CN103535849A - New flue-cured tobacco leaf concocting method, tobacco products and application - Google Patents
New flue-cured tobacco leaf concocting method, tobacco products and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a new flue-cured tobacco leaf concocting method, tobacco products and application. A concocting process comprises the steps of field tobacco leaf harvesting, fermentation treatment, dewatering and drying and the like, fermentation concocting type tobacco products with typical flue-cured tobacco fragrance style, or with a typical air-cured tobacco fragrance style, or with both the flue-cured tobacco fragrance style and the air-cured tobacco fragrance style are obtained through concoction, the demands of the cigarette industry on multiple tobacco raw materials including extraordinary fragrant type tobacco raw materials are met, and the availability of flue-cured tobacco leaves close to the roots, top leaves, abnormal ripe tobacco leaves, tobacco branches, tobacco tops and other tobacco raw materials is improved. Concocted tobacco products can be applied to tobacco formula products or cigarette products, or be used for preparing tobacco extract and tobacco reaction perfume, or be added to tobacco sheets or stem filament products or cigarette products as feed liquid. Zero energy consumption or low energy consumption can be achieved in a concocting process, and the flue-cured tobacco leaf concocting method saves energy, protects environment, and generates good resource and environment benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco modulation processing technique field, particularly the modulation new method of a kind of land for growing field crops tobacco leaf, tobacco leaf product and purposes.
Background technology
The kind of tobacco leaf is generally divided into three kinds: flue-cured tobacco, air-curing of tobacco leaves, suncured tabacco.In modulated process, utilize manually operated heat energy, the tobacco leaf that baking modulation forms in barn is called flue-cured tobacco; Air-curing of tobacco leaves modulator approach is that tobacco leaf is hung in dry in the air canopy or the room that dries in the air and dried, as burley tobaccos, Maryland; Suncured tabacco is in modulated process, the energy that utilizes solar radiation, and outdoor solarization system forms.
Baking of flue-cured tobacco modulation method refers to that the fresh tobacco leaf of being gathered by Mature is placed in specific process equipment one barn in some way and heats modulation; therefore be called again baking; when making tobacco leaf color by green flavescence, constantly dehydrate; realize tobacco leaf scalding, dry, bake fragrant overall process, be conventionally divided into yellowing stage, fixation stage, dry muscle stage.Produce at present upper main traditional flue-curing barn and the intensive barn curing modulation flue-cured tobacco of adopting, its common trait is all to use external heat source, by hot air circulation blower, forced ventilation, carry out humiture and automatically control, in constantly the dehydrating of tobacco leaf, temperature-rise period, make tobacco leaf flavescence, fixation, dry.
Adopt current baking of flue-cured tobacco modulation method modulation tobacco leaf mainly to have the following disadvantages:
1, because baking modulation method is to make tobacco leaf flavescence, fixation, dry in constantly the dehydrating of tobacco leaf, temperature-rise period, tobacco leaf chemical composition transforms insufficient, and particularly fragrance transforms insufficiently, and tobacco leaf sucking quality has much room for improvement.
2, because conversion in modulated process is insufficient, first flue-cured tobacco is coarse, fragrance not alcohol and.
3, modulation energy consumption is large, per kilogram baking tobacco leaf consumption coal 2～3kg.
4, the fragrance of baking tobacco leaf, odor type are single, cannot modulate special odor type tobacco leaf, as have cured tobacco leaf of alcohol and burley tobaccos aromatic style etc.
So far there is not yet the flue-cured tobacco of being gathered in land for growing field crops adopts zymotechnique to modulate and obtain the report of different flavor tobacco leaf product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of modulation new method, tobacco leaf product and purposes of cured tobacco leaf.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object: the cured tobacco leaf of being gathered in field carries out fermentation process, tobacco leaf appearance character and intrinsic chemical composition are transformed to the direction that is conducive to quality of tobacco, to meet the demand of cigarette industry to raw tobacco material, comprise the following steps:
(1) the land for growing field crops tobacco leaf of gathering;
(2) tobacco leaf is carried out to fermentation process;
(3) tobacco leaf of proper fermentation being processed dehydrates.
Described tobacco fermentation adopts following any one mode:
Mode one
Case dress fermentation mode: tobacco leaf Direct Uniform splendid attire is carried out to heap fermentation in foam plastic reservoir or incubator; Or first by the even splendid attire of tobacco leaf in penetrating cigarette basket, then cigarette basket is placed in to foam plastic reservoir or incubator carries out heap fermentation, described foam plastic reservoir or incubator are provided with at least one blow vent; In sweat, by opening and closing blow vent or case lid, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode two
Basket dress fermentation mode: first tobacco leaf evenly stacked or be placed in fully penetrating cigarette basket or professional tobacco leaf clamping device, again one or more Sheng cigarette basket dense arrangement are placed in thermal environment or fermenting cellar and carry out heap fermentation, described fermenting cellar is provided with at least one air inlet and a gas outlet; Described thermal environment is sunlight greenhouse, or adopts plastic foil, insulation material covering and heat insulating; In sweat, by opening and closing blow vent or taking off, cover cladding material, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode three
Storehouse formula fermentation mode: tobacco leaf is evenly stacked or be placed in the fermentation cabin that bottom is provided with loose gas web plate and carry out heap fermentation, fermentation cabin is provided with at least one air inlet and a gas outlet; In sweat, by opening and closing blow vent, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode four
Trough type fermentation mode: tobacco leaf homogeneous reactor is placed in to fermentation tank or fermentation vat carries out heap fermentation, is equipped with in advance loose gas web plate at the bottom of bottom land or pond, divide into ventilating opening, plastic foil or insulation material cover for cigarette heap surface or top, groove pond; In sweat, by taking off, cover cladding material or regulate ventilating opening aperture, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode five
Level land heap fermentation mode: tobacco leaf homogeneous reactor is placed in to ground, or is stacked in advance to lay and has on the laying material of ventilation effect, form cigarette heap or long cigarette ridge, plastic foil or insulation material covering for cigarette heap surface; In sweat, by taking off, cover cladding material or turning adjusting cigarette stack temperature and humidity.
The place that tobacco fermentation is processed or device should be arranged on place dry, that face south, are preferably arranged in day-light greenhouse, are beneficial to tobacco leaf and are rapidly heated, ferment, and have rainproof water-proof function simultaneously.
The fermentation process process of tobacco leaf comprises following two kinds:
Process one
Tobacco fermentation processing procedure comprises fermentation calefaction stage and fermentation yellowing stage, and process conditions are:
The fermentation calefaction stage: the time is 1～2 day, cigarette is piled to sealed thermal insulating fermentation, the heat that utilizes tobacco fermentation to produce, makes cigarette stack temperature rise to 32～38 ℃ by environment temperature;
Fermentation yellowing stage: the time is 2～8 days, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, is controlled at 32～45 ℃ by cigarette stack temperature, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach 80%～100%;
Overall fermentation time: 3～10 days;
Process two
The fermentation calefaction stage: the time is 1～2 day, cigarette is piled to sealed thermal insulating fermentation, the heat that utilizes tobacco fermentation to produce, makes cigarette stack temperature rise to 32～38 ℃ by environment temperature;
Fermentation yellowing stage: the time is 2～8 days, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, is controlled at 32～45 ℃ by cigarette stack temperature, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach 80%～100%;
Fermentation becomes the palm fibre stage: the time is 2～5 days, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, cigarette stack temperature is controlled to 32～50 ℃, makes tobacco leaf become brown degree and reaches 90%～100%;
Overall fermentation time: 5～15 days;
After having fermented, fermentation yellowing degree is reached to 80%～100% tobacco leaf and be placed in dry environment or dewater unit, making drying tobacco to moisture content is 10%～16%, obtain outward appearance and be lemon yellow, orange, pale brown or yellowish-brown, there is typical tobacco aroma style, or have the modulation tobacco leaf product of flue-cured tobacco and air-curing of tobacco leaves aromatic style concurrently; Fermentation is become to brown degree to be reached 90%～100% tobacco leaf and is placed in dry environment or dewater unit, making drying tobacco to moisture content is 10%～16%, obtain outward appearance and be brown to sepia, there is typical air-curing of tobacco leaves as burley tobaccos appearance luster and aromatic style, or have the modulation tobacco leaf product of flue-cured tobacco and air-curing of tobacco leaves aromatic style concurrently.
The mode of above-mentioned drying tobacco can adopt any one or a few the combined drying method in dryness in the sun method, hot-air seasoning, boulton process, freeze-drying, micro-wave drying method, light wave seasoning, solar energy drying method, far-infrared drying method, oven drying method, the wherein preferred dryness in the sun method of yellow tobacco leaf, boulton process, micro-wave vacuum method or microwave light wave seasoning; The preferred dryness in the sun method of brown tobacco leaf, hot-air seasoning or oven drying method; Described dryness in the sun method, is preferably placed in tobacco leaf day-light greenhouse airing to drying tobacco.
The present invention is owing to adopting fermentation modulation technique, to Maturity of Tobacco Leaf without strict demand, the tobacco leaf of gathering can be selected the underdone tobacco leaf to proper mature (ripe) any maturity in period, comprises each position tobacco leaf of pin leaf, top, " black sudden and violent " leaf, also comprises that cigarette strain is pinched to smear cigarette wooden fork and the Yan Ding that wooden fork produces.
For shortening the drying tobacco time, reduce energy consumption for drying, can before tobacco fermentation, to tobacco leaf, remove stalk, defoliation base or half leaf method treatment step; Described defoliation base is apart from blade tip 1/4～1/3 Partial Resection, to reduce the amount of labour of full stalk by tobacco leaf petiole end; Described half leaf method is longitudinally tobacco leaf to be divided into two halves along master pulse, is beneficial to offal and moisture content in leaves distributes, and do not affect peg fermentation or peg dry.
For accelerating fermentation of leaf tobacco by use, improve quality of tobacco, before tobacco fermentation, also comprise the step that tobacco leaf is sprayed to the fermenting agent, enzyme preparation and/or the biochemical regulator that are conducive to improve quality of tobacco; Described fermenting agent preferred yeast bacterium, monascus, lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria, bacillus, micrococcus luteus, thermophilic actinomycete, pseudomonad, have a liking for one or more mix bacterium agents in nicotine arthrobacterium; One or more mixing enzyme preparations in the preferred chlorophyllase of described enzyme preparation, LOX, nicotine dehydrogenase, amylase, lipase, protease, carbohydrase, pectase, cellulase, invertase.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises " fermentation modulation type " the tobacco leaf product that adopts the inventive method modulation to obtain, and the tobacco formulation goods or the cigarette products that contain this Novel tobacco leaf; Also comprise and take tobacco extract, tobacco extract, essential oil of tobaccos or the tobacco response fragrance product that described fermentation modulation type tobacco leaf product prepared as raw material and the application in tobacco formulation goods, reconstituted tobacoo, stem goods or cigarette products as additive of described tobacco extract, tobacco extract, essential oil of tobaccos or tobacco response fragrance product.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises the heap fermentation case that grows tobacco, casing and case lid that it is made by foamed plastics material or insulation material form, casing side approaches position at the bottom of case has 1 to several equally distributed diameters passage that is 0.3～3cm, and top, casing side approaches caping position and is provided with 1 to several diameters tool plug blow vent that is 1.0～5cm; Inner surface at the bottom of cabinet wall and case is smooth, or is designed with equally distributed groove, projection, makes surface rough and uneven in surface.
The advantage of the inventive method is:
1, adopt fermentation method modulation tobacco leaf of the present invention, tobacco leaf chemical composition particularly fragrance transforms and flavescence becomes brown sufficient reacting, tabacco fragrance and alcohol and degree improve, and especially the tobacco leaf with burley tobaccos aromatic style of modulation can, without natural alcoholization or artificial fermentation, be directly used in cigarette composition.
2, in modulated process, can realize zero energy consumption, or low energy consumption, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
3, the inventive method not only can modulate typical flue-cured tobacco style tobacco leaf, also can modulate special odor type tobacco leaf, as there is the tobacco leaf of alcohol and burley tobaccos aromatic style or have flue-cured tobacco concurrently and the mixing odor type tobacco leaf of air-curing of tobacco leaves aromatic style etc., improve cured tobacco leaf availability, for cigarette or the tobacco industry provide abundanter raw tobacco material resource.
4, owing to adopting fermentation modulation technique, to Maturity of Tobacco Leaf without strict demand, the tobacco leaf of gathering can be selected the underdone tobacco leaf to proper mature (ripe) any maturity in period, the various tobacco leaves that comprise pin leaf, top, " black sudden and violent " leaf, also can utilize land for growing field crops cigarette wooden fork and cigarette top waste material, for new way has been opened up in the modulation utilization of the improper Mature Tobacco Leaves of vega and waste material resource.
The specific embodiment
Below will by embodiment, the invention will be further described, these descriptions are not to be further limited content of the present invention; What the technical characterictic of content of the present invention was done is equal to replacement, or improves accordingly, within still belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
In cigarette strain Topping Stage, the land for growing field crops undercure pin leaf of gathering, these pin leaves are conventionally struck off under routine techniques condition, and abandon need not, method of operating of the present invention is: tobacco leaf is evenly intersected and put in insulation foamed plastic case, after filling, build case lid, smoke box is placed on and in day-light greenhouse, carries out heap fermentation; The inner length of described foam plastic reservoir is 60cm * 45cm * 35cm, wall thickness 3cm, and cabinet wall is designed with equally distributed vertical wavy groove, and at the bottom of case, inner surface is designed to equally distributed corrugated, rough and uneven in surface, is beneficial to case inner air flow; Four sides of casing approach the passage that there are several equally distributed diameter 0.5cm position at the bottom of case, and casing one end side surface top approaches the blow vent that tops is provided with a diameter 2.5cm; After boxing tobacco leaf, first with stopper, stop up top blow vent, take 25 smoke boxes as one group, 4 groups of smoke boxes are put side by side by two row's bilayers, the about 5cm of spacing between two rows, blow vent toward the outer side, is beneficial to operation, forms the case being comprised of 100 smoke boxes and piles, once can fermentation process 650～750kg fresh tobacco leaf, technological condition for fermentation is:
The fermentation calefaction stage: ferment after 2 days, the heat that utilizes tobacco fermentation to produce, cigarette stack temperature rises to 37 ℃ by environment temperature;
Fermentation yellowing stage: open blow vent, make hot-air free convection in case, Ventilated damp-removed, is controlled at 34～40 ℃ by cigarette stack temperature, and after 3 days, tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 80%;
Yellowing degree is reached to 80% tobacco leaf and tie up bar, be hung on the air-curing of tobacco leaves frame in day-light greenhouse, under 35～55 ℃ of conditions, tobacco leaf airing is extremely dry, what obtain moisture content 12%～14% take lemon yellow as main, has the modulation tobacco leaf product of typical tobacco aroma style.
Embodiment bis-
According to the method for embodiment mono-, yellowing degree is reached to 100% tobacco leaf and tie up bar, be hung on the air-curing of tobacco leaves frame in day-light greenhouse, under 28～45 ℃ of conditions, tobacco leaf airing is extremely dry, what obtain moisture content 12%～14% take yellowish-brown as main, has the modulation tobacco leaf product of flue-cured tobacco and air-curing of tobacco leaves aromatic style concurrently.
Embodiment tri-
According to the method for embodiment mono-, the tobacco leaf of fermentation flavescence is continued to fermentation, make tobacco leaf enter fermentation and become the palm fibre stage, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, cigarette stack temperature is controlled to 36～45 ℃, after 3 days, tobacco leaf becomes brown degree and reaches 90%～100%, and fragrance appears; Tobacco leaf is hung on the air-curing of tobacco leaves frame drying in the air in being placed on day-light greenhouse, under 35～45 ℃ of conditions, tobacco leaf airing is extremely dry, what obtain moisture content 12%～14% take sepia as main, has the modulation tobacco leaf product of alcohol and burley tobaccos aromatic style.
Embodiment tetra-
Maturity period after cigarette strain is pinched, the middle part of the improper maturation in land for growing field crops of gathering " black sudden and violent " leaf, poor availability after routine techniques modulation for the tobacco leaf picking of these improper maturations, tobacco grower often abandons modulation, method of operating of the present invention is: tobacco leaf petiole end is cut apart from blade tip 1/3 part need not, and by the liquid complex enzyme formulation of 0.5% consumption foliage-spray, then by blade tip upward homogeneous reactor be placed in netted cigarette basket, cigarette basket is long, wide, height is 80cm * 55cm * 50cm, take 25 cigarette baskets as one group, 2 groups of cigarette baskets are put side by side by two rows, the about 5cm of spacing between two rows, the basket heap that formation is comprised of 50 cigarette baskets, once can fermentation process 700～800kg fresh tobacco leaf, basket heap plastic foil covering and heat insulating, be arranged in hot house, technological condition for fermentation is:
The fermentation calefaction stage: heat-preservation fermentation, after 2 days, utilizes the heat of tobacco fermentation generation, and cigarette stack temperature rises to 37 ℃ by environment temperature;
Fermentation yellowing stage: suitably open plastic foil, make hot-air free convection in basket heap, Ventilated damp-removed, is controlled at 35～42 ℃ by cigarette stack temperature, every 2 days by basket in tobacco leaf stir once, after 6 days, tobacco leaf yellowing degree reaches 80～100%;
Yellowing degree is reached to 100% tobacco leaf and send in microwave vacuum dryer, dry under 35～45 ℃ of conditions, what obtain moisture content 12%～14% take lemon yellow, orange as main, has the modulation tobacco leaf product of typical tobacco aroma style.
In basket, fully a small amount of residue tobacco leaf of flavescence does not continue fermentation flavescence after concentrating, and sends into microwave vacuum dryer dry after 2 days.
Embodiment five
Collect the cigarette top producing when cigarette strain is pinched, the consumption by 2.0% sprays after composite fermentation microbial inoculum, and homogeneous reactor is placed in ground, at ground paving setting tool burlap pad, forms wide 2.0m in advance, the long cigarette ridge of high 40cm, and cigarette heap surface covers with plastic foil; Cigarette heap is arranged in hot house, and technological condition for fermentation is:
The fermentation calefaction stage: heat-preservation fermentation, after 2 days, utilizes the heat of cigarette top fermenation generation, and cigarette stack temperature rises to 38 ℃ by environment temperature;
Fermentation yellowing stage: suitably open plastic foil, Ventilated damp-removed, is controlled at 32～40 ℃ by cigarette stack temperature, stirred cigarette heap once every 2 days, and after 8 days, change micro-yellow degree in cigarette top reaches 80% left and right;
Fermentation becomes the palm fibre stage: every 1 day, cigarette heap is stirred once, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, cigarette stack temperature is controlled to 36～45 ℃, make cigarette top become brown degree and reach 90%～100% after 6 days;
By becoming brown degree, reach on the ground of tobacco leaf airing dried and clean in hot house of 90%～100%, shining dries in the air is dried to moisture content 12%～14%, obtains outward appearance sepia, has the modulation cigarette top product of burley tobaccos aromatic style.
Embodiment six
According to the method adjustment of embodiment bis-, obtain having the modulation pin leaf product of typical burley tobaccos aromatic style, with 10% ratio, allocate blended type cigarette formula into.
Embodiment seven
According to the method modulation of embodiment tetra-, obtain having the modulation tobacco leaf product of typical tobacco aroma style, with 15% ratio, allocate Virginian-type cigarette formula into.
Embodiment eight
The cigarette top product that embodiment five modulation of take obtain is raw material, according to routine techniques, extracts and obtains tobacco extract product.
Embodiment nine
The tobacco extract product of embodiment eight preparation of take is raw material, according to routine techniques, prepares browning reaction spices, as feed liquid, by 10% consumption, adds in stem or tobacco sheets by paper making method.
Claims (15)
1. a cured tobacco leaf is modulated new method, it is characterized in that: the cured tobacco leaf of being gathered in field carries out fermentation process, tobacco leaf appearance character and intrinsic chemical composition are transformed to the direction that is conducive to quality of tobacco, to meet the demand of cigarette industry to raw tobacco material, comprise the following steps:
(1) the land for growing field crops tobacco leaf of gathering;
(2) tobacco leaf is carried out to fermentation process;
(3) tobacco leaf of proper fermentation being processed dehydrates.
2. a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described tobacco fermentation adopts following any one mode:
Mode one
Case dress fermentation mode: tobacco leaf Direct Uniform splendid attire is carried out to heap fermentation in foam plastic reservoir or incubator; Or first by the even splendid attire of tobacco leaf in penetrating cigarette basket, then cigarette basket is placed in to foam plastic reservoir or incubator carries out heap fermentation, described foam plastic reservoir or incubator are provided with at least one blow vent; In sweat, by opening and closing blow vent or case lid, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode two
Basket dress fermentation mode: first tobacco leaf evenly stacked or be placed in fully penetrating cigarette basket or professional tobacco leaf clamping device, more one or more Sheng cigarette basket dense arrangement are placed on and carry out heap fermentation in thermal environment or fermenting cellar; Described thermal environment is sunlight greenhouse, or adopts plastic foil, insulation material covering and heat insulating; Described fermenting cellar is provided with at least one air inlet and a gas outlet; In sweat, by opening and closing blow vent or taking off, cover cladding material, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode three
Storehouse formula fermentation mode: tobacco leaf is evenly banked up or be placed in the fermentation cabin that bottom is provided with loose gas web plate and carry out heap fermentation; Fermentation cabin is provided with at least one air inlet and a gas outlet; In sweat, by opening and closing blow vent, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode four
Trough type fermentation mode: tobacco leaf homogeneous reactor is placed in to fermentation tank or fermentation vat carries out heap fermentation; At the bottom of bottom land or pond, be equipped with in advance loose gas web plate, divide into ventilating opening, cigarette heap surface or top, groove pond cover with plastic foil or insulation material; In sweat, by taking off, cover cladding material or regulate ventilating opening aperture, in conjunction with regularly turning, control cigarette stack temperature and humidity;
Mode five
Level land heap fermentation mode: tobacco leaf homogeneous reactor is placed in to ground, or is stacked in advance to lay and has on the laying material of ventilation effect, form cigarette heap or long cigarette ridge, plastic foil or insulation material covering for cigarette heap surface; In sweat, by taking off, cover cladding material or turning adjusting cigarette stack temperature and humidity.
3. a kind of cured tobacco leaf according to claim 1 and 2 is modulated new method, it is characterized in that: described tobacco fermentation processing procedure comprises fermentation calefaction stage and fermentation yellowing stage, and process conditions are:
The fermentation calefaction stage: the time is 1～2 day, cigarette is piled to sealed thermal insulating fermentation, the heat that utilizes tobacco fermentation to produce, makes cigarette stack temperature rise to 32～38 ℃ by environment temperature;
Fermentation yellowing stage: the time is 2～8 days, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, is controlled at 32～45 ℃ by cigarette stack temperature, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach 80%～100%;
Overall fermentation time: 3～10 days.
4. a kind of cured tobacco leaf according to claim 1 and 2 is modulated new method, it is characterized in that: described tobacco fermentation processing procedure comprises that fermentation calefaction stage, fermentation yellowing stage and fermentation become the palm fibre stage, and process conditions are:
The fermentation calefaction stage: the time is 1～2 day, cigarette is piled to sealed thermal insulating fermentation, the heat that utilizes tobacco fermentation to produce, makes cigarette stack temperature rise to 32～38 ℃ by environment temperature;
Fermentation yellowing stage: the time is 2～8 days, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, is controlled at 32～45 ℃ by cigarette stack temperature, makes tobacco leaf yellowing degree reach 80%～100%;
Fermentation becomes the palm fibre stage: the time is 2～5 days, by adjusting cigarette heap ventilation dewetting, cigarette stack temperature is controlled to 32～50 ℃, makes tobacco leaf become brown degree and reaches 90%～100%;
Overall fermentation time: 5～15 days.
5. according to a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that: fermentation yellowing degree is reached to 80%～100% tobacco leaf and be placed in dry environment or dewater unit, making drying tobacco to moisture content is 10%～16%, obtain outward appearance and be lemon yellow, orange, pale brown or yellowish-brown, there is typical tobacco aroma style, or have the modulation tobacco leaf product of flue-cured tobacco and air-curing of tobacco leaves aromatic style concurrently.
6. according to a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method described in claim 1,2 or 4, it is characterized in that: fermentation is become to brown degree and reach 90%～100% tobacco leaf and be placed in dry environment or dewater unit, making drying tobacco to moisture content is 10%～16%, obtain outward appearance and be brown to sepia, there is typical air-curing of tobacco leaves aromatic style, or have the modulation tobacco leaf product of flue-cured tobacco and air-curing of tobacco leaves aromatic style concurrently.
7. according to a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method described in claim 1～6 any one, it is characterized in that: the mode of described drying tobacco adopts any one or a few the combined drying method in dryness in the sun method, hot-air seasoning, boulton process, freeze-drying, micro-wave drying method, light wave seasoning, solar energy drying method, far-infrared drying method, oven drying method.
8. according to a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method described in claim 1～6 any one, it is characterized in that: the fermentation of described tobacco leaf or the dry place of processing are arranged in day-light greenhouse.
9. a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the tobacco leaf of gathering be the underdone tobacco leaf to proper mature (ripe) any maturity in period.
10. a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the tobacco leaf of gathering comprise that cigarette strain is pinched and smear cigarette wooden fork and the Yan Ding that wooden fork produces.
11. a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before tobacco fermentation, also comprise tobacco leaf is removed to stalk, defoliation base or half leaf method treatment step.
12. a kind of cured tobacco leaf modulation new methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before tobacco fermentation, also comprise the step that tobacco leaf is sprayed to the fermenting agent, enzyme preparation and/or the biochemical regulator that are conducive to improve quality of tobacco.
13. according to the fermentation modulation type tobacco leaf product that described in claim 1～12 any one, the modulation of cured tobacco leaf modulation new method obtains, and the tobacco formulation goods or the cigarette products that contain this Novel tobacco leaf.
14. take tobacco extract, tobacco extract, essential oil of tobaccos or the tobacco response fragrance product that modulation type tobacco leaf product prepared as raw material that ferment described in claim 13 and the application in tobacco formulation goods, reconstituted tobacoo, stem goods or cigarette products as additive of described tobacco extract, tobacco extract, essential oil of tobaccos or tobacco response fragrance product.
The 15. 1 heap fermentation casees that grow tobacco, it is characterized in that: casing and case lid that it is made by foamed plastics material or insulation material form, casing side approaches position at the bottom of case has 1 to several equally distributed diameters passage that is 0.3～3cm, and top, casing side approaches caping position and is provided with 1 to several diameters tool plug blow vent that is 1.0～5cm; Inner surface at the bottom of cabinet wall and case is smooth, or is designed with equally distributed groove, projection, makes surface rough and uneven in surface.
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| CN113396792A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-17 | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司 | Comprehensive prevention and control method for cigar black storm phenomenon |
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