CN104856210B - A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time - Google Patents
A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104856210B CN104856210B CN201510163952.XA CN201510163952A CN104856210B CN 104856210 B CN104856210 B CN 104856210B CN 201510163952 A CN201510163952 A CN 201510163952A CN 104856210 B CN104856210 B CN 104856210B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fermentation
- nicotiana tabacum
- tobacco
- tobacco leaf
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 37
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000505673 Scintilla Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical group [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003181 biological factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003872 feeding technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 pH value Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time, comprise the following steps: the judgement of temperature deviation, the fermentation of two sections of Nicotiana tabacum L., fermentation termination in tobacco bale stacking, the stacking of steelframe cigarette cage, control room.Two sections of fermentation steps of described Nicotiana tabacum L.: by the moisture Nicotiana tabacum L. at 14-18%, fermenting, relative humidity for the previous period controls at 30-35%, temperature controls, at 35-50 DEG C, Nicotiana tabacum L. is carried out dehydration, fermentation leading portion makes the moisture in Nicotiana tabacum L. be reduced to 11-13%, phase controls relative humidity 60-70% after fermentation, temperature 35-50 DEG C.Adopting the method that moisture is fermented at the top junior tobacco leaf of 16-18%, substantially reduce fermentation time, shorten 1-2 than normal fermentation, the quality of tobacco after fermentation is greatly improved simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco fermentation method, specifically a kind of method shortening upper tobacco leaf fermentation time.
Background technology
Current China Nicotiana tabacum L. total amount equilibrium of supply and demand, but structure conflict highlights.From current cigarette enterprise inventory structures, having significant proportion is upper smoke (6, top leaf), and industry natural alcoholization required time is long, and other raw tobacco materials unmatched problem on the natural alcoholization time have impact on level in raw material guarantee to a certain extent.
Alcohol metallization processes cigarette industry after deliberation for many years, but is mainly the research that moisture is carried out cigarette at the finished product sheet cigarette of 11-13%, finished product, and first flue-cured tobacco moisture is had no report in the junior tobacco leaf alcoholization of 16-18% and implemented.Because Nicotiana tabacum L. water content is too high, after alcoholization, color is excessively deep, and fragrance loss is relatively big, and the demand direction of raw material is misfitted by this and Chinese-style cigarette.
General method for alcoholizing differentiation natural alcoholization and artificial ageing, natural alcoholization is to be deposited in warehouse by Nicotiana tabacum L. by certain requirement, and by controlling certain humidity, the alcoholization carried out when sometimes also controlling uniform temperature, the alcoholization time is 1-3.The alcoholization process of Nicotiana tabacum L. there occurs the change of a series of chemical composition.
Natural alcoholization effect is better, but there is also deficiency, mainly has: one is rich in nutrient substance and long-term and external environment condition close contact because of Nicotiana tabacum L., it is easy to infested；Two is in spring, summer, autumn and winter Four seasons change process, because temperature, humidity change greatly, Nicotiana tabacum L. is easy to generation and goes mouldy；Three is that color is easy to browning, deepens because Nicotiana tabacum L. contacts with excess air for a long time, so the natural alcoholization time can not be long, generally not can exceed that 3 years.
Flue-cured tobacco artificial fermentation mainly has following several technology:
A, 50 DEG C of fermentation methods: require: temperature: 50 DEG C, relative humidity: 65%, time: about 10-15 days.
(1) temperature rise period: purpose is that tobacco bale temperature is brought up to fermentation temperature.Non-productive stage, the heating-up time is longer, and the utilization rate of fermenting cellar is just lower, but is inevitable.Its reason is: first, heats up too fast, while keeping relative humidity, it may appear that dew condensation phenomenon.Second, moisture thermal diffusion rule is followed in moisture movement in tobacco bale, (namely mobile to the place that temperature is low by the place that temperature is high), therefore heating up when fermentation too fast, tobacco bale heat conductivity is poor in addition, and the moisture that will make tobacco bale surface is internal mobile to tobacco bale, causing bag table overdrying, the bag heart is excessively damp.This is than relatively hazardous phenomenon.In order to avoid the generation of this phenomenon, in the fermentation calefaction stage, it is necessary to be that bag table temperature bag heart temperature difference controls within the scope of 10-12 DEG C, and be gradually reduced.Temperature: room temperature 50 DEG C, relative humidity: 50-60%, time: 2-3 days.
(2) holding stage: purpose is that tobacco bale temperature is maintained fermentation temperature.Real fermentation temperature.Relative humidity: 60-65%.The difference of Bao Wenyu room temperature is at 1-1.5 DEG C.
Difference according to Nicotiana tabacum L. water content can adopt different relative humiditys: dry method is fermented: relative humidity 35-40%, and the tobacco leaf picking bigger for water content is used.Wet-fermentation: relative humidity 70-75%, the tobacco leaf picking less for water content is used.
(3) temperature-fall period: purpose is to reduce tobacco bale temperature.Time: 2-3 days, temperature 20-25 DEG C, relative humidity 70-75%.Total fermentation time: upper medium grade cigarette about 10-15 days.
B, 55 DEG C of fermentation method objects: the Nicotiana tabacum L. such as bend down, condition: temperature 55 DEG C, relative humidity 60-65%, the time: than 50 DEG C of fermentation methods 3-5 days.
C, 60 DEG C of fermentation method objects: rudimentary coarse Nicotiana tabacum L..Purpose: reduce zest, miscellaneous QI etc., and be left out other quality aspects.
D, low temperature and ultralow temperature fermentation.Zhumadian cigarette factory utilizes test for many years, it is proposed that this concept.40 grades of Nicotiana tabacum L. standards, Nicotiana tabacum L. color general relatively deep, gloss is dark, and tobacco tissue loosens, and has reached the color and luster after fermentation, therefore uses low temperature fermentation constant with the color that keeps Nicotiana tabacum L. or few changes.
The development trend of alcoholization technology:
A, the microorganism upgrading effect in tobacco mellowing process:
It is generally believed that microorganism plays an important role in tobacco mellowing process, therefore more researcher adopts the mode at tobacco leaf surface microbe inoculation to promote tobacco mellowing efficiency, thus improving quality of tobacco.Vaccination ways mainly adopts single or mixed bacterial inoculation mode.Generally adopt single culture, and Han Jinfeng etc. adopt the biological preparation screening the dominant bacteria mixture obtained for tobacco mellowing, can effectively accelerate tobacco mellowing process, improve quality of tobacco, have the effect suppressing to go mouldy simultaneously.The biological preparation that Wang Yonghua etc. are also adopted by preparing with the bacillus subtilis of certain proportion mixture, lactic acid bacteria and yeast is for, in alcoholized tobacco, can substantially shorten fermentation period
The upgrading effect in tobacco mellowing process of B, enzyme:
In tobacco mellowing process, needed for general chemical reaction, activation energy is higher, and enzyme when low-activation energy also can substrate specificity, and transformation efficiency is higher.Therefore, in complicated tobacco mellowing process, enzyme also plays very important effect.But due to complicated component in Nicotiana tabacum L., the reaction occurred in alcoholization process is more, and the enzyme therefore related to is complex, and there is reciprocal influence.Based on this, enzyme is applied in tobacco mellowing process by present stage, and the mode being generally adopted the addition of compound enzyme system carries out.
C, component work in coordination with the upgrading effect in tobacco mellowing process:
It can be seen that tobacco mellowing process is complicated, a dependence synergistic process of different component from the mechanism of tobacco mellowing.If the effect of efficient combination microorganism, enzyme and other components, tobacco mellowing process can be improved better, thus promoting quality of tobacco.
D, other model of action upgrading effect tobacco mellowing process in tobacco mellowing process is generally influenced by two factors, respectively physical factor (temperature, humidity etc.) and biological factor (microorganism, enzyme etc.), physical factor also plays an important role wherein.It addition, the change of alcohol metallization processes also will have influence on tobacco mellowing process.Therefore for improving tobacco mellowing process, researcher is also had to probe into physics mode process, addition active component, alcoholization process modification, reinforced ageing technology and capsule technique etc.
Physics mode effect.For improving tobacco mellowing process, domestic have part researcher to adopt physics mode to act on tobacco mellowing process.Ultraviolet and ozone application in tobacco mellowing process, are utilized the oxidative function of ultraviolet-sterilization and ozone, effectively improve tobacco mellowing process by Yu Yongmao and Luo Jiaji；Liu Weijuan adopts high-voltage electrostatic field to process Nicotiana tabacum L., it has been found that the assorted taste of green grass or young crops that can be obviously improved in cigarette perfume (or spice) and excitement.Wang Meng expresses etc. by microwave treatment sleep process, and result also in Nicotiana tabacum L. internal substance has significant change.
Add active component.Present stage research is thought, adds Chinese herbal medicine constituent part, also has certain health-care effect while improving quality of tobacco, is therefore adopted by part research and adds the solution of alcoholized being made up of Chinese herbal medicine extract for improving tobacco mellowing process.
The improvement of alcohol metallization processes.Wang Dengxi etc. utilize the waste heat accelerating fermentation of leaf tobacco by use of beating and double roasting, by moisture be 10%～13%, temperature be that 40～70 DEG C of mechanically baked hot tobacoo bags are placed on the buttress base laying counterdie, again by insulation, moisture absorption, row reveals material and volume seat cylinder is covered each by, hangs buttress surrounding and keep flat buttress top, reaching the purpose of tobacco natural alcoholization in 6～8 months, after fermentation, Nicotiana tabacum L. color and luster is good.Zhuo Weimin adopts the mode of twice alcoholization, combine by low temperature alcoholization process and leaves moisting operation, high temperature alcoholization with baking silk combine, finally then through vacuum puffed sizing, cigarette flavor can be obviously improved.
Adopt the solution of alcoholized tobacco that the kinds of traditional Chinese medicines such as Lignum Santali Albi, Fructus Foeniculi, Flos Lonicerae are made, catalysis tobacco fermentation, it is possible to shorten the fermentation time of 1/3～1/2, reduce tobacco tar content, extend the Medicated cigarette holding time, there is certain health care；Liu's communications etc. adopt the active component of natural plants and the biochemical preparation of part enzyme preparation can effectively promote Nicotiana tabacum L. interior quality.
Reinforced ageing technology.Tobacco feeding ageing technology is one of emphasis of comparatively paying close attention to of tobacco business, is broadly divided into that beating and double roasting is reinforced and sleep feeding technique present stage according to cigarette process, and tobacco mellowing is all had certain facilitation by the reinforced of two ways.Mouding is flourish etc. reports the research of the reinforced ageing of redried B2F, it has been found that reinforced can shorten the tobacco mellowing time
Scintilla capsule technique.Scintilla capsule technique is applied in perfuming cigarette and wafer processes to have relevant report as a kind of comparatively novel method, but the report being applied in tobacco mellowing process by this technology is less.At present, the scintilla capsule technique that Wu Yi etc. adopts is applied in redried leaf tobacco, achieves good effect, can shorten the alcoholization cycle, and can effectively promote the interior quality of Nicotiana tabacum L..
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of prior art, it is provided that a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time, it is achieved following goal of the invention:
(1) for the feature that Shandong upper tobacco leaf for shelf-stable, miscellaneous QI are relatively heavy, by measures such as manual control temperature, humidity, ventilations, change Nicotiana tabacum L. inherence composition, accelerate the junior tobacco leaf fermentation alcoholization time, more effectively promote quality of tobacco.
(2) providing a kind of junior tobacco leaf for the first flue-cured tobacco moisture in Shandong at 16-18%, the storage link before beating and double roasting carries out the fermentation process of artificial fermentation, can keep the original color and luster of Nicotiana tabacum L. and fragrance.
(3) adopting this fermentation process, by about 3 years original natural fermentation time, fermentation time reduction was 26 days.
(4) generation of browning reaction is prevented.
(5) solve miscellaneous QI and the zest problem that upper tobacco leaf still exists after natural fermentation, improve upper tobacco leaf quality and availability.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time, comprises the following steps: the judgement of temperature deviation, the fermentation of two sections of Nicotiana tabacum L., fermentation termination in tobacco bale stacking, the stacking of steelframe cigarette cage, control room；
Two sections of fermentation steps of described Nicotiana tabacum L.: by the moisture Nicotiana tabacum L. at 14-18%, controlling at 30-35% at the relative humidity for the previous period that ferments, temperature controls, at 35-50 DEG C, Nicotiana tabacum L. is carried out dehydration；
Two sections of fermentation steps of described Nicotiana tabacum L.: fermentation leading portion makes the moisture in Nicotiana tabacum L. be reduced to 11-13%；
Two sections of fermentation steps of described Nicotiana tabacum L.: the phase controls relative humidity 60-70% after fermentation, temperature 35-50 DEG C；
Temperature deviation step in described control room: ventilate and adopt the mode of low in and high out, it is ensured that at the temperature deviation of vertical and parallel direction within ± 1 DEG C；
Described tobacco bale stacks step: can heat and moisture preserving, free from extraneous odour fermentation worker-house in, tobacco bale is each heavy 50 kilograms, puts 5 bags for every layer, and point two-layer is staggered stacks；
Described tobacco bale stacks step: tobacco bale is put in long × wide × high=steelframe cigarette cage of 1.8 meters 1.45 meters × 1.89 meters with 1 ton for a unit；
The stacking step of described steelframe cigarette cage: each steelframe cigarette cage divide three layers four row stack, the height of 24cm is vacated in steelframe cigarette cage bottom, cigarette cage all around between distance more than 50cm；
The judgement step of described fermentation termination: after fermentation, pH value declines more than 6.0% flue-cured tobacco than before fermentation, and iodine number raises more than 200% than before fermentation, it is judged that fermentation has reached the technical specification required；
Adopting described fermentation process, fermentation time is 24-26 days.
Adopt above technical scheme, have the advantages that
(1) for the feature that Shandong upper tobacco leaf for shelf-stable, miscellaneous QI are relatively heavy, by measures such as manual control temperature, humidity, ventilations, change Nicotiana tabacum L. inherence composition, accelerate the junior tobacco leaf fermentation alcoholization time, more effectively promote quality of tobacco.
(2) providing a kind of junior tobacco leaf for the first flue-cured tobacco moisture in Shandong at 16-18%, the storage link before beating and double roasting carries out the fermentation process of artificial fermentation, can keep the original color and luster of Nicotiana tabacum L. and fragrance.
(3) adopting this fermentation process, by about 3 years original natural fermentation time, fermentation time reduction was 24-26 days.
(4) generation of browning reaction is prevented.
(5) solve miscellaneous QI and the zest problem that upper tobacco leaf still exists after natural fermentation, improve upper tobacco leaf quality and availability.
(6) Nicotiana tabacum L. by fermentation after, gas angry, blue or green eliminate；Miscellaneous QI substantially eliminates；Old cigarette breath appears；Fragrance is pure；Zest and pleasant impression significantly alleviate in various degree；Smoke turns dense；Micro-turn of color is deep；Gloss keeps substantially；Upper tobacco leaf fragrance purity improves.
(7) after fermentation, in Nicotiana tabacum L., solubility acid increases and the minimizing of solubility alkaloids, and flue-cured tobacco pH value after fermentation declines 6% than before fermentation, thus substantially improving suction taste.
(8) after fermentation, in Nicotiana tabacum L., iodine number is greatly improved than before fermentation.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time, comprises the following steps:
1, tobacco bale is stacked:
Can heat and moisture preserving, free from extraneous odour fermentation worker-house in, tobacco bale is each heavy 50 kilograms, puts 5 bags for every layer, and point two-layer is staggered stacks.Tobacco bale with 1 ton for a unit be put in long × wide ×
In × high=steelframe cigarette the cage of 1.8 meters 1.45 meters × 1.89 meters.
2, the stacking of steelframe cigarette cage
Each steelframe cigarette cage divides three layers four row to stack, and the height of 24cm is vacated in steelframe cigarette cage bottom.Both facilitated and chosen cage for fork truck, be also cigarette cage appropriate distance in-between, cigarette cage all around between distance more than 50cm, it is ensured that tobacco bale and cigarette cage have certain ventilation suitable distance between up and down.
3, temperature deviation in control room
What in room, connection and reasonable arrangement was sufficient enters air draft airduct, and airduct inlet and outlet is uniformly distributed in worker-house, and airduct distance, less than 2 meters, is ventilated and adopted the mode of low in and high out, it is ensured that at the temperature deviation of vertical and parallel direction within ± 1 DEG C.
4, indoor temperature and humidity is controlled
Configuring high-precision temperature and humidity control equipment, equipment can guarantee that in worker-house, temperature is at 0-70 DEG C, relative humidity at 25%-75%, control deviation be temperature within ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity is within ± 1.5%.
5, two sections of Nicotiana tabacum L. fermentation
By the moisture top junior tobacco leaf at 16-18%, controlling at 30-35% at the relative humidity for the previous period that ferments, temperature controls, at 35-50 DEG C, Nicotiana tabacum L. is carried out dehydration, makes the moisture in Nicotiana tabacum L. be reduced to 11-13%；
Phase relative humidity requires to be arranged between 60-70% according to fermentation dynamics after fermentation, and temperature is arranged between 35-50 DEG C.
6, the judgement of fermentation termination
A, by ferment after Nicotiana tabacum L. breath judge:
The irritating raw blue or green gas and the soil miscellaneous QI that contain before fermentation substantially reduce, and the soft and graceful fragrance of Nicotiana tabacum L. reveals, and fragrance is pure, and fragrance becomes stronger；
The change of the change of B, color and chemical composition:
Micro-turn of color is deep, and gloss keeps substantially；
After fermentation, pH value declines more than 6% flue-cured tobacco than before fermentation, inhales taste and is substantially improved；Fermentation is significantly raised to iodine number after certain natural law, then sharply raises knowing in the time, and ratio raises more than 200% when not fermenting, thus judging the technical specification having reached to require of fermenting, fermentation time is 24-26 days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time:
Place: in experiment fermentation worker-house.
The non-redrying grade Nicotiana tabacum L. of raw material: Shandong B2F, B3F two, each class 45 tons, utilize steelframe cigarette cage to be positioned over tobacco bale, point three layers is stacked, interval 24cm between every layer, spacing 50cm between steelframe cigarette cage, is positioned in conditioning fermentation worker-house.
Detection moisture content in leaves is 17.2%.
Two sections of fermentation parameters of Nicotiana tabacum L.:
Worker-house temperature sets 40 DEG C for the previous period, and relative humidity is 35%, leading portion fermentation time 12 days.
Back segment time worker-house temperature sets 40 DEG C, and relative humidity is 65%, back segment fermentation time 14 days.
Respectively when fermentation time is 0 day, 2 days, 4 days, 6 days, 8 days, 10 days, 12 days, 14 days, 16 days, 18 days, 20 days, 22 days, 24 days and 26 days, measure the index of correlation of Nicotiana tabacum L..
Smoke panel test the preparation of sample:
Nicotiana tabacum L. takes representational Nicotiana tabacum L. 2-3kg, is divided into two along master pulse by blade and cuts off, be evenly divided into two parts before starting fermentation, and half puts back to former tobacco bale, participates in the overall process of tobacco fermentation；Portion is placed in the sales kit (SK) of less than 15 DEG C and seals up for safekeeping, in order to the use that comparison is smoked panel test.Before fermentation nearly terminates, take out sample and comparative sample in bag and compare.
Before tobacco fermentation starts, first flue-cured tobacco is carried out former succi Nicotiana tabacum L. divide, chemical composition detection, in sweat, moisture content in leaves, temperature in the tobacco bale in 2 days one-time detection fermenting houses, detection chemical composition situation of change；The situation of change of 2 days one time organoleptic examination Nicotiana tabacum L. color.
Tobacco bale temperature and moisture in table 1 sweat
As can be seen from Table 1:
Prolongation over time, moisture content in leaves experienced by one from high to low, in process from low to high, this procedure avoids Nicotiana tabacum L. browning reaction during the fermentation, it is ensured that Nicotiana tabacum L. color and luster.
The change of nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, total potassium, pH value, iodine number in table 2 sweat
As can be seen from Table 2: the prolongation over time in alcoholization process of nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar has the trend of reduction, and nicotine content is dropped to 3.02% by 3.24% when not fermenting.Chlorine, potassium changes of contents little, pH value is gradually lowered along with the prolongation of alcoholization time, and in this test, pH value reduces by 6.3%, iodine number started quickly to rise to 1.43 when 22 days, very fast during by 26 days rise to 2.27, than 22 days time iodine number improve 58.7%, improve 203% than iodine number before fermentation.
Table 3 fermentation and the contrast of non-fermenting tobacco leaf performance indications
As can be seen from Table 3: compared with fermenting tobacco leaf compares with non-fermenting tobacco leaf, fragrance texture is greatly promoted, and the property sent out is better thoroughly, and miscellaneous QI alleviates, and flue gas form has improvement, and better, pleasant impression comfortableness has improvement.
Embodiment 3
Method according to embodiment 2, changes the technological parameter in two sections of fermentations, and result of the test is as follows:
Technological parameter in the fermentation of 4 two sections of table
Compared with after the fermentation of embodiment 3, embodiment 4, tobacco fermentation Nicotiana tabacum L. compares with non-fermenting tobacco leaf, fragrance texture is greatly promoted, and the property sent out is better thoroughly, and miscellaneous QI alleviates, and flue gas form has improvement, and better, pleasant impression comfortableness has improvement.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature carries out equivalent replacement.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps: the judgement of temperature deviation, the fermentation of two sections of Nicotiana tabacum L., fermentation termination in tobacco bale stacking, the stacking of steelframe cigarette cage, control room；
Two sections of fermentation steps of described Nicotiana tabacum L.: by the moisture Nicotiana tabacum L. at 14-18%, controlling at 30-35% at the relative humidity for the previous period that ferments, temperature controls, at 35-50 DEG C, Nicotiana tabacum L. is carried out dehydration；Phase controls relative humidity 60-70% after fermentation, temperature 35-50 DEG C.
2. a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: two sections of fermentation steps of described Nicotiana tabacum L.: fermentation leading portion makes the moisture in Nicotiana tabacum L. be reduced to 11-13%.
3. a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: temperature deviation step in described control room: ventilate and adopt the mode of low in and high out, it is ensured that at the temperature deviation of vertical and parallel direction within ± 1 DEG C.
4. a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tobacco bale stack step: can heat and moisture preserving, free from extraneous odour fermentation worker-house in, tobacco bale is each heavy 50 kilograms, puts 5 bags for every layer, and point two-layer is staggered stacks.
5. a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described tobacco bale stacks step: tobacco bale is put in long × wide × high=steelframe cigarette cage of 1.8 meters × 1.45 meters × 1.89 meters with 1 ton for a unit.
6. a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the stacking step of described steelframe cigarette cage: each steelframe cigarette cage point three layers four row are stacked, the height of 24cm is vacated in steelframe cigarette cage bottom, cigarette cage all around between distance more than 50cm.
7. a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the judgement step of described fermentation termination: flue-cured tobacco is after fermentation, pH value declines more than 6.0% than before fermentation, iodine number raises more than 200% than before fermentation, it is judged that fermentation has reached the technical specification required.
8. a kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: adopting described fermentation process, fermentation time is 24-26 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510163952.XA CN104856210B (en) | 2015-04-09 | 2015-04-09 | A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510163952.XA CN104856210B (en) | 2015-04-09 | 2015-04-09 | A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104856210A CN104856210A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN104856210B true CN104856210B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
Family
ID=53902734
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510163952.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104856210B (en) | 2015-04-09 | 2015-04-09 | A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104856210B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105192878B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for fermenting cigar filling leaves |
| CN110679986A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-14 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of next-low-grade tobacco leaves |
| CN111990684B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-07-05 | 内蒙古昆明卷烟有限责任公司 | Method for treating tobacco leaves by biological enzyme, and prepared tobacco leaves and cigarettes |
| CN112450477A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-09 | 河北白沙烟草有限责任公司保定卷烟厂 | Tobacco lamina fermentation method |
| CN112971191A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco redrying method capable of preserving fragrance and removing impurities |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2225146C2 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2004-03-10 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий | Method for tobacco fermentation |
| CN1305419C (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2007-03-21 | 蚌埠卷烟厂 | Fast deep tobacco fermenting method |
| GR1006991B (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-27 | Μισσιριαν Α.Ε., | Fermentation method for eastern-type tobacco |
| CN101803800A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-18 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for accelerating fermentation of tobacco leaves |
| CN102860580A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-09 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Biological agent for improving tobacco quality on upper portion of flue-cured tobacco, preparation method and application of biological agent |
| CN103892456B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-02-01 | 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 | Flue-cured tobacco fermentation process |
-
2015
- 2015-04-09 CN CN201510163952.XA patent/CN104856210B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104856210A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104856210B (en) | A kind of method shortening top junior tobacco leaf fermentation time | |
| CN101857833B (en) | Standardized and industrialized production process for Shanxi mature vinegar | |
| CN101717710B (en) | Tibetan incense type white spirit and brewing process thereof | |
| CN104336197B (en) | Method for preparing black poria cocos tea | |
| CN101073344B (en) | Post-fermentation of tea | |
| CN101322580B (en) | Fermentation production method of tobacco leaves | |
| CN104223352B (en) | A kind of Radix Glycyrrhizae fermentation gained tobacco aromatics using and application thereof | |
| CN104651199A (en) | Method of making liquor by virtue of solid fermentation with bamboos as fluff | |
| CN105695276A (en) | Method for making baijiu through nine-crop nine-step making technology | |
| CN105886315A (en) | Method for brewing super-mature vinegar by adopting red yeast prepared from tartary buckwheat | |
| CN103169153B (en) | Method for improving internal quality of low-class tobacco through solid fermentation | |
| CN103013762B (en) | Sesame aroma type special wine liquor yeast and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102660428A (en) | Preparation technology for drenched rice wine yeast | |
| CN105255701A (en) | Method for brewing pure grain vinegar | |
| CN103583713A (en) | Method for preparing puer tea by adopting bamboo basket fermentation | |
| CN106755119A (en) | A kind of method that compound microorganism ferments lift tobacco sheet quality | |
| CN103535849A (en) | New flue-cured tobacco leaf concocting method, tobacco products and application | |
| CN103564636B (en) | Curing method for air-cured tobacco, tobacco leaf product and purpose | |
| CN106306151A (en) | Quick fermentation method of Pu'er tea | |
| CN104629977A (en) | Method for producing Maotai-flavor Daqu | |
| CN107047840A (en) | A kind of method of the high-quality and efficient fermentation of puerh tea | |
| CN103451108B (en) | Aureobasidium pullulans OF-01 strain and method for preparing endogenous derived flavor OF tobacco by using same | |
| CN110499223A (en) | Distilled liquor brewage process | |
| CN108903049A (en) | A method of using biotechnology alcoholization fermentation " fresh and sweet fragrant " type cured tobacco leaf | |
| CN104430681B (en) | A kind of rice tailored flour for bread and manufacture method and application |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| EXSB | Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160706 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |