CN113098452A - Ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode - Google Patents
Ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode Download PDFInfo
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- CN113098452A CN113098452A CN202110341875.8A CN202110341875A CN113098452A CN 113098452 A CN113098452 A CN 113098452A CN 202110341875 A CN202110341875 A CN 202110341875A CN 113098452 A CN113098452 A CN 113098452A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
- H03K5/04—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-narrow pulse signal generation, and particularly relates to an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triodes and a step recovery diode. The invention designs the ultra-narrow pulse compression device with low power consumption and low cost by utilizing the extremely fast switching characteristic of the step recovery diode and the amplifying and switching characteristics of the triode, can generate extremely narrow pulse width and faster falling edge, can reach ps magnitude order and has smaller tailing phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-narrow pulse signal generation, and particularly relates to an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on a triode and a step recovery diode.
Background
The ultra-narrow pulse signal is the main signal type of a high-end signal generating device and is widely applied to electronic measuring instruments. With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements on pulses in electronic measuring instruments are higher and higher, the requirements on the width of the pulses are narrower and narrower, and the requirements on the edges of the pulses are faster and faster. Therefore, it is very important to design an ultra-narrow pulse generating device and method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on a triode and a step recovery diode, which has extremely narrow pulse width, fast falling edge, low power consumption and low cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on a triode and a step recovery diode comprises an input end, a first triode, a second triode, a third triode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, an inductor and a step recovery diode, wherein the input end is connected to the base electrode of the first triode, the collector electrode of the first triode is grounded, the emitter electrode of the first triode is connected to the base electrode of the second triode, the collector electrode of the second triode is grounded, the emitter electrode of the second triode is connected to the base electrode of the third triode through the first capacitor, the emitter electrode of the third triode is grounded, the collector electrode of the third triode is connected to one end of the inductor through the second capacitor, the collector electrode of the third triode is connected to one end of the step recovery diode through the second capacitor, and the other end of the step recovery diode is grounded, the other end of the inductor is connected with an external voltage, and the second capacitor is connected with the output end through a third capacitor.
The emitter of the first triode is connected with first bias voltage through a first resistor, the emitter of the second triode is connected with second bias voltage through a third resistor, and the collector of the third triode is connected with third bias voltage through a sixth resistor.
And a second resistor is connected between the emitting electrode of the first triode and the base electrode of the second triode, the base electrode of the third triode is connected with a third bias voltage through a fourth resistor, and the base electrode of the third triode is grounded through a fifth resistor.
The first bias voltage is-5V, the second bias voltage is-15V, and the third bias voltage is + 15V.
The step recovery diode adopts an MP4023 step recovery diode, and the step recovery diode adopts a P+NN+The type structure, step recovery diode's step time is 50ps, step recovery diode's carrier life-span is 30ns, step recovery diode's junction capacitance is 0.12pF, step recovery diode's breakdown voltage is 15V.
The external voltage of the inductor is compressed waveform voltage, and the compressed waveform voltage is 0.9V.
The first triode adopts a BFT92 triode, the first triode is a PNP type triode, the second triode adopts a BFG135 triode, the third triode adopts a BFG590 triode, and the second triode and the third triode are both NPN type triodes.
The conversion frequency of the first triode is 5GHz, and the second triode and the third triode are both 7 GHz.
The input end adopts a negative pulse signal as an excitation source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention designs the ultra-narrow pulse compression device with low power consumption and low cost by utilizing the extremely fast switching characteristic of the step recovery diode and the amplifying and switching characteristics of the triode, can generate extremely narrow pulse width and faster falling edge, can reach ps magnitude order and has smaller tailing phenomenon. The invention designs a three-level circuit by three triodes, which respectively perform different processing on waveforms, wherein the first level performs reverse processing on the output waveform, the second level triode performs following action, and the third level performs amplification and edge compression on the waveform. Therefore, the waveform compressed by the triode is compressed by the step recovery diode, and the edge of ps level is reached.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of the process of the step recovery diode of the present invention equivalent to the transition from the low resistance state to the high resistance state.
Wherein: IN is an input terminal, T1 is a first triode, T2 is a second triode, T3 is a third triode, C1 is a first capacitor, C2 is a second capacitor, C3 is a third capacitor, L1 is an inductor, D1 is a step recovery diode, R1 is a first resistor, R2 is a second resistor, R3 is a third resistor, R4 is a fourth resistor, R5 is a fifth resistor, and R6 is a sixth resistor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
An ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on a triode and a step recovery diode is disclosed, as shown IN fig. 1, comprising an input terminal IN, a first triode T1, a second triode T2, a third triode T3, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, an inductor L1, and a step recovery diode D1, wherein the input terminal IN is connected to the base of the first triode T1, the collector of the first triode T1 is grounded, the emitter of the first triode T1 is connected to the base of the second triode T2, the collector of the second triode T2 is grounded, the emitter of the second triode T2 is connected to the base of the third triode T3 through the first capacitor C1, the emitter of the third triode T3 is grounded, the collector of the third triode T3 is connected to one end of the inductor L1 through the second capacitor C2, the collector of the third triode T3 is connected to one end of the step recovery diode D1 through the second capacitor C2, the other end of the step recovery diode D1 is grounded, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with an external voltage, and the second capacitor C2 is connected with the output end through the third capacitor C3.
Further, an emitter of the first transistor T1 is connected to a first bias voltage through a first resistor R1, an emitter of the second transistor T2 is connected to a second bias voltage through a third resistor R3, and a collector of the third transistor T3 is connected to a third bias voltage through a sixth resistor R6.
Further, a second resistor R2 is connected between the emitter of the first transistor T1 and the base of the second transistor T2, the base of the third transistor T3 is connected to a third bias voltage through a fourth resistor R4, and the base of the third transistor T3 is grounded through a fifth resistor R5.
Further, the first bias voltage is-5V, the second bias voltage is-15V, and the third bias voltage is + 15V.
Further, the step recovery diode D1 is an MP4023 step recovery diode, and the step recovery diode D1 is P+NN+In the structure, the step time of the step recovery diode D1 is 50ps, the carrier life of the step recovery diode D1 is 30ns, the junction capacitance of the step recovery diode D1 is 0.12pF, and the breakdown voltage of the step recovery diode D1 is 15V.
Further, it is preferable that the voltage applied to the inductor L1 is a compressed waveform voltage, and the compressed waveform voltage is 0.9V.
Further, the first triode T1 adopts a BFT92 triode, the first triode T1 is a PNP triode, the second triode T2 adopts a BFG135 triode, the third triode T3 adopts a BFG590 triode, and the second triode T2 and the third triode T3 are NPN triodes.
Further, it is preferable that the switching frequency of the first transistor T1 is 5GHz, and both the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are 7 GHz.
Further, it is preferable that the input terminal IN uses a negative pulse signal as an excitation source.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the step recovery diode is a strongly nonlinear varactor diode, since P is used+NN+The N region is converged with a large amount of electric charge due to the existence of an electric field in the step recovery diode when the diode is conducted in the forward direction, and the N region presents a low-resistance state; when the reverse voltage state is entered, the stored charge quantity is gradually reduced, the formed reverse current is kept for a period of time, then the reverse current is also reduced and is in a high-impedance state immediately, and a steep edge signal is formed. And a step recovery diode is equivalent to a transition from a low resistance state to a high resistance state, as shown in fig. 2.
The step recovery diode D1 is one of the key devices for generating narrow pulse signals, and because the breakdown voltage of the step recovery diode D1 is high, a driving amplification circuit needs to be built by combining a microwave triode to obtain a fast step signal. The unipolar ultra-wideband narrow pulse circuit is composed of two parts: a drive amplification circuit and a narrow pulse forming circuit. Because the input terminal IN adopts the negative pulse signal as the excitation source, the emitters of the first triode T1 and the second triode T2 adopt the dc negative voltage-5V and-15V for power supply, when the negative pulse signal does not arrive, the first triode T1 and the second triode T2 are both IN the cut-off state, and at this time, the 15V charges the second capacitor C2 through the sixth resistor R6 and the step recovery diode D1. When the negative pulse signal arrives, the first transistor T1 and the second transistor T2 rapidly enter a saturation state from a cut-off state, and they enter a conducting state, so that the sixth resistor R6, the second capacitor C2 and the inductor L1 form a loop, at this time, the second capacitor C2 gathers a large amount of charges to discharge, and the step recovery diode D1 needs to provide a dc bias voltage to ensure that the step recovery diode D1 can enter a cut-off state from a conducting state. Meanwhile, when a dc bias voltage is provided, an inductor L1 needs to be connected in series to ensure leakage of a high frequency component of the step recovery diode D1, and the third capacitor C3 also prevents the high frequency component from leaking to a source end and a terminal end, otherwise, the bandwidth of the step signal is affected.
The invention can be widely applied to electronic measuring instruments, the circuit of the invention is mainly designed according to the application of a sampling oscilloscope, the invention can realize the ultra-fast falling edge, the falling edge is measured according to 10-90% of the whole edge, the falling edge is about 80ps through actual measurement, the falling edge is negative pulse, the amplitude is more than 6V, and a sampler can be driven to sample high-frequency signals.
Although only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all changes are encompassed in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on triode and step recovery diode which characterized in that: the triode-based step recovery circuit comprises an input end (IN), a first triode (T1), a second triode (T2), a third triode (T3), a first capacitor (C1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), an inductor (L1) and a step recovery diode (D1), wherein the input end (IN) is connected to the base of the first triode (T1), the collector of the first triode (T1) is grounded, the emitter of the first triode (T1) is connected to the base of the second triode (T2), the collector of the second triode (T2) is grounded, the emitter of the second triode (T2) is connected to the base of the third triode (T2) through a first capacitor (C1), the emitter of the third triode (T3) is grounded, the collector of the third triode (T3) is connected to one end of the inductor (L465) through a second capacitor (C2), and the collector of the third triode (T3) is connected to one end of the step recovery diode (D1) through a second capacitor (C573) (D1) The other end of the step recovery diode (D1) is grounded, the other end of the inductor (L1) is connected with an applied voltage, and the second capacitor (C2) is connected with an output end through a third capacitor (C3).
2. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: an emitter of the first triode (T1) is connected with a first bias voltage through a first resistor (R1), an emitter of the second triode (T2) is connected with a second bias voltage through a third resistor (R3), and a collector of the third triode (T3) is connected with a third bias voltage through a sixth resistor (R6).
3. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: a second resistor (R2) is connected between the emitter of the first triode (T1) and the base of the second triode (T2), the base of the third triode (T3) is connected with a third bias voltage through a fourth resistor (R4), and the base of the third triode (T3) is grounded through a fifth resistor (R5).
4. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the first bias voltage is-5V, the second bias voltage is-15V, and the third bias voltage is + 15V.
5. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: the step recovery diode (D1) adopts an MP4023 step recovery diode, and the step recovery diode (D1) adopts P+NN+The step recovery diode (D1) has a step time of 50ps, the step recovery diode (D1) has a carrier lifetime of 30ns, and the step recovery diode has a second structureThe junction capacitance of the diode (D1) is 0.12pF, and the breakdown voltage of the step recovery diode (D1) is 15V.
6. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: the external voltage of the inductor (L1) is a compressed waveform voltage, and the compressed waveform voltage is 0.9V.
7. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: the first triode (T1) adopts a BFT92 triode, the first triode (T1) is a PNP type triode, the second triode (T2) adopts a BFG135 triode, the third triode (T3) adopts a BFG590 triode, and the second triode (T2) and the third triode (T3) are NPN type triodes.
8. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: the switching frequency of the first triode (T1) is 5GHz, and the switching frequency of the second triode (T2) and the switching frequency of the third triode (T3) are both 7 GHz.
9. The ultra-narrow pulse compression device based on the triode and the step recovery diode of claim 1, wherein: the input end (IN) adopts a negative pulse signal as an excitation source.
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