CN113080043A - Stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling - Google Patents
Stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stock seeding method for melon double-broken-root grafting seedling. Belongs to the technical field of grafting. The method comprises the following steps: pretreating seeds, namely soaking melon grafting stock seeds in NaOH solution for the first time, and then soaking the melon grafting stock seeds in water; culturing seedlings on a tray, paving vermiculite in the tray, and watering; sowing, namely inserting seeds of melon grafting stocks into vermiculite downwards for sowing; covering with mulching film, placing in seedling bed or seedling greenhouse, and culturing. The invention obviously improves the seedling raising and grafting efficiency, saves the seedling raising space, reduces the labor cost and provides technical support for the development of the melon and vegetable industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grafting, in particular to a stock seeding method for melon double-root-breaking grafting seedling.
Background
The development of the Chinese melon and vegetable industry is rapid, and the characteristics of continuous expansion of the industrial scale, gradual concentration of the advantageous areas, continuous improvement of the product quality, gradual improvement of the market system, remarkable improvement of the international competitiveness and the like are presented.
However, due to continuous cropping for many years, unreasonable application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes the problems of soil hardening, salinization, unbalance of microbial flora, serious plant diseases and insect pests, environmental pollution and the like, and the phenomena of seedling death, quality reduction, yield reduction, even dead production and the like occur in production, so that the healthy and continuous development of the melon and vegetable industry in China is severely restricted.
The 'grafting technology' is commonly called 'root-changing technology', which is to change the root of a good melon and vegetable variety (scion) into a root system of a plant (stock) which is more disease-resistant and stress-tolerant to form a new complete plant. The grafting technology is widely applied to gardening production and is an effective measure for enhancing the stress resistance of crops, promoting the absorption of water and fertilizer and increasing the yield. The traditional grafting method such as grafting, cleft grafting and the like keeps the old root system of the stock, the old root system of the stock is removed in the root cutting grafting on the basis of the grafting, the stock is induced to generate new roots while the grafting is healed, the new root system has the capacities of absorbing nutrition and resisting diseases, the technical efficiency is higher, the grafting seedling recovering time is shorter, the survival rate is higher, the root system activity is stronger, the melon and vegetable quality is better, and the application on melon and vegetable is wider.
The first true leaf of stock shows (12 ~ 15 days after sowing) can carry out the root cutting grafting, and the root is cleared up as rubbish, uses plug matrix to grow seedlings among the prior art can cause the matrix to utilize inadequately, space utilization scheduling problem, causes very big waste to production.
Therefore, the technical personnel in the field need to solve the problem of how to provide a sowing method suitable for the melon vegetable double-root-cutting grafting rootstock.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a rootstock sowing method for melon double-broken-root grafting seedling.
The method comprises the steps of raising seedlings by adopting a tray, paving vermiculite in the tray, watering, controlling the humidity of a matrix, inserting melon grafting stock seeds (such as cucurbits, pumpkins and the like) into the vermiculite, leaving one third of the seeds exposed outside, controlling the seeding density, covering a layer of agricultural film on the tray, and placing the tray in a seedling raising bed or a seedling raising greenhouse for raising seedlings. And (3) when the first true leaf of the stock appears (12-15 days after sowing), carrying out root-cutting grafting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling comprises the following steps:
(1) performing seed pretreatment, namely soaking melon grafting stock seeds for 1-1.5 hours by adopting a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 0.9-1.2% for the first time to obtain seeds A, and soaking the seeds A with water to obtain seeds B for later use;
(2) culturing seedlings on a tray, paving vermiculite with the thickness of 2.0-2.5 cm in the tray, and watering until the humidity is 55-60% for later use;
(3) sowing, namely inserting the seeds B into vermiculite with the mouth facing downwards for sowing, and exposing one third of the seeds; the seeding density is 2500-3000 grains/m2；
(4) After sowing, covering with mulch film, placing in seedling bed or seedling greenhouse, and continuously culturing.
Has the advantages that: NaOH can kill pathogenic bacteria on seeds, reduce morbidity, and can digest part of wood fibers on seed shells, so that the seed shells are easier to crack, and the germination time is shortened.
The source of vermiculite is wide, the root can be removed and disinfected for reuse, and the production cost can be reduced. In addition, the vermiculite texture is lighter, is convenient for carry, can reduce the cost of labor.
Therefore, the germination time of the seeds can be advanced by 1-2 days, the seedlings emerge regularly, and the shelling rate and the seedling rate of the seeds are obviously improved.
The stock seeding is carried out by adopting the density, so that the stock seed utilization rate, the strong seedling rate and the space utilization rate are high; before seed germination, the temperature difference between day and night is controlled to be 8-12 ℃ so as to control day and night temperature difference, increase the accumulation of endosperm of seeds and promote seed germination.
Further, the concentration of the NaOH solution was 1%.
Further: and covering a layer of mulching film.
Preferably: the rootstock seeds in the step (1) are sourced from cucurbits and pumpkins.
Preferably: in the step (1), after primary soaking, washing for 3-5 times by using tap water;
the temperature for soaking in water is 20-30 ℃, and the soaking time is 24-36 h.
Preferably: and (4) continuing culturing: controlling the temperature to be 25-32 ℃ in daytime and 16-18 ℃ at night during seedling raising; removing the mulching film after the stock seeds come out of the soil, and controlling the temperature of the seedbed: the daytime temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the nighttime temperature is 14-16 ℃.
Furthermore, after the mulching film is removed, proper ventilation is carried out.
Preferably: further comprising: and (4) root cutting grafting, wherein after the stock seeds in the step (4) germinate, the first true leaves grow out, and the root cutting grafting is carried out.
Preferably: the root cutting grafting comprises the following steps:
1) cutting off the root of the stock at a position 6-7 cm below cotyledons of the stock, and cutting off 1 cotyledon and a growing point at the base of the cotyledon to obtain a stock inclined plane, wherein the inclined plane is 0.4-0.5 cm long;
2) cutting off roots at the position of 0.5-1.0 cm below cotyledons of the scion, wherein the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the inclined plane of the stock, and the direction of the inclined plane is consistent with that of the plane of the cotyledons, and attaching and fixing the inclined plane of the scion and the inclined plane of the stock to obtain a grafting combination;
3) and vertically cutting the grafting combination body in the plug substrate to a cutting depth of 1.5-2.5 cm.
Further: the inclined plane of the scion is aligned and firmly attached with the inclined plane of the stock, and is fixed by an anti-skid grafting clamp, and the directions of two planes of the scion cotyledon and the stock cotyledon are consistent.
Further, the components of the plug substrate are grass carbon: vermiculite: perlite in a mass ratio of 3:1: 1.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a rootstock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling, and the technical effects are as follows:
(1) at present, the plug seedling mainly adopts a matrix material which is mainly peat, and the peat contains rich nutrients but has higher price and belongs to non-renewable resources. Because the root cutting grafting can be carried out 12-15 days after the stock is sowed, the nutrient demand is less, and therefore, the stock seedling culture can be carried out by adopting vermiculite subjected to high-temperature disinfection. The vermiculite has wide source and lower price, and can be reused after being exposed to the sun and sterilized, thereby greatly reducing the seedling cost;
(2) at present, the stock adopts plug seedling, and the seeding density is 1400-1500 grains/m2And the seeding density can reach 2500-3000 grains/m by inserting the tray2Greatly saving the seedling culture space.
(3) The method has the advantages that the conventional plug tray is adopted for stock seedling culture, the seeds are seriously unearthed and need manual shelling, the seedlings are easily damaged by manual operation, the utilization rate of the seeds is reduced, the seed shells can be automatically removed after the seeds are unearthed, the manual shelling step is omitted, and the labor cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a growing object provided by the present invention, wherein A-seeding day, B-seeding 4 th day, C-seeding 7 th day, and D-seeding 12 th day.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a rootstock sowing method for melon double-broken-root grafting seedling.
Example 1
A stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling comprises the following steps:
(1) performing seed pretreatment, namely soaking melon grafting stock seeds for 1h by adopting a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 0.9% for the first time to obtain seeds A, and soaking the seeds A with water to obtain seeds B for later use;
(2) culturing seedling on a tray, paving vermiculite with the thickness of 2.0cm in the tray, and watering until the humidity is 55% for later use;
(3) sowing, namely inserting the seeds B into vermiculite with the mouth facing downwards for sowing, and exposing one third of the seeds; the seeding density is 2500 grains/m2；
(4) After sowing, covering with mulch film, placing in seedling bed or seedling greenhouse, and continuously culturing.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: the rootstock seeds in the step (1) are sourced from cucurbits and pumpkins.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: in the step (1), after primary soaking, washing for 3 times by using tap water;
soaking in water at 20 deg.C for 24 hr.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: and (4) continuing culturing: controlling the temperature at 25 ℃ in the daytime and 16 ℃ at night during seedling raising; removing the mulching film after the stock seeds come out of the soil, and controlling the temperature of the seedbed: the daytime temperature was 20 ℃ and the nighttime temperature was 14 ℃.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: further comprising: and (4) root cutting grafting, wherein after the stock seeds in the step (4) germinate, the first true leaves grow out, and the root cutting grafting is carried out.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: the root cutting grafting comprises the following steps:
1) cutting off the root of the stock at a position 6cm below cotyledons of the stock, and cutting off 1 cotyledon and a growing point at the base of the cotyledon to obtain a stock inclined plane, wherein the length of the inclined plane is 0.4 cm;
2) cutting off roots at a position 0.5cm below cotyledons of the scion, wherein the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the inclined plane of the stock, and the direction of the inclined plane is consistent with that of the plane of the cotyledons, and attaching and fixing the inclined plane of the scion and the inclined plane of the stock to obtain a grafting combination;
3) and vertically cutting the grafting combination body in the plug substrate to a cutting depth of 1.5-2.5 cm.
Example 2 (see FIG. 1)
A stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling comprises the following steps:
(1) performing seed pretreatment, namely soaking melon grafting stock seeds for 1.2 hours by adopting a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 1.0% for the first time to obtain seeds A, and soaking the seeds A with water to obtain seeds B for later use;
(2) culturing seedlings on a tray, paving vermiculite with the thickness of 2.2cm in the tray, and watering until the humidity is 58% for later use;
(3) sowing, namely inserting the seeds B into vermiculite with the mouth facing downwards for sowing, and exposing one third of the seeds; seeding density 2800 grains/m2；
(4) After sowing, covering with mulch film, placing in seedling bed or seedling greenhouse, and continuously culturing.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: the rootstock seeds in the step (1) are sourced from cucurbits and pumpkins.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: in the step (1), after primary soaking, washing for 4 times by using tap water;
soaking in water at 25 deg.C for 30 hr.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: and (4) continuing culturing: controlling the temperature at 28 ℃ in the daytime and 17 ℃ at night during seedling raising; removing the mulching film after the stock seeds come out of the soil, and controlling the temperature of the seedbed: the daytime temperature was 25 ℃ and the nighttime temperature was 15 ℃.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: further comprising: and (4) root cutting grafting, wherein after the stock seeds in the step (4) germinate, the first true leaves grow out, and the root cutting grafting is carried out.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: the root cutting grafting comprises the following steps:
1) cutting off the root of the stock at a position 6.5cm below cotyledons of the stock, and cutting off 1 cotyledon and a growth point at the base of the cotyledon to obtain a stock inclined plane with the length of 0.45 cm;
2) cutting off roots at a position 0.7cm below cotyledons of the scion, wherein the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the inclined plane of the stock, and the direction of the inclined plane is consistent with that of the plane of the cotyledons, and attaching and fixing the inclined plane of the scion and the inclined plane of the stock to obtain a grafting combination;
3) and vertically cutting the grafting combination body in the plug substrate, wherein the cutting depth is 2.0 cm.
Example 3
A stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling comprises the following steps:
(1) performing seed pretreatment, namely soaking melon grafting stock seeds for 1.5 hours by adopting a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 1.2% for the first time to obtain seeds A, and soaking the seeds A with water to obtain seeds B for later use;
(2) culturing seedling on a tray, paving vermiculite with the thickness of 2.5cm in the tray, and watering until the humidity is 60% for later use;
(3) sowing, namely inserting the seeds B into vermiculite with the mouth facing downwards for sowing, and exposing one third of the seeds; seeding density of 3000 grains/m2；
(4) After sowing, covering with mulch film, placing in seedling bed or seedling greenhouse, and continuously culturing.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: the rootstock seeds in the step (1) are sourced from cucurbits and pumpkins.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: in the step (1), after primary soaking, washing for 5 times by using tap water;
soaking with water at 30 deg.C for 36 hr.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: and (4) continuing culturing: controlling the temperature at 32 ℃ in the daytime and 18 ℃ at night during seedling raising; removing the mulching film after the stock seeds come out of the soil, and controlling the temperature of the seedbed: the daytime temperature was 30 ℃ and the nighttime temperature was 16 ℃.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: further comprising: and (4) root cutting grafting, wherein after the stock seeds in the step (4) germinate, the first true leaves grow out, and the root cutting grafting is carried out.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme: the root cutting grafting comprises the following steps:
1) cutting off the root of the stock at a position 7cm below cotyledons of the stock, and cutting off 1 cotyledon and a growing point at the base of the cotyledon to obtain a stock inclined plane, wherein the length of the inclined plane is 0.5 cm;
2) cutting off the root at a position 1.0cm below the cotyledon of the scion, wherein the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the inclined plane of the stock, and the direction of the inclined plane is consistent with that of the plane of the cotyledon, and attaching and fixing the inclined plane of the scion and the inclined plane of the stock to obtain a grafting combination;
3) and vertically cutting the grafting combination body in the plug substrate, wherein the cutting depth is 2.5 cm.
Comparative experiment 1
Influence of NaOH solution concentration and soaking time on growth of seedlings
The rootstock seeds are respectively soaked in NaOH solutions with the concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% for 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 hours, washed by tap water for 3-5 times and then soaked for 24-36 hours at the temperature of 20-30 ℃; 2.0-thickness vermiculite is laid in the seedling raising tray, watering is carried out, the substrate humidity is within the range of 55-65%, about two thirds of the rootstock seeds are vertically inserted into the vermiculite with mouths facing downwards, one third of the rootstock seeds is left to be exposed outside, a layer of agricultural film is covered on the tray, and the tray is placed in a seedling raising bed or a seedling raising greenhouse for conventional seedling raising.
The test was repeated 3 times, using tap water soaked seeds as control and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The results show that: as can be seen from Table 1, the NaOH concentration and the soaking time have great influence on the stock germination index, the shelling rate and the seedling rate, wherein the effect of soaking for 1-1.5 hours by 0.9-1.2% of NaOH is better, the germination index, the shelling rate and the seedling rate are higher than those of other treatments, and the seed unearthing time can be advanced by 1-2 days.
Comparative experiment 2
Influence of stock seed sowing depth on seedling growth
Laying a layer of vermiculite with the thickness of 2cm in a seedling tray (the length, width and height are 30cm multiplied by 2.5cm), watering until the humidity is 55-60%, then directly inserting the mouth of the stock seed downwards into the vermiculite, and setting three treatments for the sowing depth of the stock seed, wherein the treatments are respectively one half and two thirds, and all are inserted into the vermiculite; the sowing method (pressing 1cm sowing hole, laying the seeds horizontally and covering vermiculite) is used as a control, 300 grains are sowed in each tray, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times. The seed husking rate and seedling rate are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Depth of sowing | Index of germination | Shelling rate (%) | Percent seedling rate (%) |
| 1/2 seed length | 32.31Bb | 87.47Bb | 95.07Aab |
| 2/3 seed length | 33.82Aa | 93.3Aa | 97.23Aa |
| All are insertedAdding vermiculite | 31.97Bb | 91.37ABb | 95.8Ab |
| Control | 31.96Bb | 89.33BCc | 93.06Bc |
As can be seen from Table 2, the sowing depth has a great influence on the germination index, the shelling rate and the seedling rate of the stock seeds. Wherein, two thirds of the mouths of the rootstock seeds are downwards and directly inserted into the vermiculite, and the germination index, shelling rate and seedling rate of the seeds are all the highest.
Comparative experiment 3
Influence of stock seed sowing density on seedling growth
Laying a layer of 2 cm-thick vermiculite in a seedling tray (length, width and height: 54cm multiplied by 28cm multiplied by 3.0cm), watering until the humidity is 55-60%, then directly inserting the rootstock seeds with the mouths facing downwards into the vermiculite, directly inserting the melon grafting rootstock seeds with the mouths of 2/3 in the length facing downwards into the vermiculite, exposing the rest 1/3 outside, and setting the seeding density at 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 and 3500 grains/m2And covering a layer of agricultural film on the tray, and placing the tray in a seedling bed or a seedling greenhouse for seedling. Seedling raising in a tray with 72 holes (length, width and height: 54 cm. times.28 cm. times.3.0 cm) is used as a contrast, the sowing method is the same as above, and 2 seeds are sowed in each hole. When the first true leaf of the stock appears (12-15 days after sowing), root cutting grafting is carried out, and the cutting depth is 2 cm. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Germination index, dehulling rate and seedling rate of the seeds, the results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
| Seeding density (grain/m)2) | Index of germination | Rate of emergence (%) | Seed utilization (%) |
| 1500 | 34.03Aa | 95.53Aa | 95.87Aa |
| 2000 | 34.06Aa | 95.83Aa | 95.82Aa |
| 2500 | 33.63Aab | 95.83Aa | 95.87Aa |
| 3000 | 33.31Ab | 95.93Aa | 95.73Aa |
| 3500 | 32.25Bc | 93.8Bb | 93.87Bb |
| Control | 33.5Aab | 95.72Aa | 95.83Aa |
As can be seen from Table 3, the seeding density was 1500 to 3000 grains/m2The seedling emergence rate and the seed utilization rate are not different from those of a control, and the seeding density is more than 3000 grains/m2In time, the germination index, the emergence rate and the seed utilization rate are all obviously reduced and are lower than the control. Comprehensively comparing the rice seedlings in the aspects of saving seedling culture space, saving labor and the like, and using 2500-3000 grains/m2The seedling density is suitable for sowing and raising seedlings, and the final seedling rate is more than 95%.
Comparative experiment 4
Effect of vermiculite thickness on seedling growth
Laying a layer of 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 cm-thick vermiculite in a seedling tray (length, width and height: 30cm, 20cm, 2.5cm and 3.0cm), watering until the humidity is 55-60%, directly inserting the rootstock seed mouth downwards into the vermiculite, directly inserting the 2/3 mouths of the melon grafting rootstock seed length downwards into the vermiculite, exposing the rest 1/3 outside, covering a layer of agricultural film on the tray, and placing the tray in a seedling bed or a seedling greenhouse for seedling culture. Each run was 300 grains, and each process was repeated 3 times. The results are shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4
| Vermiculite thickness (cm) | Index of germination | Shelling rate (%) | Percent seedling rate (%) | Time of seed unearthing |
| 1.5 | 33.26Aa | 94.03Aa | 96.7Bb | 3 to 4 days |
| 2.0 | 33.50Aa | 94.07Aa | 98.1Aa | 3 to 4 days |
| 2.5 | 33.44Aa | 93.83Aa | 98.3Aa | 3 to 4 days |
| 3.0 | 33.51Aa | 94.23Aa | 98.2Aa | 3 to 4 days |
As can be seen from Table 4, when the thickness of vermiculite is greater than 2.0cm, the thickness of vermiculite has no influence on the germination index, shelling rate, seedling rate and seed unearthing time of the stock seeds. Considering the production cost, the thickness of the vermiculite is 2.0-2.5 cm as the best.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) performing seed pretreatment, namely soaking melon grafting stock seeds for 1-1.5 hours by adopting a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 0.9-1.2% for the first time to obtain seeds A, and soaking the seeds A with water to obtain seeds B for later use;
(2) culturing seedlings on a tray, paving vermiculite with the thickness of 2.0-2.5 cm in the tray, and watering until the humidity is 55-60% for later use;
(3) sowing, namely inserting seeds B into the vermiculite with the mouth facing downwards for sowing, and exposing one third of the seeds; the seeding density is 2500-3000 grains/m2；
(4) After sowing, covering with mulch film, placing in seedling bed or seedling greenhouse, and continuously culturing.
2. The method for sowing rootstock seeds for the double-root-cutting grafting seedling culture of melons according to claim 1, wherein the rootstock seeds in the step (1) are derived from cucurbits and pumpkins.
3. The method for seeding the rootstock for the double-root-cutting grafting seedling of the melons according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), after the primary soaking, the method further comprises the steps of washing the seedlings for 3-5 times by using tap water;
the temperature for soaking in water is 20-30 ℃, and the soaking time is 24-36 h.
4. The method for sowing rootstocks for the grafting and seedling culture of the melon with the double broken roots as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (4) of continuously culturing: controlling the temperature to be 25-32 ℃ in daytime and 16-18 ℃ at night during seedling raising; removing the mulching film after the stock seeds come out of the soil, and controlling the temperature of the seedbed: the daytime temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the nighttime temperature is 14-16 ℃.
5. The method for seeding the rootstock for the double-root-cutting grafting seedling culture of the melons as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the following steps: and (4) root cutting grafting, wherein the root cutting grafting is carried out when the stock seeds germinate and the first true leaves grow out.
6. The method for sowing rootstocks for the double-root-cutting grafting seedling culture of melons as claimed in claim 5, wherein the root-cutting grafting comprises the following steps:
1) cutting off the root of the stock at a position 6-7 cm below cotyledons of the stock, and cutting off 1 cotyledon and a growing point at the base of the cotyledon to obtain a stock inclined plane, wherein the inclined plane is 0.4-0.5 cm long;
2) cutting off roots at the position of 0.5-1.0 cm below cotyledons of the scion, wherein the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the inclined plane of the stock, and the direction of the inclined plane is consistent with that of the plane of the cotyledons, and attaching and fixing the inclined plane of the scion and the inclined plane of the stock to obtain a grafting combination;
3) and vertically cutting the grafting combination body in the plug substrate to a cutting depth of 1.5-2.5 cm.
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