CN107896853A - A kind of implantation methods of the north without shell pumpkin - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of the north without shell pumpkin Download PDFInfo
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- CN107896853A CN107896853A CN201711067907.XA CN201711067907A CN107896853A CN 107896853 A CN107896853 A CN 107896853A CN 201711067907 A CN201711067907 A CN 201711067907A CN 107896853 A CN107896853 A CN 107896853A
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- seed
- shell
- pumpkin
- shell pumpkin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, and specifically a kind of northern implantation methods without shell pumpkin, several invention key technology points are：（1）Soil is selected and prepared；（2）Seed chemicals treatment；（3）Presprouting of seeds；（4）Sowing；（5）Covering with ground sheeting；（6）Field management；（7）Pollination technique；（8）Main diseases and insect pests are prevented；（9）Harvest.In the method for the present invention, dressing seed processing is first carried out when the plantation north is without shell pumpkin, the disease insect pest phenomenon produced after seed sowing can be reduced, reach and save seed, ensures emergence purpose；Soil is handled by adding the base fertilizer of organic/inorganic fertilizer during plantation, it can ensure that melon rate height is sat in the north without shell pumpkin, ensure that northern squash seed without shell is full in fact at the same time, the method for the present invention can overcome the colder environmental condition limitation of the weather of northwestward drought, ensure the north without the stable, high-yielding of shell pumpkin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, a kind of specifically cultivation side of the north of China without shell pumpkin
Method.
Background technology
Squash seed without shell is the Pumpkin Seed that a kind of shell that has no guts has benevolence, it is variation extremely rare in cucurbita pepo
Kind；Its seed is born in pericarp in flesh, and kind grain is full after seed maturation, and exosper is degenerated to thin film（Without kind of a shell）, seed
It is made of thin layer endotesta, embryo.The general north is mostly that canescence or taupe, celadon, shape are flat without shell Pumpkin Seed
It is flat, 145~185g of mass of 1000 kernel.No shell pumpkin has the plantation of some scales in regions such as the northwests in China.On pumpkin
Nutritive value and health-care effect, are frequently seen on all kinds of media, are gradually familiar with by masses, in squash seed without shell, containing abundant
Unrighted acid（Linoleic acid, leukotrienes etc.）, blood glucose can be effectively reduced, prevents diabetes.Pumpkin has bowl spares
QI invigorating, anti-inflammatory analgetic, improving eyesight and other effects of fixing one's eyes upon.Eating raw can be with disinfection, and prepared food can improve the immunity of itself, naked benevolence south
Melon seeds can also be processed into edible oil, be a kind of high-grade nutrient health care edible oil.
The kind is planted in northern some areas scale, but in the more cold area of northern drought weather,
The north without shell pumpkin there are rotten kind, sit that melon rate is low and the problem of grain plumpness is poor, which can successfully realize in China
The planting technology of the northern good quality and high output without shell pumpkin.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the more cold area of north of China drought weather, the north exists without shell pumpkin
Rotten kind, sit the problem of melon rate is low and grain plumpness is poor, there is provided a kind of cultural method of the north without shell pumpkin, which can
Success is realized in cultivating superior high-yield of the northern China without shell pumpkin.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of cultural method of the north without shell pumpkin, mainly
Cultural method includes the following steps：Soil is selected and prepared：Select total salt ＜ 3g/kg of soil, organic matter ＞ 15g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen
＞ 50mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus ＞ 15mg/kg, available potassium ＞ 180mg/kg, the soil of pH value ＜ 8.0, preceding stubble is with corn, wheat, beans
Class is preferred.
Advocate the soil autumn irrigation autumn to turn over, decomposed good high-quality organic fertilizer 2000kg/667m is applied when ploughing2, by N P and K
Hefei（30-6-0）8kg/667m2~10kg/667m2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 8kg/667m2~10kg/667m2, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer
10kg/667m2Uniformly it is spread in ground, is ploughed deeply.Autumn ploughs the beginning of spring in next year or the spring ploughs after the spring turns over, and carries out target a kind of farm tools guarantor in due course
Moisture in the soil, in state to be broadcast.
Variety selection：Selection is adapted to yield height, the improved seeds that quality is good, disease resistance is strong locally planted.
Seed treatment：Bask seeds：Bask seeds 1d~2d before sowing, to strengthen seed vitality.
Dressing seed：Suspension seed-coating agent 100ml when fitting happy with 2.5%, converts suitable water, can dress seed sub- 50kg~10kg.
Seedtime：May early and middle ten days, 5cm ground temperature is stablized after plastic film mulch can be sowed when passing through 13 DEG C.
Seeding method：Under-film drip irrigation is cultivated, intermembranous away from 90cm~100cm using the mulch of 70cm wide, line-spacing on film
45cm, plastic film mulch, be laid with hollow billet, sow and once complete.Side deep fertilizing is carried out, by Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 4kg/667m2~5kg/667m2, sulphur
Sour potassic-magnesian fertilizer 8kg/667m2, organic commercial fertilizer 10kg/667m2, bar deep placement to the side of the seed than seed depth 6cm~10cm at.
Laying of the membrane quality requirement：Broadcast that row end is straight, and line-spacing is consistent, elastic appropriateness, film surface is open and flat, and earthing is tight, mulch lighting surface
Width G T.GT.GT 30cm.After plastic film mulch, per 3m~5m blindings on film, " playing waistband " is commonly called as, film is taken off to prevent strong wind.
Application rate：Application rate is 0.4kg/667m2~0.5 kg/667m2。
Seeding quality：To ensure that seedlings are uniform and strong, should accomplish to close moisture in the soil sowing, the amount of broadcasting is accurate, and seed level is consistent, and seeding down is uniform, no
Weight does not leak, and it is straight to broadcast row end, connects that row is accurate, and earthing is tight, and suppression is certain.
Field management：Seedling is looked into reseed：Seedling is looked into, seedling is put, reseeds in time, can be colonized when true leaf grows to 1~2,1 cave
1 seedling, rational close planting, avoids growing pest and disease damage because density is excessive.
Tillage and weeding：The seeding row spacing of no shell pumpkin field planting is larger, and the strain number planted per 667m2 kinds is less, it is roomy in the ranks, water
Fertile suitable, illumination is sufficient, and weeds easily grow.Therefore tillage and weeding, Meteorological effect, promoting root growth hair are wanted to climing Feng Hangqian is stretched in emergence
Seedling, in favor of strengthening seedling.
Pour water top dressing：1st water infusion volume 3m3/667m2~5m3/667m2, drip again 1 time after 3d~5d.1st water droplet is fashionable to be added
Good 1kg/667m2 is applied, the 3rd water droplet is fashionable to add network ammonia ketone 300g/667m2~350g/667m2.
Top dressing：When dripping, it can drip according to pumpkin regulation of fertilizer requirement and field growing way and apply nitro-compound fertilizer 3kg/667m2~
5kg/667m2.When more than 70% young fruit occupied stably egg it is big when, phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen 150g/667m2~200g/667m2Convert
Water sprays 1 time~2 times, can also spray the foliar fertilizer 100g/667m of boracic2~150g/667m2。
Bee colony pollinates：No shell pumpkin is the different colored insect pollination crop of monoecism, and artificial pollination is to improving without shell pumpkin
Fruiting rate is extremely advantageous, particularly rainy weather, and humidity is big, illumination is few, temperature is low, often influences no shell pumpkin pollination and knot
Melon, causes stiff flower bud, mummy or changes fruit.Every 5000 m2 of Production of Large Fields should have one case advantage bee, and bee colony should be before no shell pumpkin be bloomed
Move into, 30%~70% can be increased production.
Artificial pollination：Artificial supplementary pollination Best Times are mornings 7:When 00~10:When 00, at the latest no more than 11:When 00.
Method is：Male flower is won, petal is removed, lightly pollen is applied on ripe chapiter.It is uniform to smear pollen, every hero
Flower can award 3~4 female flowers.
Remove roguing melon：Extractd in early August sick melon, small melon, lopsided melon and cannot be ripe melon.
Main diseases and insect pests are prevented：The cultural control of powdery mildew：The crop rotation of 2 years~3 years is carried out with gramineous crop；Select anti-
Sick kind；Using Formula fertilization by soil testing, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer；Enhance field management, nurturing staff, strengthens the disease-resistant energy of plant
Power.
The chemical control of powdery mildew：Early stage, with 1% Wettable polyoxin powder, 800 times of liquid or 10% Flusilazole
（Lucky star）7500 times of liquid, or 10% difenoconazole（Generation is high）1500 times of liquid spraying preventions.The morbidity middle and later periods can also use 72% sulphur
Pulvis, dosage 2kg/667m2~3kg/667m2, uniformly dusted with sprayer or manually spread fertilizer over the fields.Medicament is used alternatingly, continuous anti-
Control 2 times~3 times, every kind of pesticide can only use 1 time.
The cultural control of downy mildew：Strengthen field planting management, improve plant disease resistance.
The chemical control of downy mildew：Early stage, with 80% S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate（Group section）Missible oil 20ml/667m2, add 10% micro yuan
Element（Golden k elements）Foliar fertilizer 20ml/667m2After mixing, it is watered 30kg and carries out spraying prevention, or can with 53% Ridomil MZ Gold
600 times of liquid~800 times liquid of wet powder, or with 72% cymoxanil mancozeb（Ke Lu）600 times of liquid~800 times liquid of wettable powder, or use
72.2% Propamocarb（It is general to make every effort to overcome）600 times of liquid~800 times liquid of wettable powder carry out foliar spray prevention.Medicament is used alternatingly, even
Continuous to prevent 1 time~2 times, every kind of medicament can only use 1 time.
The cultural control of droop：Disease-resistant variety is selected, broadcasts disease-free seed；Remove sick seedling and invalid body, it is buried or burn.
The chemical control of droop：Seedling stage selects 4% antibiotic in pyrimidine nucleoside class（It is mould anti-）1500 times of liquid~2000 times liquid,
Or 40% is withered net（More good fortune）1000 times of liquid~1500 times liquid of wettable powder add high-quality foliar fertilizer 100ml/667m2, it is uniformly mixed
After spray.Medicament is used alternatingly, and every kind of pesticide can only use 1 time.Trickle irrigation is carried out, drop applies 25% network ammonia copper water agent when dripping
200ml/667m2~250ml/667m2, can effectively prevent droop.
The cultural control of aphid：After crop harvesting, field and Weeds Around are removed in time, cleaning stubble fallen leaves, concentrate and burn
Ruin or make compost, and soil deeptillage, hibernacle is destroyed, reduces overwintering worm sources.Scientific irrigation during high temperature and drought, it is wet to improve field
Degree, changes field and is suitable for the drying miniclimate that aphid occurs, and mitigates aphid and causes harm and propagate.The physical control of aphid：Using Huang
Plate traps and kills aphid, and yellow plate gauge lattice are 30cm~40cm, hangs 30 pieces/667m2~40 pieces/667m2, yellow plate is from melon seedling height 20cm
~25cm.
The chemical control of aphid：Early period of origination, with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid, spraying prevention.
The cultural control of red spider：Remove field and Weeds Around, after crop harvesting, clear up stubble fallen leaves in time, concentrate
Burn or buried, and soil deeptillage, destroy Ye hibernacle, reduce overwintering worm sources.When weather is arid, irrigation should be increased, changed
Become field be suitable for Ye occur drying miniclimate.
The chemical control of red spider：With 73% 1000 times of liquid of propargite, or with 25% quinomethionate, 1200 times of liquid, or with 20%
The 1000 times of liquid spraying preventions of compound macro tetrolide.Medicament is used alternatingly, and every kind of pesticide can only use 1 time.
Harvest：It can be harvested when carpopodium soft surface, color and luster are changed into khaki, or 40d~50d is harvested after pollination.
The aging no shell pumpkin of harvesting, should be deposited at shady and cool drying, by 15d~20d after-ripening stages, you can carried out with machinery
Take seed operation.
Brief description of the drawings：Fig. 1 is the plantation section design sketch of soil ridging of the present invention；Fig. 2 is that three-dimensional effect diagram is looked down in plantation.
Claims (8)
1. the northern cultural method without shell pumpkin, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
（1）Soil is selected and prepared：Select total salt ＜ 3g/kg of soil, organic matter ＞ 15g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen ＞ 50mg/kg, quick-acting
Phosphorus ＞ 15mg/kg, available potassium ＞ 180mg/kg, the soil of pH value ＜ 8.0, preceding stubble are preferred with corn, wheat, legume crop（2）
Dressing seed：Suspension seed-coating agent 100ml when fitting happy by 2.5%, converts suitable water, can dress seed sub- 50kg~10kg（3）Seed is urged
Bud：It will be taped against in net bed, be covered with cotton, untill sprinkling carbendazim aqueous solution to cotton moistens, seed stops urging after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally
Bud；（4）Sowing：It can be sowed when 5cm ground temperature after early and middle ten days in May, plastic film mulch is stablized and passes through 13 DEG C, thickness of sowing is
2200~2600 plants/acre；（5）Field management.
2. the northern cultural method without shell pumpkin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（1）Applied when ploughing
Enter decomposed good high-quality organic fertilizer 2000kg/667m2, by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer（18-18-18）20kg/667m2~25kg/
667m2Uniformly it is spread in ground, is ploughed deeply, the autumn ploughs the beginning of spring in next year or the spring ploughs after the spring turns over, and carries out target a kind of farm tools soil moisture conservation in due course, in treating
Broadcast state.
3. the northern cultural method without shell pumpkin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）Middle seed is urged
During bud, the mass concentration of carbendazim aqueous solution is 0.4%, and temperature is 30 DEG C~40 DEG C.
4. the northern cultural method without shell pumpkin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（3）Middle sowing
When, under-film drip irrigation cultivation, intermembranous away from 90cm~100cm using the mulch of 70cm wide, line-spacing 45cm on film, plastic film mulch, be laid with hair
Pipe, sowing are once completed.
5. the northern cultural method without shell pumpkin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4）Middle field pipe
Reason, includes the following steps：Look into seedling to reseed, look into seedling in time, put seedling, reseed, can be colonized when true leaf grows to 1~2,1 cave 1
Seedling, rational close planting, avoids growing pest and disease damage because density is excessive.
6. drip, the 1st water infusion volume 3m3/667m2~5m3/667m2, drip again 1 time after 3d~5d, the 1st water droplet is fashionable be affixed by it is good
1kg/667m2, the 3rd water droplet is fashionable to add network ammonia ketone 300g/667m2~350g/667m2。
7. top dressing can be dripped according to pumpkin regulation of fertilizer requirement and field growing way and apply nitro-compound fertilizer 4kg/667m2~5kg/667m2, when
More than 70% young fruit occupied stably egg it is big when, phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen 150g/667m2~200g/667m2It is watered and sprays 1 time~2
It is secondary, it can also spray the foliar fertilizer 100g/667m of boracic2~150g/667m2。
8. bee colony pollinates, no shell pumpkin is the different colored insect pollination crop of monoecism, particularly rainy weather, and humidity is big, illumination
Less, temperature is low, often influences no shell pumpkin pollination and knot melon, causes stiff flower bud, mummy or changes fruit, Production of Large Fields is per 5000m2Ying You
One case advantage bee, bee colony should move into before no shell pumpkin is bloomed, and can increase production 30%~70%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711067907.XA CN107896853A (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2017-11-03 | A kind of implantation methods of the north without shell pumpkin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711067907.XA CN107896853A (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2017-11-03 | A kind of implantation methods of the north without shell pumpkin |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107896853A true CN107896853A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
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| CN201711067907.XA Withdrawn CN107896853A (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2017-11-03 | A kind of implantation methods of the north without shell pumpkin |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113080043A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100977293B1 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-08-23 | 정승혜 | Method for cultivating improved vegetable fruit quality |
| CN104938167A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | 贵州远志佳明科技发展有限公司 | Culturing method of non-shell pumpkins |
-
2017
- 2017-11-03 CN CN201711067907.XA patent/CN107896853A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100977293B1 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-08-23 | 정승혜 | Method for cultivating improved vegetable fruit quality |
| CN104938167A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | 贵州远志佳明科技发展有限公司 | Culturing method of non-shell pumpkins |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵志会: "早熟小果型南瓜新品种--红英", 《长江蔬菜》 * |
| 马文军 等: "福海县无壳南瓜高产栽培技术", 《农村科技》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113080043A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Stock sowing method for melon double-root-cutting grafting seedling |
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Application publication date: 20180413 |
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