengthen ventilation dewetting, avoids browning reaction to occur, and avoids tobacco leaf roasting black.
3. improve the junior tobacco leaf chemical quality.Wilting phase when the present invention extends baking tobacco leaves, change time muscle phase, realize the inner a series of macromolecular compounds of tobacco leaf decomposition and inversion as abundant as pigment, starch and protein etc., thereby promote to make the tobacco leaf chemical quality reach optimum state.
4. improve the junior tobacco leaf sucking quality.Wilting phase when the present invention extends baking tobacco leaves, change muscle phase have promoted formation and the accumulation of tabacco fragrance hyle; The time of cured leaf phase while extending baking tobacco leaves, promote formation and the accumulation of tabacco fragrance material; Reduce cured leaf phase and the barn temperature of drying muscle stage and the rotating speed of circulating fan, make under hot air circulation, reduce the volatilization of volatile aroma material and scatter and disappear, tabacco fragrance is denseer, improves the sucking quality of junior tobacco leaf.
The accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in below describing is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawing illustrated embodiments other embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
The block diagram that Fig. 1 is a kind of embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of various embodiments of the present invention is carried out to clear, complete description, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills are resulting all other embodiment under the prerequisite of not making creative work, all belong to the scope that the present invention protects.
The invention provides a kind of tobacco flue-curing method, comprising:
Changing yellow stage, it comprises that the speed with 1 ℃/h is heated up after igniting, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 37-39 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 35.5-36.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, until heat zone tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 7-8, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 5-6, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches when 3-4 becomes and starts to turn fire;
The wilting phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.33-0.5 ℃/h is heated up, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41-43 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 36.5-37.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, be crimped to soft reel state until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf dehydration reach the hook point, a middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins and starts to hook point, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9;
Become the muscle phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.5-0.67 ℃/h is heated up, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45-47 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 37.5-38.5 ℃, extend 24-36 hour under this temperature and humidity condition, make the complete flavescence of the residual cyan of whole tobacco leaves, the circulating fan used by intensive barn curing is strengthened ventilation dewetting, until the dehydration of heat zone tobacco leaf reaches rouleau tubular state, the middle temperature layer complete flavescence of tobacco leaf dehydration reach soft reel state, and the cryosphere tobacco leaf only remains the micro-band green grass or young crops of master, lateral vein of tobacco leaf and starts to hook sharp crimping;
The cured leaf phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.5-1 ℃/h is heated up, and dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51-53 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is raised to 38.5-39.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, until all tobacco leaf extends 10-12 hour after reaching parent roll again under this temperature and humidity condition;
Drying muscle stage; it comprises that the speed with 1 ℃/h is heated up; dry-bulb temperature is raised to 64-66 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 41.5-42.5 ℃, wherein; in the temperature-rise period of dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature; after dry-bulb temperature surpasses 60 ℃, turn down gradually the shutter of intensive barn curing, when dry-bulb temperature is raised to after 64-66 ℃; keep temperature and humidity, until the absolutely dry rear truce of tobacco leaf master pulse.
The present invention is directed to the intensive barn curing of applying now and propose a kind of tobacco flue-curing method, can improve traditional baking method, the tobacco leaf upgrading flavouring that intensive barn curing is toasted out.Intensive barn curing can be divided into air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn and airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn by airflow direction, and the present invention can be applied to air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn and airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn simultaneously.
For the bottom tobacco leaf in air-flow rising-type bulk curing barn and airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn, centre leaves and top layer tobacco leaf, can be divided into according to the different temperatures in the tobacco leaf space of living in of putting into barn heat zone, middle temperature layer and cryosphere.
By it, the growth position difference in the cigarette strain is divided into upper leaf, middle leaf and bottom leaf to tobacco leaf, and upper leaf, middle leaf are different with bottom leaf maturation time, toast in batches.
Intensive barn curing has the hot blast generation chamber, in the hot blast generation chamber, disposes circulating fan.By circulating fan, barn is carried out to hot air circulation, make the interior humiture of barn more even, the tobacco leaf variation reaches unanimity.
Baking time in wilting phase of the present invention, change muscle phase and corresponding traditional baking method of cured leaf phase is shorter, although from the appearance, the color of flavescence is up to standard, but through chemical detection, inner macromolecular substances transforms insufficient, yellow and unconverted fully, as the chlorophyll 80%-90% that only degraded, the starch decomposition and inversion 55%-65%, the protein decomposition and inversion 20%-30%.Of the present invention wilting interim, baking bottom Ye Shi because inner macromolecular substances is less, easily transforms, without time expand when baking; And when baking upper leaf and middle leaf, because the inner macromolecular substances of upper leaf and middle leaf is more, be difficult for transforming, need to extend under this temperature and humidity condition 8-12 hour after the heat zone tobacco leaf reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, the chlorophyll-protein complexes that can promote tobacco leaf to include fully transforms again; Change muscle of the present invention is interim, extends 24-36 hour under the temperature and humidity condition required, and conventional method only extends 18-24 hour usually, and it is more abundant that the present invention can make the inner macromolecular substances of tobacco leaf transform, and tobacco increases, and roasting blue or green cigarette reduces; Cured leaf of the present invention is interim, until all tobacco leaf extends 10-12 hour after reaching parent roll again under the temperature and humidity condition required, because the cured leaf phase is the period that aroma substance forms, extend the time of cured leaf phase, can make the inner aroma substance that fully forms of tobacco leaf, the tobacco leaf flavouring that baking is obtained, simultaneously, extend the time of cured leaf phase, can make tobacco leaf color deepen, orange cigarette increases, and the lemon tobacco reduces, and oil content increases.
The cured leaf phase is the period that aroma substance forms, and during drying muscle stage, aroma substance has basically formed fully, so the present invention has reduced the dry-bulb temperature of cured leaf phase and drying muscle stage, suppresses the volatilization of the aroma substance of formation.
The programming rate of changing yellow stage and drying muscle stage is controlled at 1 ℃/h, and the programming rate of wilting phase, change muscle phase and cured leaf phase has specific (special) requirements.Speed in the wilting phase with 0.33-0.5 ℃/h heats up, and within every 2-3 hour, heats up 1 ℃, for example selects the programming rate of 0.5 ℃/h; Becoming the speed intensification of muscle phase with 0.5-0.67 ℃/h, within every 2 hours, heat up and heat up 2 ℃ for 1 ℃ or every 3 hours, for example select the programming rate of 0.5 ℃/h; Speed in the cured leaf phase with 0.5-1 ℃/h heats up, and within every 1-2 hour, heats up 1 ℃, for example selects the programming rate of 0.5 ℃/h.
In baking method of the present invention, at changing yellow stage, wilting phase, change muscle phase, cured leaf phase and drying muscle stage, in the process heated up at dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is also being heated up.
Becoming the muscle phase, the tobacco leaf of cryosphere will be baked to and approach complete yellowly and start to hook sharp crimping, and only surplus tobacco leaf master, the micro-band of lateral vein green grass or young crops are to approach complete yellow a kind ofly, and for example, when the cryosphere tobacco leaf, only during surplus main, the micro-band green grass or young crops of lateral vein, cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 9-10 one-tenth.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described tobacco flue-curing method is for the bottom leaf of baking tobacco leaves.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described wilting interim, described maintenance temperature and humidity, until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf, dehydration reaches the hook point and is crimped to soft reel state, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, and start to hook sharp, cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9 and becomes to comprise: keep described temperature and humidity, after reaching the pornographic movie blue veins, the heat zone tobacco leaf extends again 8-12 hour under this temperature and humidity condition, until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf, dehydration reaches the hook point and is crimped to soft reel state, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins and starts to hook point, cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described tobacco flue-curing method is during for the middle leaf of baking tobacco leaves and upper leaf;
Describedly extend and comprise in 8-12 hour under this temperature and humidity condition again: extend 8-10 hour during middle leaf at baking tobacco leaves; And/or, extend 10-12 hour when the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, interim at described change muscle, describedly dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45-47 ℃ comprises:
At the bottom of baking tobacco leaves Ye Shi, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 45 ℃; And/or, when the middle leaf of baking tobacco leaves, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ℃; And/or, when the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 47 ℃.
By it, the growth position difference in the cigarette strain is divided into upper leaf, middle leaf and bottom leaf to tobacco leaf, because tobacco leaf is in batches ripe from below to up, upper leaf, middle leaf and bottom leaf will toast in batches, different parts tobacco flue-curing characteristic difference, so baking method is also had any different.
Preferably, baking bottom Ye Shi's is wilting interim, because the bottom leaf is grown in the bottom of cigarette strain, illumination is few, short texture, identity is thin, and what inner macromolecular substances formed lacks, time expand again, the complete flavescence of layer tobacco leaf that can reach a high temperature, dehydration reaches and hooks point and be crimped to soft reel state, and a middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, and starting to hook point, cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9; Preferably, wilting interim during middle leaf of baking, because middle leaf is grown in the middle part of cigarette strain, ventilation and penetrating light, inner macromolecular substances is more, when the heat zone tobacco leaf reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, although see that in appearance the flavescence color is up to standard, through chemical detection, inner chlorophyll transforms insufficient, extend again 8-10 hour after the heat zone tobacco leaf reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, can promote the inner chlorophyllous abundant conversion of tobacco leaf, the complete flavescence of tobacco leaf under this temperature and humidity condition; Preferably, wilting interim in baking during upper leaf, because upper leaf is grown in the top layer of cigarette strain, sunshine is abundant, its close structure, identity is thick, and the chlorophyll that inside is contained is maximum, and macromolecular substances is also maximum, be difficult for transforming, extend 10-12 hour again under this temperature and humidity condition after the heat zone tobacco leaf reaches the pornographic movie blue veins after, baking can make inner chlorophyll fully transform for a long time, the complete flavescence of tobacco leaf, inner macromolecular substances also can transform fully, for example, starch fully is converted into glucose, and protein fully is decomposed into amino acid.
Becoming muscle during the phase, due to the tobacco leaf position from bottom to up, the tobacco leaf water content is by changeable few, and identity is by thin thickening, and structure is by loose compact, so from the bottom leaf to middle leaf again to upper leaf, the yellowing degree of cigarette muscle is also by variable difficult, and the dry-bulb temperature in barn also arranges successively from low to high, preferably, when dry-bulb temperature is 45 ℃, master, the easiest flavescence of offshoot of bottom leaf cigarette muscle; Preferably, when dry-bulb temperature is 46 ℃, the master of middle leaf cigarette muscle, the easiest flavescence of offshoot; Preferably, when dry-bulb temperature is 47 ℃, master, the easiest flavescence of offshoot of bottom leaf cigarette muscle.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in described changing yellow stage and/or described cured leaf phase and/or described drying muscle stage, the rotating speed of the circulating fan that intensive barn curing is used is 960 rev/mins.
Due at changing yellow stage, tobacco leaf has the characteristic of anhydrous not flavescence, so select low speed at the changing yellow stage circulating fan, is the too fast of moisture loss in order not make tobacco leaf, makes the slow flavescence of tobacco leaf, and makes tobacco leaf fully flavescence from outside to inside.Preferably, at changing yellow stage, the rotating speed of circulating fan is 960 rev/mins.
And cured leaf phase and drying muscle stage are the periods that aroma substance forms and keeps, select the low rotation speed of circulating fan can avoid scattering and disappearing of volatile aroma material.Preferably, at cured leaf phase and drying muscle stage, the rotating speed of circulating fan is 960 rev/mins.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, interim in described wilting phase and/or described change muscle, the rotating speed of the circulating fan that intensive barn curing is used is 1440 rev/mins.
Due in the wilting phase with become the muscle phase, tobacco leaf has the anhydrous characteristic do not degenerated, so select high-grade speed in the wilting phase with change muscle phase circulating fan, is in order to promote the barn ventilation dewetting, promotes scattering and disappearing of moisture content in leaves, the tobacco leaf water content is suitable, thereby avoids browning reaction occurs and produce roasting black smoke leaf.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, at described changing yellow stage and/or described wilting interim, the humidity in intensive barn curing beyond the predetermined moisture scope time, makes the humidity in intensive barn curing reach predetermined moisture by humidification or dehumidification.
In various embodiments of the present invention, preferably, described tobacco flue-curing method adopts intensive barn curing flue-cured tobacco humiture automatic control system to carry out Temperature and Humidity Control.
During baking tobacco leaves, very strict to the humidity requirement in intensive barn curing.When the humidity in intensive barn curing does not reach predetermined moisture, can be by sprinkling water earthward or coming for the barn humidification with humidifier; Also can come for the barn dehumidification by ventilation, so that the humidity in intensive barn curing reaches predetermined moisture.
During baking tobacco leaves, to the temperature and humidity in intensive barn curing, require very strict.Be provided with flue-cured tobacco humiture automatic control system in intensive barn curing, it can strictly be controlled the temperature and humidity in bake process, makes more high-quality of the tobacco leaf that bakes.
The technical solution used in the present invention is on the basis of traditional tobacco leaf syllogic baking method, creatively by the overall process of intensive barn curing tobacco flue-curing according to dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, baking time, programming rate, speed change is ventilated, the factors such as tobacco leaf variation targets are divided into changing yellow stage, the wilting phase, become the muscle phase, five periods of cured leaf phase and drying muscle stage, change muscle time phase (steady temperature prolongation 24-36 hour) that the wilting phase (after heat zone tobacco leaf pornographic movie blue veins, extending again 8-12 hour) that to have extended dry-bulb temperature on the basis changed at traditional syllogic baking method be 41-43 ℃ and dry-bulb temperature are 45-47 ℃, reduce the dry-bulb temperature (by 54 ℃, reducing to 51-53 ℃) of cured leaf phase and extend the steady temperature time of cured leaf phase (extending 10-12 hour after whole stove tobacco leaf parent roll), reduce the dry-bulb temperature (by 68 ℃, reducing to 65 ℃) of drying muscle stage.And determine that according to the volatilization situation of the ventilation dewetting in bake process and aroma substance changing yellow stage, cured leaf phase and drying muscle stage rotation speed of fan are for low-grade (960 rev/mins), wilting phase and change muscle phase rotation speed of fan are high-grade (1440 rev/mins).
In one embodiment of the present of invention as shown in Figure 1, the air-flow ascending manner intensive barn curing of take is example, and baking method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Changing yellow stage 101: light a fire after the tobacco leaf shove charge, programming rate with 1 ℃/h, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 37-39 ℃ (for example 38 ℃), wet-bulb temperature is raised to 35.5-36.5 ℃ (for example 36 ℃), banking fire is temperature surely, keep this temperature, humidity, make the cryosphere tobacco leaf reach 7-8 and become yellow (for example 8 one-tenths yellow), a middle temperature layer tobacco leaf to reach 5-6 to become yellow (for example 6 one-tenths yellow), cryosphere tobacco leaf for example to reach, when 3-4 becomes Huang (4 one-tenth Huangs) and start to turn fiery; If this stage barn humidity does not reach predetermined moisture, for example, during lower than predetermined moisture, can sprinkle water on barn ground; Rotation speed of fan is low-grade (for example 960 rev/mins).
The wilting phase 102: for example, with the programming rate of 0.33-0.5 ℃/h (0.5 ℃/h), dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41-43 ℃ (for example 42 ℃), wet-bulb temperature is raised to 36.5-37.5 ℃ (for example 37 ℃), banking fire is temperature surely, keep this temperature, humidity, as the bottom of baking tobacco leaves Ye Shi, the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf dehydration reach the hook point and are crimped to soft reel state, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins and starts to hook point, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9 and becomes (for example 9 one-tenth Huangs); When baking middle leaf or upper leaf, keep this temperature, humidity, extend again 8-12 hour and (for example, while toasting middle leaf, extend 9 hours after heat zone tobacco leaf pornographic movie blue veins, for example, extend 11 hours while toasting upper leaf), make the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf, dehydration reaches the hook point and is crimped to soft reel state, and the flavescence of middle temperature layer tobacco leaf reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, and starting to hook point, the flavescence of cryosphere tobacco leaf reaches 8-9 and becomes (for example 9 one-tenth Huangs); If this stage barn humidity does not reach predetermined moisture, for example, during lower than predetermined moisture, can sprinkle water on barn ground.Rotation speed of fan is high-grade (for example 1440 rev/mins).
Become the muscle phase 103: for example, with the programming rate of 0.5-0.67 ℃/h (0.5 ℃/h), dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45-47 ℃ (for example 46 ℃), for example, baking bottom Ye Shi, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45 ℃, for example, during the baking middle leaf, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 46 ℃, for example, during the baking upper leaf, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 47 ℃.Dry-bulb temperature is raised to for example, in the process of 45-47 ℃ (46 ℃), wet-bulb temperature is raised to 37.5-38.5 ℃ (for example 38 ℃), banking fire is temperature surely, make the whole flavescence of residual cyan, strengthen ventilation dewetting, until the dehydration of heat zone tobacco leaf reaches rouleau tubular state, the middle temperature layer whole flavescence of tobacco leaf (for example reaching pornographic movie, yellow muscle state) dehydration reach soft reel state, and the cryosphere tobacco leaf approaches complete yellow (for example only remaining tobacco leaf master, the blue or green state of the micro-band of lateral vein) and starts to hook sharp crimping.Rotation speed of fan is high-grade (for example 1440 rev/mins).
The cured leaf phase 104: for example, with the programming rate of 0.5-1 ℃/h (0.5 ℃/h), dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51-53 ℃ (being for example 52 ℃), wet-bulb temperature is raised to 38.5-39.5 ℃ (for example 39 ℃), banking fire is temperature surely, for example, until full stove tobacco leaf extends 10-12 hour (12 hours) after reaching parent roll again.Rotation speed of fan is low-grade (for example 960 rev/mins).
Drying muscle stage 105: with the programming rate of 1 ℃/h; dry-bulb temperature is raised to 64-66 ℃ (for example 65 ℃), wet-bulb temperature is raised to 41.5-42.5 ℃ (for example 42 ℃), banking fire is temperature surely; wherein; in the process of rising dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature, after dry-bulb temperature surpasses 60 ℃, turn down gradually shutter; when dry-bulb temperature is raised to after 64-66 ℃; keep this temperature, until the absolutely dry rear truce of tobacco leaf master pulse, rotation speed of fan is low-grade (for example 960 rev/mins).
In one embodiment of the invention, method of the present invention is as shown in the table:
By the tobacco leaf after the baking of this baking method, color is golden yellow, orange, and color and luster is stronger, and not roasting bad tobacco leaf occurs; Better-than-average cigarette ratio 90%～95%; The fragrance matter of tobacco leaf is pure, the perfume quantity foot, and flue gas concentration is abundant, and excitant is less, and strength is moderate, and assorted gas is lighter, and mouthfeel is better, and use value is higher.
Various embodiment provided by the invention combination mutually in any way as required, the technical scheme obtained by this combination, also within the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and within modification belongs to the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also comprises these changes and modification interior.
Claims (9)
1. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing, is characterized in that, comprising:
Changing yellow stage, it comprises that the speed with 1 ℃/h is heated up after igniting, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 37-39 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 35.5-36.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, until heat zone tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 7-8, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 5-6, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches when 3-4 becomes and starts to turn fire;
The wilting phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.33-0.5 ℃/h is heated up, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 41-43 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 36.5-37.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, be crimped to soft reel state until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf dehydration reach the hook point, a middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins and starts to hook point, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9;
Become the muscle phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.5-0.67 ℃/h is heated up, dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45-47 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 37.5-38.5 ℃, extend 24-36 hour under this temperature and humidity condition, make the complete flavescence of the residual cyan of whole tobacco leaves, the circulating fan used by intensive barn curing is strengthened ventilation dewetting, until the dehydration of heat zone tobacco leaf reaches rouleau tubular state, the middle temperature layer complete flavescence of tobacco leaf dehydration reach soft reel state, and the cryosphere tobacco leaf only remains the micro-band green grass or young crops of master, lateral vein of tobacco leaf and starts to hook sharp crimping;
The cured leaf phase, it comprises that the speed with 0.5-1 ℃/h is heated up, and dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51-53 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is raised to 38.5-39.5 ℃, keep temperature and humidity, until all tobacco leaf extends 10-12 hour after reaching parent roll again under this temperature and humidity condition;
Drying muscle stage; it comprises that the speed with 1 ℃/h is heated up; dry-bulb temperature is raised to 64-66 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is raised to 41.5-42.5 ℃, wherein; in the temperature-rise period of dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature; after dry-bulb temperature surpasses 60 ℃, turn down gradually the shutter of intensive barn curing, when dry-bulb temperature is raised to after 64-66 ℃; keep temperature and humidity, until the absolutely dry rear truce of tobacco leaf master pulse.
2. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described tobacco flue-curing method is for the bottom leaf of baking tobacco leaves.
3. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wilting interim, described maintenance temperature and humidity, until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf, dehydration reaches the hook point and is crimped to soft reel state, and a middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins, and start to hook point, cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9 and becomes to comprise:
Keep described temperature and humidity, after reaching the pornographic movie blue veins, the heat zone tobacco leaf extends again 8-12 hour under this temperature and humidity condition, until the complete flavescence of heat zone tobacco leaf, dehydration reaches the hook point and is crimped to soft reel state, middle temperature layer tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches the pornographic movie blue veins and starts to hook point, and cryosphere tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 8-9.
4. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described tobacco flue-curing method is for middle leaf or the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves;
Describedly extend and comprise in 8-12 hour under this temperature and humidity condition again: extend 8-10 hour during middle leaf at baking tobacco leaves; Or, extend 10-12 hour when the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves.
5. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as described as claim 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, interim at described change muscle, describedly dry-bulb temperature is raised to 45-47 ℃ comprises:
At the bottom of baking tobacco leaves Ye Shi, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 45 ℃; Or, when the middle leaf of baking tobacco leaves, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ℃; Or, when the upper leaf of baking tobacco leaves, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 47 ℃.
6. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described changing yellow stage and/or described cured leaf phase and/or described drying muscle stage, the rotating speed of the circulating fan that intensive barn curing is used is 960 rev/mins.
7. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, interim in described wilting phase and/or described change muscle, and the rotating speed of the circulating fan that intensive barn curing is used is 1440 rev/mins.
8. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, at described changing yellow stage and/or described wilting interim, the humidity in intensive barn curing beyond the predetermined moisture scope time, makes the humidity in intensive barn curing reach predetermined moisture by humidification or dehumidification.
9. the tobacco flue-curing method for intensive barn curing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described tobacco flue-curing method adopts intensive barn curing flue-cured tobacco humiture automatic control system to carry out Temperature and Humidity Control.
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| CN2011103901646A CN102511917B (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | Tobacco flue-curing method for bulk curing barn |
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| CN2011103901646A CN102511917B (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | Tobacco flue-curing method for bulk curing barn |
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| CN102511917B true CN102511917B (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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