CN103169143B - Tobacco curing method of amine reduction tobacco curing shed - Google Patents

Tobacco curing method of amine reduction tobacco curing shed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103169143B
CN103169143B CN201310101783.8A CN201310101783A CN103169143B CN 103169143 B CN103169143 B CN 103169143B CN 201310101783 A CN201310101783 A CN 201310101783A CN 103169143 B CN103169143 B CN 103169143B
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tobacco leaf
tobacco
condenser
air
hydrofuge
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201310101783.8A
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CN103169143A (en
Inventor
高远峰
曹仕明
伍义成
吴东
董贤春
伍学兵
钱祖坤
文光红
周启平
曹勤华
陈宏�
王正山
王军
张双祥
王健
徐进
陈文忠
刘爱辉
张志强
郑爱军
王宜平
郑伟
袁跃斌
刘刚
宋小飞
张国平
何波
秦铁伟
李�浩
罗维
张红帅
罗龙平
王艳
王家庆
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Yichang Branch of Hubei Tobacco Company
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YICHANG BRANCH OF HUBEI TOBACCO Co
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Abstract

Disclosed are an amine reduction tobacco curing shed and a tobacco curing method thereof. The amine reduction tobacco curing shed comprises a shed body, wherein at least one set of warming and moisture exhausting circulation system is arranged in the shed body. The at least one set of warming and moisture exhausting circulation system is used for strictly controlling temperature, moisture and atmospheric conditions and the like in a tobacco curing process, tobacco curing environment can be effectively improved, and therefore TSNAs content of cured tobacco is reduced, raw material of high quality is supplied to the cigarette industry, and harm of cigarette to consumers is reduced. The amine reduction tobacco curing shed is simple in structure. The tobacco curing technological operation is convenient. Products obtained with the tobacco curing method are stable in quality and easy to popularize.

Description

The method of amine curing shed air-curing of tobacco leaves is fallen
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco leaf modulation technique field, be specifically related to one and fall amine curing shed and air-curing of tobacco leaves method thereof.
Background technology
The modulation of air-curing of tobacco leaves (burley tobaccos, Maryland) utilizes curing shed, by natural sunlight and air, by certain Artificial Control, regulates the epidemic disaster of tobacco leaf in canopy, carried out the overall process of tobacco leaf modulation.Tobacco air-curing is divided into usually by tandem: wilting, flavescence, browning, dry muscle four-stage.Different natural climate conditions, different humitures, different modulation control methods, different modulating times etc., all will affect outward appearance and the interior quality of tobacco leaf, thus directly affect income and the cigarette product quality of tobacco grower.
Suck that cigarette is harmful has become a undisputable fact.The scientific worker of tobacco business, minimizing cigarette harm has done a large amount of work, along with going deep into of research, the harmful substance found in tobacco is also increasing, peculiar Asia pin amine (TSNAs) of tobacco as found is the N-Asia pin amines that a class exists only in tobacco and flue gas, and in recent years had mechanism to regard as carcinogen in the world, research at home is also indicated as suspect carcinogen matter, the TSNAs of carcinogenicity does not have safe threshold, has potential cancer threaten human body.And in the use of tobacco leaf, the tobacco leaf that domestic foreign cigarette factory is high to Asia pin amine content, also abstains from very much.
Research proves, air-curing of tobacco leaves (burley tobaccos, Maryland), its TSNAs content air-curing of tobacco leaves is far away higher than flue-cured tobacco, and e.g., burley tobaccos exceed more than 25 times than flue-cured tobacco.It is generally acknowledged, not containing TSNAs in fresh tobacco leaf, it is mainly formed in processing, modulation and storage, and the overwhelming majority results between modulation period.Enter the blue or green cigarette before modulation not containing TSNAs, this is mainly because all kinds of material is effectively kept apart by cell membrane in cell, although tobacco leaf has abundant precursor substance, but they can not converge, thus can not react and generate TSNAs, because moisture content in leaves is lost, cause damaged membrane, intracellular organic matter outflows, define the environmental condition be conducive to for microbial growth and breeding, as temperature, humidity and the anoxic etc. that are applicable to, so tobacco leaf terminates to complete browning from changing yellow stage, the TSNAs that this time produces is more.In the production practices of air-curing of tobacco leaves, we find: at the tobacco leaf of low altitude area modulation, lower than the tobacco leaf TSNAs content of high altitude localities modulation, this is because relatively higher compared with the temperature of low altitude area, thus shorten the cause of modulating time.
There are some researches prove: the condition of the controlling and adjustment system of drying in the air, uniform ventilation is breathed freely, reduce the formation of anaerobic environment and the accumulation of microbiologic population, while not affecting modulation quality, reduce humidity, increase temperature and shorten the time of drying stage, activity and the metaboilic level of various enzyme in tobacco leaf modulated process will be changed, can microbiologic population be changed, finally reach the accumulation reducing TSNAs.
In the modulation of tobacco leaf, technical staff has also carried out many innovations and transformation, although helpful to reduction TSNAs, side effect is also clearly.One is lay fire tube in barn, improves refining temperature, although greatly improve temperature, shorten modulating time with coal, bavin as fuel, and because temperature-controllable is poor, the distinctive quality and flavor of air-curing of tobacco leaves gets a hard knock; Meanwhile, modulation facility transformation loaded down with trivial details, pollute greatly, costly, spread difficulty.Two is first shine to dry in the air afterwards, namely the wilting stage after tobacco leaf picking, tobacco leaf is first placed on ceiling to surrounding all with film hide solarization canopy in, after making the quick dehydration of tobacco leaf wilting, move into curing shed again and complete flavescence, the modulation in two stages of browning, in the end tobacco leaf is moved into again solarization canopy and completes fourth stage modulation by the dry muscle stage.Although shorten modulating time like this, basic guarantee air-curing of tobacco leaves style quality, but add labor, because the tobacco leaf that moves around adds blade percentage of damage, shining barn is all hide with film the barn (film is disposable substantially) formed from ceiling to surrounding, and sometimes easily cause blue or green cigarette because the sun is large, temperature is too high and burns, adding dries in the air simultaneously makes this and white pollution, suitable with the canopy that dries in the air owing to shining canopy area, occupy valuable land resource.As from the foregoing, although these schemes are helpful to reduction TSNAs, side effect also clearly.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one and falls amine curing shed, and structure is simple, and easy to operate, in the tobacco leaf modulated by this curing shed, TSNAs content is little, for cigarette industry provides the quality raw materials of low amine, reduces the harm of cigarette to consumer.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: amine curing shed falls in one, comprise canopy body, be provided with in canopy body and at least a set ofly heat the hydrofuge circulatory system, can arrange a set of by the curing shed area of every 30 square metres, described in heat in the hydrofuge circulatory system and be provided with circulating fan, the air intake heating the hydrofuge circulatory system is provided with condenser, outlet air end is provided with ceramic heater, is provided with circulating fan between ceramic heater and condenser; Air inlet in condenser and air outlet are communicated with canopy external body respectively, and are also provided with dehumidifying fan in the air inlet of condenser; Header tank is established in the below of described condenser.
Described condenser is two-sided condenser, and the condensation wing that the outside of condenser is provided with, inside is provided with heat exchange fin.
Describedly heat the north that the hydrofuge circulatory system is installed on canopy body.
Described circulating fan is frequency conversion circulating fan.
The described hydrofuge circulatory system that heats also is provided with for the controller realizing automatic temperature-adjusting, humidity regulates automatically.
Adopt the method for described curing shed air-curing of tobacco leaves, comprise with the next stage:
1) in the tobacco leaf wilting stage: moisture unnecessary in fresh leaf is got rid of rapidly by wilting demands, be 20 ~ 25 DEG C by heating temperature in hydrofuge circulatory system control canopy body, relative humidity, lower than 80% ± 2%, continues 6 ~ 8 days, makes fresh leaf all wilting;
2) tobacco leaf yellowing stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 20 ~ 25 DEG C by heating the hydrofuge circulatory system, relative humidity 65 ~ 70%, when relative humidity wants timely ventilation dewetting higher than 75%, yellowing stage continues 7 ~ 9 days, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach more than 95%;
3) the tobacco leaf browning stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 22 ~ 26 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70 ~ 75%, when tobacco leaf all becomes reddish yellow, can close ventilating system, promotes tobacco leaf color brown stain, increases fragrance; Browning phase lasts 11 ~ 12 days, makes tobacco leaf become brown or the light brown of uniformity from yellow;
4) the tobacco leaf dry muscle stage: in control canopy body, temperature is at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 40 ~ 50%, continues 11 ~ 13 days, to blade and the drying of stem stalk, obtains the tobacco leaf dried.
By traditional air-curing of tobacco leaves method under high temperature (32 " C), high humidity (83%) dry in the air condition processed; tobacco-specific nitrosamine in tobacco leaf (Tobacco.SpccificNitrosamines; TSNAs) can be caused to increase dozens or even hundreds of times; TSNAs level can be after the system of drying in the air 2 ~ 3 weeks up to 900 μ g/g, TSNA remarkable integration time; The TSNAs of carcinogenicity does not have secure threshold, has the potential cancer danger side of body to human body.
By falling the tobacco leaf that amine curing shed and above-mentioned steps process obtain, TSNAs content is only 90 ~ 120 μ g/g, greatly reduces the carcinogenic danger side of body of TSNAs.
Heat temperature, the humidity that the hydrofuge circulatory system can accurately control in canopy in the present invention, ensure good ventilation effect, effectively reduce tobacco leaf and produce aminate between modulation period, reduce tobacco leaf to the injury of human body.
Owing to adopting ceramic heater to heat, this shaped material can need to arrange different temperatures section stage by stage according to air-curing of tobacco leaves modulation; And the temperature in each stage is constant, can ensure the temperature requirements of air-curing of tobacco leaves modulation different phase, shorten air-curing of tobacco leaves modulating time, the especially time of drying stage, in addition because ceramic heater does not produce naked light; Even if having tobacco leaf fragment to fall also can not cause burning above, safe and reliable.
By adopting circulating fan, the air in canopy is circulated, ventilated, improve the formation of ischaemia environment and the accumulation of microbiologic population in original curing shed, effectively prevent the generation of aminate.
By adopting condenser, utilizing outdoor cold air, heat exchange fin in condenser casing is constantly lowered the temperature, and then causing casing condensed exterior wing to be lowered the temperature; When the air heating hydrofuge circulatory system air intake in curing shed enters, when contacting with condensation wing, its temperature will inevitably reduce rapidly, local hot and humid gas is made to be in humidity relative saturation and even hypersaturated state, thus in a large amount of condensation in condensation wing surface, separate out the globule, and the water leg of afflux below condenser, go out finally by row of conduits, realize the object of dehumidifying in curing shed.Adopt condensation hydrofuge, solve tradition and open curing shed door ventilation dewetting and make the unfavorable factor that curing shed temperature reduces, greatly reduce the content of Asia pin amine (TSNAs) of air-curing of tobacco leaves.
The present invention solve preferably described in technical background for reducing TSNAs and disadvantage that the measure taked and method exist:
1) foundation heats dehumidification system, solves the situation of meeting a large amount of rotten cigarette of cloudy weather for several days running between air-curing of tobacco leaves modulation period, improves tobacco leaf total quality level, make the income of tobacco grower have guarantee.
2) for cigarette industry provides the quality raw materials of low amine, the harm of cigarette to consumer is reduced.
3), after taking hot air circulating system, in the overcast and rainy temperature environment with keeping night needed for air-curing of tobacco leaves modulation, thus air-curing of tobacco leaves modulating time can be greatly reduced, shortening the cycle that tobacco grower is engaged in leaf tobacco production.
4) adopt epidemic disaster automatically to control, in tobacco leaf modulated process, canopy operation need not be entered, achieve tobacco grower and easily modulate tobacco leaf, to a certain degree solve the problem of rural laborer's deficiency.
5) structure all can make simply Anywhere, easy to the transformation of existing curing shed, is convenient to promote on a large scale.
6) this system also can be widely used in baking and banking up with earth and modulation of other agricultural byproducts, and application is broad.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention heats the hydrofuge circulatory system.
Fig. 2 is the interior air circulation schematic diagram of condenser.
Fig. 3 is result of use figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, this invention comprises canopy body 1, be provided with in canopy body and at least a set ofly heat the hydrofuge circulatory system, described heating in the hydrofuge circulatory system is provided with circulating fan 3, the air intake heating the hydrofuge circulatory system is provided with condenser 4, outlet air end is provided with ceramic heater 2, is provided with circulating fan 3 between ceramic heater 2 and condenser 4; Air inlet in condenser 4 and air outlet are communicated with canopy external body respectively, and are also provided with dehumidifying fan 5 in the air inlet of condenser 4; Header tank is established in the below of described condenser 4.
Described condenser 4 is two-sided condenser, can increase condensation area, increase work efficiency; And the condensation wing 6 that the outside of condenser 4 is provided with, inside is provided with heat exchange fin 7.
Describedly heat the north that the hydrofuge circulatory system is installed on canopy body 1, make canopy internal-external temperature difference relatively larger, effect on moisture extraction can be better, also can save the energy.
The described hydrofuge circulatory system that heats also is provided with for the controller realizing automatic temperature-adjusting, humidity regulates automatically.
In Fig. 3, A is that operation by heating the hydrofuge circulatory system makes to form Inner eycle in canopy, and for the condition of the controlling and adjustment system of drying in the air, uniform ventilation is breathed freely, and to make in canopy body temperature everywhere, humidity is consistent; The formation of anaerobic environment and the accumulation of microbiologic population also can be reduced additionally by Inner eycle; Shown in B is the outer circulation of canopy body, and namely condenser utilizes outdoor cold air, constantly lowers the temperature to heat exchange fin in condenser casing, and then causes casing condensed exterior wing to be lowered the temperature; Make the damp-heat air in canopy in a large amount of condensation in condensation wing surface, separate out the globule, reach the object of dehumidifying.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt and fall the method that amine curing shed carries out air-curing of tobacco leaves, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) in the tobacco leaf wilting stage: moisture unnecessary in fresh leaf is got rid of rapidly by wilting demands, be 20 ~ 22 DEG C by heating temperature in hydrofuge circulatory system control canopy body, relative humidity, lower than 80%, continues 6 days, makes fresh leaf all wilting;
2) tobacco leaf yellowing stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 22 ~ 25 DEG C, relative humidity 65% by heating the hydrofuge circulatory system, if relative humidity wants timely ventilation dewetting higher than 75%, yellowing stage continues 9 days, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach more than 95%;
3) the tobacco leaf browning stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 22 ~ 26 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70 ~ 75%, when tobacco leaf all becomes reddish yellow, can close ventilating system, promotes tobacco leaf color brown stain, increases fragrance; Browning phase lasts 11 days, makes tobacco leaf become the brown of uniformity from yellow;
4) the tobacco leaf dry muscle stage: in control canopy body, temperature is at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 40 ~ 45%, continues 11 days, to blade and the drying of stem stalk, obtains the tobacco leaf dried.
By detecting, the TSNAs content of gained tobacco leaf is 92 μ g/g.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt and fall the method that amine curing shed carries out air-curing of tobacco leaves, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) in the tobacco leaf wilting stage: moisture unnecessary in fresh leaf is got rid of rapidly by wilting demands, be 22 ~ 25 DEG C by heating temperature in hydrofuge circulatory system control canopy body, relative humidity, lower than 80 ~ 82%, continues 8 days, makes fresh leaf all wilting;
2) tobacco leaf yellowing stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 20 ~ 25 DEG C by heating the hydrofuge circulatory system, relative humidity 68 ~ 70%, when relative humidity wants timely ventilation dewetting higher than 75%, yellowing stage continues 7 days, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach more than 95%;
3) the tobacco leaf browning stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 22 ~ 26 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70 ~ 75%, when tobacco leaf all becomes reddish yellow, can close ventilating system, promotes tobacco leaf color brown stain, increases fragrance; Browning phase lasts 12 days, makes tobacco leaf become brown or the light brown of uniformity from yellow;
4) the tobacco leaf dry muscle stage: in control canopy body, temperature is at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 45 ~ 50%, continues 13 days, to blade and the drying of stem stalk, obtains the tobacco leaf dried.
By detecting, the TSNAs content of gained tobacco leaf is 108 μ g/g.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt and fall the method that amine curing shed carries out air-curing of tobacco leaves, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) in the tobacco leaf wilting stage: moisture unnecessary in fresh leaf is got rid of rapidly by wilting demands, be 20 ~ 25 DEG C by heating temperature in hydrofuge circulatory system control canopy body, relative humidity, lower than 78-82%, continues 7 days, makes fresh leaf all wilting;
2) tobacco leaf yellowing stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 20 ~ 25 DEG C by heating the hydrofuge circulatory system, relative humidity 65 ~ 70%, when relative humidity wants timely ventilation dewetting higher than 75%, yellowing stage continues 8 days, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach more than 95%;
3) the tobacco leaf browning stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 22 ~ 26 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70 ~ 75%, when tobacco leaf all becomes reddish yellow, can close ventilating system, promotes tobacco leaf color brown stain, increases fragrance; Browning phase lasts 12 days, makes tobacco leaf become brown or the light brown of uniformity from yellow;
4) the tobacco leaf dry muscle stage: in control canopy body, temperature is at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 40 ~ 50%, continues 12 days, to blade and the drying of stem stalk, obtains the tobacco leaf dried.
By detecting, the TSNAs content of gained tobacco leaf is 118 μ g/g.
The controller of above body method of operating all by heating the hydrofuge circulatory system realizes temperature, the automation of humidity regulates.

Claims (4)

1. fall a method for amine curing shed air-curing of tobacco leaves, it is characterized in that comprising with the next stage:
1) in the tobacco leaf wilting stage: moisture unnecessary in fresh leaf is got rid of rapidly by wilting demands, be 20 ~ 25 DEG C by heating temperature in hydrofuge circulatory system control canopy body, relative humidity, lower than 80% ± 2%, continues 6 ~ 8 days, makes fresh leaf all wilting;
2) tobacco leaf yellowing stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 20 ~ 25 DEG C by heating the hydrofuge circulatory system, relative humidity 65 ~ 70%, when relative humidity wants timely ventilation dewetting higher than 75%, yellowing stage continues 7 ~ 9 days, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach more than 95%;
3) the tobacco leaf browning stage: regulate temperature in canopy body to remain on 22 ~ 26 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70 ~ 75%, when tobacco leaf all becomes reddish yellow, can close ventilating system, promotes tobacco leaf color brown stain, increases fragrance; Browning phase lasts 11 ~ 12 days, makes tobacco leaf become brown or the light brown of uniformity from yellow;
4) the tobacco leaf dry muscle stage: in control canopy body, temperature is at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 40 ~ 50%, continues 11 ~ 13 days, to blade and the drying of stem stalk, obtains the tobacco leaf dried.
2. a kind of method of falling amine curing shed air-curing of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described curing shed comprises canopy body, be provided with in canopy body and at least a set ofly heat the hydrofuge circulatory system, described heating in the hydrofuge circulatory system is provided with circulating fan, the air intake heating the hydrofuge circulatory system is provided with condenser, outlet air end is provided with ceramic heater, is provided with circulating fan between ceramic heater and condenser; The air inlet of condenser is connected with canopy external body, and the air outlet of condenser is communicated with canopy body inside, and is also provided with dehumidifying fan in the air inlet of condenser; Header tank is established in the below of described condenser; Described condenser is two-sided condenser, and the outside of condenser is provided with condensation wing, and inside is provided with heat exchange fin; Describedly heat the north that the hydrofuge circulatory system is installed on canopy body.
3. a kind of method of falling amine curing shed air-curing of tobacco leaves according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described circulating fan is frequency conversion circulating fan.
4. method of falling amine curing shed air-curing of tobacco leaves according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described in heat the hydrofuge circulatory system and be also provided with for the controller realizing automatic temperature-adjusting, humidity regulates automatically.
CN201310101783.8A 2013-03-27 2013-03-27 Tobacco curing method of amine reduction tobacco curing shed Expired - Fee Related CN103169143B (en)

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Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104188085B (en) * 2014-08-21 2016-04-27 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 A kind of dry tobacco rib drying method
CN106666806B (en) * 2017-02-23 2018-03-02 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 A kind of preparation method of buccal cigarette pipe tobacco
CN113558285B (en) * 2021-09-08 2023-01-31 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 Storage method for reducing TSNAs content of Maryland tobacco in stock
CN113854618B (en) * 2021-11-22 2023-06-23 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 Modulation method for improving quality of tobacco leaves of heating cigarette tobacco raw materials by utilizing manual control

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WO2007026262A2 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-03-08 Philip Morris Products S.A. Controlled ventilation air curing system
CN201563588U (en) * 2009-10-10 2010-09-01 彭福明 Solar-energy auxiliary heating heat pump curing barn
CN201691039U (en) * 2010-05-24 2011-01-05 真强寿 Air source intelligent baking room
CN102715632A (en) * 2012-06-20 2012-10-10 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 Mixing process capable of reducing harmful components of burley tobacco
CN203152464U (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-08-28 湖北省烟草科研所 Amine-reducing tobacco air-curing shed

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4192323A (en) * 1977-09-21 1980-03-11 Gas-Fired Products, Inc. Apparatus and method for automatically controlling curing conditions in a tobacco curing barn
WO2007026262A2 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-03-08 Philip Morris Products S.A. Controlled ventilation air curing system
CN201563588U (en) * 2009-10-10 2010-09-01 彭福明 Solar-energy auxiliary heating heat pump curing barn
CN201691039U (en) * 2010-05-24 2011-01-05 真强寿 Air source intelligent baking room
CN102715632A (en) * 2012-06-20 2012-10-10 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 Mixing process capable of reducing harmful components of burley tobacco
CN203152464U (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-08-28 湖北省烟草科研所 Amine-reducing tobacco air-curing shed

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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: CAO SHIMING GAO YUANFENG WU DONG DONG XIANCHUN WU YICHENG WANG HONG ZHOU ZHOU QIPING CAO QINHUA CHEN HONG YANG YUN WU XUEBING QIAN ZUKUN LIU DAIPING WANG JUN ZHANG SHUANGXIANG XU HUAQIANG GAO YINGLIN GE BICHUN CHEN WENZHONG LI JI PENG YONG WEN GUANGHONG LIU XIWANG TENG XIANFENG WANG JIAQING TO: GAO YUANFENG CAO SHIMING WU YICHENG WU DONG DONG XIANCHUN WU XUEBING QIAN ZUKUN WEN GUANGHONG ZHOU QIPING CAO QINHUA CHEN HONG WANG ZHENGSHAN WANG JUN ZHANG SHUANGXIANG WANG JIAN XU JIN CHEN WENZHONG LIU AIHUI ZHANG ZHIQIANG ZHENG AIJUN WANG YIPING ZHENG WEI YUAN YUEBIN LIU GANG

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