CN112941528A - 一种06Cr19Ni10增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法 - Google Patents
一种06Cr19Ni10增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种增材制造产品表皮半熔化粉末颗粒的去除方法,本发明中去除方法属于化学处理方法,依靠化学反应将粘结的金属粉末颗粒溶解或剥离,同时利用流体力学原理,在一定压力下将酸性溶液注入夹层内腔,克服了产品结构限制,溶液可全程无死角浸润零件内腔,能够实现不留死角彻底去除薄壁夹层内腔粘结的粉末颗粒,消除粉末颗粒脱落形成多余物的风险,同时不会引进新的多余物。另外,化学处理无加工应力,不会引起薄壁夹层零件出现变形等缺陷。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于增材制造后处理技术领域,具体是去除06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔表面半熔化金属粉末颗粒的工艺方法,该方法可彻底去除内腔表面粘结的粉末颗粒,消除工况条件下粉末颗粒脱落形成多余物的风险,同时显著降低表面粗糙度,提高产品工艺性能。
背景技术
为适应液体火箭发动机小批量、轻质化、整体化的要求,增材制造技术在航天液体动力型号研制中发挥着越来越重要的作用。但金属增材制造技术所特有的“球化效应”及“粉末粘附”问题,造成表面粗糙度过高,而表面粗糙度过高显著影响了液体动力系统构件的使用性能(影响扬程、效率),甚至表皮部位半熔化的粘附粉末颗粒在650℃高温、高速燃气流冲刷环境下极易脱落,形成多余物引起发动机工作失效。
针对以上情况,通常采用磨粒流对内腔颗粒进行清理,对于人工接触不到的微小孔和凹凸不平的表面清理效果较好。但针对薄壁夹层、窄流道等复杂结构,磨粒流很难彻底去除残留在内腔死角的粉末颗粒,并且磨削颗粒易在死角部位堆积,无法彻底排除,存在引进多余物风险。同时,磨粒流压力过小,磨削颗粒很难顺利通过复杂内腔及窄小流道,但压力过大可能会引起薄壁零件局部变形。
经查阅大量资料和咨询较多企业,利用模拟件开展验证试验,现有常规的机械方法很难将薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒彻底去除。
发明内容
本发明的技术解决问题是:克服现有技术的不足之处,配制合适的酸性化学处理溶液,利用流体力学原理在一定压力下持续注入产品内腔,依靠溶液与粉末颗粒发生化学反应,对粉末颗粒进行溶解、剥离,并随溶液流出内腔;能够实现不留死角,彻底去除薄壁夹层内腔粘附的粉末颗粒,消除粉末颗粒脱落形成多余物的风险,同时不会引起薄壁零件形变,不会引进新的多余物。
本发明的技术解决方案是:
06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,包括下列步骤:
(1)除油
采用化学除油方式,将零件夹层内腔油污清洗干净,具体工艺如下:
(2)活化
为了提高零件表面活性,采用下面方法进行活化处理:
HCl(化学纯) 200~250g/L
温度 室温
时间 5~10min
(3)化学处理
为除去零件表面的粉末颗粒,降低表面粗糙度,采用下面方法进行处理:
(4)水枪冲洗
采用水枪对零件内腔进行冲洗,清洗内腔残留的酸液及化学反应的腐蚀产物等。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是:
(1)本发明中去除方法属于化学处理方法,依靠化学反应将粉末颗粒溶解或剥离,同时利用流体力学原理,在一定压力下溶液可全程无死角浸润零件内腔,克服了产品结构限制,能够实现不留死角彻底去除薄壁夹层内腔粘附的粉末颗粒,消除粉末颗粒脱落形成多余物的风险,同时不会引进新的多余物。
(2)该方法与常规机械方法相比,不受产品结构、尺寸、材料硬度及强度限制,能够对不同部位粉末颗粒均匀去除,且化学处理后产品无形变、无加工应力等缺陷。
(3)该工艺方案操作简单,易于控制,效率高、成本低,工艺稳定及重现性较好。
(4)适用性强,特别适用于薄壁夹层、多内腔、窄流道等复杂型腔粉末颗粒的去除。
具体实施方式
下述实施例是为了更好地说明本发明的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的实施效果,但本发明并不仅限于以下实施例。
实施例1
将增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部除油活化后,在进行化学处理时,HCl含量为35g/L、HNO3含量为140g/L、FeCL3含量为150g/L,Fe(NO3)3含量为220g/L,六次甲基四胺含量为2g/L,溶液温度为40℃,在0.1MPa压力下对内腔粉末颗粒化学处理2min,化学处理后水枪冲洗零件内腔。
经过上述处理后的增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部采用内窥镜对夹层内腔进行检查,内表面无粘附的金属粉末颗粒存在,另外,化学反应无加工应力,且处理过程中工作压力远低于产品实际工况,经CT检查薄壁夹层无变形情况,本发明的方法可靠有效。
实施例2
将增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部除油活化后,在进行化学处理时,HCl含量为45g/L、HNO3含量为170g/L、FeCL3含量为200g/L,Fe(NO3)3含量为260g/L,六次甲基四胺含量为5g/L,溶液温度为50℃,在0.3MPa压力下对内腔粉末颗粒化学处理4min,化学处理后水枪冲洗零件内腔。
经过上述处理后的增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部采用内窥镜对夹层内腔进行检查,内表面无粘附的金属粉末颗粒存在,另外,化学反应无加工应力,且处理过程中工作压力远低于产品实际工况,经CT检查薄壁夹层无变形情况,本发明的方法可靠有效。
实施例3
将增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部除油活化后,在进行化学处理时,HCl含量为35g/L、HNO3含量为170g/L、FeCL3含量为150g/L,Fe(NO3)3含量为220g/L,六次甲基四胺含量为2g/L,溶液温度为40℃,在0.1MPa压力下对内腔粉末颗粒化学处理2min,化学处理后水枪冲洗零件内腔。
经过上述处理后的增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部采用内窥镜对夹层内腔进行检查,内表面无粘附的金属粉末颗粒存在,另外,化学反应无加工应力,且处理过程中工作压力远低于产品实际工况,经CT检查薄壁夹层无变形情况,本发明的方法可靠有效。
实施例4
将增材制造不锈钢零件除油活化后,在进行化学处理时,HCl含量为45g/L、HNO3含量为140g/L、FeCl3含量为200g/L,Fe(NO3)3含量为260g/L,六次甲基四胺含量为5g/L,溶液温度为50℃,在0.3MPa压力下对内腔粉末颗粒化学处理4min,化学处理后水枪冲洗零件内腔。
经过上述处理后的增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部采用内窥镜对夹层内腔进行检查,内表面无粘附的金属粉末颗粒存在,另外,化学反应无加工应力,且处理过程中工作压力远低于产品实际工况,经CT检查薄壁夹层无变形情况,本发明的方法可靠有效。
实施例5
将增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部除油活化后,在进行化学处理时,HCl含量为45g/L、HNO3含量为170g/L、FeCl3含量为150g/L,Fe(NO3)3含量为220g/L,六次甲基四胺含量为5g/L,溶液温度为40℃,在0.1MPa压力下对内腔粉末颗粒化学处理2min,化学处理后水枪冲洗零件内腔。
经过上述处理后的增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部采用内窥镜对夹层内腔进行检查,内表面无粘附的金属粉末颗粒存在,另外,化学反应无加工应力,且处理过程中工作压力远低于产品实际工况,经CT检查薄壁夹层无变形情况,本发明的方法可靠有效。
实施例6
将增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部除油活化后,在进行化学处理时,HCl含量为35g/L、HNO3含量为140g/L、FeCl3含量为200g/L,Fe(NO3)3含量为260g/L,六次甲基四胺含量为2g/L,溶液温度为50℃,在0.3MPa压力下对内腔粉末颗粒化学处理4min,化学处理后水枪冲洗零件内腔。
经过上述处理后的增材制造06Cr19Ni10身部采用内窥镜对夹层内腔进行检查,内表面无粘附的金属粉末颗粒存在,另外,化学反应无加工应力,且处理过程中工作压力远低于产品实际工况,经CT检查薄壁夹层无变形情况,本发明的方法可靠有效。
Claims (8)
1.06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层构件内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
(1)对待处理的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构进行表面化学除油,进行化学除油时采用的除油溶液及工艺条件如下:
(2)对步骤(1)进行化学除油后的待处理的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层构件进行活化处理,进行活化处理时采用的活化溶液及工艺条件如下:
HCl 200~250g/L
温度 室温
时间 5~10min
(3)对步骤(2)进行活化处理后的待处理的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层构件进行化学处理,进行化学处理时采用的化学溶液及工艺条件如下:
(4)对步骤(3)进行化学处理后的待处理的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构采用水枪进行冲洗,得到内腔粉末颗粒去除后的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层构件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于:所述的化学溶液采用压力泵对待处理的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层构件进行注入式流动清理。
3.根据权利要求1所述的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,HCl为化学纯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,HCl为化学纯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,HNO3为化学纯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,FeCl3为化学纯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,Fe(NO3)3为化学纯。
8.根据权利要求1所述的06Cr19Ni10材料增材制造薄壁夹层结构内腔粉末颗粒的去除方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,六次甲基四胺为化学纯。
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