CN113103379B - 一种模压环保型胶合板及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种模压环保型胶合板及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN113103379B
CN113103379B CN202110291794.1A CN202110291794A CN113103379B CN 113103379 B CN113103379 B CN 113103379B CN 202110291794 A CN202110291794 A CN 202110291794A CN 113103379 B CN113103379 B CN 113103379B
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bamboo
plywood
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partition board
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CN113103379A (zh
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翟通军
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Lianyungang Huafu Wood Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
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    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
    • B24B7/28—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
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    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
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    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
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  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种模压环保型胶合板及其制备工艺，涉及胶合板技术领域，为解决现有技术中的现有的胶合板在加工过程中需要对原木进行刨削和裁切，这样就会产生大量的木屑，而这些木屑传统的回收方式都是进行焚烧，无法再次进行加工利用的问题。所述复合胶合板材包括实木面板、压合基材板件和收音隔断板，所述压合基材板件设置在收音隔断板的两侧表面，且实木面板设置在压合基材板件的另一侧表面，所述压合基材板件与收音隔断板之间设置有覆粘胶层，所述实木面板的内侧设置有竹骨编架，且竹骨编架设置为网状结构，所述竹骨编架与实木面板通过粘胶剂连接，所述收音隔断板的两侧表面均设置有蜂窝纸板，且蜂窝纸板与收音隔断板通过卡槽里连接。

Description

一种模压环保型胶合板及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及胶合板技术领域，具体为一种模压环保型胶合板及其制备工艺。
背景技术
胶合板是由木段旋切成单板或由木方刨切成薄木，再用胶粘剂胶合而成的三层或多层的板状材料，通常用奇数层单板，并使相邻层单板的纤维方向互相垂直胶合而成，胶合板是家具常用材料之一，为人造板三大板之一，亦可供飞机、船舶、火车、汽车、建筑和包装箱等作用材。一组单板通常按相邻层木纹方向互相垂直组坯胶合而成，通常其表板和内层板对称地配置在中心层或板芯的两侧。用涂胶后的单板按木纹方向纵横交错配成的板坯，在加热或不加热的条件下压制而成。层数一般为奇数，少数也有偶数。纵横方向的物理、机械性质差异较小。常用的胶合板类型有三合板、五合板等，胶合板能提高木材利用率，是节约木材的一个主要途径。
但是，现有的胶合板在加工过程中需要对原木进行刨削和裁切，这样就会产生大量的木屑，而这些木屑传统的回收方式都是进行焚烧，无法再次进行加工利用；因此，不满足现有的需求，对此我们提出了一种模压环保型胶合板及其制备工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种模压环保型胶合板及其制备工艺，以解决上述背景技术中提出的现有的胶合板在加工过程中需要对原木进行刨削和裁切，这样就会产生大量的木屑，而这些木屑传统的回收方式都是进行焚烧，无法再次进行加工利用的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种模压环保型胶合板，包括复合胶合板材，所述复合胶合板材包括实木面板、压合基材板件和收音隔断板，所述压合基材板件设置在收音隔断板的两侧表面，且实木面板设置在压合基材板件的另一侧表面，所述压合基材板件与收音隔断板之间设置有覆粘胶层。
优选的，所述实木面板的内侧设置有竹骨编架，且竹骨编架设置为网状结构，所述竹骨编架与实木面板通过粘胶剂连接。
优选的，所述收音隔断板的两侧表面均设置有蜂窝纸板，且蜂窝纸板与收音隔断板通过卡槽里连接。
一种模压环保型胶合板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：选取原木随后将其进行刨削去皮，通过机器将原木切割成木片，每三片木板为一组，其中两片作为外面板，厚度在2～3mm，另一片作为隔断板，厚度在1.5～2mm；
步骤二：将组配好的木板放入到锅炉中进行蒸煮，水温控制在85～90℃，半小时后将板材取出，室内阴干10min中后将其叠放到干燥箱中进行干燥；
步骤三：在木板进行干燥的过程中将之前木材切削产生的木屑进行收拢，将收集好的木屑投入到粉碎机中进行粉碎，将粉碎后的木屑摊晾在网架上，使其自然风干；
步骤四：干燥6～8h后取出木板，选取外面板上瑕疵相对较少的一面进行打磨抛光，而未经打磨抛光的一面需要覆涂上一层厚度在0.5～1mm的酚醛树脂胶；
步骤五：以青竹为原料进行裁切，将其加工成厚度在2～3mm，宽度在4～5mm的竹条，将竹条放入到盐水中煮10min，盐水浓度为10％，煮好后取出晾干；
步骤六：将竹条分为横纵两组，纵组竹条的一侧需要进行开槽，槽体的宽度与竹条厚度相同，而槽体的深度则为竹条宽度的2/3，然后将纵组竹条与横组竹条之间进行拼接形成网状结构；
步骤七：将编制好的竹架贴合在外面板覆胶的一侧，之后用利用酚醛树脂胶将二者之间进行固定，在竹架与外面板固定好后将晾干的木屑平铺在竹架的外部，木屑的铺设厚度需要在1～1.5cm之间；
步骤八：随后将铺设有木屑的面板送入到模压机中，利用模压机将木屑压入到竹架表面的框槽中，使木屑间的缝隙减小，而经过多次模压后的木屑厚度需要控制在6～7mm；
步骤九：在木屑完成模压后在其表面涂上酚醛树脂胶来进行巩固，之后在隔断板的两侧进行开槽，并将吸音用的蜂窝型纸板粘贴在两侧的开槽中；
步骤十：最后将隔断板夹装在两层外面板之间，同样通过酚醛树脂胶来进行粘黏固定，并将木板组胚进行热压，完成热压操作后对板材四周进行裁进修边即可。
优选的，所述步骤六中，竹条之间相对垂直分布，且竹架的高度为5～6.5mm。
优选的，所述步骤九中，蜂窝型纸板的厚度为0.5mm。
优选的，所述步骤十中，热压成型后的胶合板厚度在9～12mm。
优选的，所述步骤十中，在进行热压加工前，需要将组胚叠放在通风的室内，随后在组胚的上方放置金属压板进行预压，压板的重量在5～10kg与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明在木板进行干燥的过程中将之前木材切削产生的木屑进行收拢，将收集好的木屑投入到粉碎机中进行粉碎，将粉碎后的木屑摊晾在网架上，使其自然风干，去除木屑中多余的水分，避免填充后的木屑出现发霉的现象，以青竹为原料进行裁切，将竹条分为横纵两组，然后将纵组竹条与横组竹条之间进行拼接形成网状结构，在竹架与外面板固定好后将晾干的木屑平铺在竹架的外部，这里将处理后的木屑填充在竹架中，利用竹架来作为该层的支撑骨架，这样便可以使木屑压实后具有同其它板材一样的硬度和支撑性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体主视图；
图2为本发明的竹骨编架结构示意图；
图3为本发明的蜂窝纸板结构示意图。
图中：1、复合胶合板材；2、实木面板；3、压合基材板件；4、收音隔断板；5、覆粘胶层；6、竹骨编架；7、蜂窝纸板。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
请参阅图1-3，本发明提供的一种实施例：一种模压环保型胶合板，包括复合胶合板材1，复合胶合板材1包括实木面板2、压合基材板件3和收音隔断板4，压合基材板件3设置在收音隔断板4的两侧表面，且实木面板2设置在压合基材板件3的另一侧表面，压合基材板件3与收音隔断板4之间设置有覆粘胶层5。
进一步，实木面板2的内侧设置有竹骨编架6，且竹骨编架6设置为网状结构，竹骨编架6与实木面板2通过粘胶剂连接。
进一步，收音隔断板4的两侧表面均设置有蜂窝纸板7，且蜂窝纸板7与收音隔断板4通过卡槽里连接。
一种模压环保型胶合板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：选取原木随后将其进行刨削去皮，通过机器将原木切割成木片，每三片木板为一组，其中两片作为外面板，厚度在2～3mm，另一片作为隔断板，厚度在1.5～2mm；
步骤二：将组配好的木板放入到锅炉中进行蒸煮，水温控制在85～90℃，半小时后将板材取出，室内阴干10min中后将其叠放到干燥箱中进行干燥；
步骤三：在木板进行干燥的过程中将之前木材切削产生的木屑进行收拢，将收集好的木屑投入到粉碎机中进行粉碎，将粉碎后的木屑摊晾在网架上，使其自然风干，去除木屑中多余的水分，避免填充后的木屑出现发霉的现象；
步骤四：干燥6～8h后取出木板，选取外面板上瑕疵相对较少的一面进行打磨抛光，经过抛光后的板面可以作为产品的最终外饰面，而未经打磨抛光的一面需要覆涂上一层厚度在0.5～1mm的酚醛树脂胶，这里覆涂酚醛树脂胶是为了保障板面的光滑度，这样有利于后续的竹架固定；
步骤五：以青竹为原料进行裁切，将其加工成厚度在2～3mm，宽度在4～5mm的竹条，将竹条放入到盐水中煮10min，盐水浓度为10％，煮好后取出晾干，这样可以提升竹条的韧性；
步骤六：将竹条分为横纵两组，纵组竹条的一侧需要进行开槽，槽体的宽度与竹条厚度相同，而槽体的深度则为竹条宽度的2/3，然后将纵组竹条与横组竹条之间进行拼接形成网状结构，竹架可以增强整个板材的韧性和稳定性，同时还可以对填充的木屑进行夯实；
步骤七：将编制好的竹架贴合在外面板覆胶的一侧，之后用利用酚醛树脂胶将二者之间进行固定，在竹架与外面板固定好后将晾干的木屑平铺在竹架的外部，木屑的铺设厚度需要在1～1.5cm之间，这里将处理后的木屑填充在竹架中，利用竹架来作为该层的支撑骨架，这样便可以使木屑压实后具有同其它板材一样的硬度和支撑性；
步骤八：随后将铺设有木屑的面板送入到模压机中，利用模压机将木屑压入到竹架表面的框槽中，使木屑间的缝隙减小，而经过多次模压后的木屑厚度需要控制在6～7mm，通过压力将木屑给压实，这样经过压实后的木屑就具有了一定的抗压稳定性，不会出现松散的情况；
步骤九：在木屑完成模压后在其表面涂上酚醛树脂胶来进行巩固，之后在隔断板的两侧进行开槽，并将吸音用的蜂窝型纸板粘贴在两侧的开槽中；
步骤十：最后将隔断板夹装在两层外面板之间，同样通过酚醛树脂胶来进行粘黏固定，并将木板组胚进行热压，热压时，纤维之间紧密接触，并使本来处于束缚状态的木质素和半纤维素大分子链段和大分子本身的相互扩散运动逐渐加强，直至分子间引力和氢键发生作用，使界面消失而完成胶合过程，完成热压操作后对板材四周进行裁进修边即可。
进一步，步骤六中，竹条之间相对垂直分布，且竹架的高度为5～6.5mm。
进一步，步骤九中，蜂窝型纸板的厚度为0.5mm。
进一步，步骤十中，热压成型后的胶合板厚度在9～12mm。
进一步，步骤十中，在进行热压加工前，需要将组胚叠放在通风的室内，随后在组胚的上方放置金属压板进行预压，压板的重量在5～10kg，这样可以避免板材在经过热压后出现回弹的情况。
工作原理：使用时，选取原木随后将其进行刨削去皮，通过机器将原木切割成木片，没三片木板为一组，其中两片作为外面板，厚度在2～3mm，另一片作为隔断板，厚度在1.5～2mm，将组配好的木板放入到锅炉中进行蒸煮，水温控制在85～90℃，半小时后将板材取出，室内阴干10min中后将其叠放到干燥箱中进行干燥，在木板进行干燥的过程中将之前木材切削产生的木屑进行收拢，将收集好的木屑投入到粉碎机中进行粉碎，将粉碎后的木屑摊晾在网架上，使其自然风干，去除木屑中多余的水分，避免填充后的木屑出现发霉的现象，干燥6～8h后取出木板，选取外面板上瑕疵相对较少的一面进行打磨抛光，经过抛光后的板面可以作为产品的最终外饰面，而未经打磨抛光的一面需要覆涂上一层厚度在0.5～1mm的酚醛树脂胶，这里覆涂酚醛树脂胶是为了保障板面的光滑度，这样有利于后续的竹架固定，以青竹为原料进行裁切，将其加工成厚度在2～3mm，宽度在4～5mm的竹条，将竹条放入到盐水中煮10min，盐水浓度为10％，煮好后取出晾干，这样可以提升竹条的韧性，将竹条分为横纵两组，纵组竹条的一侧需要进行开槽，槽体的宽度与竹条厚度相同，而槽体的深度则为竹条宽度的2/3，然后将纵组竹条与横组竹条之间进行拼接形成网状结构，竹架可以增强整个板材的韧性和稳定性，同时还可以对填充的木屑进行夯实，将编制好的竹架贴合在外面板覆胶的一侧，之后用利用酚醛树脂胶将二者之间进行固定，在竹架与外面板固定好后将晾干的木屑平铺在竹架的外部，木屑的铺设厚度需要在1～1.5cm之间，这里将处理后的木屑填充在竹架中，利用竹架来作为该层的支撑骨架，这样便可以使木屑压实后具有同其它板材一样的硬度和支撑性，随后将铺设有木屑的面板送入到模压机中，利用模压机将木屑压入到竹架表面的框槽中，使木屑间的缝隙减小，而经过多次模压后的木屑厚度需要控制在6～7mm，通过压力将木屑给压实，这样经过压实后的木屑就具有了一定的抗压稳定性，不会出现松散的情况，在木屑完成模压后在其表面涂上酚醛树脂胶来进行巩固，之后在隔断板的两侧进行开槽，并将吸音用的蜂窝型纸板粘贴在两侧的开槽中，最后将隔断板夹装在两层外面板之间，同样通过酚醛树脂胶来进行粘黏固定，并将木板组胚进行热压，热压时，纤维之间紧密接触，并使本来处于束缚状态的木质素和半纤维素大分子链段和大分子本身的相互扩散运动逐渐加强，直至分子间引力和氢键发生作用，使界面消失而完成胶合过程，完成热压操作后对板材四周进行裁进修边即可。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。

Claims (5)

1.一种模压环保型胶合板，包括复合胶合板材（1），其特征在于：所述复合胶合板材（1）包括实木面板（2）、压合基材板件（3）和收音隔断板（4），所述压合基材板件（3）设置在收音隔断板（4）的两侧表面，且实木面板（2）设置在压合基材板件（3）的另一侧表面，所述压合基材板件（3）与收音隔断板（4）之间设置有覆粘胶层（5）；
所述实木面板（2）的内侧设置有竹骨编架（6），且竹骨编架（6）设置为网状结构，所述竹骨编架（6）与实木面板（2）通过粘胶剂连接；
所述收音隔断板（4）的两侧表面均设置有蜂窝纸板（7），且蜂窝纸板（7）与收音隔断板（4）通过卡槽里连接；
所述模压环保型胶合板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：选取原木随后将其进行刨削去皮，通过机器将原木切割成木片，每三片木板为一组，其中两片作为外面板，厚度在2~3mm，另一片作为隔断板，厚度在1.5~2mm；
步骤二：将组配好的木板放入到锅炉中进行蒸煮，水温控制在85~90℃，半小时后将板材取出，室内阴干10min中后将其叠放到干燥箱中进行干燥；
步骤三：在木板进行干燥的过程中将之前木材切削产生的木屑进行收拢，将收集好的木屑投入到粉碎机中进行粉碎，将粉碎后的木屑摊晾在网架上，使其自然风干；
步骤四：干燥6~8h后取出木板，选取外面板上瑕疵相对较少的一面进行打磨抛光，而未经打磨抛光的一面需要覆涂上一层厚度在0.5~1mm的酚醛树脂胶；
步骤五：以青竹为原料进行裁切，将其加工成厚度在2~3mm，宽度在4~5mm的竹条，将竹条放入到盐水中煮10min，盐水浓度为10%，煮好后取出晾干；
步骤六：将竹条分为横纵两组，纵组竹条的一侧需要进行开槽，槽体的宽度与竹条厚度相同，而槽体的深度则为竹条宽度的2/3，然后将纵组竹条与横组竹条之间进行拼接形成网状结构；
步骤七：将编制好的竹架贴合在外面板覆胶的一侧，之后用利用酚醛树脂胶将二者之间进行固定，在竹架与外面板固定好后将晾干的木屑平铺在竹架的外部，木屑的铺设厚度需要在1~1.5cm之间；
步骤八：随后将铺设有木屑的面板送入到模压机中，利用模压机将木屑压入到竹架表面的框槽中，使木屑间的缝隙减小，而经过多次模压后的木屑厚度需要控制在6~7mm；
步骤九：在木屑完成模压后在其表面涂上酚醛树脂胶来进行巩固，之后在隔断板的两侧进行开槽，并将吸音用的蜂窝型纸板粘贴在两侧的开槽中；
步骤十：最后将隔断板夹装在两层外面板之间，同样通过酚醛树脂胶来进行粘黏固定，并将木板组胚进行热压，完成热压操作后对板材四周进行裁进修边即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种模压环保型胶合板，其特征在于：所述步骤六中，竹条之间相对垂直分布，且竹架的高度为5~6.5mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种模压环保型胶合板，其特征在于：所述步骤九中，蜂窝型纸板的厚度为0.5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种模压环保型胶合板，其特征在于：所述步骤十中，热压成型后的胶合板厚度在9~12mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种模压环保型胶合板，其特征在于：所述步骤十中，在进行热压加工前，需要将组胚叠放在通风的室内，随后在组胚的上方放置金属压板进行预压，压板的重量在5~10kg。
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