CN113016321A - Rhizome crop excavating gear - Google Patents
Rhizome crop excavating gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN113016321A CN113016321A CN202110279669.9A CN202110279669A CN113016321A CN 113016321 A CN113016321 A CN 113016321A CN 202110279669 A CN202110279669 A CN 202110279669A CN 113016321 A CN113016321 A CN 113016321A
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- driving piece
- support
- overturning
- telescopic
- assembly
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
Abstract
The invention discloses a rhizome crop excavating device, which belongs to the technical field of harvesting and comprises a crawler tractor body and an excavating mechanism; the excavating mechanism comprises a rake tooth assembly, a penetrating and chiseling assembly and a turning assembly; the overturning assembly comprises a telescopic driving piece I and an overturning bracket, the overturning bracket is rotatably arranged on the side I of the crawler dragging vehicle body, and the two transverse ends of the overturning bracket are arranged along the front and back directions of the crawler dragging vehicle body; the drilling component comprises a telescopic driving piece II and a drilling bracket, and the drilling bracket is slidably arranged at the bottom end of the overturning bracket; the rake teeth assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the chisel support. The crawler-type excavating machine is characterized in that a rotatable overturning assembly is arranged on a crawler-type dragging vehicle body, a slidably telescopic penetrating and chiseling assembly is arranged on the overturning assembly, a rake tooth assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the penetrating and chiseling assembly, the rake tooth assembly is pushed by the penetrating and chiseling assembly to be inserted into a field, soil blocks are outwards turned by the rake tooth assembly under the driving action of the overturning assembly, and mechanized overturning excavation is realized on the side surface of the vehicle body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of harvesting, in particular to a rhizome crop excavating device.
Background
The root crops include corm Eleocharitis, fructus Colocasiae Esculentae, rhizoma Sagittariae Sagittifoliae, rhizoma Nelumbinis, rhizoma Solani Tuber osi, and sweet potato.
For example, water chestnut, also known as water chestnut, black taro, etc., belongs to the family of monocotyledonous cyperaceae, and is a perennial herbaceous plant. Has slender stoloniferous rootstock and tuber growing on the top of the stoloniferous rootstock. The growth of water chestnuts has a characteristic and is generally concentrated at the bottom of a plough bottom layer. The Guangxi region is a ground region for producing water chestnuts, the water chestnuts dug in the Guangxi region are generally dug by adopting an artificial digging tool, and the artificial digging tool structurally comprises rake teeth arranged at the bottom, a supporting rod arranged at the top and a wood pad used for turning over a fulcrum. The water chestnut is harvested from the bottom of 11 months to the beginning of 12 months, and before harvesting, the water in the field needs to be drained completely and seedlings need to be cut. Because the field is harder, the manual digging tool is adopted for digging in production, firstly, after the position is selected, a person holds the holding rod and steps on the rake teeth, presses down the holding rod to the bottom, then places an oval wood pad (wood) on the field to prop the top of the rake teeth (or the bottom of the holding rod) as a fulcrum, holds the holding rod to turn outwards forcefully, turns over soil by the rake teeth, and then sees the water chestnuts to harvest. The tools all need high strength, generally, young men turn over the land by the tools first, then women with weak strength pick up the water chestnuts, and the like, and turning operators need to consume a large amount of labor, and the people with weak strength are difficult to operate and the operators are tired.
For example, taro, a perennial herb of the family Araceae of the genus taro, is often cultivated as an annual crop. During the cultivation of the taros, the ridging is beneficial to the growth and development of the taros corms, and is one of the key measures for the high-yield and high-quality cultivation of the taros. However, the root system of the taros is easy to be damaged by ridging, so that the growth of the taros is influenced, the ridging is labor-consuming and labor-consuming, the ecological environment of the growth of the taros is damaged, the ridging can be replaced by a plastic film mulching technology, the defects of the traditional taro ridging cultivation are overcome, and the growth and development of taro bulbs are facilitated. Because the mother taro grows to the surface layer of soil, the son taro is larger, and the difference between the son taro and the son taro is larger, the mother taro is generally dug by a hoe or harvested by digging soil by a tool similar to the hoe.
As described above, the root crops can be classified into two types, i.e., shallow soil and deep soil, according to the soil layer to which the fruits belong. The harvesting organs of the shallow soil layer crops are generally positioned in the plough layer of the crops, such as arrowheads, sweet potatoes, potatoes and the like; some crops are special, such as taro and the like, the main taro can be partially exposed outside, and the subsidiary taro is positioned on a plough layer; deep soil layers are generally in the bottom layer of the plough, such as water chestnuts, lotus roots and the like. During harvesting, the root crops are mainly harvested manually, and a mechanized excavating device is needed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a rhizome crop excavating device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the rhizome crop excavating device comprises a crawler dragging vehicle body and an excavating mechanism; the excavating mechanism comprises a rake tooth assembly, a penetrating and chiseling assembly and a turning assembly; the overturning assembly comprises a telescopic driving piece I and an overturning bracket, the overturning bracket is rotatably arranged on the side I of the crawler dragging vehicle body, and the transverse two ends of the overturning bracket are arranged along the front and back directions of the crawler dragging vehicle body so as to enable the longitudinal two ends of the overturning bracket to rotate around a transverse extension line where the rotary connection position of the longitudinal two ends is located under the action of the telescopic driving piece I; the drilling component comprises a telescopic driving piece II and a drilling bracket, and the drilling bracket is slidably arranged at the bottom end of the overturning bracket so as to enable the drilling bracket to stretch and move along the longitudinal direction of the overturning bracket under the action of the telescopic driving piece II; the rake teeth assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the chiseling support, so that the rake teeth assembly can extend downwards under the action of the telescopic driving piece II to be inserted into a field to a certain depth or be recycled and arranged on the surface of the field, and the rake teeth assembly can complete the soil turning operation under the driving of the overturning support.
As an option, the overturning bracket is erected on a frame on the side I of the caterpillar tractor body through a fulcrum; the turnover support is a plate-shaped frame structure consisting of a plurality of transversely extending cross beams I and longitudinally extending longitudinal beams I, so that a sliding plane is formed on the turnover support and is conveniently connected with the drilling support in a relative sliding manner; the pivot frame comprises a fixed section and an outward-protruding section, the fixed section is connected to the frame, the outward-protruding section protrudes outwards out of the crawler and pulls the I side of the vehicle body, and the end part of the outward-protruding section is hinged to the rotating connection position of the overturning support. The pivot frame fixed section passes on the shell body is fixed in the frame, and the evagination section articulates there is the upset support, adopts articulated connection structure, can realize rotating the connection. Wherein, articulated position (rotate hookup location) has two at least to the horizontal both ends of upset support are evenly arranged, and the flexible driving piece I of 1 at least evenly arranges like the same reason, so that the effort of homodisperse flexible driving piece I. Of course, a connection structure of the rotating shaft in combination with the outer sleeve thereof may also be adopted.
As an option, the outer convex section is horizontally arranged by adopting a telescopic driving piece III to form a telescopic structure, the fixed end of the telescopic driving piece III is fixedly connected to the fixed section, and the movable end of the telescopic driving piece III is hinged with the overturning bracket so as to adjust the distance between the overturning bracket and the side I of the crawler tractor body under the action of the telescopic driving piece III, so that the rake tooth assembly can complete the soil turning operation under the condition of a certain telescopic distance from the crawler tractor; wherein, flexible driving piece I, flexible driving piece II and flexible driving piece III are electric putter, and it is connected to the controller respectively to stretch out and draw back under the control of controller. So, adopt the controller to combine electric putter to realize flexible control, utilize flexible driving piece III to adjust the flexible distance of rake teeth subassembly and automobile body, utilize flexible driving piece II to wear to chisel and insert or retrieve, utilize flexible driving piece I to overturn, reach the mechanized control purpose to the excavator, moreover, the rake teeth subassembly can be at a distance of certain flexible distance with track tractor and accomplish the operation of digging down.
As an option, the excavation device has the following excavation control modes:
the first mode is a single mode, the telescopic length of the convex section is set to be a fixed value, the crawler dragging vehicle body walks on the field in a square wave shape and digs the soil, and stops to perform soil turning operation once when the crawler dragging vehicle body walks to a digging position for a certain digging distance;
the second mode is a reciprocating mode, the crawler dragging vehicle body walks on the ditch surface of the field for more than 2 times in a reciprocating mode and digs the soil on the furrow surface beside the ditch surface, the telescopic length of the convex section is gradually reduced along with the increase of the walking times of the crawler dragging vehicle body at a certain digging interval when digging the soil on a certain furrow surface, and the crawler dragging vehicle body stops to perform one soil turning operation when walking to the digging position every time for a certain digging distance;
the telescopic length of the outer convex section is realized by controlling the telescopic driving piece III to stretch; the soil turning operation flow comprises the following steps: control flexible driving piece I earlier and make the rake teeth subassembly insert the field, control flexible driving piece I again and make the rake teeth subassembly rotate on horizontal perpendicular and accomplish outside digging, control flexible driving piece I again and flexible driving piece II make the rake teeth subassembly resume to be in the field on the surface perpendicularly. So, the rake teeth subassembly can be at a distance from certain flexible distance with track tractor and accomplish the operation of digging down for this excavating gear can adapt to and excavate to shallow soil layer rhizome class crop, and the automobile body can walk on the furrow face during the excavation, adjusts the flexible distance of rake teeth subassembly and can excavate the rectangular pieces of land in a field face next door, and the automobile body can directly walk and control the rake teeth subassembly and excavate on the field ground surface when excavating to deep soil layer rhizome class crop simultaneously.
As an option, the movable end of the telescopic driving piece I is hinged to the top end of the overturning support, the fixed end of the telescopic driving piece I is arranged on the frame on the side II of the caterpillar band dragging trolley body through the support frame, and the fixed end of the telescopic driving piece I is hinged to the top end of the support frame. Therefore, under the telescopic action of the telescopic driving piece I, the overturning bracket is pushed to rotate around the transverse extension line of the rotary connecting position so as to pull the overturning bracket to enable the bottom end of the overturning bracket to rotate outwards or push the overturning bracket to enable the bottom end of the overturning bracket to reset to a vertical state. And when the turning bracket is in a vertical state, the stretching direction of the telescopic driving piece I and the sliding plane of the turning bracket form an angle of 85-90 degrees, so that the moment of the acting force of the telescopic driving piece I is improved.
As an option, the horizontal both ends of the drilling support are respectively through the sliding sleeve and the bottom sliding connection of upset support, and the sliding sleeve sets up on the upset support. Thus, the sliding connection can be realized by using the sliding sleeve to limit and serve as a sliding track.
As an option, the penetrating support is a plate-shaped frame structure consisting of a plurality of transversely extending cross beams II and longitudinally extending longitudinal beams II, the sliding sleeve is longitudinally extended on the overturning support, and the longitudinal beams II penetrate in the sliding sleeve to be matched with the sliding sleeve for sliding connection. Thus, a sliding plane is formed on the overturning bracket, and the overturning bracket is conveniently connected with the overturning bracket in a sliding mode.
As an option, the fixed end of the telescopic driving piece II is arranged at the top end of the turnover support, the top end of the piercing support is provided with a ring sleeve, the movable end of the telescopic driving piece II is arranged in the ring sleeve in a penetrating manner and is fixed by a pin shaft, the ring sleeve plays a role in limiting and fixing, and under the telescopic action of the telescopic driving piece II, the piercing support slides in the longitudinal direction so as to push the piercing support to enable the outer extension of the piercing support to be inserted into a field or pull the piercing support to be recovered and reset to an initial state (arranged on the ground surface); and the telescopic direction of the telescopic driving piece II is arranged along the longitudinal extension so as to improve the moment of the acting force of the telescopic driving piece II when the drilling bracket slides in the longitudinal direction.
As an option, the rake teeth subassembly includes base and rake teeth, and a plurality of rake teeth arranges on the base along horizontal align to grid, and the base passes through the base and sets up in the bottom of piercing the support, and the length direction of every rake teeth all along longitudinal extension to can stretch down under the effect of flexible driving piece II and insert the certain degree of depth in field or retrieve and arrange in the field on the surface. Therefore, the raker teeth are utilized to form the grid column, soil blocks formed by the water chestnuts and soil are turned out, and the rake teeth are spaced from each other to reduce the puncturing injury to the water chestnuts during insertion.
As an option, the transverse length of the base is greater than or equal to the front-rear length of the caterpillar band dragging vehicle body; and the base is L word shape, and the base is T word shape, and the base sets up in the support bottom of cutting with a hole, and the base passes through bolt fit nut with the base and is connected. When excavating at every turn, firstly, the crawler tractor body moves transversely and then overturns to excavate, and the size of the limited rake tooth component is larger than or equal to the length of the tractor body, so that the front and the back excavating positions are better mutually connected, and the rake teeth can transversely support the edge of a field.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the crawler-type excavating machine is characterized in that a rotatable overturning assembly is arranged on a crawler-type dragging vehicle body, a slidably telescopic penetrating and chiseling assembly is arranged on the overturning assembly, a rake tooth assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the penetrating and chiseling assembly, the rake tooth assembly is pushed by the penetrating and chiseling assembly to be inserted into a field, soil blocks are outwards turned by the rake tooth assembly under the driving action of the overturning assembly, and mechanized overturning excavation is realized on the side surface of the vehicle body.
2. The invention can be suitable for digging root crops in shallow soil layers and deep soil layers of fields; the rake teeth subassembly can accomplish the operation of digging at a distance of certain flexible distance with track tractor for this excavating gear can adapt to and excavate to shallow layer rhizome class crop, the automobile body can walk on the furrow face during the excavation, adjust the flexible distance of rake teeth subassembly and can excavate the rectangular pieces of land in a field face next door, and the automobile body walks on the furrow face can not compaction rectangular pieces of land in a field face and do benefit to the operation of later stage farming in addition, the automobile body can directly walk and control the rake teeth subassembly and excavate to deep soil layer rhizome class crop when excavating simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the digging principle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is another view angle structure diagram of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 3 from another view angle.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 3 from yet another perspective.
Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing another example of the fulcrum frame of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a structure of still another example of the fulcrum holder of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the inventive excavation process.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of another excavation process of the present invention.
In the drawing, the device comprises a support frame 1, a support frame 2, a telescopic driving piece I, a telescopic driving piece 3, a turning support frame 4, a fulcrum frame 5, a telescopic driving piece II, a telescopic driving piece 6, a chiseling support frame 7, a sliding sleeve 8, a rake tooth assembly 81, rake teeth 82, a base 9, a telescopic driving piece III, a telescopic driving piece 100, a track dragging vehicle body 101, a frame side beam I, a frame side beam 102, a frame side beam II, a field 200, a field 201, a ridge surface 202 and a groove surface.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, defining xy as a horizontal direction, z as a vertical direction, y as a front-back direction x of a caterpillar tractor body as left and right sides, y as a horizontal direction, and y as a longitudinal direction as a telescopic direction of a telescopic driving piece II 5; referring to fig. 11, X is a row direction of the field and Y is a column direction.
Referring to fig. 2, the digging device of the present embodiment digs earth by inserting the rake teeth into the field and then turning over the crops such as water chestnuts and soil.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the water chestnut digging device of the present embodiment includes a caterpillar tractor body 100 and a digging mechanism; the excavating mechanism comprises a rake tooth component 8, a penetrating component and a turnover component; the overturning assembly comprises a telescopic driving piece I2 and an overturning bracket 3, the overturning bracket 3 is rotatably arranged on the side I of the crawler dragging vehicle body, and the transverse two ends of the overturning bracket 3 are arranged along the front and back directions of the crawler dragging vehicle body, so that the longitudinal two ends of the overturning bracket 3 can rotate around a transverse extension line where the rotary connecting position is located under the action of the telescopic driving piece I2; the drilling component comprises a telescopic driving piece II 5 and a drilling bracket 6, and the drilling bracket 6 is slidably arranged at the bottom end of the overturning bracket 3 so that the drilling bracket 6 can longitudinally move in a telescopic manner along the overturning bracket 3 under the action of the telescopic driving piece II 5; the rake teeth assembly 8 is arranged at the bottom end of the piercing support 6 so as to be capable of being inserted into the field 200 at a certain depth or being recovered and placed on the surface of the field under the action of the telescopic driving piece II 5.
The crawler tractor body is an existing portable crawler, such as a portable crawler, the size and the weight of the machine are relatively small, and the machine is easy to observe, control, find and dig the position and drive on a field in the using process. The turnover component can be arranged on a vehicle body frame and needs to penetrate through the shell or bypass the shell; or, if the shell strength is higher, the shell can be directly arranged on the vehicle body shell. The telescopic driving piece can adopt the existing equipment such as an electric push rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod and the like, and the connection and the control of the telescopic driving piece both adopt the existing technology.
As above-mentioned, this excavating gear is provided with rotatable upset subassembly on the track tractor automobile body, is provided with the flexible subassembly of cutting with a chisel of slidable on the upset subassembly, disposes the harrow tooth subassembly in the subassembly bottom of cutting with a chisel, and the harrow tooth subassembly inserts the field under the subassembly promotes of cutting with a chisel to the harrow tooth subassembly soil block that turns up under the upset subassembly drive effect realizes mechanized upset excavation at automobile body side. So, for artifical upset mode, work efficiency has improved, saves operator's strength simultaneously, avoids operator's overwork, reduces the operation degree of difficulty and strength limitation nature.
The flip assembly will be described below.
Referring to fig. 1-8, as an option, in one example, a roll-over stand 3 is provided on the frame on the side of the track tractor body I via a fulcrum frame 4; and, fulcrum frame 4 includes canned paragraph and evagination section, and the canned paragraph is connected to on the frame, and the evagination section outwards protrudes the track and drags automobile body I side, and the tip of evagination section articulates in the rotation connection position of upset support 3. As shown in the figures 1-8, the fulcrum frame fixing section is arranged on the frame side beam II 102, and the fulcrum frame convex section is hinged with the overturning bracket. The pivot frame fixed section passes on the shell body is fixed in the frame, and the evagination section articulates there is the upset support, adopts articulated connection structure, can realize rotating the connection. The fulcrum frame structure may vary depending on the position through or around the housing, an example being fulcrum frame 4 of fig. 3-8, fig. 9 being fulcrum frame II 401. Wherein, articulated position (rotate hookup location) has two at least to the horizontal both ends of upset support are evenly arranged, and the flexible driving piece I of 1 at least evenly arranges like the same reason, so that the effort of homodisperse flexible driving piece I. Of course, as an alternative to the hinge structure, a connection structure of a rotating shaft combined with an outer shaft sleeve may also be adopted, and the rotating connection structure is also the prior art and is not described herein again.
As an option, in one example, the turning bracket 3 is a plate-shaped frame structure composed of a plurality of transverse beams I extending transversely and longitudinal beams I extending longitudinally, for example, a frame can be formed by welding aluminum alloy pipes, steel pipes, etc., and the frame structure can reduce weight. Thus, a sliding plane is formed on the drilling support, and the drilling support is connected with the drilling support in a sliding mode.
As an option, in an example, the movable end of the telescopic driving member I2 is hinged to the top end of the overturning bracket 3, the fixed end of the telescopic driving member I2 is arranged on the frame on the side II of the track dragging vehicle body through the supporting frame 1, and the fixed end of the telescopic driving member I is hinged to the top end of the supporting frame. As shown in the figure, one end of the support frame 1 is installed on a frame side beam I101, and the other end of the support frame is hinged with a telescopic driving piece I. Therefore, under the telescopic action of the telescopic driving piece I, the overturning bracket is pushed to rotate around the transverse extension line of the rotary connecting position so as to pull the overturning bracket to enable the bottom end of the overturning bracket to rotate outwards or push the overturning bracket to enable the bottom end of the overturning bracket to reset to a vertical state. When the overturning bracket is in a vertical state, the telescopic direction of the telescopic driving piece I and the sliding plane of the overturning bracket form an angle of 85-90 degrees so as to improve the moment of acting force of the telescopic driving piece I; moreover, a better operation space can be reserved by utilizing the support frame for supporting, and the application scene is directly connected to the vehicle body in an inclined mode relative to the telescopic driving piece I.
The piercing assembly will be described below.
Referring to fig. 1-8, as an option, in an example, the two lateral ends of the drilling support 6 are slidably connected with the bottom end of the turning support through sliding sleeves respectively, and the sliding sleeves are disposed on the turning support. Thus, the sliding connection can be realized by using the sliding sleeve to limit and serve as a sliding track.
As an option, in an example, the drilling support 6 is a plate-shaped frame structure composed of a plurality of transverse beams II extending transversely and longitudinal beams II extending longitudinally, a sliding sleeve is arranged on the overturning support in a longitudinally extending manner, and the longitudinal beams II are inserted into the sliding sleeve to be matched with the sliding connection. For example, the frame can be formed by welding aluminum alloy pipes, steel pipes and the like, the weight can be reduced by adopting the frame structure, and a square pipe can be adopted according to the actual situation, or a connecting plate is welded to increase the counter weight. Thus, a sliding plane is formed on the overturning bracket, and the overturning bracket is conveniently connected with the overturning bracket in a sliding mode.
As an option, in an example, the fixed end of the telescopic driving member II 5 is disposed at the top end of the turning support 3, the top end of the drilling support 6 is provided with a ring sleeve 61, the movable end of the telescopic driving member II 5 is disposed in the ring sleeve and configured with a pin shaft for fixing, the ring sleeve plays a role of limiting and fixing, and under the telescopic action of the telescopic driving member II, the drilling support slides in the longitudinal direction so as to push the drilling support to extend outwards to insert into the field or pull the drilling support to recover and reset to the initial state (disposed on the ground surface); and the telescopic direction of the telescopic driving piece II is arranged along the longitudinal extension so as to improve the moment of the acting force of the telescopic driving piece II when the drilling bracket slides in the longitudinal direction. At least 1 telescopic driving piece II is uniformly arranged, the acting force of the telescopic driving piece II can be uniformly dispersed, and the illustration takes 1 as an example. Of course, the fixed end of the telescopic driving member II can be installed at other positions such as the bottom end of the turning bracket.
The rake tooth assembly will be described below.
Referring to fig. 1-8, as an option, in one example, the rake assembly 8 includes a base 82 and a plurality of rake teeth 81, the plurality of rake teeth are arranged on the base in a horizontal uniform arrangement, the base is disposed at the bottom end of the drilling support through a base, and the length direction of each rake tooth extends in a longitudinal direction so as to be capable of being inserted into a field to a certain depth or being recovered and placed on the surface of the field under the action of the telescopic driving member II. Therefore, the raker teeth are utilized to form the grid column, soil blocks formed by the water chestnuts and soil are turned out, and the rake teeth are spaced from each other to reduce the puncturing injury to the water chestnuts during insertion. Wherein the rake teeth spacing can be tested and adjusted according to the actual situation, for example 8 or 10 cm.
As an option, in one example, the transverse length of the base is greater than or equal to the front-to-rear length of the track-hauling body; and the base is L word shape, and the base is T word shape, and the base sets up in the support bottom of cutting with a hole, and the base passes through bolt fit nut with the base and is connected. The base and the base are separately connected, so that the replacement convenience is improved; the angle joint structure is adopted, and the T-shaped double-sided connection and support are utilized to improve the connection strength. When excavating at every turn, firstly, the crawler tractor body moves transversely and then overturns to excavate, and the size of the limited rake tooth component is larger than or equal to the length of the tractor body, so that the front and the back excavating positions are better mutually connected, and the rake teeth can transversely support the edge of a field.
The control of the telescopic drive will be explained below.
As an option, in an example, the telescopic driving member I and the telescopic driving member II are both electric push rods, which are respectively connected to the controller to perform telescopic operation under the control of the controller; the number of the telescopic driving pieces I and II can be respectively 1 or more than 2 according to the actual situation, and when more than 2 groups (for example, 2 telescopic driving pieces II are configured), the groups need to run synchronously; the controller such as AT89C51 is configured with a switch for each group or automatically linked after the excavation switch is operated, and the electric push rod, the controller and the connection thereof are all in the prior art and are not described herein again. Therefore, the controller is combined with the electric push rod to realize telescopic control, and the aim of controlling the excavating mechanism is fulfilled.
For deep crops such as water chestnuts, the deep crops are generally concentrated at the bottom of the plough bottom layer, and the deep crops can be agglomerated with soil, so that the depth of the deep crops from the ground surface is obtained, for example, 30 cm. At the moment, the caterpillar tractor can directly walk on the field surface, and the distance between the rake tooth assembly and the tractor body can be fixed, so that the fulcrum frame can be adopted. However, for the shallow soil layer rhizome crops such as taros, sweet potatoes and the like, the harvested crop organs can be damaged when the vehicle body passes through the field surface, and strict row or column spacing control can be carried out during planting, for example, the row spacing or the column spacing is 40cm for the vehicle body with the track width of 30cm to walk.
As previously mentioned, an example of a digging implement that is not telescopically adjustable for the convex section of the outrigger point:
at this time, a schematic diagram of a vehicle body traveling route p can be seen in fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an excavating route of the device under the condition that the telescopic length of the convex section is fixed, and can be used for explaining the excavating route of the device, the crawler dragging vehicle body firstly travels forwards once, then travels backwards at a certain excavating interval once, then travels forwards at a certain excavating interval once, and so on until the excavating operation is completed. In use, initially the piercing carriage is in a vertical orientation with the tines at the surface (e.g. 3 or 5cm from the surface); firstly, a caterpillar track dragging vehicle body is driven into the side edge of a field I (defining two sides of the field I in the Y direction) in the transverse direction (the Y direction), and at the moment, the harrow teeth are arranged at a certain digging distance (such as 25 or 30cm) from the edge of the field I (defining two ends of the field I in the X direction); then, controlling the telescopic driving piece II to act, and inserting the harrow teeth into the field in a downward extending manner; then, controlling the action of the telescopic driving piece I to push the turnover support to turn outwards so as to push the rake teeth to turn outwards and turn out the water chestnuts and soil; then, controlling the telescopic driving pieces I and II to restore the rake teeth and the overturning bracket to the initial state to complete one-time soil turning and excavating operation; then, the vehicle body is continuously opened to the next position in the y direction, then the digging operation is carried out, meanwhile, the adjacent digging positions are based on the mutual connection of the rake teeth until the side edge of the field II is reached, then the vehicle body moves to the end of the field II for a certain digging distance, then the vehicle body moves to the side edge of the field I from the side edge of the field II and digs, and the moving and digging operation is carried out by the analogy. Wherein, the end part of the field II end can drive the vehicle body out of the planting area.
Example 2
Referring to the foregoing embodiment 1, when planting some rootstocks such as taros, the crops are generally divided into trench surfaces and furrow surfaces, such as 0.8-1.2m wide trench surfaces and 1-1.2m wide furrow surfaces, while the digging device of the foregoing embodiment 1 performs soil turning and digging on the side surfaces, and for rootstocks in shallow soil layers, the crops can walk and dig on the trench surfaces by using the following telescopically adjustable supporting point frames.
Referring to fig. 10, as an option, in an example, the protruding section of the fulcrum frame 402 is horizontally disposed by using a telescopic driving member III 9 to form a telescopic structure, a fixed end of the telescopic driving member III is fixedly connected to the fixed section, and a movable end of the telescopic driving member III is hinged to the turning support, so that the distance between the turning support and the side I of the track tractor body can be adjusted under the action of the telescopic driving member III, and the rake teeth assembly can complete the soil turning operation at a certain telescopic distance from the track tractor.
Wherein, the telescopic driving piece III is also the existing technology such as the electric push rod of the controller; the telescopic driving piece III can adopt three, four or five telescopic rods so as to extend to cover the ridge surface; so, adopt the controller to combine electric putter to realize flexible control, utilize flexible driving piece III to adjust the flexible distance of rake teeth subassembly and automobile body, utilize flexible driving piece II to wear to chisel and insert or retrieve, utilize flexible driving piece I to overturn, reach the mechanized control purpose to the excavator, moreover, the rake teeth subassembly can be at a distance of certain flexible distance with track tractor and accomplish the operation of digging under to dig the rectangular pieces of land in a field face walking.
Aiming at an excavating device example with a telescopic bracket point convex section; preferably, the excavation device has the following excavation control modes:
the first mode is a single mode, the telescopic length of the convex section is set to be a fixed value, the crawler dragging vehicle body walks on the field in a square wave shape and digs the soil, and stops to perform soil turning operation once when the crawler dragging vehicle body walks to a digging position for a certain digging distance;
the second mode is a reciprocating mode, the crawler dragging vehicle body walks on the ditch surface of the field for more than 2 times in a reciprocating mode and digs the soil on the furrow surface beside the ditch surface, the telescopic length of the convex section is gradually reduced along with the increase of the walking times of the crawler dragging vehicle body at a certain digging interval when digging the soil on a certain furrow surface, and the crawler dragging vehicle body stops to perform one soil turning operation when walking to the digging position every time for a certain digging distance;
the telescopic length of the outer convex section is realized by controlling the telescopic driving piece III to stretch; the soil turning operation flow comprises the following steps: control flexible driving piece I earlier and make the rake teeth subassembly insert the field, control flexible driving piece I again and make the rake teeth subassembly rotate on horizontal perpendicular and accomplish outside digging, control flexible driving piece I again and flexible driving piece II make the rake teeth subassembly resume to be in the field on the surface perpendicularly.
Referring to fig. 11, a schematic diagram of a single-mode vehicle body traveling route p is shown, the set telescopic length is controlled first, then the crawler drags the vehicle body to travel forward once, then to travel backward once with a certain excavation distance, and then to travel forward once with a certain excavation distance, and so on, so as to complete the excavation operation one by one.
Referring to fig. 12, which is a schematic view of a vehicle body traveling route p in a reciprocating mode, the crawler pulls the vehicle body to travel in a reciprocating manner in a groove surface and excavates the furrow surfaces on both sides of the vehicle body in a soil turning manner, the telescopic length can be controlled to a far position corresponding to the furrow surface, then the vehicle body travels in a forward direction and a reverse direction, and excavates the furrow surfaces on both sides of the vehicle body in a soil turning manner respectively, the operation is repeated, the telescopic length is gradually reduced, the furrow surfaces on both sides of the vehicle body are excavated in a soil turning manner, and then the vehicle body is changed to other groove surfaces to repeat the operation until the. It is of course possible to use a rotatable crawler such as a forklift, where there is no forward or reverse travel to observe the lane and control the travel of the vehicle body. Simultaneously, can change the ditch face and set up the parameter, the interval sets up the ditch face that is used for the automobile body walking of great width, if 1.3m, and other ditch faces set to less width, if 0.5m, so adopt a big little ditch face width setting, big ditch face can make things convenient for the automobile body to walk, and little ditch face also can carry out other field operations, can increase rectangular pieces of land in a field surface total even, increases the utilization ratio.
So, the rake teeth subassembly can be at a distance from certain flexible distance with track tractor and accomplish the operation of digging under for this excavating gear can adapt to and excavate to shallow layer rhizome class crop, the automobile body can walk on the furrow face during the excavation, adjust the flexible distance of rake teeth subassembly and can excavate the rectangular pieces of land in a field face next door, and the automobile body can not the compaction rectangular pieces of land in a field face to walk on the furrow face and do benefit to the operation of later stage farming moreover, the automobile body can directly be walked on the ground surface and control the rake teeth subassembly and excavate when excavating to deep soil layer rhizome class crop simultaneously.
It is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like, when used in reference to a particular orientation or positional relationship, are used merely to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description.
The foregoing description is directed to the details of preferred and exemplary embodiments of the invention, and not to the limitations defined thereby, which are intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the invention as may come within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rhizome class crop excavating gear, includes the track traction automobile body, its characterized in that: the device also comprises an excavating mechanism; the excavating mechanism comprises a rake tooth assembly, a penetrating and chiseling assembly and a turning assembly; the overturning assembly comprises a telescopic driving piece I and an overturning bracket, the overturning bracket is rotatably arranged on the side I of the crawler dragging vehicle body, and the two transverse ends of the overturning bracket are arranged along the front and back directions of the crawler dragging vehicle body so as to enable the two longitudinal ends of the overturning bracket to rotate around a transverse extension line where the rotary connection position of the overturning bracket is located under the action of the telescopic driving piece I; the drilling assembly comprises a telescopic driving piece II and a drilling support, and the drilling support is slidably arranged at the bottom end of the overturning support so as to be capable of moving in a longitudinal telescopic mode along the overturning support under the action of the telescopic driving piece II; the rake teeth subassembly sets up in the bottom of wearing the chisel support to can stretch down under the effect of flexible driving piece II and insert certain degree of depth in field or retrieve and arrange field surface in, make the rake teeth subassembly can accomplish the operation of digging under the drive of upset support.
2. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 1, wherein: the overturning bracket is erected on a frame on the side I of the caterpillar tractor body through a fulcrum; the turnover support is a panel-shaped frame structure formed by a plurality of transversely extending cross beams I and longitudinally extending longitudinal beams I; the pivot frame comprises a fixed section and an outward-protruding section, the fixed section is connected to the frame, the outward-protruding section protrudes outwards out of the crawler and pulls the I side of the vehicle body, and the end part of the outward-protruding section is hinged to the rotating connection position of the overturning support.
3. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 2, wherein: the outer convex section is horizontally arranged by adopting a telescopic driving piece III to form a telescopic structure, the fixed end of the telescopic driving piece III is fixedly connected to the fixed section, and the movable end of the telescopic driving piece III is hinged with the overturning bracket so as to adjust the distance between the overturning bracket and the side I of the crawler tractor body under the action of the telescopic driving piece III, so that the rake tooth assembly can complete the soil turning operation at a certain telescopic distance from the crawler tractor; wherein, flexible driving piece I, flexible driving piece II and flexible driving piece III are electric putter, and it is connected to the controller respectively to stretch out and draw back under the control of controller.
4. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 3, wherein: the excavating device has the following excavating control modes:
the first mode is a single mode, the telescopic length of the convex section is set to be a fixed value, the crawler dragging vehicle body walks on the field in a square wave shape and digs the soil, and stops to perform soil turning operation once when the crawler dragging vehicle body walks to a digging position for a certain digging distance;
the second mode is a reciprocating mode, the crawler dragging vehicle body walks on the ditch surface of the field for more than 2 times in a reciprocating mode and digs the soil on the furrow surface beside the ditch surface, the telescopic length of the convex section is gradually reduced along with the increase of the walking times of the crawler dragging vehicle body at a certain digging interval when digging the soil on a certain furrow surface, and the crawler dragging vehicle body stops to perform one soil turning operation when walking to the digging position every time for a certain digging distance;
the telescopic length of the outer convex section is realized by controlling the telescopic driving piece III to stretch; the soil turning operation flow is as follows: control flexible driving piece I earlier and make the rake teeth subassembly insert the field, control flexible driving piece I again and make the rake teeth subassembly rotate on horizontal perpendicular and accomplish outside digging, control flexible driving piece I again and flexible driving piece II make the rake teeth subassembly resume to be in the field on the surface perpendicularly.
5. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 1, wherein: the movable end of the telescopic driving piece I is hinged to the top end of the overturning support, the fixed end of the telescopic driving piece I is arranged on a frame on the side II of the caterpillar band dragging trolley body through a support frame, and the fixed end of the telescopic driving piece I is hinged to the top end of the support frame.
6. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal both ends of wearing the chisel support are respectively through the bottom sliding connection of sliding sleeve and upset support, and the sliding sleeve sets up on the upset support.
7. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 6, wherein: the penetrating support is a plate-shaped frame structure formed by a plurality of transversely extending cross beams II and longitudinally extending longitudinal beams II, the sliding sleeve is longitudinally extended and arranged on the overturning support, and the longitudinal beams II penetrate in the sliding sleeve to be matched with the sliding sleeve for sliding connection.
8. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 1, wherein: the stiff end of flexible driving piece II sets up in the top of upset support, and the top of piercing the support is provided with the ring cover, and flexible driving piece II's expansion end is worn to arrange in the ring cover and is configured with the round pin axle and fix, and flexible driving piece II's flexible direction is arranged along longitudinal extension.
9. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 1, wherein: the rake teeth subassembly includes base and rake teeth, and a plurality of rake teeth arranges on the base along horizontal align to grid, and the base passes through the base and sets up in the bottom of piercing the support, and the length direction of every rake teeth all follows longitudinal extension to can stretch down under the effect of flexible driving piece II and insert certain degree of depth in field or retrieve and arrange field in on the surface in.
10. The rhizome crop excavating device according to claim 9, wherein: the transverse length of the base is more than or equal to the front-back length of the caterpillar band dragging vehicle body; and the base is L word shape, and the base is T word shape, and the base sets up in the support bottom of cutting with a hole, and the base passes through bolt fit nut with the base and is connected.
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| CN202110279669.9A CN113016321A (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Rhizome crop excavating gear |
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| CN202110279669.9A CN113016321A (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Rhizome crop excavating gear |
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