CN113098452B - Ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode - Google Patents
Ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode Download PDFInfo
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- CN113098452B CN113098452B CN202110341875.8A CN202110341875A CN113098452B CN 113098452 B CN113098452 B CN 113098452B CN 202110341875 A CN202110341875 A CN 202110341875A CN 113098452 B CN113098452 B CN 113098452B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
- H03K5/04—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration
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- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-narrow pulse signal generation, and particularly relates to an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triodes and a step recovery diode. The invention designs the ultra-narrow pulse compression device with low power consumption and low cost by utilizing the extremely fast switching characteristic of the step recovery diode and the amplifying and switching characteristics of the triode, can generate extremely narrow pulse width and faster falling edge, can reach ps magnitude order and has smaller tailing phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-narrow pulse signal generation, and particularly relates to an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on a triode and a step recovery diode.
Background
The ultra-narrow pulse signal is the main signal type of a high-end signal generating device and is widely applied to electronic measuring instruments. With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirement on the pulse in an electronic measuring instrument is higher and higher, the requirement on the width of the pulse is narrower and narrower, and the requirement on the edge of the pulse is faster and faster. Therefore, it is very important to design an ultra-narrow pulse generating device and method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on a triode and a step recovery diode, which has the advantages of extremely narrow pulse width, fast falling edge, low power consumption and low cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode, includes input, first triode, second triode, third triode, first electric capacity, second electric capacity, third electric capacity, inductance, step recovery diode, the input is connected on the base of first triode, the collecting electrode ground connection of first triode, the projecting pole of first triode is connected on the base of second triode, the collecting electrode ground connection of second triode, the projecting pole of second triode is connected on the base of third triode through first electric capacity, the projecting pole ground connection of third triode, the collecting electrode of third triode passes through the second electric capacity and connects the one end at the inductance, the collecting electrode of third triode passes through the second electric capacity and connects the one end at step recovery diode, step recovery diode other end ground connection, the other end of inductance is connected with external voltage, the second electric capacity passes through the third electric capacity and is connected with the output.
The emitter of the first triode is connected with first bias voltage through a first resistor, the emitter of the second triode is connected with second bias voltage through a third resistor, and the collector of the third triode is connected with third bias voltage through a sixth resistor.
And a second resistor is connected between the emitting electrode of the first triode and the base electrode of the second triode, the base electrode of the third triode is connected with a third bias voltage through a fourth resistor, and the base electrode of the third triode is grounded through a fifth resistor.
The first bias voltage is-5V, the second bias voltage is-15V, and the third bias voltage is +15V.
The step recovery diode adopts an MP4023 step recovery diode, and the step recovery diode adopts a P + NN + The structure is characterized in that the step time of the step recovery diode is 50ps, the service life of a current carrier of the step recovery diode is 30ns, the junction capacitance of the step recovery diode is 0.12pF, and the step recovery diode is of a positive typeThe breakdown voltage of the complex diode is 15V.
The external voltage of the inductor is compressed waveform voltage, and the compressed waveform voltage is 0.9V.
The first triode adopts a BFT92 triode, the first triode is a PNP type triode, the second triode adopts a BFG135 triode, the third triode adopts a BFG590 triode, and the second triode and the third triode are both NPN type triodes.
The conversion frequency of the first triode is 5GHz, and the second triode and the third triode are both 7GHz.
The input end adopts a negative pulse signal as an excitation source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention designs the ultra-narrow pulse compression device with low power consumption and low cost by utilizing the extremely fast switching characteristic of the step recovery diode and the amplifying and switching characteristics of the triode, can generate extremely narrow pulse width and faster falling edge, can reach ps magnitude order and has smaller tailing phenomenon. The invention designs a three-stage circuit by three triodes, which respectively perform different processing on waveforms, wherein the first stage performs reverse processing on output waveforms, the second stage triodes perform following action, and the third stage performs amplification and edge compression on the waveforms. Therefore, the waveform compressed by the triode is compressed by the step recovery diode, and the edge of ps level is reached.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of the equivalent process of the step recovery diode of the present invention transitioning from a low impedance state to a high impedance state.
Wherein: IN is an input terminal, T1 is a first triode, T2 is a second triode, T3 is a third triode, C1 is a first capacitor, C2 is a second capacitor, C3 is a third capacitor, L1 is an inductor, D1 is a step recovery diode, R1 is a first resistor, R2 is a second resistor, R3 is a third resistor, R4 is a fourth resistor, R5 is a fifth resistor, and R6 is a sixth resistor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode, as shown IN fig. 1, including input IN, first triode T1, second triode T2, third triode T3, first electric capacity C1, second electric capacity C2, third electric capacity C3, inductance L1, step recovery diode D1, input IN connects on first triode T1's base, first triode T1's collecting electrode ground connection, first triode T1's projecting pole is connected on second triode T2's base, second triode T2's collecting electrode ground connection, second triode T2's projecting pole is connected on third triode T3's base through first electric capacity C1, third triode T3's projecting pole ground connection, third triode T3's collecting electrode passes through second electric capacity C2 and connects IN inductance L1's one end, recovery diode D1's other end ground connection, the other end of recovery diode D1 is connected with plus inductance voltage, second electric capacity C2 and step recovery diode are connected through third electric capacity C3 step output.
Further, an emitter of the first triode T1 is connected with a first bias voltage through a first resistor R1, an emitter of the second triode T2 is connected with a second bias voltage through a third resistor R3, and a collector of the third triode T3 is connected with a third bias voltage through a sixth resistor R6.
Further, a second resistor R2 is connected between an emitter of the first triode T1 and a base of the second triode T2, a base of the third triode T3 is connected with a third bias voltage through a fourth resistor R4, and a base of the third triode T3 is grounded through a fifth resistor R5.
Further, the first bias voltage is-5V, the second bias voltage is-15V, and the third bias voltage is +15V.
Further, the step recovery diode D1 adopts an MP4023 step recovery diode, and the step recovery diode D1 adopts P + NN + In the structure, the step time of the step recovery diode D1 is 50ps, the carrier life of the step recovery diode D1 is 30ns, the junction capacitance of the step recovery diode D1 is 0.12pF, and the breakdown voltage of the step recovery diode D1 is 15V.
Further, it is preferable that the voltage applied to the inductor L1 is a compressed waveform voltage, and the compressed waveform voltage is 0.9V.
Further, the first triode T1 adopts a BFT92 triode, the first triode T1 is a PNP type triode, the second triode T2 adopts a BFG135 triode, the third triode T3 adopts a BFG590 triode, and the second triode T2 and the third triode T3 are both NPN type triodes.
Further, preferably, the switching frequency of the first triode T1 is 5GHz, and the switching frequencies of the second triode T2 and the third triode T3 are both 7GHz.
Further, it is preferable that the input terminal IN uses a negative pulse signal as an excitation source.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the step recovery diode is a strongly nonlinear varactor diode, and adopts P + NN + A type structure, when conducting in forward direction, the N region converges due to the presence of an electric field in the step recovery diodeA large amount of charge is collected, and a low-resistance state is presented; when the reverse voltage state is entered, the stored charge quantity is gradually reduced, the formed reverse current is kept for a period of time, then the reverse current is also reduced and is in a high-impedance state immediately, and a steep edge signal is formed. And a step recovery diode is equivalent to a transition from a low resistance state to a high resistance state, as shown in fig. 2.
The step recovery diode D1 is one of key devices for generating narrow pulse signals, and as the breakdown voltage of the step recovery diode D1 is higher, a driving amplification circuit needs to be built by combining a microwave triode so as to obtain a faster step signal. The unipolar ultra-wideband narrow pulse circuit is composed of two parts: a drive amplification circuit and a narrow pulse forming circuit. Because the input end IN adopts a negative pulse signal as an excitation source, the emitting electrodes of the first triode T1 and the second triode T2 adopt direct-current negative voltage-5V and-15V for power supply, when the negative pulse signal does not arrive, the first triode T1 and the second triode T2 are both IN a cut-off state, and at the moment, the second capacitor C2 is charged by the 15V through the sixth resistor R6 and the step recovery diode D1. When a negative pulse signal arrives, the first triode T1 and the second triode T2 rapidly enter a saturation state from a cut-off state, and the first triode T1 and the second triode T2 enter a conduction state, so that the sixth resistor R6, the second capacitor C2 and the inductor L1 form a loop, at the moment, the second capacitor C2 gathers a large amount of charges to discharge, the step recovery diode D1 needs to provide a direct current bias voltage, and the step recovery diode D1 is guaranteed to enter the cut-off state from the conduction state. Meanwhile, when a direct current bias voltage is provided, the inductor L1 needs to be connected in series to ensure leakage of a high-frequency component of the step recovery diode D1, and the third capacitor C3 also avoids leakage of the high-frequency component to a source end and a terminal, otherwise, the bandwidth of a step signal is influenced.
The invention can be widely applied to electronic measuring instruments, the circuit of the invention is mainly designed according to the application of a sampling oscilloscope, the ultra-fast falling edge can be realized, the falling edge is measured according to 10-90% of the whole edge, the falling edge is about 80ps through actual measurement, is negative pulse, has the amplitude larger than 6V, and can drive a sampler to sample high-frequency signals.
Although only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all changes are encompassed in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode which characterized in that: the voltage-step recovery circuit comprises an input end (IN), a first triode (T1), a second triode (T2), a third triode (T3), a first capacitor (C1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), an inductor (L1) and a step recovery diode (D1), wherein the input end (IN) is connected to the base of the first triode (T1), the collector of the first triode (T1) is grounded, the emitter of the first triode (T1) is connected to the base of the second triode (T2), the collector of the second triode (T2) is grounded, the emitter of the second triode (T2) is connected to the base of the third triode (T3) through the first capacitor (C1), the emitter of the third triode (T3) is grounded, the collector of the third triode (T3) is connected to one end of the inductor (L1) through the second capacitor (C2), the collector of the third triode (T3) is connected to one end of the step recovery diode (D1) through the second capacitor (C2), the other end of the step recovery diode (D1) is connected to one end of the inductor (D1), and the other end of the step recovery diode (D1) is connected to the output end of the inductor (C2), and the voltage-step recovery diode (D1) is connected to the output end of the second capacitor (C2) through the second capacitor (C3), and the voltage-step recovery diode (C2) and the voltage recovery diode (C1) is connected to the output end of the second capacitor (C1); the step recovery diode (D1) adopts an MP4023 step recovery diode, the step recovery diode (D1) adopts a P + NN + type structure, the step time of the step recovery diode (D1) is 50ps, the service life of a current carrier of the step recovery diode (D1) is 30ns, the junction capacitance of the step recovery diode (D1) is 0.12pF, and the breakdown voltage of the step recovery diode (D1) is 15V; the external voltage of the inductor (L1) is a compressed waveform voltage, and the compressed waveform voltage is 0.9V;
the first triode (T1) adopts a BFT92 triode, the first triode (T1) is a PNP triode, the second triode (T2) adopts a BFG135 triode, the third triode (T3) adopts a BFG590 triode, and the second triode (T2) and the third triode (T3) are both NPN triodes;
the conversion frequency of the first triode (T1) is 5GHz, and the second triode (T2) and the third triode (T3) are both 7GHz.
2. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: the emitting electrode of the first triode (T1) is connected with first bias voltage through a first resistor (R1), the emitting electrode of the second triode (T2) is connected with second bias voltage through a third resistor (R3), and the collecting electrode of the third triode (T3) is connected with third bias voltage through a sixth resistor (R6).
3. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: a second resistor (R2) is connected between the emitting electrode of the first triode (T1) and the base electrode of the second triode (T2), the base electrode of the third triode (T3) is connected with a third bias voltage through a fourth resistor (R4), and the base electrode of the third triode (T3) is grounded through a fifth resistor (R5).
4. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode according to claim 2, wherein: the first bias voltage is-5V, the second bias voltage is-15V, and the third bias voltage is +15V.
5. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: the input end (IN) adopts a negative pulse signal as an excitation source.
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