CN112961271A - 一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112961271A CN112961271A CN202110186874.0A CN202110186874A CN112961271A CN 112961271 A CN112961271 A CN 112961271A CN 202110186874 A CN202110186874 A CN 202110186874A CN 112961271 A CN112961271 A CN 112961271A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- preparation
- acrylate
- nano
- emulsion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 alkylamine quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- POTYORUTRLSAGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound ClCC(O)COC(=O)C=C POTYORUTRLSAGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- LMAUULKNZLEMGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 LMAUULKNZLEMGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N [(1s,3s,4s)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(=C)C)C[C@H]1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940119545 isobornyl methacrylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DDKMFQGAZVMXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(O)CCl DDKMFQGAZVMXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]butyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZGCZDEVLEULNLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZGCZDEVLEULNLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- CMVNWVONJDMTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-bromo-2-methyl-1h-quinazolin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC2=NC(C)=NC(O)=C21 CMVNWVONJDMTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FZGFBJMPSHGTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C=C FZGFBJMPSHGTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- AJURYMCOXVKKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(3-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCOC(=O)C=C AJURYMCOXVKKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FSAJWMJJORKPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FSAJWMJJORKPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- OCBHHZMJRVXXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-tetradecylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OCBHHZMJRVXXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVFWYUWNQVRQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-tris(2-phenylethenyl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(O)=CC=C1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 TVFWYUWNQVRQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COCLLEMEIJQBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C COCLLEMEIJQBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHAYCTOSKLIHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C KHAYCTOSKLIHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012844 infrared spectroscopy analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001595 mastoid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012703 microemulsion polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1818—C13or longer chain (meth)acrylate, e.g. stearyl (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1811—C10or C11-(Meth)acrylate, e.g. isodecyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate or 2-naphthyl (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
- D06M15/267—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having amino or quaternary ammonium groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
- D06M15/273—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having epoxy groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
- D06M15/29—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides containing a N-methylol group or an etherified N-methylol group; containing a N-aminomethylene group; containing a N-sulfidomethylene group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用,制备方法包括以下步骤:(a)称取原料;将混合单体、乳化剂和去离子水搅拌溶解,超声波搅拌,形成单体预乳液;(b)将1/3份单体预乳液加入反应釜中,通氮气,加入1/3份引发剂水溶液,升温反应,再滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;(c)滴加完毕后,加入硅烷偶联剂,反应后降温,再加入正硅酸乙酯,反应,降至室温,出料。本发明制备的无氟聚丙烯酸酯防水剂固含量高、粒径小且均一稳定,能够赋予织物优良的超疏水性、抗菌性、耐久性等性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织印染技术领域,特别是涉及一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
随着当前生活品质的日益提高,绿色、健康、低碳、环保的新材料新工艺是人们所追求的目标。日常生活中跟人们息息相关的具有防水功能的纺织品越来越受到人们的重视。目前市面上的防水剂大底是含氟防水剂,含氟防水剂在织物上应用后的效果最为明显,但成本偏高,且所含全氟辛烷磺酰基类化合物(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)(即全氟C8化合物)具有极高的稳定性、易生物累积、降解性差、多重毒性、远距离迁移能力等特点,对人体和环境存在潜在危害,其应用越来越受到限制。纳米防水整理剂的纳米粒子容易发生凝聚,从而失去纳米特性,而且粒子凝聚特别容易发生粘辊现象,从而会使织物的防水性大大降低。
聚丙烯酸酯类高聚物具有较好的耐水性、耐溶剂性、成膜性以及附着力强、生产工艺简单、成本低廉等优点,利用长碳链的疏水性以及-COOH等极性基团的可交联性,将长碳链丙烯酸酯单体与带强极性基团的丙烯酸类单体进行乳液聚合,制备的乳液型无氟聚丙烯酸酯类防水剂以水为连续相,具有成本低、安全无毒、环保等优点。关于长碳链聚丙烯酸酯类无氟防水剂乳液的研究工作都是在乳化剂种类、单体结构、共聚物分子结构设计等方面进行修饰和优化,以提高防水剂的稳定性及拒水性能。防水剂乳液的粒径及其分布范围对乳液的稳定性影响巨大,乳液粒径过大,会产生凝胶现象,影响其使用性能。ZL201080009570.7、ZL201310505871.4、ZL201510729297.X、WO2015178471A1、ZL201711292001.8报道利用长碳链聚丙烯酸酯同聚乙烯蜡在非离子表面活性剂和阳离子表面活性剂协同作用下制备无氟防水剂,该类防水剂虽然是不含有机氟,但是长碳链聚丙烯酸酯同聚乙烯蜡是物理共混,防水剂乳液稳定性不理想,进行防水处理后的织物拒水效果不持久。US2017342275-A1、JP2017165872A、ZL201810883529.4报道将长碳链丙烯酸酯同其他功能单体一起共聚制备聚丙烯酸酯防水剂,虽然该类防水剂主要是通过长碳链疏水性聚丙烯酸酯来达到防水目的,但其防水剂乳液颗粒较大,乳液溶液团聚,其作用效果有限。ZL201910777219.5将长碳链丙烯酸酯和其他功能单体的体系中引入阳离子单体,以阳离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂组成的复合乳化体系利用微乳液聚合的方法制备无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂,该类防水剂在防水乳液中引入阳离子,较好地改善了防水剂乳液的粒径,防止了乳液凝胶现象的产生,较好地提高了乳液的稳定性,但仅仅靠防水剂乳液在织物表面引入疏水层的方法提高防水效果,其防水效果有限。
ZL201810932016.4利用长链烷基丙烯酸酯同短链烷基丙烯酸酯乳液共聚制备防水剂乳液的过程中,引入硅烷偶联剂改性的SiO2纳米粒子和大粒径粒子到聚合物体系制备核壳型无氟聚丙烯酸酯防水剂,但现成的SiO2纳米粒子分散性不好,虽然利用硅烷偶联剂进行修饰,仍然克服不了纳米粒子团聚颗粒大的问题,大粒径粒子直接加入到聚合物反应体系中,也存在分散性不好的问题,从而使聚合物乳液粒子会较大,防水乳液容易团聚产生凝胶现象,影响了其性能的发挥。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足,提供一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其制备的无氟聚丙烯酸酯防水剂是在阳离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂协同作用下,将长链丙烯酸酯、季铵盐阳离子单体、短链烷基丙烯酸酯单体、交联型单体共聚的同时,反应体系中引入SiO2纳米粒子,从而制备出固含量高、粒径小且均一稳定的纳米SiO2改性聚合物乳液,从而赋予织物优良的超疏水性、抗菌性、耐久性等性能。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)按以下质量百分比称取原料:无氟疏水性长链烷基丙烯酸酯单体15-28.5%、短链烷基丙烯酸酯单体1-10%、阳离子单体0.5-5%、可交联单体0.3-5%、乳化剂1-5%、去离子水51.5-80%,以上各组分百分之比和为100%,其中无氟疏水性长链烷基丙烯酸酯单体、短链烷基丙烯酸酯单体、阳离子单体、可交联单体组成混合单体;然后将混合单体、乳化剂和去离子水在40-55℃搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液;
(b)将1/3份单体预乳液加入反应釜中,通氮气30min,然后加入1/3份引发剂水溶液,升温至80-90℃,反应20-50min,再在40-120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;
(c)滴加完毕后,向反应体系中加入占混合单体质量1-15%的硅烷偶联剂,在80-90℃反应90-180min,然后降温至50℃,再加入占混合单体质量2-15%的正硅酸乙酯,反应8-15h,反应结束后降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
所述无氟疏水性长链烷基丙烯酸酯单体选自10至24个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯或10至24个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯,或上述丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯的混合物。优选为12至24个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯或12至24个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯,更优选为16至24个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯或16至24个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯。
所述含有10至24个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯或含有10至24个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯是支链的、直链的或环状的。
所述阳离子单体为丙烯酰氧烷基季铵盐类阳离子单体中的一种或多种,其结构为:
其中,R1=H-、CH3-;R2=-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2-;R3=不同碳链烷基或者苄基。
所述短链烷基丙烯酸酯单体选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸仲丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸正辛酯中的一种或多种。
所述可交联单体选自丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、3-氯-2-羟基丙基丙烯酸酯、3-氯-2-羟基丙基甲基丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种。
所述乳化剂为阳离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂的复合物,且阳离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂质量比为1-6∶1;所述阳离子乳化剂选自烷基胺季铵盐、烷基酯基季铵盐、烷基酰基季铵盐、聚氧乙烯烷基胺季铵盐、烷基苄基季铵盐中的一种或多种;所述非离子乳化剂选自直链脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、支链脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸多元醇酯、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯多元醇酯、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、多苯乙烯酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯烷基糖苷、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
所述硅烷偶联剂为含双键的烷氧基硅烷中的一种或多种,包括γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷。
所述引发剂选自过硫酸盐、油溶性偶氮类引发剂、水溶性偶氮类引发剂中的一种或多种,引发剂添加量为混合单体质量的0.4-1.2%。引发剂选自过硫酸铵、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐中的一种或多种。
所述纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂可应用于纺织品的防水整理。
本发明将含有季铵盐阳离子结构的单体同长碳链丙烯酸酯进行共聚反应的同时,在反应体系中将有机硅试剂利用原位水解的方法制备SiO2纳米粒子,利用硅烷偶联剂的烷氧基水解生成物与SiO2纳米粒子表面的-OH发生键合,从而制备纳米SiO2改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。该防水剂中,由于引入的SiO2纳米粒子是原位水解的方法制备并键合到防水剂聚合物链上,其粒径容易控制为所需的纳米级微小颗粒,且分散性良好,也能使应用时生成的防水剂膜更加致密,提高了其耐久性;纳米SiO2的纳米尺寸效应和比表面积大等特点,赋予聚丙烯酸酯聚合物膜优异的表面性能、力学性能和热学性能,且能使涂层具有类似荷叶表面的微/纳米乳突结构,从而使被处理的织物呈现超强的疏水性能。季铵盐阳离子单体的电荷分散性以及新生成的共聚物分子链中因引入季铵盐阳离子结构而被赋予的自乳化性,以提高聚合反应时生成的聚合物乳液的乳化效果,从而提高共聚物乳液的稳定性和分散性,且季铵盐阳离子结构链段键合到防水性共聚物分子上,其固有的强极性和抗菌性,可提高其对被处理织物,尤其是纤维素类、蛋白质类织物的防水耐久性和抗菌性。
本发明的有益效果是:
在无氟长链聚丙烯酸酯类防水剂高分子链中引入季铵盐阳离子基团及纳米SiO2,使开发出的防水剂乳液具有固含量高、粒径小且分布均一稳定的特点,赋予纺织品优良的拒水性、抗渗水性、耐久性及抗菌性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1制备的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的红外光谱分析图;
图2为本发明的实施例1制备的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂涂膜的接触角测定示意图;
图3为本发明的实施例1制备的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的TEM图;
图4为本发明的实施例1制备的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的粒径分布图;
图5为本发明的实施例1制备的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂放置12个月后的外观图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步描述:
实施例1
取16g甲基丙烯酸山嵛基酯,0.4g甲基丙烯酸甲酯,0.6g丙烯酸正丁酯,0.5g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,0.4g甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,1.8g十八烷基三甲基氯化铵,0.3g平平加OS-15,80g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在40℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.072g偶氮二异丁腈配制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份偶氮二异丁腈水溶液,并升温至所需80℃,反应20min,再在40min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;滴加完毕后,加入0.18g的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷,在80℃反应90min,然后降温至50℃,再加入0.36g正硅酸乙酯反应8h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例1制备的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的分析测试数据
(1)红外光谱分析(FTIR)
由图1可以看出,3410cm-1为-OH的伸缩振动吸收峰,1730cm-1为酯键或羧基上C=O的吸收峰,2924cm-1为脂肪链-CH的伸缩振动吸收峰、2853cm-1为与相N连的-CH-的伸缩振动吸收峰,1474cm-1、1385cm-1为C-H弯曲振动吸收峰,1174cm-1、1097cm-1为酯键上C-O、Si-O伸缩振动吸收峰,956cm-1为季铵盐(-N+(CH3)3Cl)的特征吸收峰。从官能团吸收峰分析,合成的产物是含有长碳链的聚酯,聚合物分子链中还含有C-O、Si-O、-COO-以及季铵盐阳离子,正是目标产物。
(2)合成的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液涂膜接触角分析
将合成的阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂乳液对棉纤维进行处理,然后烘干再焙烘,采用悬滴法测定接触角,结果如图2所示,测试结果显示,乳胶膜的水接触角为143°,表面张力较小,非润湿效果非常好。
(3)形貌分析
乳胶粒的形貌用TEM进行表征,如图3(图b为图a的部分放大图)。在乳液聚合中,乳液粒径平均的大小和分布是检验乳液稳定性能的一个重要指标,乳液粒径越小,分布越均匀所制备的乳液稳定性越高。由图3可以看出,乳胶粒外观基本呈球状,大小较为均匀。由图4可知实验所得乳液的粒径分布在100-300nm,平均粒径为198nm,分布较窄,而此结果基本与TEM估算粒径大小相一致。
(4)稳定性分析
将防水剂放置12个月后再次测试其平均粒径为216nm,粒径略有增加,分布稍增宽,由图5可知乳液外观并没有大的颗粒和挂壁现象,因此,制备的防水剂具有稳定储存性能。
实施例2
取20g甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯,1.4g甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯,1.8g丙烯酸甲酯,0.8g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基苄基氯化铵,1.2g甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯,1.2g十八烷基三甲基氯化铵,0.6g壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚,73g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在50℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.252g过硫酸铵配制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份过硫酸铵水溶液,并升温至所需85℃,反应30min,再在60min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;滴加完毕后,加入1.26g的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,在85℃反应100min,然后降温至50℃,再加入1.26g正硅酸乙酯反应12h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例3
取22.95g丙烯酸十八烷基酯,6.5g甲基丙烯酸正丁酯,2.5g丙烯酸乙酯,1.8g丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,1.25g的3-氯-2-羟基丙基丙烯酸酯,2.2g双脂肪烷基乙酯基羟乙基甲基硫酸甲酯铵EQ-P,1.1g平平加OS-15,61.7g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在55℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.36g偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐配制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份的偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐水溶液,并升温至所需90℃,反应40min,再在120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入3.6g的γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,在90℃反应120min,然后降温至50℃,再加入4.725g正硅酸乙酯反应15h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例4
取25g甲基丙烯酸山嵛基酯,1.8g甲基丙烯酸乙酯,1.8g丙烯酸正丙酯,5g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基苄基氯化铵,1.5g丙烯酸羟丙酯,2g十六烷基三甲基氯化铵,1g脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯A105,61.9g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在55℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.4212g偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份的偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐水溶液,并升温至所需85℃,反应50min,再在120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入5.265g乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,在90℃反应180min,然后降温至50℃,再加入3.51g正硅酸乙酯反应15h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例5
取25g甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯,2g甲基丙烯酸正辛酯,1g丙烯酸仲丁酯,1.2g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,5g丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,2.7g十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,1.3g壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚,61.8g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在50℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.36g偶氮二异丁腈制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份的偶氮二异丁腈水溶液,并升温至所需90℃,反应50min,再在90min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入5g的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷,在90℃反应180min,然后降温至50℃,再加入3.6g正硅酸乙酯反应12h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例6
取27.1g丙烯酸山嵛基酯,1.4g丙烯酸十八烷基酯,1.4g丙烯酸异丁酯,0.5g丙烯酰氧丙基三甲基氯化铵,0.3g丙烯酸羟乙酯,3g十八烷基三甲基氯化铵,2g苯乙烯酚聚氧乙烯醚,64.3g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在55℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.321g偶氮二异丁腈制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份的偶氮二异丁腈水溶液,并升温至所需90℃,反应50min,再在120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入3.21g的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,在85℃反应150min,然后降温至50℃,再加入4g正硅酸乙酯反应12h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例7
取23g甲基丙烯酸二十四烷基酯,0.3g甲基丙烯酸癸酯,2g甲基丙烯酸甲酯,2g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,2g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基苄基氯化铵,0.5g丙烯酰胺,1g甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯,2g十二烷基苄基季铵盐,0.5g十六烷基三甲基氯化铵,1g三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚,65.7g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在40℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.07g偶氮二异丁腈和0.14g过硫酸铵配制成引发剂水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份引发剂水溶液,并升温至所需80℃,反应20min,再在40min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;滴加完毕后,加入1.8g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和1.5g的γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,在80℃反应90min,然后降温至50℃,再加入3.12g正硅酸乙酯反应8h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例8
取15g甲基丙烯酸山嵛基酯,11g丙烯酸十四烷基酯,1g甲基丙烯酸正丁酯,1g丙烯酸乙酯,0.5g丙烯酸仲丁酯,0.4g丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,0.3g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基苄基氯化铵,0.3g甲基丙烯酰胺,0.2g的3-氯-2-羟基丙基丙烯酸酯,0.2g十八烷基三甲基氯化铵,0.3g十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,0.5g异构十三碳脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,69.3g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在50℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.1g偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐和0.05g偶氮二异丁腈配制成引发剂水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份过引发剂水溶液,并升温至所需85℃,反应30min,再在60min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;滴加完毕后,加入1.25g乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和2.4g的γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,在85℃反应100min,然后降温至50℃,再加入2.92g的正硅酸乙酯反应12h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例9
取10g甲基丙烯酸异癸酯,8.2g丙烯酸十八烷基酯,3.6g丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯,1g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基苄基氯化铵,0.5g丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,0.3g丙烯酰氧丙基三甲基氯化铵,0.5g的N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺,0.5g甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯,0.5g的3-氯-2-羟基丙基丙烯酸酯,1.5g聚氧乙烯烷基胺季铵盐,0.3g壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚,0.2g烷基糖苷聚氧乙烯醚,1g平平加OS-15,71.9g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在55℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.129g过硫酸铵和0.129g偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐配制成引发剂水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份的引发剂水溶液,并升温至所需90℃,反应40min,再在120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入0.23g的γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、0.5g乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和0.5g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷,在90℃反应120min,然后降温至50℃,再加入1.66g正硅酸乙酯反应15h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例10
取7g丙烯酸十四烷基酯,18.5g甲基丙烯酸癸酯,1.3g丙烯酸正丙酯,2.5g甲基丙烯酸正辛酯,2g丙烯酸异丁酯,1.6g丙烯酰氧丙基三甲基氯化铵,2g的3-氯-2-羟基丙基甲基丙烯酸酯,0.5g丙烯酸羟丙酯,2.1g丙烯酸羟乙酯,1g聚氧乙烯烷基胺季铵盐,2g十六烷基三甲基氯化铵,1.5g失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯,58g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在55℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.13g偶氮二异丁腈、0.13g过硫酸铵和0.13g偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐制成引发剂水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份引发剂水溶液,并升温至所需85℃,反应50min,再在120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入2g的γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷和3g乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷,在90℃反应180min,然后降温至50℃,再加入5.625g正硅酸乙酯反应15h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例11
取18g甲基丙烯酸山嵛基酯,9.6g甲基丙烯酸月桂酯,10g甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯,4g丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,3.6g的N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺,2g聚氧乙烯烷基胺季铵盐,1.3g聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酯,51.5g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在50℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.1g偶氮二异丁腈、0.2g过硫酸铵和0.1g偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份的偶氮二异丁腈水溶液,并升温至所需90℃,反应50min,再在90min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入3.2g乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、0.6g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和1g乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,在90℃反应180min,然后降温至50℃,再加入4.8g的正硅酸乙酯反应12h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
实施例12
取15g甲基丙烯酸月桂酯,1.2g丙烯酸乙酯,0.2g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基苄基氯化铵,0.4g甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵,0.2g丙烯酰氧丙基三甲基氯化铵,0.5g甲基丙烯酰胺,1g十八烷基三甲基氯化铵,0.5g十六烷基三甲基氯化铵,0.5g聚氧乙烯烷基胺季铵盐,0.5g烷基糖苷聚氧乙烯醚,0.5g平平加OS-15,79.5g水。将混合单体、乳化剂、去离子水加入烧杯,在55℃下搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液。取0.105g偶氮二异丁眯盐酸盐制成水溶液。将1/3份单体预乳液加在装有搅拌器、温度计及加料装的反应釜中通入氮气30min,加入1/3份的偶氮二异丁眯盐酸水溶液,并升温至所需90℃,反应50min,再在120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;单体滴加完毕后,加入0.43g乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,在85℃反应150min,然后降温至50℃,再加入0.83g正硅酸乙酯反应12h,温度降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
对比实施例1-12
按照实施例1-12所述方法制备无氟防水剂,不同之处在于加入硅烷偶联剂反应后,不再添加硅酸乙酯,即无氟防水剂为未经纳米二氧化硅改性的阳离子聚丙烯酸酯乳液。
对比实施例13
无氟防水剂是市售商品。
本发明还提供纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂在纺织品防水整理上的应用。应用步骤包括先将以本发明提供的方法制备的无氟防水剂稀释至0.1-10%质量分数,然后施加到经低温染整加工的棉织物上接着去除多余的液体,最后进行干燥处理。可以通过涂布、喷涂、辊涂、轧染、浸渍等方法以及这些方法的组合,将无氟防水剂施加到经低温染整加工的棉织物上。经检测,附着在经低温染整加工的棉织物上的无氟防水剂成分占经低温染整加工的棉织物的质量比例为0.01-10%。所述干燥处理中,干燥条件依经低温染整加工的棉织物种类的不同而有所差异,同时应该保证无氟防水剂中由功能单体带来的功能基团充分反应,以达到最佳的防水效果和耐久性,通常需要在100℃-200℃下干燥0.1-90min。
将实施例1-12和对比实施例1-13的无氟防水剂用自来水稀释到固含量为10%,取经低温染整加工的棉织物一浸一轧,100℃烘干,180℃热处理30s,冷却到室温后测定防水效果。
防水效果,可通过国家标准《GB 4745-2012》试验方法进行考察,具体试验方法为:截取18×18cm的试样,用夹持器压紧,并安装于与水平成以45°角的固定底座上,用250mL(20±2℃)的蒸馏水或去离子水迅速而平稳地注入漏斗中,通过位于试样中心上方的喷头在25-30s内,朝试样中心平均而持续不断地喷淋。喷淋完毕,迅速将夹持器拿开,使试样正面向下成水平,轻轻地拍打一下,然后旋转,使试样正面向上成水平,轻轻地拍打一下,观察试样润湿程度,用文字描述及与图片对照评定其等级,取2次平均值。
评级标准文字为:
0级-整个试样表面完全润湿。
1级-受淋表面完全润湿。
1-2级-试样表面超出喷淋点处润湿,润湿面积超出受淋表面一半。
2级-试样表面超出喷淋点处润湿,润湿面积约为受淋表面一半。
2-3级-试样表面超出喷淋点处润湿,润湿面积少于受淋表面一半。
3级-试样表面喷淋点处润湿。
3-4级-试样表面等于或少于半数的喷淋点处润湿。
4级-试样表面有零星的喷淋点处润湿。
4-5级-试样表面没有润湿,有少量水珠。
5级-试样表面没有水珠或润湿。
另外,还考察了试样经水洗后的效果,水洗条件是,标准合成洗涤剂1g/L,洗衣机浴比1∶30洗涤,漂洗,脱水,100℃×3min定型机烘干。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干改变、改进和润饰,这些改变、改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(a)按以下质量百分比称取原料:无氟疏水性长链烷基丙烯酸酯单体15-28.5%、短链烷基丙烯酸酯单体1-10%、阳离子单体0.5-5%、可交联单体0.3-5%、乳化剂1-5%、去离子水51.5-80%,以上各组分百分之比和为100%,其中无氟疏水性长链烷基丙烯酸酯单体、短链烷基丙烯酸酯单体、阳离子单体、可交联单体组成混合单体;然后将混合单体、乳化剂和去离子水在40-55℃搅拌溶解,其后在超声波下高速搅拌,形成带有蓝光的单体预乳液;
(b)将1/3份单体预乳液加入反应釜中,通氮气30min,然后加入1/3份引发剂水溶液,升温至80-90℃,反应20-50min,再在40-120min内滴加剩余的2/3份单体预乳液和引发剂水溶液;
(c)滴加完毕后,向反应体系中加入占混合单体质量1-15%的硅烷偶联剂,在80-90℃反应90-180min,然后降温至50℃,再加入占混合单体质量2-15%的正硅酸乙酯,反应8-15h,反应结束后降至室温,出料,即制得纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂。
2.如权利要求1所述一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述无氟疏水性长链烷基丙烯酸酯单体选自10至24个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯或10至24个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯,或上述丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯的混合物。
3.如权利要求2所述一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述含有10至24个碳原子的醇的丙烯酸酯或含有10至24个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯是支链的、直链的或环状的。
5.如权利要求1所述一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述短链烷基丙烯酸酯单体选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸仲丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸正辛酯中的一种或多种。
6.如权利要求1所述一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述可交联单体选自丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、3-氯-2-羟基丙基丙烯酸酯、3-氯-2-羟基丙基甲基丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种。
7.如权利要求1所述一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述乳化剂为阳离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂的复合物,且阳离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂质量比为1-6∶1;所述阳离子乳化剂选自烷基胺季铵盐、烷基酯基季铵盐、烷基酰基季铵盐、聚氧乙烯烷基胺季铵盐、烷基苄基季铵盐中的一种或多种;所述非离子乳化剂选自直链脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、支链脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸多元醇酯、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯多元醇酯、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、多苯乙烯酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯烷基糖苷、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
8.如权利要求1所述一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述硅烷偶联剂为含双键的烷氧基硅烷中的一种或多种,包括γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷。
9.如权利要求1所述一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述引发剂选自过硫酸盐、油溶性偶氮类引发剂、水溶性偶氮类引发剂中的一种或多种,引发剂添加量为混合单体质量的0.4-1.2%。
10.一种如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述制备方法制备的纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的应用,其特征在于:所述纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂可应用于纺织品的防水整理。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110186874.0A CN112961271A (zh) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | 一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110186874.0A CN112961271A (zh) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | 一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN112961271A true CN112961271A (zh) | 2021-06-15 |
Family
ID=76284968
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110186874.0A Pending CN112961271A (zh) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | 一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN112961271A (zh) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113292666A (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-24 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种阳离子化改性聚丙烯酸酯的制备方法 |
CN114149197A (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-08 | 烟台大学 | 一种混凝土内表面疏水处理剂及其制备方法 |
CN114622415A (zh) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-06-14 | 江苏瑞洋安泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种织物用二氧化硅溶胶改性丙烯酸防水剂及其制备方法 |
CN115160486A (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-11 | 同济大学 | 一种抗菌型含氟乳化剂及其制备方法 |
CN115595795A (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-01-13 | 佳化化学(上海)有限公司(Cn) | 一种非氟聚合物组合物乳液及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101735412A (zh) * | 2009-12-01 | 2010-06-16 | 陕西科技大学 | 有机硅及纳米二氧化硅改性丙烯酸树脂无皂乳液的制备方法 |
WO2015178471A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | 明成化学工業株式会社 | フッ素を含まないはっ水剤組成物及びはっ水加工方法 |
CN109281172A (zh) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-29 | 浙江理工大学 | 核壳型无氟防水整理剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109988264A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 乳源东阳光氟有限公司 | 一种无氟防水剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN110527014A (zh) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | 一种无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂及其制备方法 |
CN110669165A (zh) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-10 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种阳离子型聚丙烯酸酯无氟防水剂及制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-02-08 CN CN202110186874.0A patent/CN112961271A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101735412A (zh) * | 2009-12-01 | 2010-06-16 | 陕西科技大学 | 有机硅及纳米二氧化硅改性丙烯酸树脂无皂乳液的制备方法 |
WO2015178471A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | 明成化学工業株式会社 | フッ素を含まないはっ水剤組成物及びはっ水加工方法 |
CN109988264A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 乳源东阳光氟有限公司 | 一种无氟防水剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109281172A (zh) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-29 | 浙江理工大学 | 核壳型无氟防水整理剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN110527014A (zh) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | 一种无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂及其制备方法 |
CN110669165A (zh) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-10 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种阳离子型聚丙烯酸酯无氟防水剂及制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
吉婉丽等: "阳离子无氟丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备及应用", 涂料工业, vol. 50, no. 1, pages 38 - 41 * |
周建华等: "纳米SiO2/有机氟改性聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的合成及应用", 陕西科技大学学报(自然科学版), vol. 32, no. 01, pages 39 - 44 * |
白小慧等: "氟硅改性丙烯酸酯有机/无机杂化无皂乳液制备及性能表征", 功能材料, no. 11, pages 2100 - 2103 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113292666A (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-24 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种阳离子化改性聚丙烯酸酯的制备方法 |
CN113292666B (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-09-16 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种阳离子化改性聚丙烯酸酯的制备方法 |
CN115595795A (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-01-13 | 佳化化学(上海)有限公司(Cn) | 一种非氟聚合物组合物乳液及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114149197A (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-08 | 烟台大学 | 一种混凝土内表面疏水处理剂及其制备方法 |
CN114149197B (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-06-21 | 烟台大学 | 一种混凝土内表面疏水处理剂及其制备方法 |
CN114622415A (zh) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-06-14 | 江苏瑞洋安泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种织物用二氧化硅溶胶改性丙烯酸防水剂及其制备方法 |
CN114622415B (zh) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-01-31 | 江苏瑞洋安泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种织物用二氧化硅溶胶改性丙烯酸防水剂及其制备方法 |
CN115160486A (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-11 | 同济大学 | 一种抗菌型含氟乳化剂及其制备方法 |
CN115160486B (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-11-03 | 同济大学 | 一种抗菌型含氟乳化剂及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN112961271A (zh) | 一种纳米二氧化硅改性无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN112898477A (zh) | 一种纳米二氧化硅改性无皂无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂的制备方法及应用 | |
CN109281172B (zh) | 核壳型无氟防水整理剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
JP6008002B2 (ja) | 撥水撥油剤 | |
CN106243271B (zh) | pH响应性的二维薄膜和三维海绵油水分离材料的制备及油水分离的应用 | |
CN103572602A (zh) | 无氟防水剂及制备方法、纺织品 | |
CN108641050A (zh) | 一种水性超疏水材料的制备方法 | |
US11643482B2 (en) | POSS modified polyacrylate fluoride-free waterproof agent and preparation method thereof | |
JPH0765272B2 (ja) | 繊維基質に撥油および撥水性を付与する方法 | |
CA2028503C (en) | Dispersions of copolymers containing perfluoroalkyl groups | |
CN103572603A (zh) | 纺织品无氟防水剂及其制备方法、纺织品 | |
US6894106B2 (en) | Aqueous dispersion of water- and oil-repellent and process for the production thereof | |
CN103881030B (zh) | 一种含氟氨基硅油乳液的制备方法 | |
CN105369621A (zh) | 纺织品无氟防水剂及其制备方法、纺织品 | |
CN110527014A (zh) | 一种无氟阳离子聚丙烯酸酯防水剂及其制备方法 | |
CN112029032A (zh) | 一种耐久型织物防水整理剂的制备方法及其产品 | |
CN110699961A (zh) | 一种无氟防水剂的制备方法及制得的无氟防水剂 | |
CN110485159B (zh) | 包含遥爪聚合物的高效无氟防水剂的制备方法 | |
TWI226346B (en) | Nano fluorinated water-and oil-repellent and process for producing the same | |
CN109422850A (zh) | 自交联含氟大分子乳化剂、含所述乳化剂的含氟乳液、其制备及使用方法 | |
CN116289215A (zh) | 棉用短链含氟聚丙烯酸酯三防整理剂、制备方法及其应用 | |
CN111269462A (zh) | 一种改性的云母粉复合材料及其制备和应用 | |
Li et al. | Study on preparing novel cross-linked and fluorinated acrylate latex | |
CN111944106B (zh) | 一种含叔胺高分子刷接枝纳米二氧化硅的复配型拒水剂 | |
EP4269454A1 (en) | Water-repellent organic fine particles having slip prevention effect |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |