CN113069516B - 一种防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药复方组合物及其用途 - Google Patents
一种防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药复方组合物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请属于医药领域。本申请涉及一种防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药组合物,它由下述重量配比的原料药制成:土茯苓2份、生地黄2份、黄芩1份、赤芍1份、丹皮1份、当归1份、防风1份、荆芥1份、徐长卿1份。本发明的中药组合物可进一步优化为以下重量配比的原料药制成:土茯苓2份、黄芩1份、赤芍1份。本发明还涉及一种防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药组合物,它包含下列重量份成分:土茯苓提取物2份、黄芩提取物3份、赤芍提取物4份。本发明的中药组合物可加工成水剂、乳剂、膏剂等外用制剂,采用此提取物制备的产品具有止痒、抗炎效果,可用于瘙痒症、银屑病的治疗及预防。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药学领域,特别是涉及一种防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药复方组合物及其用途。
背景技术
皮肤瘙痒是一种源于皮肤及黏膜引起的搔抓欲望反应,会产生令人不愉快或难以忍受的感受,严重搔抓会导致皮肤破损,影响患者的日常生活甚至心理健康。随着现代社会的发展,人们对于健康及生活质量关注度日渐提高,皮肤瘙痒症虽不会危及生命,但严重影响患者的正常睡眠,长期夜寐不安或失眠,从而导致精神不振,生活质量严重下降。世界卫生组织发布的全球疾病负担(The Global Burden of Disease,GBD)报告将瘙痒症列为全球前五十种最常见的疾病之一,此外瘙痒也被认为是未来全球皮肤健康领域的挑战之一。国内研究报道,中国皮肤病的发病率高达1.23%,其中主要症状为皮肤瘙痒。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在提供一种防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药复方组合物及其制药用途。
本发明的第一方面提供了一种具有止痒功效的中药组合物,它包括下列重量份成分:土茯苓2份、生地黄2份、黄芩1份、赤芍1份、丹皮1份、当归1份、防风1份、荆芥1份、徐长卿1份。
本发明在上述9味中药组合物基础上,提供了一种更加精简的具有止痒功效的中药组合物,它包括下列重量份成分:土茯苓2份、黄芩1份、赤芍1份。
本发明的另一方面是提供了一种具有止痒功效的中药组合物,它包含下列份成分:土茯苓提取物2份、黄芩提取物3份、赤芍提取物4份;
所述土茯苓提取物可由如下方法制得:取土茯苓饮片,加水煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并滤液,采用D101型大孔树脂,水洗脱至无色,再用20%乙醇洗脱至无色,随后采用60%乙醇洗脱,收集60%乙醇洗脱液,滤液浓缩至稠膏后,冷冻干燥,即可获得土茯苓提取物。
所述黄芩提取物可由如下方法制得:取黄芩饮片,加水煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并滤液,浓缩至适量后加入等体积的正丁醇萃取,收集正丁醇层溶剂,减压浓缩至稠膏后,冷冻干燥,即可获得黄芩提取物。
所述赤芍提取物可由如下方法制得:取赤芍饮片,加水煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并滤液,浓缩至适量后加入等体积的正丁醇萃取,收集正丁醇层溶剂,减压浓缩至稠膏后,冷冻干燥,即可获得赤芍提取物。
在另一优选例中,所述中药组合物含有0.10-1.50%wt没食子酸和2-30%wt的总黄酮(以汉黄芩苷计)。
本发明还提供了上述中药组合物在制备具有止痒的药物中应用。
本发明各个方面的细节将在随后的章节中得以详尽描述。通过下文以及权利要求的描述,本发明的特点、目的和优势将更为明显。
附图说明
图1复方9味(FF-9)水提物中主成分的HPLC分析结果
图2复方9味(FF-9)水提物的LC-MS分析结果
图2A为FF-9样品色谱峰鉴定编号示意图(TIC)-负离子模式;
图2B为FF-9样品色谱峰鉴定编号示意图(TIC)-正离子模式;
图2C为FF-9样品色谱峰鉴定编号示意图(BPC)-负离子模式;
图3复方9味(FF-9)与复方3味(FF-3)水提物的HPLC分析比较结果
图4外用软膏对组胺诱导的小鼠急性瘙痒实验行为学的干预作用
图5外用软膏对组胺诱导的急性瘙痒实验RT-PCR的分析结果
具体实施方式
本发明的问世部分是基于这样一个意外发现:由土茯苓、生地黄等多味中药原料药制成的特定配方的中药复方组合物,在动物模型上具有显著的抗炎止痒功效。因此,本发明的中药复方组合物可用于制备防治皮肤瘙痒症的药物。
本发明的中药复方组合物可用本领域的常规方法制备而成。如将土茯苓、生地黄等原料药一起加水、浸泡,加热回流提取两次,合并两次滤液,减压浓缩干燥即得。本发明的中药复方组合物的原料药均可通过商业途径购买获得。
本发明的中药复方组合物可以单独以膏剂的形式使用或以药物组合物的形式使用。药物组合物包括作为活性成分的本发明的中药复方组合物及可药用载体。较佳地,其含有 0.10-1.50%wt重量百分比的没食子酸、2-30%wt重量百分比的总黄酮苷类化合物作为活性成分的本发明的中药复方组合物。“可药用载体”不会破坏本发明的本发明的中药复方组合物的药学活性,同时其有效用量,即能发挥药物载体作用时的用量对人体无毒。
所述可药用载体包括但不限于:软磷脂、硬脂酸铝、氧化铝、离子交换材料、自乳化药物传递系统、吐温或其他表面活化剂、血清蛋白、缓冲物质如磷酸盐、氨基乙酸、山梨酸、水、盐、电解质如硫酸盐精蛋白、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钾、氯化钠、锌盐、硅酸镁、饱和脂肪酸部分甘油酯混合物等。
其他常用的药物辅料如粘合剂(如微晶纤维素)、填充剂(如淀粉、葡萄糖、无水乳糖和乳糖珠粒)、崩解剂(如交联PVP、交联羧甲基淀粉钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、低取代羟丙基纤维素)、润滑剂(如硬脂酸镁)以及吸收促进剂、吸附载体、香味剂、甜味剂、赋形剂、稀释剂、润湿剂等。
本发明的中药复方组合物以及其药物组合物可按本领域常规方法制备并可以通过肠道或非肠道或局部途径给药。口服(肠道)制剂包括片剂、颗粒剂、悬浮液、胶囊、溶液等,非肠道给药制剂包括注射液等。局部给药制剂包括霜剂、贴剂、软膏剂、喷雾剂等。
本发明的中药复方组合物及其药物组合物的给药途径可以为口服、舌下、经皮、经肌肉或皮下、皮肤粘膜、静脉、尿道、阴道等。
本发明的中药复方组合物及其药物组合物的用量可根据给药途径、患者的年龄和体重、病症严重程度的不同而不同,其日剂量可以是0.001~100mg/kg,可以一次或多次给药。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则所有的百分数、比率、比例、或份数按重量计。
除非另行定义,文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。此外,任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法及材料皆可应用于本发明方法中。文中所述的较佳实施方法与材料仅作示范之用。
本发明提到的上述特征,或实施例提到的特征可以任意组合。本专利说明书所揭示的所有特征可与任何组合物形式并用,说明书中所揭示的各个特征,可以任何可提供相同、均等或相似目的的替代性特征取代。因此除有特别说明,所揭示的特征仅为均等或相似特征的一般性例子。
下列实施例中所使用的材料、试剂与仪器如下:
中药饮片来源:
*冰片购于康美药业股份有限公司,除冰片外以上中药材均购自四川新荷花中药饮片股份有限公司,每批药材采购量为1kg。
试剂:
主要设备及耗材:
实施例1复方9味提取物制备
分别按以下剂量称取中药饮片:土茯苓30g、生地黄30g、黄芩15g、赤芍15g、丹皮15g、当归15g、防风15g、荆芥15g、徐长卿15g,将上述中药饮片置于10L圆底烧瓶,加入饮片总质量10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡30min后,采用加热套100℃加热回流提取1h,趁热过滤,收集滤液,药渣再次加入10倍量的蒸馏水,提取方法如上,合并2次滤液,减压浓缩获得复方9味浓缩液165ml,浓缩液低温冷冻干燥,获得复方9味中药组合物(FF-9)干浸膏27.7g。
实施例2:复方9味提取物与每味单味药的主成分含量测定
分别按以下剂量单独称取中药饮片:土茯苓(TFL)30g、生地黄(SD)30g、黄芩(HQ)15g、赤芍(CS)15g、丹皮(DP)15g、当归(DG)15g、防风(FF)15g、荆芥(JJ)15g、徐长卿(XCQ)15g,将上述每味中药饮片单独置于1L圆底烧瓶中,加入饮片总质量10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡30min后,采用加热套100度加热回流提取1h,趁热过滤,收集滤液,药渣再次加入10倍量的蒸馏水,提取方法如上,合并2次滤液,减压浓缩分别获得TFL、 SD、HQ、CS、DP、DG、FF、JJ、XCQ单味药材的水提浓缩液(1g生药量/ml),-80度低温冷冻保存。
精密移取TFL、SD、HQ、CS、DP、DG、FF、JJ、XCQ单味药材的水提浓缩液各500μl 于2ml容量瓶,加入蒸馏水定容至2ml,充分混匀后取适量溶液采用微孔滤膜过滤收集滤液,得到9味中药的水提液样品,编号TFL、SD、HQ、CS、DP、DG、FF、JJ、XCQ待用。
精密称定FF-9固体9.96mg于2ml容量瓶,加入蒸馏水定容至2ml,待固体完全溶解后取适量溶液采用微孔滤膜过滤收集滤液待用。
采用如下HPLC色谱条件,可对FF-9中17个特征化学成分进行快速识别,同时提供22-27min的指纹区,具体情况如图1所示。该HPLC分析方法可快速高效的对FF-9的质量进行控制,具有识别度高、操作简单、针对性强等优势。根据HPLC图谱结合化合物的出峰保留时间以及UV特征图,分析比较了FF-9中17个特征峰来源,具体分析结果如图1、图2 所示。通过比较发现,HQ、TFL、CS三味药是16个指标化学成分的重要来源,其中指标性成分1主要由CS药材贡献,DP中也含有一定量的化合物1,化合物4、7、10-17来源于中药HQ,化合物5、6、8、9来源于中药TFL。基于上述实验结果可认为,TFL、HQ、CS 是FF-9水提物中特征化合物的中药来源,因此FF-9组方可进一步精简优化为TFL、HQ、CS 三味药材的组合。
指标性成分1经与标准品没食子酸(购于上海士锋生物科技有限公司)比对,保留时间和UV吸收特征一致,证实其化学结构为没食子酸。化合物6经LC-MS分析,结合文献判断为落新妇苷,根据化合物5、8、9的保留时间和UV吸收特征,以及文献已报道的土茯苓中黄酮类化合物结构,5、8、9结构分别确定为新落新妇苷(5)、新异落新妇苷(8)、异落新妇苷(9),均为黄酮苷类化合物。化合物4、7、11、12、14、15经UV特征图谱分析比对并结合LC-MS结果(见图2),与汉黄芩苷标准品比对(标准品自制,经ESI-MS测定分子量459.2,分子式C22H20O11,采用1H、13C-NMR进一步确定其结构为汉黄芩苷),上述化合物均为黄酮糖苷类结构,其中化合物15即为汉黄芩苷。
精密称定FF-9干浸膏24.12mg,至于2ml容量瓶中,加入蒸馏水充分溶解后定容至刻度,取少量样品采用微孔滤膜过滤后至于液相小瓶中待用;精密称定没食子酸标准品0.98mg,至于2ml容量瓶中,加入蒸馏水充分溶解后定容至刻度,取少量样品采用微孔滤膜过滤后至于液相小瓶中待用;精密称定汉黄芩苷标准品0.48mg(自制,纯度>98%),至于2ml容量瓶中,加入蒸馏水充分溶解后定容至刻度,取少量样品采用微孔滤膜过滤后至于液相小瓶中待用。
HPLC含量测定显示,FF-9提取物中没食子酸含量为0.13%;以汉黄芩苷标准品为参考测定FF-9提取物中总黄酮苷类化合物含量为2.77%。
色谱条件
仪器:Agilent LC20A
色谱柱:C18 column(5μm,2.0×250mm,Shimadzu,Kyoto,Japan)
柱温:40℃
样品浓度:3mg/ml
进样量:3μL
检测波长:200nm-800nm
流动相比例和流速:A相0.1%甲酸水溶液,B相乙腈,梯度见表1。
表1流动相梯度
质谱条件
仪器:Sciex Triple TOF 5600LC/MS
检测模式:APCI离子源Negative/Positive ion mode
质谱参数:见表2。
表2 Mass parameters of Sciex Triple TOF
实施例3:复方3味中药组合物制备及主成分含量测定
分别按以下剂量称取中药饮片:土茯苓(TFL)15g、黄芩(HQ)7.5g、赤芍(CS)7.5g,将上述中药饮片配伍后置于1L圆底烧瓶中,加入饮片总质量10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡30min后,采用加热套100度加热回流提取1h,趁热过滤,收集滤液,药渣再次加入10倍量的蒸馏水,提取方法如上,合并2次滤液,减压浓缩获得TFL、HQ、CS三味药材的水提浓缩液 (1g生药量/ml),-80度低温冷冻保存(FF-3)。
精密移取FF-3水提浓缩液500μl于2ml容量瓶,加入蒸馏水定容至2ml,充分混匀后取适量溶液采用微孔滤膜过滤收集滤液,转入1.5ml液相分析瓶中待用。采用实施例1液相分析方法对FF-3的化学成分进行分析,同时与FF-9进行比较。结果显示,FF-3与FF-9水提物中特征化学成分相似度接近90%,FF-3样品可快速检测到FF-9中共有的15个特征化合物(见图3)。此外,根据HPLC-DAD的UV特征图谱、保留时间、LC-MS分析结果,并结合上述中药已报到的质量分析文献,可确定FF-3中30-40min指纹区主要包括新落新妇苷、落新妇苷、新异落新妇苷、异落新妇苷4种二氢黄酮类成分,40min以后为中药HQ所贡献的黄酮糖苷类化合物。
FF-3提取物浓缩液冷冻干燥后精密称定其干浸膏24.40mg,至于2ml容量瓶中,加入蒸馏水充分溶解后定容至刻度,取少量样品采用微孔滤膜过滤后至于液相小瓶中待用;没食子酸标准品和汉黄芩苷标准品配制方法见实施例2。
通过HPLC含量测定显示,FF-3提取物中没食子酸含量为0.37%;以汉黄芩苷标准品为参考测定FF-9提取物中黄酮糖苷类化合物含量为8.72%。
实施例4:复方3味中药提取物原料制备及中药组合物软膏制备
(1)中药土茯苓(TFL)提取物制备
称取土茯苓(TFL)饮片40g置于1L圆底烧瓶中,加入饮片总质量10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡30min后,采用加热套100度加热回流提取1h,趁热过滤,收集滤液,药渣再次加入10倍量的蒸馏水,提取方法如上,合并2次滤液,减压浓缩获得TFL水提浓缩液100ml。采用D101大孔树脂(500g)对TFL中所含特征性化合物部位进行富集。首先用蒸馏水平衡树脂柱,后将100ml TFL浓缩液置于树脂顶端,打开层析柱开关,待100ml浓缩液完全流入树脂后静置1h,使其与树脂充分吸附,然后分别采用以下浓度的乙醇-水进行梯度洗脱:0%、 20%、60%、95%,洗脱溶剂按上述五个梯度进行收集,HPLC检测TFL中特征化合物。分析结果显示,60%乙醇洗脱部位可高效富集TFL中特征化学成分,因此将60%乙醇洗脱组分合并浓缩,冷冻干燥获得TFL特征化合物富集部位1.62g(TFL-60),得膏率4.05%(占饮片重量)。该提取物采用盐酸-镁粉反应,呈阳性,可进一步判断其主成分为黄酮类化合物,结合出峰时间,判断为黄酮苷类化合物。
(2)中药赤芍(CS)提取物制备:
称取赤芍(CS)饮片40g置于1L圆底烧瓶中,加入饮片总质量10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡30min后,采用加热套100度加热回流提取1h,趁热过滤,收集滤液,药渣再次加入10倍量的蒸馏水,提取方法如上,合并2次滤液,减压浓缩获得CS水提浓缩液100ml。将100ml CS水提浓缩液置于500ml分液漏斗中,加入等体积的正丁醇,充分振荡萃取,收集正丁醇层溶剂,重复上述操作5次,合并正丁醇萃取液,减压浓缩获得CS正丁醇萃取部位(CS-BU),余下水层样品留样待测(CS-H2O)。CS正丁醇萃取部位冷冻干燥最终获得CS特征化合物组分4.61g(CS-BU),得膏率11.53%(占饮片重量)。
精密称定CS-BU固体26.13mg,至于2ml容量瓶中,加入蒸馏水充分溶解后定容至刻度,取少量样品采用微孔滤膜过滤后至于液相小瓶中待用;没食子酸标准品配制方法见实施例2。 HPLC含量测定显示,CS-BU提取物中没食子酸含量为1.30%。
采用实施例2液相分析方法对CS-BU、CS-H2O中化学成分进行分析。结果显示,溶剂萃取法可高效快速获得CS水提物中特征性化合物1,同时获得22-30min的特征指纹区化合物。
(3)中药黄芩(HQ)提取物制备:
称取黄芩(HQ)饮片40g置于1L圆底烧瓶中,加入饮片总质量10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡30min后,采用加热套100度加热回流提取1h,趁热过滤,收集滤液,药渣再次加入10倍量的蒸馏水,提取方法如上,合并2次滤液,减压浓缩获得HQ水提浓缩液100ml。将100ml HQ水提浓缩液置于500ml分液漏斗中,加入等体积的正丁醇,充分振荡萃取,收集正丁醇层溶剂,重复上述操作5次,合并正丁醇萃取液,减压浓缩获得HQ正丁醇萃取部位(HQ-BU),余下水层样品留样待测(HQ-H2O)。HQ正丁醇萃取部位冷冻干燥最终获得HQ特征化合物组分3.84g(HQ-BU),得膏率9.6%(占饮片重量)。精密称定HQ-BU固体3.24mg,至于 2ml容量瓶中,加入蒸馏水充分溶解后定容至刻度,取少量样品采用微孔滤膜过滤后至于液相小瓶中待用;汉黄芩苷标准品配制方法见实施例2。以汉黄芩苷标准品为参考测定HQ-BU 提取物中总黄酮糖苷类化合物含量为28.26%。
采用实施例2液相分析方法对HQ-BU中化学成分进行分析。结果显示,溶剂萃取法可高效快速获得HQ中黄酮苷类化合物11、12、14、15。
称取聚乙二醇-3350 5g、聚乙二醇-400 4g、硬脂酸5g、液体石蜡6g、羊毛脂1.5g置于 100ml烧杯中,加热熔化得油相;称取土茯苓提取物TFL-60 40mg,黄芩提取物HQ-BU60mg,赤芍提取物CS-BU 80mg,合计180mg,该混合物中没食子酸含量达0.5%以上,总黄酮苷类化合物含量达9%以上;上述提取物混合物与甘油6g、蒸馏水24ml及少量碱共同置于100ml 烧杯中,加热充分溶解,获得水相;然后水相中适量加入尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的一种或多种组合防腐;趁热将水相和油相充分混合,同时加入0.5%冰片细粉,不断搅拌至冷却到室温,灌装封管,即可获得复方3味中药提取物的组合物软膏剂型(3-FF-T)。
实施例5:复方9味、复方3味组合物以及单味中药提取物外用软膏制备
(1)复方9味提取液外用软膏制备:
称取聚乙二醇-3350 5g、聚乙二醇-400 4g、硬脂酸5g、液体石蜡6g、羊毛脂1.5g置于 100ml烧杯中,加热熔化得油相;另称取甘油6g、FF-9冻干粉0.5g、蒸馏水24ml及少量碱置于100ml烧杯中,加热充分溶解得到水相,水相中可适量加入尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的一种或多种组合防腐;趁热将水相和油相充分混合,同时加入0.5%冰片细粉,不断搅拌至冷却到室温,灌装封管,即可获得复方9味软膏剂型(9-FF)。
(2)复方3味提取液外用软膏制备:
分别称取土茯苓30g、黄芩15g、赤芍15g三味药材,置于1L圆底烧瓶中,加入饮片总质量10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡30min后,采用加热套100度加热回流提取1h,趁热过滤,收集滤液,药渣再次加入10倍量的蒸馏水,提取方法如上,合并2次滤液,减压浓缩获得复方3味(FF-3)水提浓缩液100ml,冷冻干燥处理后获得22.9g固体(FF-3)。称取聚乙二醇 -33505g、聚乙二醇-400 4g、硬脂酸5g、液体石蜡6g、羊毛脂1.5g置于100ml烧杯中,加热熔化得油相;因优化工艺后的FF-3总饮片质量约占FF-9的30%,故称取FF-3冻干粉0.17g、甘油6g、蒸馏水24ml及少量碱置于100ml烧杯中,加热充分溶解得到水相,水相中可适量加入尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的一种或多种组合防腐;趁热将水相和油相充分混合,同时加入0.5%冰片细粉,不断搅拌至冷却到室温,灌装封管,即可获得复方3味软膏剂型(3-FF)。
(3)土茯苓提取物外用软膏制备
称取聚乙二醇-3350 5g、聚乙二醇-400 4g、硬脂酸5g、液体石蜡6g、羊毛脂1.5g置于 100ml烧杯中,加热熔化得油相;因TFL占FF-9饮片总质量的18%左右,故称取实施例5中TFL-60冻干粉0.09g、甘油6g、蒸馏水24ml及少量碱置于100ml烧杯中,加热充分溶解得到水相,水相中可适量加入尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的一种或多种组合防腐;趁热将水相和油相充分混合,同时加入0.5%冰片细粉,不断搅拌至冷却到室温,灌装封管,即可获得TFL特征化合物部位外用软膏(TFL-T)。
(4)黄芩提取物外用软膏制备
称取聚乙二醇-3350 5g、聚乙二醇-400 4g、硬脂酸5g、液体石蜡6g、羊毛脂1.5g置于 100ml烧杯中,加热熔化得油相;因HQ占FF-9饮片总质量的9%左右,故称取实施例5中HQ-BU冻干粉0.045g、甘油6g、蒸馏水24ml及少量碱加热充分溶解得到水相,水相中可适量加入尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的一种或多种组合防腐;趁热将水相和油相充分混合,同时加入0.5%冰片细粉,不断搅拌至冷却到室温,灌装封管,即可获得HQ特征化合物部位外用软膏(HQ-T)。
(5)赤芍提取物外用软膏制备
称取聚乙二醇-3350 5g、聚乙二醇-400 4g、硬脂酸5g、液体石蜡6g、羊毛脂1.5g置于 100ml烧杯中,加热熔化得油相;因CS占FF-9饮片总质量的9%左右,故称取实施例5中CS-BU冻干粉0.045g、甘油6g、蒸馏水24ml及少量碱加热充分溶解得到水相,水相中可适量加入尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的一种或多种组合防腐;趁热将水相和油相充分混合,同时加入0.5%冰片细粉,不断搅拌至冷却到室温,灌装封管,即可获得CS特征化合物部位外用软膏(CS-M)。
实施例6:复方9味(9-FF)、复方3味(3-FF)中药组合物以及单味中药提取物外用软膏的止痒、抗炎动物活性评价
(1)实验方法:
C57BL/6小鼠随机分为空白对照组:Control,模型组:Histamine,乳膏基质组:Vehicle,复方地塞米松组:Dexamethasone,9味复方乳膏组:9-FF(41.67mg/kg),3味复方乳膏组:3-FF(14.17mg/kg),土茯苓提取物乳膏组:TFL-T(7.5mg/kg),黄芩提取物乳膏组:HQ-T (3.75mg/kg),赤芍提取物乳膏组:CS-M(3.75mg/kg),每组8只。给药组软膏药物分别涂抹于小鼠后颈部皮肤,30min后,除Control组,其他所有小鼠右肩皮内注射组胺500μg (50μL),注射后立刻录像记录注射组胺后30min内的搔抓次数,以小鼠抬起后爪抓挠注射部位1次或多次至后爪落地或缩爪停顿计为一次抓挠。录像结束取小鼠眼球血及注射组胺处皮肤组织,检测皮肤组织中IFN-γ、IL-1β和胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)的mRNA表达水平,以及血清中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-4的含量。
(2)实验结果:
ANOVA,数据以Mean±SEM表示,*表示各给药组与模型组之间的统计显著性,*p<0.05, **p<0.01,***p<0.001,****p<0.0001,#表示模型组与空白对照组之间统计差异性,#p< 0.05,##p<0.01,###p<0.001,####p<0.0001。
与Control组相比,Histamine组小鼠瘙痒次数明显增多(P<0.0001),表明造模成功。9-FF、 3-FF、TFL-T、HQ-T、CS-M,以上各组与Histamine组相比瘙痒次数明显降低(P<0.0001); Vehicle组与Histamine组相比瘙痒次数略微降低(P<0.01),和其他给药组相比与Histamine 组差异小。CS-M组小鼠的瘙痒改善效果更为明显。行为学统计结果显示,复方9味、复方3 味、以及单味药提取物制得的软膏均具有显著的止痒效果,而其中赤芍提取物止痒效果更为明显。详见图4所示。
与Control组相比,Histamine组皮肤组织中IL-1β、IFN-γ、TSLP的mRNA含量明显增多(P<0.001),Vehicle组与Histamine组相比基本无变化,给药组小鼠皮肤组织中IL-1β、IFN-γ、 TSLP的mRNA含量均有不同程度的降低。统计结果显示,9-FF和3-FF组均能显著降低小鼠受损皮肤组织中IL-1β、IFN-γ、TSLP的mRNA含量,从而发挥抗炎功效;软膏基质组则未能显著降低小鼠受损皮肤组织中IL-1β、IFN-γ、TSLP的mRNA含量,因此可以证实复方中药组合物具有显著的抗炎作用;根据9-FF和3-FF治疗组间IL-1β、IFN-γ、TSLP的mRNA 含量的变化可以观察到,3-FF组合物是本复方发挥抗炎作用的关键性组合物,增加生地黄、丹皮、当归、防风、荆芥、徐长卿6味药材的9-FF组合物,在降低小鼠受损皮肤组织中IL-1β、IFN-γ、TSLP的mRNA含量方面未见显著增强。(见图5)
表3.各组小鼠血清中相关指标的测定结果
组别 | TNF-α(pg/mL) | IL-6(pg/mL) | IL-4(pg/mL) |
Control | 47.35±3.640 | 63.94±8.463 | 59.55±6.220 |
Histamine | 89.99±5.013<sup>##</sup> | 119.5±13.17<sup>##</sup> | 24.70±3.398<sup>##</sup> |
Vehicle | 71.05±8.682 | 105.5±8.153 | 30.38±4.806 |
Dexamethasone | 45.46±3.729<sup>*</sup> | 50.98±18.77<sup>*</sup> | 58.10±4.686<sup>**</sup> |
9-FF | 64.21±12.14 | 75.09±8.165 | 42.71±4.554<sup>*</sup> |
3-FF | 57.49±8.707 | 59.36±12.69<sup>*</sup> | 52.95±1.300<sup>**</sup> |
TFL-T | 69.68±14.52 | 88.50±4.955 | 41.48±3.921<sup>*</sup> |
HQ-T | 65.99±3.815 | 105.3±4.039 | 53.02±6.795<sup>*</sup> |
CS-M | 52.85±3.100<sup>*</sup> | 93.94±2.172 | 44.70±6.895 |
注:与Control组相比,Histamine组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-6含量明显增多(P<0.01),IL-4 含量明显减少(P<0.01)。Vehicle组与Histamine组相比基本无变化,阳性药Dexamethasone 组及CS-H组小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-6含量均有不同程度的降低,IL-4含量均有不同程度的降低。
实施例7复方拆方止痒实验研究
1、实验分组设计:通过内服中成药(芩珠凉血合剂,岳阳医院制剂室提供)联合复方外用擦洗患处,观察复方9味、复方6味、复方3味的止痒疗效,同时单独设定只服用中成药组(芩珠凉血合剂),每组纳入患者15名(n=15),连续治疗14天,设定第7天和第14天两个观察截点。
2、观察指标:瘙痒频率、每天出现瘙痒时长、一次抓瘙持续时间、夜间痒醒次数(次/周)、搔抓次数(次/天)、瘙痒面积、皮肤抓痕、皮损面积、精神状态、睡眠情况、止痒持续时间、皮损恢复时间,同时针对瘙痒程度和治疗效果进行评分,综合评判复方9味、复方6味、复方3味以及中成药的止痒效果。
3、实验方法:
3.1芩珠凉血合剂(中成药):称定磁石30g、珍珠母25g、生牡蛎30g、紫草9g、防风9g、徐长卿9g、薏苡仁10g、黄芩15g和生甘草6g,将上述中药饮片混合后加入500ml水,煎煮2次,每次30min,合并两次水煎液过滤收集滤液,减压浓缩至10g/ml 药液(生药量计算),加入乙醇调含醇量至70%,静置24h后,上清液减压浓缩至适量体积后加入蒸馏水配制成200ml/瓶合剂,使每毫升含生药量2.1g。每次30ml,早晚两次,餐前服用。(制备方法参考文献:李福伦,中西医结合学报,2008,6(6): 586-590.)
3.2复方9味组:成人体重按照60kg计算,土茯苓(TFL)30g、生地黄(SD)30g、黄芩(HQ)15g、赤芍(CS)15g、丹皮(DP)15g、当归(DG)15g、防风(FF) 15g、荆芥(JJ)15g、徐长卿(XCQ)15g,该处方一天一副,外用擦洗患处,每天早、中、晚三次,共计14副;代煎后获得14剂复方9味代煎液,每天1剂。同时口服中成药,一日2次,每次30ml,饭后温服。
3.3复方6味组:成人体重按照60kg计算,生地黄(SD)30g、丹皮(DP)15g、当归(DG)15g、防风(FF)15g、荆芥(JJ)15g、徐长卿(XCQ)15g,该处方一天一副,外用擦洗患处,每天早、中、晚三次,共计14副;代煎后获得14剂复方6味代煎液,每天1剂。同时口服中成药,一日2次,每次30ml,饭后温服。
3.4复方3味组:成人体重按照60kg计算,土茯苓(TFL)30g、黄芩(HQ)15g、赤芍(CS)15g,该处方一天一副,外用擦洗患处,每天早、中、晚三次,共计14 副;代煎后获得14剂复方3味代煎液,每天1剂。同时口服中成药,一日2次,每次30ml,饭后温服。
4、结论:
复方3味、复方9味外洗联合内服中成药,可显著改善皮肤瘙痒患者的症状,优于复方6味联合内服中成药的效果,同时优于单独内服中成药的治疗效果。具体研究结果见表4-11。
表4复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
表5复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
表6复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
表7复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
表8复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
表9复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
表10复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
表11复方药味数量对患者瘙痒情况的影响(n=15)
本发明所涉及的多个方面已做如上阐述。然而,应理解的是,在不偏离本发明精神之前提下,本领域专业人员可对其进行等同改变和修饰,所述改变和修饰同样落入本发明专利申请之权利要求的覆盖范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种外用防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药组合物,其特征在于,它由下述重量配比的原料药制成:土茯苓2份、生地黄2份、黄芩1份、赤芍1份、丹皮1份、当归1份、防风1份、荆芥1份、徐长卿1份。
2.一种外用防治皮肤瘙痒症的中药组合物,其特征在于,它由以下重量份成分制成:土茯苓提取物2份、黄芩提取物3份、赤芍提取物4份;
所述土茯苓提取物由如下方法制得:取土茯苓饮片,加水煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并滤液,采用D101型大孔树脂,水洗脱至无色,再用20%乙醇洗脱至无色,随后采用60%乙醇洗脱,收集60%乙醇洗脱液,滤液浓缩至稠膏后,冷冻干燥,即可获得土茯苓提取物;
所述黄芩提取物由如下方法制得:取黄芩饮片,加水煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并滤液,浓缩至适量后加入等体积的正丁醇萃取,收集正丁醇层溶剂,减压浓缩至稠膏后,冷冻干燥,即可获得黄芩提取物;
所述赤芍提取物由如下方法制得:取赤芍饮片,加水煎煮二次,每次1小时,合并滤液,浓缩至适量后加入等体积的正丁醇萃取,收集正丁醇层溶剂,减压浓缩至稠膏后,冷冻干燥,即可获得赤芍提取物。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物含有0.10-1.50%wt没食子酸和2-30%wt的总黄酮。
4.如权利要求3所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的总黄酮包括以下7种化学成分:落新妇苷、新落新妇苷、异落新妇苷、新异落新妇苷、汉黄芩苷、去甲汉黄芩苷和千层纸素A苷。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物在制备防治皮肤瘙痒症的药物中的应用。
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