CN113087939A - 一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113087939A
CN113087939A CN202110226360.3A CN202110226360A CN113087939A CN 113087939 A CN113087939 A CN 113087939A CN 202110226360 A CN202110226360 A CN 202110226360A CN 113087939 A CN113087939 A CN 113087939A
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周贤敏
邓忠文
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Chongqing Membrane Technology Group Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜及其制备方法，所述的复合膜在不同湿度、温度下具有良好的防水性能和自适应透气性，并具有保暖性。此外，所述复合膜还具有较强的静水压力，优异的综合机械强度。该复合膜在智能可穿戴等领域具有较大的应用前景。

Description

一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及透气膜技术领域，具体涉及一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
由于寒冷的冬天经常伴随着雨雪，所以冬季服装的防水透气性能是必不可少的。传统的防水性透气膜分为多孔和无孔两大类，分别由聚四氟乙烯(e-PTFE)和聚氨酯构成。虽然这些膜具有适当的水蒸气穿透(WVT)能力，但并没有具备自适应呼吸能力、保温、自清洁等多功能特性。相比之下，智能透气膜可以在寒冷的天气中保持人体的温暖，也可以在不同条件下保持人体皮肤的干燥和舒适。因此，智能透气膜的发展具有重要应用前景，并有利于智能服装的发展，改善人们的生活品质。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供了一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜及其制备方法。
本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜，其特征在于，一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜可以通过以下方法制备：首先将单体和溶剂加入到充有保护气氛的反应容器，控制温度和反应时间，然后加入扩链剂反应一段时间后，加入中和剂继续反应一段时间，然后对聚合物沉淀进行清洗，备用；其次将上述制备的聚合物和添加剂分散到溶剂中，搅拌均匀；最后将上述所制备的浆料刮涂到基板上，加热烘干，控制浆料流速、基板速度以及加热温度和时间。
所述单体为聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯以及其他多异氰酸酯等中的一种或者多种。
所述扩链剂是2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、1，4一丁二醇(BDO)、1，6一己二醇、甘油、三甘醇、新戊二醇(NPG)、山梨醇、二乙氨基乙醇(DEAE)、乙二胺(DA)、N，N-二羟基(二异丙基)苯胺(HPA)等。还有氢醌一二(β一羟乙基)醚(HQEE)等中的一种或多种。
所述中和剂是二乙胺、三乙胺等中的一种或多种。
所述添加剂是二氧化硅气凝胶、二氧化钛气凝胶等中的一种或多种。
所述基板是玻璃、聚四氟乙烯、不锈钢板等。
一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)将单体加入到含有二甲基乙酰胺的反应容器中，加热搅拌。单体浓度0.01mol/L-1mol/L，加热温度为40-120℃，搅拌速度为50-5000r/min，反应时间为0.1-10h。
(2)在上述反应容器中加入一定量的扩链剂，继续加热搅拌一段时间。扩链剂和单体的质量比为1:20-1:1之间，加热温度为40-100℃，搅拌速度为50-5000r/min，反应时间为0.1-10h。
(3)在上述反应容器中加入一定量的中和剂，继续加热搅拌一段时间，得到的聚合物溶液备用。封端剂和单体的质量比为1:20-10:1之间，加热温度为40-100℃，搅拌速度为50-5000r/min，反应时间为0.1-10h。
(4)向上述实验得到的聚合物溶液中加入添加剂搅拌均匀。最后将上述所制备的浆料刮涂到基板上，80℃加热烘干，控制浆料流速为10mL/h-10L/h、基板速度为0.1m/min-10m/min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明方法简便，环保，成本低，适合规模化生产。同时本发明通过添加剂及聚合物的调控，能够控制薄膜结构，实现特殊功能性的提升，综合来看本发明所制备的复合膜在不同湿度、温度下具有良好的防水性能和自适应透气性，并具有保暖性。此外，该复合膜还具有较强的静水压力，优异的综合机械强度。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1将0.012mol聚乙二醇、0.002mol聚丙二醇以及0.020mol的4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯加入到含有200mL二甲基乙酰胺的反应容器中，80℃加热，500r/min搅拌2h。
在上述反应容器中加入0.006mol的2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，继续加热搅拌1h。然后加入0.002mol的乙二胺，50℃加热搅拌2h，得到的聚合物溶液备用。
向上述实验得到的聚合物溶液中加入0.01mol的二氧化硅气凝胶搅拌均匀。最后将所制备的浆料刮涂到聚四氟乙烯板上，80℃加热烘干，控制浆料流速为1L/h、基板速度为1m/min。
实施例2将0.015mol聚乙二醇以及0.020mol的2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯加入到含有200mL二甲基乙酰胺的反应容器中，80℃加热，500r/min搅拌2h。
在上述反应容器中加入0.006mol的2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，继续加热搅拌1h。然后加入0.003mol的乙三胺，50℃加热搅拌2h，得到的聚合物溶液备用。
向上述实验得到的聚合物溶液中加入0.01mol的二氧化硅气凝胶搅拌均匀。最后将所制备的浆料刮涂到玻璃板上，80℃加热烘干，控制浆料流速为1L/h、基板速度为1m/min。
实施例3将0.015mol聚乙二醇以及0.020mol的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯加入到含有200mL二甲基乙酰胺的反应容器中，80℃加热，500r/min搅拌2h。
在上述反应容器中加入0.006mol的2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，继续加热搅拌1h。然后加入0.003mol的乙二胺，50℃加热搅拌2h，得到的聚合物溶液备用。
向上述实验得到的聚合物溶液中加入0.01mol的二氧化钛气凝胶搅拌均匀。最后将所制备的浆料刮涂到玻璃板上，80℃加热烘干，控制浆料流速为1L/h、基板速度为1m/min。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于所述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是所述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (6)

1.一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜，其特征在于，一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜可以通过以下方法制备：首先将单体和溶剂加入到充有保护气氛的反应容器，控制温度和反应时间，然后加入扩链剂反应一段时间后，加入中和剂继续反应一段时间，然后对聚合物沉淀进行清洗，备用；其次将上述制备的聚合物和添加剂分散到溶剂中，搅拌均匀；最后将上述所制备的浆料刮涂到基板上，加热烘干，控制浆料流速、基板速度以及加热温度和时间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜，其特征在于：所述单体为聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯以及其他多异氰酸酯等中的一种或者多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜，其特征在于：所述扩链剂是2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、1，4一丁二醇(BDO)、1，6一己二醇、甘油、三甘醇、新戊二醇(NPG)、山梨醇、二乙氨基乙醇(DEAE)、乙二胺(DA)、N，N-二羟基(二异丙基)苯胺(HPA)等。还有氢醌一二(β一羟乙基)醚(HQEE)等中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜，其特征在于：所述中和剂是二乙胺、三乙胺等中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜，其特征在于：所述添加剂是二氧化硅气凝胶、二氧化钛气凝胶等中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有保温性能的防水透气膜，其特征在于：所述基板是玻璃、聚四氟乙烯、不锈钢板等。
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US20050106967A1 (en) * 2001-12-14 2005-05-19 Kenji Suzuki Antifouling waterproof sheet
JP2009221630A (ja) * 2008-03-17 2009-10-01 Unitica Fibers Ltd 透湿防水性布帛
CN103242646A (zh) * 2012-02-09 2013-08-14 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 一种防水透湿性薄膜及其制备方法和应用
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Application publication date: 20210709