CN112940408A - 一种wpc专用相框材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种WPC专用相框材料及其制备方法，包括PVC树脂、木质纤维、填充剂、环保钙锌稳定剂、丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂、发泡剂、硅烷偶联剂、其余为助剂、润滑剂和颜料；本发明利用木质纤维和PVC树脂复合发泡制成的复合材料可以代替传统PVC发泡和PVC木塑材料，具有更加环保、加工简单、不存在杂质、强度和刚性高的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种WPC专用相框材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
相框料一般用于制造相框所使用，以前的相框材料都是采用实木切割加工而成，成本相对较高，且需要在表面涂一层防腐蚀的漆，重量也比较重，经过多年的改革和技术发展，采用传统PVC发泡和PVC木塑材料进行制造，但此类材料具有木粉分散不好、加工困难、含有有机在杂质等缺点，也无法完全应用到相框制造领域中。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种更加环保、加工简单、不存在杂质、强度和刚性高的WPC专用相框材料。
为解决上述问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种WPC专用相框材料，包括以下重量按百分比含量组成：
PVC树脂100份
木质纤维15份
填充剂20份
环保钙锌稳定剂8份
丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂10份
发泡剂2份
硅烷偶联剂1份
其余为助剂、润滑剂和颜料
进一步的技术方案为，所述填充剂为工业用碳酸钙。
进一步的技术方案为，所述发泡剂为NaHCO3。
进一步的技术方案为，所述颜料为钛白粉。
进一步的技术方案为，所述助剂为发泡促进剂、发泡调节剂、成核剂、处理剂的一种或两种以上的混合物。
一种WPC专用相框材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)、首先把PVC树脂、木质纤维和填充剂在高速混合机组中高速混合；
2)、然后把步骤1)中混合好的材料倒入到锥形双螺杆挤出机中，倒入的过程中加入环保钙锌稳定剂、丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂、发泡剂、硅烷偶联剂、助剂、润滑剂和颜料，最后在室温下冷却成品。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明利用木质纤维和PVC树脂复合发泡制成的复合材料可以代替传统PVC发泡和PVC木塑材料，具有更加环保、加工简单、不存在杂质、强度和刚性高的特点。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的优选实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例一
PVC树脂100份
木质纤维15份
填充剂20份
环保钙锌稳定剂8份
丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂10份
发泡剂2份
硅烷偶联剂1份
其余为助剂、润滑剂和颜料
一种WPC专用相框材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)、首先把PVC树脂、木质纤维和填充剂在高速混合机组中高速混合；
2)、然后把步骤1)中混合好的材料倒入到锥形双螺杆挤出机中，倒入的过程中加入环保钙锌稳定剂、丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂、发泡剂、硅烷偶联剂、助剂、润滑剂和颜料，最后在室温下冷却成品。
WPC专用相框料重要组分是木质纤维，木质纤维填充的热塑性塑料具有外观木质感强，尺寸稳定性和刚性等性能均比未添加木质纤维的产品好，耐水性和耐候性比木粉制成的产品好，其填充生产出来的产品质轻价廉、对加工设备磨损小。未经过处理的木质纤维，由于木质纤维的亲水性和疏水的塑料之间的粘合力很小，此外木质纤维的弹性模量较高、易团聚、分散差，导致制品脆性变大。所以生产前一定要将木质纤维进行处理。
首先，要排除木质纤维中的水分，木质纤维的水分是逐渐释放出来的，无论怎么处理都会含有一点水分，只能最大限度地减少其水分。只有这样才能控制住气泡的成长，得到细小、均匀的泡孔结构。
其次是木质纤维优化处理，经过处理的木质纤维与无机填料、基体树脂之间的相容性得到明显的改善,同时也可改善木质纤维与聚合物之间的界面状况。将木质纤维与处理剂、偶联剂、交联剂等进行脱脂处理，主要通过木质纤维的活化、偶联作用后，使其与木木质纤维混合,能充分浸润木质纤维以及均匀地覆盖在木粉表面,将木质纤维外层进行包覆，形成一层膜状结构，使木质纤维能更均匀的分散在产品中，木质纤维与其他组分更好的结合，从而提高其与聚合物基体的粘接。传统的木塑发泡制品需加入如玻璃纤维或者碳纤维等才能具有很好的刚性和强度。而木质纤维在保持了原有性能的基础上，增强了产品的强度和刚性的同时，又比添加玻璃纤维和碳纤维价格便宜，易于加工。由于木粉木有极性较强，给加工带来很大的不便，木质纤维的应用完全消除这方面的影响。
将PVC树脂作为WPC体系的另一主要组份，是因为WPC专用相框料PVC树脂的选用与不发泡产品不同，选择不当会影响发泡效果。WPC专用相框料的挤出过程是结皮发泡过程，故PVC树脂应选用悬浮法疏松型，以利于树脂与其它助剂的结合及加工过程中的塑化。同时，为有利于气泡的分散与膨胀，WPC专用相框料的发泡工艺要求PVC熔体有很好的流动性。所以，PVC树脂一般选用分子量较小，K值在57－60之间的低粘度PVC树脂，如SG7和SG8型。
WPC专用相框料中发泡剂的应用也很关键，发泡剂分为吸热和放热型的，由于他们分解形式不同而影响熔体的粘弹态和泡孔形态，不同类型的发泡剂得到的泡孔大小差异较大，吸热型发泡剂可冷却基体和稳定泡孔的作用。NaHCO3就是吸热型发泡剂。发泡剂的应用，可以使WPC专用相框料得到均匀、独立性好的泡孔结构，使PVC熔体既有充分的流动性，既保证发泡剂分解的气体形成均匀的、细小的气泡，又能有足够的强度防止并泡破泡现象发生，从而得到良好的WPC产品。
WPC专用相框料中还有一个组分也比较关键，这个组分就是发泡调节剂，发泡调节剂能够促使WPC产品塑化效果更好；发泡更细密、均匀；发泡倍率更高；有效降低制品密度。热稳定剂可以起到发泡促进剂的作用
另外不需要单独加入成核剂，碳酸钙可以起到成核剂的作用。
加工设备和工艺：
高速混合、冷却机组:SRLW300/200型,张家港机械厂；锥形双螺杆挤出机:SJZ65/132型,张家港机械厂；
挤出机的各段温度分布与WPC制品的泡孔结构和分布密切相关，并最终影响到发泡制品的密度和力学性能，因此，为了得到良好的、均匀的泡孔结构，必须精确控制挤出机的各段温度，这就对温控系统提出更高的要求，对其精度要高只有这样达到生产出优良产品的目的。
双螺杆各区温度分布：
随着塑木复合材料制品的工业化，应用研究者发现了塑木复合材料制品的缺陷，应用者也对其提出了更高的要求：要做到抗老化防脱色、提高使用寿命；对室内门窗及装饰件材料要有良好的阻燃性能；承载类塑木制品要有很高的力学性能，需要进行增强、提高抗蠕变性。随着节能呼声的提高，对塑木复合制品的节能效果提出了更高的要求。因此WPC制品正朝着功能化、高附加值方向发展：阻燃型、增强型、抗老化型、抗蠕变型、保温隔热型等。此外，wpc复合材料的选材也朝多样化、多品种方向发展。
在成型工艺方面，挤出成型工艺是当前WPC复合制品成型加工的主流方法。随着制品的多样化，对挤出工艺提出了更高的要求，其研发方向是多层复合共挤、包覆共挤、塑料/塑木共挤等。
WPC还有许多优点：①耐酸碱、耐化学晶、耐盐水性好；②对低温有优势；③耐紫外光；④不腐烂、不开裂或翘曲；⑤耐振动等。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本实用新保护范围为准。
Claims (6)
1.一种WPC专用相框材料，其特征在于：包括以下按重量百分比组成：
PVC树脂100份
木质纤维15份
填充剂20份
环保钙锌稳定剂8份
丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂10份
发泡剂2份
硅烷偶联剂1份
其余为助剂、润滑剂和颜料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种WPC专用相框材料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述填充剂为工业用碳酸钙。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种WPC专用相框材料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为NaHCO3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种WPC专用相框材料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述颜料为钛白粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种WPC专用相框材料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述助剂为发泡促进剂、发泡调节剂、成核剂、处理剂的一种或两种以上的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种WPC专用相框材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1)、首先把PVC树脂、木质纤维和填充剂在高速混合机组中高速混合；
2)、然后把步骤1)中混合好的材料倒入到锥形双螺杆挤出机中，倒入的过程中加入环保钙锌稳定剂、丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂、发泡剂、硅烷偶联剂、助剂、润滑剂和颜料，最后在室温下冷却成品。
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| JP2008207364A (ja) * | 2007-02-23 | 2008-09-11 | Hatsupoo Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 艶消し木質調木口材及びその製造方法 |
| CN102336978A (zh) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | 棉秆粉/聚氯乙烯结皮发泡复合材料及其成型工艺 |
| CN105860354A (zh) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江金立达新材料科技股份有限公司 | Wpc专用相框料及其制作方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008207364A (ja) * | 2007-02-23 | 2008-09-11 | Hatsupoo Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 艶消し木質調木口材及びその製造方法 |
| CN102336978A (zh) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | 棉秆粉/聚氯乙烯结皮发泡复合材料及其成型工艺 |
| CN105860354A (zh) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江金立达新材料科技股份有限公司 | Wpc专用相框料及其制作方法 |
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