CN113072369A - 高剩磁比的u型六角铁氧体材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

高剩磁比的u型六角铁氧体材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113072369A
CN113072369A CN202110320056.5A CN202110320056A CN113072369A CN 113072369 A CN113072369 A CN 113072369A CN 202110320056 A CN202110320056 A CN 202110320056A CN 113072369 A CN113072369 A CN 113072369A
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蒋晓娜
焦斌
邬传健
余忠
孙科
兰中文
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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Abstract

一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料及其制备方法,属于铁氧体材料制备技术领域。包括主料和掺杂剂,主料:19.2~20.7wt%BaCO3、0.2~1.3wt%La2O3、75.4~75.6wt%Fe2O3、3.9wt%NiO;掺杂剂:2~3wt%Bi2O3、1.5~2.5wt%CuO。本发明提供的高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料的制备方法,采用离子取代、淬火和二次球磨高球料比、湿法磁场成型等,获得了高剩磁比、低铁磁共振线宽的U型六角铁氧体材料,可满足Ku波段铁氧体自偏置环行器的性能要求。同时,方法简单,成本低,周期短,适用于大型工业生产。

Description

高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于铁氧体材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着微波技术的快速发展,环行器正朝着小型化、集成化等方向发展。传统的环行器需要外加磁钢提供偏置磁场,这不利于环行器的小型化和轻量化,尤其是在Ku频段以上应用而言。具有c轴取向的六角铁氧体因有高磁晶各向异性场(Ha),可以在其内部形成“自建内场”,使环行器可以去除外加磁钢,减小尺寸和质量。
目前,自偏置环行器的铁氧体材料大多为具有c轴取向的M型钡或锶六角铁氧体,M型铁氧体的晶体结构相对简单,易获得纯相,磁晶各向异性强,易获得高矫顽力(Hc)和保持高剩磁(Mr),磁晶各向异性场(Ha)强,使得其铁磁共振频率高,有利于工作在高频段,尤其适用于Ka波段以上。但M型铁氧体磁晶各向异性较强,不利于获得低铁磁共振线宽。而具有c轴取向的U型六角铁氧体具有较低的磁晶各向异性常数(K1)和磁晶各向异性场(Ha),有利于获得较低的铁磁共振线宽,较适合应用于Ku波段及以下频段的自偏置铁氧体环行器。但U型的磁晶各向异性相对较弱,难获得高剩磁。目前,由国内外研究文献可知,U型六角铁氧体块材的剩磁比(Mr/Ms)还相对较低,一般不高于0.87。因此,提高U型六角铁氧体块材的剩磁比对提高该材料的剩磁非常关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,针对背景技术存在的缺陷,提出了一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料及制备方法,该材料可应用于Ku波段铁氧体自偏置环行器。本发明通过优化的主配方(主配方中进行La3+、Ni2+离子取代)和掺杂剂(掺杂剂中选择适宜量的Bi2O3和CuO)控制材料的成分,通过优化的淬火工艺和二次球磨工艺调控材料的粉体粒度在0.7~1微米,结合湿法磁场成型工艺制备生坯,再结合优化的烧结工艺,最终制备的U型六角铁氧体材料,其剩磁比达到0.89以上,且铁磁共振线宽较低,可低于300Oe。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料,其特征在于,包括主料和掺杂剂,所述主料包括:19.2~20.7wt%BaCO3、0.2~1.3wt%La2O3、75.4~75.6wt%Fe2O3、3.9wt%NiO;
所述掺杂剂以主料的质量为参照基准,按重量百分比,以氧化物计算,掺杂剂包括:2~3wt%Bi2O3、1.5~2.5wt%CuO。
一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、预烧料制备
1.1以BaCO3、La2O3、Fe2O3、NiO作为原料,按照主料:19.2~20.7wt%BaCO3、0.2~1.3wt%La2O3、75.4~75.6wt%Fe2O3、3.9wt%NiO的比例称取原料,然后进行一次球磨3~6h;
1.2将步骤1.1得到的一次球磨料烘干、过筛后,在1200~1250℃温度下预烧2~3h,随炉冷却至室温后,取出,得到预烧料;
步骤2、淬火
将步骤1得到的预烧料在700~800℃下进行淬火处理,淬火完成后,过筛;
步骤3、掺杂
以步骤2得到的过筛后的粉料为参照基准,以氧化物计算,按重量百分比加入以下掺杂剂:2~3wt%Bi2O3、1.5~2.5wt%CuO;
步骤4、二次球磨
将步骤4得到的粉料,按照质量比球:粉料:水=(10~12):1:1.5的比例进行球磨,球磨时间为10~12h;
步骤5、磁场成型
将步骤4得到的浆料进行脱水,控制浆料的含水量在35wt%~50wt%之间,然后采用湿法磁场成型设备压制成型,成型压力为6~7MPa,成型磁场强度为12~15kOe,保压时间为30~50s;
步骤6、烧结
将步骤5压制得到的生坯进行烧结处理,烧结温度为1050~1200℃,保温时间1~2h,烧结完成后,随炉自然冷却至室温,得到所述U型六角铁氧体材料。
步骤7、测试
将步骤6得到的样品进行密度测试,并制备样品进行静磁性能及铁磁共振线宽测试。采用Bettersize2600型激光粒度分析仪干法测试二次球磨粉体粒度,采用美国LakeShore 8604型振动样品磁强计测试样品的矫顽力Hc、饱和磁化强度4πMs、剩余磁化强度4πMr以及剩磁比4πMr/4πMs等静磁性能,采用美国Agilent N5227A矢量网络分析仪测试样品的铁磁共振线宽(ΔH),磁晶各向异性场(Ha)由Kittle公式
Figure BDA0002992472120000031
推导得到。
本发明提供的一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料的制备方法,在主配方中进行La3+、Ni2+离子取代以提高磁晶各向异性常数。对预烧料进行淬火,通过淬火中引入的应力产生晶体缺陷,有利于在二次球磨时细化粉料粒度。同时,在二次球磨过程中,采用高球料比来调控浆料的粒度分布。在磁场成型时,粉料沿磁场取向,形成c轴取向,取向度变大,剩磁比升高。烧结时粉体粒度低,烧结活性强,气孔率减小,更加致密。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明提供的一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料的制备方法,采用离子取代、淬火和二次球磨高球料比、湿法磁场成型等,获得了高剩磁比、低铁磁共振线宽的U型六角铁氧体材料,可满足Ku波段铁氧体自偏置环行器的性能要求。同时,方法简单,成本低,周期短,适用于大型工业生产。
附图说明
图1为实施例1得到的六角微波铁氧体材料的扫描电镜照片;
图2为实施例2得到的六角微波铁氧体材料的扫描电镜照片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,详述本发明的技术方案。
一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:配方
以BaCO3、La2O3、Fe2O3、NiO作为原料,按照主料:19.2~20.7wt%BaCO3、0.2~1.3wt%La2O3、75.4~75.6wt%Fe2O3、3.9wt%NiO的比例称取原料;
步骤2:一次球磨
将步骤1的粉料,按照球:料:水质量比为3:1:1.5的比例,在行星式球磨机中混合均匀,时间为6小时;
步骤3:预烧
将步骤2得到的浆料烘干、过筛后,放置于预烧罐中,在1200~1250℃的温度下进行预烧,保温时间2~3小时;
步骤4:淬火
将步骤3得到的预烧料在700~800℃进行淬火,淬火完成后,过筛;
步骤5、掺杂
以步骤4得到的过筛后的粉料为参照基准,以氧化物计算,按重量百分比加入以下掺杂剂:2~3wt%Bi2O3、1.5~2.5wt%CuO;
步骤6:二次球磨
将步骤5得到的粉料,按照质量比球:粉料:水=(10~12):1:1.5的比例在行星式球磨机中进行球磨,球磨时间为10~12h;
步骤7、磁场成型
将步骤6得到的浆料进行脱水,控制浆料的含水量在35wt%~50wt%之间,然后采用湿法磁场成型设备压制成生坯,成型压力为6~7MPa,成型磁场强度为12~15kOe,保压时间为30~50s;
步骤8、烧结
将步骤7压制得到的生坯在箱式炉中进行烧结处理,烧结温度为1050~1200℃,保温时间1~2h,烧结完成后,随炉自然冷却至室温,得到所述U型六角铁氧体材料。
步骤9、测试
将步骤8得到的样品进行密度测试,并制备样品进行静磁性能及铁磁共振线宽测试。采用Bettersize2600型激光粒度分析仪干法测试二次球磨粉体粒度,采用美国LakeShore 8604型振动样品磁强计测试样品的矫顽力Hc、饱和磁化强度4πMs、剩余磁化强度4πMr以及剩磁比4πMr/4πMs等静磁性能,采用美国Agilent N5227A矢量网络分析仪测试样品的铁磁共振线宽(ΔH),磁晶各向异性场(Ha)由Kittle公式
Figure BDA0002992472120000041
推导得到。
实施例1
步骤1:配方
以BaCO3、La2O3、Fe2O3、NiO作为原料,按照主料:20.17wt%BaCO3、0.43wt%La2O3、75.5wt%Fe2O3、3.9wt%NiO的比例称取原料;
步骤2:一次球磨
将步骤1的粉料,按照球:料:水质量比为3:1:1.5的比例,在行星式球磨机中混合均匀,时间为6小时;
步骤3:预烧
将步骤2得到的浆料烘干、过筛后,放置于预烧罐中,在1250℃的温度下进行预烧,保温时间2小时;
步骤4:淬火
将步骤3得到的预烧料在700℃进行淬火,淬火完成后,过筛;
步骤5、掺杂
以步骤4得到的过筛后的粉料为参照基准,以氧化物计算,按重量百分比加入以下掺杂剂:2.5wt%Bi2O3、2.0wt%CuO;
步骤6:二次球磨
将步骤5得到的粉料,按照质量比球:粉料:水=10:1:1.5的比例在行星式球磨机中进行球磨,球磨时间为10h;
步骤7、磁场成型
将步骤6得到的浆料进行脱水,控制浆料的含水量在35wt%~40wt%之间,然后采用湿法磁场成型设备压制成生坯,成型压力为7MPa,成型磁场强度为12kOe,保压时间为30s;
步骤8、烧结
将步骤7压制得到的生坯在箱式炉中进行烧结处理,烧结温度为1120℃,保温时间2h,烧结完成后,随炉自然冷却至室温,得到所述U型六角铁氧体材料。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1相比,区别在于:步骤6二次球磨中,质量比球:粉料:水=12:1:1.5。其余步骤与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1相比,区别在于:步骤4中,淬火温度为800℃。其余步骤与实施例1相同。
对以上工艺制备的高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体块材进行测试,实施例1~3性能列表如下:
Figure BDA0002992472120000061

Claims (2)

1.一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料,其特征在于,包括主料和掺杂剂,所述主料包括:19.2~20.7wt%BaCO3、0.2~1.3wt%La2O3、75.4~75.6wt%Fe2O3、3.9wt%NiO;
所述掺杂剂以主料的质量为参照基准,按重量百分比,以氧化物计算,掺杂剂包括:2~3wt%Bi2O3、1.5~2.5wt%CuO。
2.一种高剩磁比的U型六角铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、预烧料制备
1.1以BaCO3、La2O3、Fe2O3、NiO作为原料,按照主料:19.2~20.7wt%BaCO3、0.2~1.3wt%La2O3、75.4~75.6wt%Fe2O3、3.9wt%NiO的比例称取原料,然后进行一次球磨3~6h;
1.2将步骤1.1得到的一次球磨料烘干、过筛后,在1200~1250℃温度下预烧2~3h,随炉冷却至室温后,取出,得到预烧料;
步骤2、淬火
将步骤1得到的预烧料在700~800℃下进行淬火处理,淬火完成后,过筛;
步骤3、掺杂
以步骤2得到的过筛后的粉料为参照基准,以氧化物计算,按重量百分比加入以下掺杂剂:2~3wt%Bi2O3、1.5~2.5wt%CuO;
步骤4、二次球磨
将步骤4得到的粉料,按照质量比球:粉料:水=(10~12):1:1.5的比例进行球磨,球磨时间为10~12h;
步骤5、磁场成型
将步骤4得到的浆料进行脱水,控制浆料的含水量在35wt%~50wt%之间,然后采用湿法磁场成型设备压制成型,成型压力为6~7MPa,成型磁场强度为12~15kOe,保压时间为30~50s;
步骤6、烧结
将步骤5压制得到的生坯进行烧结处理,烧结温度为1050~1200℃,保温时间1~2h,烧结完成后,随炉自然冷却至室温,得到所述U型六角铁氧体材料。
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