CN104336197B - Method for preparing black poria cocos tea - Google Patents
Method for preparing black poria cocos tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN104336197B CN104336197B CN201410082094.1A CN201410082094A CN104336197B CN 104336197 B CN104336197 B CN 104336197B CN 201410082094 A CN201410082094 A CN 201410082094A CN 104336197 B CN104336197 B CN 104336197B
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- folium camelliae
- camelliae sinensis
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of black poria cocos tea and in particular relates to a method for preparing black poria cocos tea. The method comprises the processes of selection by winnowing, cold fermentation, color sorting, blending, heat fermentation, tea weighing, tea stewing, compaction, flower spreading, drying and the like. The enzymatic reaction of microorganisms during the process of making tea leaves is promoted by means of the cold fermentation, the heat fermentation and extension of flower spreading, so that substance components of tea leaves are improved through the fermentation of the microorganisms, the good taste of the tea leaves is obtained in advance, and the post-fermentation period of the product is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to black FUCHA technical field, more particularly to a kind of black FUCHA manufacture method.
Background technology
Postfermented tea is one of six basic greatly teas, and black FUCHA is most characteristic product in postfermented tea, is post-fermented tea.Postfermented tea
Typical process flow be complete, just rub, pile fermentation, rub again, be dried.And black FUCHA is processed further on the Process ba- sis of postfermented tea,
Through sorting, sieve series, pile fermentation, the operation such as suppress, grow dim, drying, thus generating distinctive " JINHUA " composition, " JINHUA " is to add
By so one special program of growing dim in work making, specially in the fragment of brick of postfermented tea, culture one kind is called " Eurotium cristatum "
Aspergillus cristatus material.JINHUA is dry to smell the light delicate fragrance taste just with a kind of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni, and will be with this special bacterium of JINHUA
During the FUCHA bubble drink of class, that fragrance of a flower becomes and incorporates among millet paste, is turned into the flavour of tea and more mellow micro-puckery, pure thick, mouth
Sense is powerful, and JINHUA can be effectively facilitated regulation metabolism, plays health care and pathology preventive effect.
During displaying, the Eurotium cristatum in Folium Camelliae sinensis makes tea polyphenols in Folium Camelliae sinensis, catechin, tea ammonia to general postfermented tea
Acid, tea polysaccharide, alkaloid etc. develop into the materials such as FUCHA element, and human metabolism is created with positive effect, ordinary circumstance
Display that age more long fragrance is denseer, millet paste more easily brews out, millet paste color and luster is red gorgeous bright, if the resting period is too short, taste
Not good, therefore, existing postfermented tea generally requires to be deposited more than 5 years and could list, and the resting period is longer, substantially prolongs product
Production cycle.
Content of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of black FUCHA manufacture method is provided, it passes through cold
Fermentation, hot fermentation, prolongation such as are grown dim at the mode, promote the enzymatic reaction of microorganism in Folium Camelliae sinensis manufacturing process, thus by micro- life
The fermentation of thing improves the material composition of Folium Camelliae sinensis, makes Folium Camelliae sinensis obtain preferable mouthfeel in advance, accelerates the cycle of product after fermentation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of black FUCHA manufacture method, it includes as follows
Step:
A, selecting crude drugs with winnower, from the above raw dark green tea of three-level, carry out selecting crude drugs with winnower by pneumatic separator, remove the rotten leaf of slightly always wafing in Folium Camelliae sinensis
And the impurity such as dust, sandstone；
B, cool fermentation, Folium Camelliae sinensis are carried out pile fermentation makes it ferment under field conditions (factors), by Folium Camelliae sinensis heap from level to level during pile fermentation
Come, fetch water in the ratio of 8:1～12:1, the time of cool fermentation is more than one month；
Folium Camelliae sinensis are screened by color selector, remove stalky tea in Folium Camelliae sinensis, yellow leaf by c, color choosing；
D, assorted；
E, hot fermentation, assorted good Folium Camelliae sinensis are carried out decatize, the pressure of steam is 4--6kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 30--
80 seconds, after Folium Camelliae sinensis heat absorption softens, pile fermentation was fermented, pile fermentation 6～10 hours；
F, title tea；
G, steaming tea, the Folium Camelliae sinensis after hot fermentation are carried out decatize, the pressure of steam is 4--6kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 8--
12 seconds；
H, press, Folium Camelliae sinensis are pressed into by brick tea by mould；
I, grow dim, brick tea feeding drying room is heated, 26～30 DEG C of drying room temperature, the time of growing dim is 28 days～32 days；
J, drying, brick tea are continued to be placed on heating in drying room, drying room temperature is daily to increase by 2 DEG C, drying time is 7～9 days,
After drying, the water content of brick tea is 12%～14%.
Further, in described step b, repave a layer above after each lamination reality, the bottom is not fetched water, other every layer
Fetch water in the ratio of 10:1 respectively.
Further, in described step b, each layer of height is 10～20cm, and the total height of pile fermentation is 1.5～2 meters,
Carry out pile fermentation at ventilation, shading.
Further, in described step b, when heap temperature is higher than 50 DEG C during pile fermentation, carry out turning.
Further, in described step e, during decatize, the pressure of steam is 5kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 30 seconds, and pile fermentation 8 is little
When.
Further, in described step e, after Folium Camelliae sinensis decatize in fermentation cabin natural packing, the height of pile fermentation is 1.5 meters.
Further, in described step g, during decatize, the pressure of steam is 5kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 10 seconds.
Further, in described step h, when Folium Camelliae sinensis are pressed into brick tea by mould, preservative film is compressed on brick tea simultaneously
Surface.
Further, in described step i, the temperature of drying room is 28 DEG C, and the time of growing dim is 30 days.
Further, in described step j, drying time is 8 days, and after being dried, the water content of brick tea is 13%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of black FUCHA manufacture method, it include selecting crude drugs with winnower, cool fermentation, color choosing, assorted, hot
Fermentation, claim tea, steam tea, the operation such as press, grow dim, being dried, the present invention mode such as is grown dim by cool fermentation, hot fermentation, prolongation, rush
Enter the enzymatic reaction of microorganism in Folium Camelliae sinensis manufacturing process, thus the material composition of Folium Camelliae sinensis is improved by the fermentation of microorganism,
Make Folium Camelliae sinensis obtain preferable mouthfeel in advance, accelerate the cycle of product after fermentation.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation, is not the practical range the present invention
Limited to this.
Embodiment one.
The black FUCHA manufacture method of the present embodiment, it comprises the steps: a, selecting crude drugs with winnower；B, cool fermentation；C, color choosing；D, spelling
Join；E, hot fermentation；F, title tea；G, steaming tea；H, press；I, grow dim；J, drying.
Specifically, a, selecting crude drugs with winnower, the raw material that the present invention selects is more than three-level (inclusion three-level) raw dark green tea, and raw dark green tea is
Have passed through and complete, just rub, pile fermentation, the operation such as rub, be dried again.Selecting crude drugs with winnower is carried out by pneumatic separators such as winnower, you can by Folium Camelliae sinensis
In the thick leaf, old leaf, the leaf that wafts, rotten leaf and the impurity such as dust, sandstone that mix, thus improving the quality of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
B, cool fermentation, Folium Camelliae sinensis are carried out pile fermentation makes it ferment under field conditions (factors), by Folium Camelliae sinensis heap from level to level during pile fermentation
Come, compacting, fetch water in the ratio of 8:1～12:1, the time of cool fermentation is more than one month, and the longer the better for fermentation time, but with
It was advisable less than 2 years.The natural conditions herein said refer to be not required to indoors temperature, the humidity of manual control environment, certainly
The temperature of environment, humidity can be finely adjusted.In sweat, microorganism amount reproduction, especially aspergillus niger, aspergillus niger is
The extremely abundant strain of secretion exoenzyme, can be split with hydrolysis such as eccrine fiber element enzyme, pectase, protease, Digestive Enzyme, saccharifying enzyme
Solution enzyme and polyphenol oxidase, make tea pigment be continuously increased by enzymatic reaction, and cellulose, pectin, protein etc. are a large amount of to be hydrolyzed
Cracking, is conducive to promoting the Folium Camelliae sinensis sweet-smelling of millet paste and flavour after it has been manufactured.
C, color choosing, after cool fermentation, stalky tea and partly poor Folium Camelliae sinensis variable color, by color selector, Folium Camelliae sinensis are sieved
Choosing, removes stalky tea in Folium Camelliae sinensis, yellow leaf, improves the quality of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
D, assorted, the assorted traditional handicraft for Tea Processing, by assorted raising tea leaf quality it is preferred that upper body 10%,
Middle body 85%, the lower part of the body 5%；Wherein, spring tea 70%, summer tea 30%；
E, hot fermentation, hot fermentation refers to be fermented at a temperature of Folium Camelliae sinensis are certain, and assorted good Folium Camelliae sinensis are carried out decatize,
The pressure of steam is 4--6kg/cm2, steam the tea time between be the 30--80 second, Folium Camelliae sinensis heat absorption soften after in fermentation cabin pile fermentation, thus entering
Row fermentation, pile fermentation 6～10 hours.Hot fermentation is similar with cool fermentation, is also the material one-tenth of the improving action Folium Camelliae sinensis by microorganism
Point and millet paste mouthfeel.
F, title tea, the specification requirement according to brick tea accurately claims tea.
G, steaming tea, the Folium Camelliae sinensis after hot fermentation are carried out decatize, the pressure of steam is 4--6kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 8--
12 seconds.
H, press, Folium Camelliae sinensis are pressed into by brick tea by mould.
I, grow dim, brick tea feeding drying room is heated, 26～30 DEG C of drying room temperature, the time of growing dim is 28 days～32 days.
Growing dim is the important step of Eurotium cristatum breeding.In traditional diamond-making technique, the time of typically growing dim is 10～12 days, and the present invention
Extend the time of growing dim, multiple exoenzymes of Eurotium cristatum secretion and various metabolite are had an effect to Folium Camelliae sinensis, contribute to
The tea polyphenols in Folium Camelliae sinensis, catechin, theanine, tea polysaccharide, alkaloid etc. is made to develop into the materials such as FUCHA element, thus accelerating Folium Camelliae sinensis
The conversion of color and the generation of functional components, the operation such as grow dim so that making just because of cool fermentation, hot fermentation, prolongation
Just can be drunk then with the brick tea that the black FUCHA manufacture method of the present invention makes, shorten the production cycle of product it is not necessary to
Naturally more than 5 years are displayed.
J, drying, brick tea are continued to be placed on heating in drying room, drying room temperature is daily to increase by 2 DEG C, drying time is 7～9 days,
After drying, the water content of brick tea is 12%～14%.By the moisture that reduces in brick tea is dried, prevent brick tea during depositing
Rotten.
Embodiment two.
The present embodiment is identical with embodiment one, and difference is: in step b of the present embodiment, repaves after each lamination reality
One layer of face, the bottom is not fetched water, and fetches water in the ratio of 10:1 respectively for other every layer, during cool fermentation, the water on upper strata by
Gradually permeate downwards, therefore, even if the bottom can not be fetched water.Of the present invention fetch water in the ratio of 10:1, refer to every 100kg
Raw dark green tea, spray 10kg water.Further, each layer of height is 10～20cm, and the total height of pile fermentation is 1.5～2 meters,
Carry out pile fermentation at ventilation, shading.
During pile fermentation, microorganism amount reproduction, its respiratory metabolism releases energy and leads to the heap temperature of pile fermentation constantly to raise, plus
Fast microorganism enzymatic reaction provides microorganism heat, accelerates the speed of enzymatic reaction.But, heap temperature is difficult too high, pile fermentation
When heap temperature be higher than 50 DEG C when, carry out turning radiating.
Preferably, in step e, during decatize, the pressure of steam is 5kg/cm2, now the temperature of steam be 150 DEG C about, steam
Be 30 seconds between the tea time, pile fermentation 8 hours, further, after Folium Camelliae sinensis decatize in fermentation cabin natural packing, the height of pile fermentation is 1.5
Rice.
Preferably, in step g, during decatize, the pressure of steam is 5kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 10 seconds.
Preferably, in step h, when Folium Camelliae sinensis are pressed into brick tea by mould, plastic sheeting is compressed on the surface of brick tea simultaneously
(upper and lower surface), so that when suppressing brick tea, the moisture of brick tea does not run off, during growing dim, the humidity on brick tea surface is more than inside
Humidity, be conducive to the surface of brick tea to grow dim.
Preferably, in step i, the temperature of drying room is 28 DEG C, and the time of growing dim is 30 days.
Preferably, in step j, drying time is 8 days, and after being dried, the water content of brick tea is 13%.
The other technical characteristics of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment, will not be described here.
Finally it should be noted that above example is only in order to illustrating technical scheme, rather than the present invention is protected
The restriction of shield scope, although having made to explain to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (10)
1. black FUCHA manufacture method it is characterised in that: comprise the steps,
A, selecting crude drugs with winnower, from the above raw dark green tea of three-level, carry out selecting crude drugs with winnower by pneumatic separator, remove slightly always waft rotten leaf and ash in Folium Camelliae sinensis
The impurity such as dirt, sandstone；
B, cool fermentation, Folium Camelliae sinensis are carried out pile fermentation makes it ferment under field conditions (factors), piles up Folium Camelliae sinensis from level to level, press during pile fermentation
The ratio of 8:1～12:1 is fetched water, and the time of cool fermentation is more than one month；
Folium Camelliae sinensis are screened by color selector, remove stalky tea in Folium Camelliae sinensis, yellow leaf by c, color choosing；
D, assorted；
E, hot fermentation, assorted good Folium Camelliae sinensis are carried out decatize, the pressure of steam is 4--6kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is the 30--80 second,
After Folium Camelliae sinensis heat absorption softens, pile fermentation is fermented, pile fermentation 6～10 hours；
F, title tea；
G, steaming tea, the Folium Camelliae sinensis after hot fermentation are carried out decatize, the pressure of steam is 4--6kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is the 8--12 second；
H, press, Folium Camelliae sinensis are pressed into by brick tea by mould；
I, grow dim, brick tea feeding drying room is heated, 26～30 DEG C of drying room temperature, the time of growing dim is 28 days～32 days；
J, drying, brick tea are continued to be placed on heating in drying room, drying room temperature is daily to increase by 2 DEG C, drying time is 7～9 days, through dry
After dry, the water content of brick tea is 12%～14%.
2. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described step b, each lamination reality after again
Spread face one layer, the bottom is not fetched water, and fetches water in the ratio of 10:1 respectively for other every layer.
3. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 2 it is characterised in that: in described step b, each layer of height is
10～20cm, the total height of pile fermentation is 1.5～2 meters, carries out pile fermentation at ventilation, shading.
4. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 2 it is characterised in that: in described step b, during pile fermentation, heap temperature is higher than
When 50 DEG C, carry out turning.
5. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described step e, the pressure of steam during decatize
Power is 5kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 30 seconds, pile fermentation 8 hours.
6. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 5 it is characterised in that: in described step e, after Folium Camelliae sinensis decatize send out
Natural packing in ferment storehouse, the height of pile fermentation is 1.5 meters.
7. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described step g, the pressure of steam during decatize
Power is 5kg/cm2, steaming between the tea time is 10 seconds.
8. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described step h, Folium Camelliae sinensis are suppressed by mould
When becoming brick tea, preservative film is compressed on the surface of brick tea simultaneously.
9. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: in described step i, the temperature of drying room is 28
DEG C, the time of growing dim is 30 days.
10. black FUCHA manufacture method according to claim 9 it is characterised in that: in described step j, drying time be 8
My god, after being dried, the water content of brick tea is 13%.
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| CN110495501B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-11-02 | 陕西中医药大学 | Method for promoting secondary flower formation and aging of Fuzhuan tea |
| CN112460963B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-07-22 | 湖南省千秋界茶业有限公司 | Drying room for drying tea brick hair and tea brick hair drying method |
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| CN113632859A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-11-12 | 贵州芊指岭生态茶业有限公司 | Shaping method of golden flower processed and cultured by dark green tea |
| CN115736045A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-07 | 湘丰茶业集团有限公司 | Method for rapid internal and external flowering of compressed tea |
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| JPS6185145A (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1986-04-30 | Kawasaki Kiko Kk | Method of controlling treatment of raw tea leaves in green tea production line |
| CN102232437B (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-10-03 | 湖南省白沙溪茶厂股份有限公司 | Method for making Fuhao tea |
| CN102524442B (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-05-29 | 安化道然茶业有限公司 | Fungus growing process for black tea |
| CN102599284B (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-08-21 | 谭书林 | Black tea and production technology |
| CN103300175B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-08-27 | 赤壁市赵李桥洞庄茶业有限公司 | Green brick tea fermentation method |
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