CN113056427A - 防回退可重新密封粘合剂 - Google Patents

防回退可重新密封粘合剂 Download PDF

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CN113056427A
CN113056427A CN202080006138.6A CN202080006138A CN113056427A CN 113056427 A CN113056427 A CN 113056427A CN 202080006138 A CN202080006138 A CN 202080006138A CN 113056427 A CN113056427 A CN 113056427A
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resealable
threaded
adhesive
article
torque
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W·富
A·克里格尔
C·沃尔珀特
N·布尔
M·埃明格
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Abstract

本发明描述了粘合剂组合物，该粘合剂组合物代替用于用手力可拆的包装的密封应用中的垫圈和衬垫。该粘合剂组合物特别可用于防止其包装的内容物在储存和运输过程中的泄漏和溢出。

Description

防回退可重新密封粘合剂
技术领域
本发明涉及粘合剂组合物，该粘合剂组合物代替用手力可拆的密封容器封闭件中的垫圈和衬垫。本发明的粘合剂组合物特别可用于防止容器封闭件的回退(back-off)扭矩，并且因此防止容器内容物在储存和运输期间的泄漏和溢出。
背景技术
螺纹锁固粘合剂(threadlocking adhesive)通常用以防止回退扭矩，以及用以将可接合的结构紧固件粘合地结合并互锁到最终状态。这样的螺纹锁固粘合剂具有很强的粘合力，它们不能用手力分离。也可以使用低力螺纹锁固粘合剂，但是一旦粘合损坏，粘合剂将不再具有任何内聚力并且不再互锁。
随着电子商务的兴起，为消费者运送液体和凝胶商品也在日益上升。容纳液体和/或凝胶商品的容器和包装必须是防漏的并提供所述商品的安全运送。
对容器进行密封以防止其内容物在储存和运输期间的损失。将施加扭矩(application torque)施加至容器的封闭件以密封内容物；然而，随着时间的流逝和处理，会损失一些扭矩，这种现象被称为回退。为了补偿这种回退扭矩，可以施加较高的初始施加扭矩，这可能会导致容器受损、设备磨损或阻止消费者仅靠手力打开容器。经常将额外的垫圈、感应密封衬垫、内部密封件、阀密封件或衬垫应用于容器以防止泄漏；或向容器添加辅助的塑料衬垫或泡沫袋衬垫，这会增加商品的成本、复杂性和碳足迹。此外，这些额外的密封件给包装过程增加了更多步骤，这需要对生产线进行几次重新装配机器设备(retooling)(以及几次往返生产线的装运)，进而进一步增加了碳足迹。
持续需要一种更具可持续性的解决方案，该解决方案最大程度地减少碳足迹、成本和复杂性，同时在运输期间以及甚至在打开容器后仍保持对容器和包装的密封性。本发明解决了本领域中的这种需要。
发明内容
本发明为容器和包装中的带、垫圈、衬垫或感应密封件提供了替代物，或提供了除容器和包装中的带、垫圈、衬垫或感应密封件之外的替代物。
本发明的一个方面涉及一种包括第一螺纹构件的制品，该螺纹构件的螺纹部分地涂布有可重新密封粘合剂(resealable adhesive)。该可重新密封粘合剂是水基粘合剂。
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种制品，该制品包括上述的第一螺纹构件和另外的与该第一螺纹构件配合地接合的第二螺纹构件，由此将可重新密封粘合剂涂布在所述第一螺纹构件和所述第二螺纹构件之间。可重新密封粘合剂是水基粘合剂，其特征在于具有(1)根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩(removal torque)；和(2)根据ASTMD2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩(resealability torque)。
在另一个方面中，本发明提供了一种制品，其包括具有圆周(circumference)或周边(perimeter)尺寸和高度尺寸的非螺纹封闭构件。该封闭构件至少部分地涂布有包含水基粘合剂的可重新密封粘合剂。
在还有一个方面中，本发明提供了一种制品，该制品包括上述非螺纹封闭构件和与该第一非螺纹构件配合地接合的第二非螺纹构件，由此将可重新密封粘合剂涂布在所述第一非螺纹构件和第二非螺纹构件之间。可重新密封粘合剂是水基粘合剂，其特征在于具有(1)根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩；和(2)根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩。
本发明的又一个方面提供了一种密封螺纹构件的方法，该方法包括：
(a)提供第一螺纹构件；
(b)提供能够与所述第一螺纹构件配合地接合的第二螺纹构件；
其中所述第一螺纹构件和第二螺纹构件中的至少一个至少部分地涂布有可重新密封涂料组合物；和
(c)将所述第一螺纹构件和第二螺纹构件配合地接合。
可重新密封涂料组合物基本上填充了第一螺纹构件和第二螺纹构件之间的配合接合空间。可重新密封涂料组合物是水基粘合剂，其特征在于具有(1)根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩；和(2)根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩。
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种密封非螺纹构件的方法，该方法包括：
(a)提供具有圆周或周边尺寸和高度尺寸的第一非螺纹构件；
(b)提供能够与所述第一非螺纹构件配合地接合的第二非螺纹构件；
其中所述第一非螺纹构件和第二非螺纹构件中的至少一个至少部分地涂布有可重新密封涂料组合物；和
(c)将所述第一非螺纹构件和第二非螺纹构件配合地接合。
可重新密封涂料组合物基本上填充了第一非螺纹构件和第二非螺纹构件之间的配合接合空间。可重新密封涂料组合物是水基粘合剂，其特征在于具有(1)根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩；和(2)根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩。
附图说明
图1是螺纹帽和衬有可重新密封粘合剂的螺纹颈的图。
图2是非螺纹帽和衬有可重新密封粘合剂的非螺纹颈的图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了容器的衬有可重新密封粘合剂的封闭件，其没有设计成密封(sealoff)开口并防止其内容物损失的另外的装置。衬有可重新密封粘合剂的封闭件没有通常由金属、塑料、泡沫、纸和/或箔制成的垫圈、感应密封衬垫、内部密封件、阀密封件或衬垫。衬有可重新密封粘合剂的封闭件对于螺纹封闭件和非螺纹封闭件都是可用的。
术语“施加扭矩”是将封闭件拧到容器上所需的以英寸-磅为单位量度的扭矩力。
术语“回退”表示在施加封闭件之后向前推力的松弛或扭矩的损失。这可能会受到顶部载荷、封闭衬垫的可压缩性和弹性、施加扭矩的强度(consistency)以及封闭件和瓶的机械相互作用的影响。
术语“移除扭矩”是在以特定的施加扭矩封闭之后第一次从容器上松开、打开、旋开或取下封闭件所需的力的量。
术语“重新施加扭矩”是重新施加以封闭容器的扭矩的量。
术语“可重新密封扭矩”是在将重新施加扭矩施加到封闭件之后重新松开、重新打开、重新旋开或取下封闭件所需的力的量，其量度了后续打开扭矩。
可互换使用的术语“容器”和“包装”是一种容纳内容物(包括液体、凝胶和固体)的介质。
本发明涉及粘合地固定可配合地接合的螺纹构件及其互补的螺纹构件，从而使得封闭构件粘合地结合并保持根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩。此外，可重新密封粘合剂提供可重新密封性并在后续打开时保持根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的扭矩。
本发明还涉及以与上述相同的移除扭矩和可重新密封性值粘合地固定可配合地接合的非螺纹构件及其互补的非螺纹构件。
一旦将施加扭矩施加到构件上，添加的可重新密封粘合剂就锁定并密封构件。这种可重新密封粘合剂显著增加了使容器的接合的螺纹构件和非螺纹构件破裂或转动所需的扭矩，并且无需额外的衬垫即可为容器提供防泄漏性和防溢出性。约4至约20in-lb的典型扭矩值使得可以手动移除连接的构件。大于约20in-lb的值将需要额外的工具来分开这些构件。小于约2in-lb的值可能会使密封破裂并导致内容物泄漏。
本发明的可重新密封粘合剂具有大的填充间隙的能力，不杂乱(non-messy)，不滴落，可被施用到容器表面，并可在使用前储存。
该可重新密封粘合剂是水基粘合剂。通常，水基粘合剂包括基于水的聚合物或乳液聚合物。乳液聚合物可以以任何量存在于粘合剂组合物中，并且想要地，在组合物固化之前以粘合剂组合物的约50重量％至约99.5重量％的量存在。取决于乳液聚合物，基于乳液聚合物，固体含量在约50重量％至约90重量％之间变化。乳液聚合物组分可包括任何想要的聚合物组分，包括乙酸乙烯酯乙烯分散体、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙酸乙烯酯聚乙烯醇、糊精稳定的聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯乙烯共聚物、乙烯基丙烯酸类(acrylic)、苯乙烯丙烯酸类、丙烯酸类、苯乙烯丁基橡胶、聚氨酯、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸类(polyacrylic)及它们的混合物。特别优选的乳液聚合物组分是聚丙烯酸类、乙酸乙烯酯乙烯分散体、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯和聚乙酸乙烯酯。
应当理解，水基粘合剂还可以包含通常在已知的水基粘合剂中存在的其它相容组分、添加剂和/或成分，例如：本领域中的增粘剂；湿润剂；防腐剂，例如抗氧化剂、抗微生物剂；填料；颜料；染料；稳定剂；流变改性剂；微球；聚乙烯醇；乳化剂；防腐剂；颜料；防蚀剂；水腐蚀抑制剂(water corrosion inhibiting agent)；填料；润滑剂(例如油脂、油和蜡)；消泡剂；和/或偶联剂。可以在组合物固化之前以粘合剂组合物的约0.05重量％至约50重量％的量包含这些组分。
示例性水基粘合剂包括压敏粘合剂、基于乙烯乙酸乙烯酯的粘合剂和基于聚丙烯酸类的粘合剂。
不管具体配方如何，将水基粘合剂配方与本领域中已知的方法结合。想要地使水基粘合剂形成为与足够的粘度和抗流挂性一致的糊状，以使得可以将该粘合剂容易地施用到可配合构件的螺纹和非螺纹上，而在配合并锁定其互补构件之前无粘合剂的后续滴落、流挂或移位。
在一个实施方案中，可以将可重新密封粘合剂施用到封闭构件之一的表面上。取决于组合物的具体最终用途应用中所需或存在的厚度、流动特性和粘度特性，可以以任何合适的方式——例如通过挤出、喷射、浸渍、辊涂、接触涂布或以任何其它合适的方式——施用可重新密封粘合剂。将可重新密封粘合剂以设定的量(以指定区域中的涂布重量)预施用在待与互补的配合构件接合的构件的表面区域上；然后取决于可重新密封粘合剂的类型，可以将这种经预施用的介质以任何合适的方式——例如通过环境(室温)或通过对于干燥经水基粘合剂涂布的材料而言有效的高温(elevated temperature)干燥条件——干燥。随着水的蒸发和固化，然后将粘合剂干燥并固化至比所施用的厚度低的厚度。
在另一个实施方案中，可以将设定量的可重新密封粘合剂预施用到待与互补的配合构件接合的构件的表面区域上，并且在所述粘合剂干燥和固化之前，接合第二构件。然后将经接合的构件中的粘合剂以任何合适的方式——例如，通过环境(室温)或通过对于干燥经水基粘合剂涂布的材料而言有效的高温干燥条件——干燥和固化。
可重新密封粘合剂在封闭构件处的均匀厚度是想要的；然而，不均匀的厚度在施加力下会变得更加均匀，在这种情况下将两个构件配合会将可重新密封粘合剂挤压在一起以形成想要的密封。
如图1所示，可重新密封粘合剂(4)被施用到螺纹颈的区域(3)上。颈部构件配合地接合到帽(1)的螺纹(2)上。
而且如图2所示，可重新密封粘合剂(30)被施用到颈部(20)上。颈部配合地装到帽(10)上。
一旦施用到构件中的一个，可重新密封粘合剂就留在螺纹构件或非螺纹构件的表面上，直到与其互补构件配合。在使用中，使其上具有预施用的可重新密封粘合剂的构件与互补构件的配合表面接触，其中所述互补构件最佳地可具有之前施用至其互补构件的表面的可重新密封粘合剂，以促进经接合的构件的固定。以这种方式，将压差施加到可配合地接合的构件上。
令人惊奇地，移除扭矩与经接合的构件中的可重新密封粘合剂的厚度无关，其中涂布的范围为约0.001g/in2至约1g/in2，优选约0.02g/in2至约0.5g/in2。可重新密封粘合剂是自调节的，并且在干燥和固化时提供约4至约20in-lb的最佳移除扭矩范围，而且可重新密封扭矩在2至约15in-lb的范围内。可重新密封粘合剂还保留约40至100％的重新施加的扭矩，并且回退扭矩损失不明显。
在一些实施方案中，可重新密封粘合剂是透明的或乳白色的。在其它实施方案中，添加颜料以使可重新密封粘合剂的颜色着色或染色以匹配容器颜色。
在另一个实施方案中，本发明是一种通过以下步骤将螺纹构件或非螺纹构件粘合地结合的方法：
(a)提供第一螺纹或非螺纹构件；
(b)提供能够与所述第一构件配合地接合的第二螺纹或非螺纹构件；
其中所述第一构件和第二构件中的至少一个至少部分地涂布有可重新密封涂料组合物；和
(c)将所述第一螺纹构件和第二螺纹构件配合地接合。
可重新密封涂料组合物基本上填充了第一构件和第二构件之间的配合接合空间。可重新密封涂料组合物是水基粘合剂，其特征在于具有(1)根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩；和(2)根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩。
本发明可以代替袋、带、膜、条、垫圈、衬垫、绳和可以应用于容器封闭构件的各种其它形状的片使用，或者除了袋、带、膜、条、垫圈、衬垫、绳和可以应用于容器封闭构件的各种其它形状的片之外，还可以使用本发明。
可以实施本发明的容器封闭构件包括任何结构元件，例如，帽和封闭件、螺旋顶盖、按扣紧固元件、舌槽式紧固元件、钩环紧固元件、压配合元件、泵式分配器等，它们可与互补的配合结构粘合结合地接合。封闭构件和互补构件因此可以包括帽和封闭组件，它们以螺纹或非螺纹方式接合并且具有填充在配合接合的构件之间的间隙中的可重新密封粘合剂。
本发明可用作帽、盖和封闭件，并且可以形成为容器(瓶)颈、螺旋帽、防盗封闭件上的卷状物、安全封闭件、分配和定量封闭件、触发器喷雾封闭件(trigger sprayclosure)、安全封闭件、阀封闭件、管帽、防拆封闭件、运动帽、卡扣铰链帽、螺旋帽、推拉式封闭件、倾倒和滴管封闭件(pours and dropper closures)、儿童防护封闭件(childresistant closure)等。
上述帽和封闭件通常由聚丙烯、聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯和/或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制成。
实施例
所有扭矩值均根据ASTM D2063由型号为MTT 01-50的Mark 10测量。
实施例1
使用具有约66％的固体含量、900-1000cP的粘度和4.5的pH的样品基于聚丙烯酸类的压敏粘合剂作为可重新密封粘合剂。
将各种涂布重量(以克/平方英寸为单位)的样品粘合剂施用到第一螺纹构件上，然后干燥并固化。
将至少3个螺纹构件在室温(21-25℃)下调节24小时，并用手(施加力)将每个构件拧入其可配合的第二螺纹构件。然后测试配合的构件的移除扭矩，并记录在表1中。
一旦移除后，将每一个构件以指定的重新施加扭矩重新封闭，并测试可重新密封扭矩。可重新密封扭矩值和保留扭矩百分比也在表1中列出。
表1.
Figure BDA0003061857320000081
前三个样品的涂布重量使得可以获得在手可打开范围内的移除扭矩和可重新密封扭矩。上述实施例表明，当粘合剂是水基粘合剂时，移除扭矩值和可重新密封扭矩值在一定程度上与涂布重量无关。另外，可重新密封粘合剂保留大于约42％的扭矩。
实施例2
测试了各种涂布重量的热熔粘合剂[乙烯乙酸乙烯酯聚合物(30重量％)、增粘剂(60％)、蜡(8％)和添加剂(2％)]的相应扭矩值，结果示于表2中。
表2.
Figure BDA0003061857320000082
如上所证明的，热熔粘合剂的涂布重量直接影响移除扭矩。与水基粘合剂不同，以0.268g/in2的涂布重量施用热熔粘合剂将移除扭矩增加至在手可打开范围之外。
对于本领域技术人员而言明显的是，可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下对本发明进行许多修改和变型。本文描述的具体实施方案仅以示例的方式提供，并且本发明仅由所附权利要求的术语以及这些权利要求所赋予的等同方案的全部范围来限制。

Claims (17)

1.制品，其包括第一螺纹构件，
其中所述第一螺纹构件的螺纹至少部分地涂布有包含水基粘合剂的可重新密封粘合剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制品，其进一步包括与所述第一螺纹构件配合地接合的第二螺纹构件，由此将所述可重新密封粘合剂涂布在所述第一螺纹构件和第二螺纹构件之间；
其中所述可重新密封粘合剂的特征在于具有根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩；
其中所述螺纹构件具有根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制品，其中所述水基粘合剂包括压敏粘合剂、基于乙烯乙酸乙烯酯的粘合剂或基于聚丙烯酸类的粘合剂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制品，其中所述第一螺纹构件或第二螺纹构件独立地由聚丙烯、聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制品，其中所述第一螺纹构件是帽、盖或封闭件。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制品，其中所述第一螺纹构件是容器颈或瓶颈。
7.制品，其包括具有圆周或周边尺寸和高度尺寸的区域的非螺纹封闭构件，其中所述封闭构件的所述区域至少部分地涂布有包含水基粘合剂的可重新密封粘合剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制品，其进一步包括与所述第一非螺纹构件的区域配合地接合的第二非螺纹构件，由此将所述可重新密封粘合剂涂布在所述第一非螺纹构件和第二非螺纹构件之间；
其中所述可重新密封粘合剂的特征在于具有根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩；
其中所述螺纹构件具有根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制品，其中所述水基粘合剂包括压敏粘合剂、基于乙烯乙酸乙烯酯的粘合剂或基于聚丙烯酸类的粘合剂。
10.根据权利要求7所述的制品，其中所述第一非螺纹构件或第二非螺纹构件独立地由聚丙烯、聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制成。
11.根据权利要求7所述的制品，其中所述第一非螺纹构件是帽、盖或封闭件。
12.根据权利要求7所述的制品，其中所述第一非螺纹构件是容器颈或瓶颈。
13.密封构件的方法，其包括：
(a)提供第一构件；
(b)提供能够与所述第一构件配合地接合的第二构件；
其中所述第一构件和第二构件中的至少一个至少部分地涂布有可重新密封涂料组合物；
(c)将所述第一构件和第二构件配合地接合；
由此所述可重新密封涂料组合物基本上填充所述第一构件和第二构件之间的配合接合空间；
其中可重新密封粘合剂是水基粘合剂，其特征在于具有根据ASTM D2063测量的约4至约20in-lb的移除扭矩；
其中可重新密封粘合剂具有根据ASTM D2063测量的约2至约15in-lb的可重新密封扭矩。
14.根据权利要求13所述的密封构件的方法，其中所述第一构件或第二构件独立地由聚丙烯、聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制成。
15.根据权利要求13所述的密封构件的方法，其中所述第一构件和第二构件中的至少一个是帽、盖或封闭件。
16.根据权利要求13所述的密封构件的方法，其中所述第一构件和第二构件是螺纹构件。
17.根据权利要求13所述的密封构件的方法，其中所述第一构件和第二构件是非螺纹构件。
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US12006101B2 (en) 2024-06-11
EP3947189A1 (en) 2022-02-09
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BR112021006958A2 (pt) 2021-10-26
US20210403204A1 (en) 2021-12-30

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