CN112930776A - Telescopic earthing device with dial material compression roller - Google Patents

Telescopic earthing device with dial material compression roller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112930776A
CN112930776A CN202110353857.1A CN202110353857A CN112930776A CN 112930776 A CN112930776 A CN 112930776A CN 202110353857 A CN202110353857 A CN 202110353857A CN 112930776 A CN112930776 A CN 112930776A
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China
Prior art keywords
telescopic
soil
frame
roller
sides
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CN202110353857.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱新华
李洪春
张志毅
赵怀松
肖佩江
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Northwest A&F University
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Northwest A&F University
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Priority to CN202110353857.1A priority Critical patent/CN112930776A/en
Publication of CN112930776A publication Critical patent/CN112930776A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a telescopic soil covering device with a material shifting compression roller, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment. A telescopic soil covering device with a material poking compression roller at least comprises a telescopic rack, a telescopic material poking compression roller, a soil throwing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a depth wheel. The telescopic frame is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to extend and retract to two sides; the telescopic material shifting compression roller is connected with the telescopic rack through a lifting mechanism and is positioned between the blanking area and the soil throwing mechanism; the soil throwing mechanism comprises two soil throwing wheels which are arranged at two sides behind the telescopic rack and are staggered in tandem; the depth wheels are arranged on two sides of the telescopic frame to adjust the depth of the soil throwing wheel. The soil covering device can transversely widen and pave the spreading materials according to the required width, and uniformly cover the soil above the spreading material layer, so that the soil covering device is suitable for the condition that the ground surface needs to be covered in agricultural production, and is particularly suitable for the material spreading and soil covering operation of layered covering of orchard straw matrix and soil.

Description

Telescopic earthing device with dial material compression roller
Technical Field
The invention discloses a telescopic soil covering device with a material pushing and pressing roller, belongs to the field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a material spreading and soil covering operation device for orchard straw matrix covering.
Background
Fertile soil is the key for healthy growth of fruit trees and improvement of fruit quality. In agricultural production, reasonable soil management is usually required for orchards in order to improve the soil moisture storage and preservation capacity of soil and the content of organic matters in soil. The orchard straw covering technology is used as an effective soil management technology, reasonable straw covering is carried out on the earth surface between rows of the orchard, evaporation of water on the earth surface of the orchard can be reduced, and the utilization rate of water of fruit trees is improved; meanwhile, the surface temperature of the orchard garden can be effectively adjusted, the content of organic matters in soil is increased, and the quality and the yield of orchard fruits in a dry area are greatly improved.
Meanwhile, in order to prevent the straws in the rows of the orchard from being blown up by wind and avoid fire, a layer of thin soil needs to be covered above the straw layer, so that a corresponding soil covering device needs to be matched behind the orchard straw covering machine, and the layered covering of the straws and the soil in the orchard is realized. At present, soil covering devices capable of realizing layered covering of straws and soil in an orchard exist in China, for example, a throwing type soil covering device disclosed in patent CN191719746243.3 solves the problems of uneven soil covering and poor continuity in straw covering operation; however, the earthing device still has disadvantages. For example, when the existing orchard straw covering machine works, the fallen straws are loose due to the fact that the weight of the straws is light, and the uniformity of spreading and earthing operations is affected; in addition, the covering machine can only cover the straws with a specific width, the straw covering width is consistent with the width of the discharge hole, and the covering machine cannot be suitable for the soil covering operation of the orchard straw substrate layered covering with different row widths.
In order to solve the defects, the invention discloses a telescopic soil covering device with a material shifting compression roller, which is matched with a corresponding covering machine or a tractor for use, spreads the paving materials spread on the ground surface according to the required width through the telescopic material shifting compression roller, plays a role of leveling, and uniformly covers soil above the paving layer, so that the paving and soil covering operation is more uniform, the coverage area is smoother, the telescopic soil covering device can be suitable for orchards with different line widths to carry out paving and soil covering operation of layering and covering straw matrixes among lines, and the adaptability of the soil covering device is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the utility model discloses a telescopic earthing device with dial material compression roller, the device will spread the stone that spills on the earth's surface through telescopic dial material compression roller and widen according to required width to play the effect of paving, reuse soil covers uniformly above the stone layer, makes stone earthing operation more even, and the coverage area is more level and more smooth.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the method is used for improving the spreading width adaptability of orchard ground spreading and covering machinery and the uniformity of spreading and covering operation.
In order to solve the technical problem to be solved by the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a telescopic earthing device with dial material compression roller which characterized in that includes flexible frame 3 at least, telescopic dial material compression roller 5, throwing native mechanism 7, hoist mechanism 2 and depth wheel 1.
The telescopic rack 3 is positioned in front of the soil covering device and comprises a fixed rack 9 and a telescopic rack 8; the fixed frame 9 and the telescopic frame 8 are both frame structures fixedly connected by square steel; the front cross beam 19 of the fixing frame is articulated with a covering machine or a tractor; the telescopic frames 8 are positioned at two sides of the fixed frame 9, are in nested fit with the fixed frame front cross beam 19 and the fixed frame rear cross beam 20, and have relative sliding; a hydraulic cylinder 6 is arranged in the middle of the rear cross beam 20 of the fixing frame, and the extending end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected with an expansion bracket 8; the fixed frame front beam 19, the fixed frame rear beam 20 and the telescopic frame 8 enclose a blanking area 4.
The soil throwing mechanism 7 is positioned behind the soil covering device and at least comprises a soil throwing rack 11, a soil throwing wheel 10 and a hydraulic motor 12; the soil throwing machine frame 11 is fixedly connected to the telescopic frame rear cross beams 22 on the two sides of the telescopic frame 3, and the two soil throwing wheels 10 and the hydraulic motor 12 are respectively arranged on the soil throwing machine frames 11 on the two sides; in order to ensure the uniformity of the soil covering operation, the two soil throwing wheels 10 are staggered in tandem and driven by a hydraulic motor 12 to throw soil to the inner side; the thickness and the uniformity of the soil covering operation are adjusted by controlling the soil penetration depth of the soil throwing wheel 10 and the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor 12; the distance between the two soil throwing wheels 10 is adjusted by controlling the expansion and contraction of the expansion bracket 8 through the hydraulic cylinder 6.
The telescopic material poking press roller 5 is positioned below a fixed frame rear cross beam 21 of the telescopic rack 3, between the blanking area 4 and the soil throwing mechanism 7, and comprises a roller 13, a helical blade 14, an elastic element 15 and a shaft head 16.
The roller 13 is composed of a plurality of sections, the inner wall of each section of roller 13 is fixedly connected with a certain number of sliding strips 17 along the axial direction, the sliding strips 17 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the roller 13 and extend out of the outer end of the roller 13, sliding grooves 18 along the axial direction are formed between adjacent sliding strips 17, and the sections of the roller 13 are nested and matched with the sliding grooves 18 through the sliding strips 17 and form a sliding pair; in order to ensure the stability of the operation, the relative sliding length of the sliding strip 17 and the sliding groove 18 between the sections of the roller 13 does not exceed half of the length of the single section of the roller 13; every two sections of rollers 13 are connected through an elastic element 15, and the elastic element 15 is tightly attached to the inner wall of each roller 13 and is arranged between the rollers 13; the telescopic frame 8 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 6 to stretch and retract towards two sides to drive the rollers 13 at two ends to slide along the axial direction, and each roller 13 in the middle slides along the axial direction by being pulled by the elastic element 15, so that synchronous stretching among the rollers 13 is realized; the shaft heads 16 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the rollers 13 on the two sides of the telescopic material poking and pressing roller 5 respectively and meet the concentric requirement with the rollers 13; the helical blades 14 are fixedly connected on the cylindrical surface of the outer wall of the roller 13, and the helical blades 14 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axial middle plane of the telescopic material stirring press roller 5; along the operation advancing direction, the rotating direction of the helical blade 14 on the right roller 13 of the telescopic material stirring press roller 5 is left-handed, and the rotating direction of the helical blade 14 on the left roller 13 is right-handed, so that the paving material is widened towards two sides along the transverse direction.
The lifting mechanism 2 comprises a lifting rod 23 and a straight chute 24; one end of the lifting rod 23 is connected with the front cross beams 21 of the telescopic frames on two sides of the telescopic frame 3 in a hinged mode, the other end of the lifting rod is connected with the shaft heads 16 on two ends of the telescopic material poking press roller 5 in a hole-shaft matching mode, and the lifting rod and the telescopic frame rotate relatively; the straight sliding groove 24 is of a U-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two sides of the telescopic frame 8; the lifting rod 23 rotates around the hinge point to adjust the ground clearance of the telescopic material poking press roller 5, and the lifting rod 23 moves in the straight chute 24 when rotating.
The left end and the right end of the telescopic material shifting compression roller 5 are hung on the front cross beams 21 of the telescopic frames on the two sides of the telescopic frame 3 through the lifting mechanisms 2; when the operation is needed, the telescopic material stirring press roller 5 is dropped to the ground through the lifting mechanism 2, so that the telescopic material stirring press roller 5 is in contact with the paving material to complete the widening operation, and the paving material can be paved; when not needing the operation, promote telescopic stirring material compression roller 5 through hoist mechanism 2 to articulate lifting rod 23 through the bolt or articulate the spindle nose 16 at telescopic stirring material compression roller 5 both ends through the couple, make telescopic stirring material compression roller 5 not contact with the stone.
The telescopic material poking press roller 5 is dragged by a covering machine or a tractor and rolls forwards; in order to increase the rolling friction coefficient between the telescopic stirring roller 5 and the ground, it is not excluded to attach some tooth-like structures to the outer wall of the drum 13 or to the side edges of the helical blades 14.
The depth wheels 1 are fixedly connected to two sides of the telescopic rack 3 and extend to two sides along with the telescopic rack 8; the soil covering device can adapt to the fluctuation of the ground in the operation process, and the height of the depth wheel 1 can be adjusted.
In the operation process, the telescopic material shifting press roller 5 is not required to be wrapped by a layer of telescopic elastic material to form sealing in the telescopic positions among the sections of the roller 13 in order to prevent the material blocking phenomenon from occurring at the telescopic positions among the sections of the roller 13, and is required to have certain strength and good wear resistance.
The utility model provides a telescopic earthing device with dial material compression roller which theory of operation as follows:
the telescopic soil covering device with the material shifting compression roller is matched with a corresponding covering machine or a tractor for use, can adjust the covering width of spread materials, widens the spread materials spread on the ground surface according to the required width through the telescopic material shifting compression roller, and plays a role in leveling; the specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows:
before the earthing device carries out earthing operation, the earthing device is connected with a covering machine or a tractor in a hanging mode, the earthing device is lifted to achieve reasonable ground clearance, the telescopic rack is contracted to an initial position, the width of the earthing device is small, and operation machines can conveniently run on a road or turn around. When the earthing device carries out earthing operation, firstly, the spreading and covering width is determined according to the row width of an orchard; when the width of the orchard row is too large, spreading needs to be widened for covering operation, at the moment, the distance between two soil throwing wheels is adjusted by controlling the hydraulic cylinder to stretch the telescopic rack to two sides, and meanwhile, the telescopic rack drives the telescopic material shifting compression roller to stretch to the corresponding width; then the soil covering device falls to the ground, and simultaneously the telescopic material poking compression roller falls to the lowest position and is limited by a U-shaped straight sliding chute; adjusting the height of the depth limiting wheel according to the thickness requirement of the soil covering operation to control the soil penetration depth of the soil throwing wheel; an external hydraulic system drives a hydraulic motor to rotate, the hydraulic motor transmits power to the soil throwing wheel to enable the soil throwing wheel to rotate, and the soil covering thickness and uniformity are controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor. The covering machine drops the paving materials to a blanking area along with the advance of the operation machine; the telescopic material shifting compression roller rolls forwards under the traction of the covering machine, widens the paving materials to two sides along the transverse direction, and meanwhile paves the paving materials; the soil throwing wheel takes soil from two sides to uniformly spread the soil above the spreading material with required thickness. After the earthing operation is finished, the hydraulic motor is stopped firstly, the earth throwing wheel stops operating, then the earthing device is lifted to a proper height, the telescopic rack is contracted to an initial position, the telescopic material poking press roller is lifted to the initial position, and the earthing operation is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the telescopic soil covering device with the material poking compression roller has the beneficial technical effects that: the spreading covering width can be adjusted; the uniformity of the spreading and soil covering operation can be improved. The device will spread the stone that spills at the earth's surface through telescopic stirring material compression roller and widen according to the width of requirement to play the effect of paving, cover soil again uniformly in the stone layer top, make stone earthing operation more even, the coverage area is more level and more smooth, can adapt to the orchard of different line widths and carry out the stone earthing operation that straw matrix layering covered between the rows, improved earthing device's adaptability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of a telescopic casing assembly having a kick-out roller;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a telescopic casing assembly with a kick-out roller;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a telescopic casing assembly with a kick-out roller in a non-operational state;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a telescopic casing assembly with a kick-out roller;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a telescopic casing assembly with a kick-out roller;
FIG. 6 is a view showing a non-operating state of a retractable feed pushing roller of the retractable covering device having the feed pushing roller;
FIG. 7 is a view showing an operational state of a telescopic stirring roller of the telescopic soil covering device having the stirring roller;
FIG. 8 is a view showing the construction of a single telescopic kick-out roller of a telescopic casing assembly having a kick-out roller;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the inside of a telescopic kick-off roller drum of a telescopic casing assembly having a kick-off roller;
fig. 10 is a structural view of a lifting mechanism of a telescopic soil covering device having a material-poking press roller.
Reference numerals:
1. depth limiting wheels 2, lifting mechanisms 3, telescopic frames 4, blanking areas 5, telescopic material shifting compression rollers 6, hydraulic cylinders 7, soil throwing mechanisms 8, telescopic frames 9, fixed frames 10, soil throwing wheels 11, soil throwing frames 12, hydraulic motors 13, rotary drums 14, helical blades 15, elastic elements 16, shaft heads 17, sliding strips 18, sliding chutes 19, fixed frame front beams 20, fixed frame rear beams 21, telescopic frame front beams 22, telescopic frame rear beams 23 and lifting rods 24.
Detailed Description
The telescopic casing device with the material poking and pressing roller of the invention is further described in the following by combining the attached drawings and the detailed description of the given specification. The prior art is adopted for all the components or the connection relations among the components which are not described in detail in the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the telescopic soil covering device with the material stirring press roller is characterized by at least comprising a telescopic frame 3, a telescopic material stirring press roller 5, a soil throwing mechanism 7, a lifting mechanism 2 and a depth wheel 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the telescopic frame 3 is located in front of the soil covering device and comprises a fixed frame 9 and a telescopic frame 8; the fixed frame 9 and the telescopic frame 8 are both frame structures fixedly connected by square steel; the front cross beam 19 of the fixing frame is articulated with a covering machine or a tractor; the telescopic frames 8 are positioned at two sides of the fixed frame 9, are in nested fit with the fixed frame front cross beam 19 and the fixed frame rear cross beam 20, and have relative sliding; a hydraulic cylinder 6 is arranged in the middle of the rear cross beam 20 of the fixing frame, and the extending end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected with an expansion bracket 8; the fixed frame front beam 19, the fixed frame rear beam 20 and the telescopic frame 8 enclose a blanking area 4.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the soil throwing mechanism 7 is located behind the soil covering device and at least comprises a soil throwing rack 11, a soil throwing wheel 10 and a hydraulic motor 12; the soil throwing machine frame 11 is fixedly connected to the telescopic frame rear cross beams 22 on the two sides of the telescopic frame 3, and the two soil throwing wheels 10 and the hydraulic motor 12 are respectively arranged on the soil throwing machine frames 11 on the two sides; in order to ensure the uniformity of the soil covering operation, the two soil throwing wheels 10 are staggered in tandem and driven by a hydraulic motor 12 to throw soil to the inner side; the thickness and the uniformity of the soil covering operation are adjusted by controlling the soil penetration depth of the soil throwing wheel 10 and the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor 12; the distance between the two soil throwing wheels 10 is adjusted by controlling the expansion and contraction of the expansion bracket 8 through the hydraulic cylinder 6.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the telescopic material-poking press roller 5 is located below the rear cross beam 21 of the fixed frame of the telescopic frame 3 and between the blanking area 4 and the soil-throwing mechanism 7; as shown in fig. 6 and 9, the telescopic kickoff roller 5 comprises a roller 13, a helical blade 14, an elastic element 15 and a shaft head 16.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the roller 13 is composed of a plurality of sections, a certain number of sliding strips 17 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of each section of the roller 13 along the axial direction, the sliding strips 17 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the roller 13 and extend out of the outer end of the roller 13, an axial sliding groove 18 is formed between the adjacent sliding strips 17, and the sections of the roller 13 are nested and matched with the sliding groove 18 through the sliding strips 17 to form a moving pair; in order to ensure the stability of the operation, the relative sliding length of the sliding strip 17 and the sliding groove 18 between the sections of the roller 13 does not exceed half of the length of the single section of the roller 13; as shown in fig. 9, every two sections of rollers 13 are connected through an elastic element 15, and the elastic element 15 is arranged between the sections of rollers 13 in a manner of clinging to the inner wall of the rollers 13; as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the telescopic frame 8 to extend and retract towards two sides to drive the rollers 13 at two ends to slide along the axial direction, and each roller 13 in the middle slides along the axial direction under the pulling of the elastic element 15, so that the synchronous extension and retraction among the rollers 13 are realized; the shaft heads 16 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the rollers 13 on the two sides of the telescopic material poking and pressing roller 5 respectively and meet the concentric requirement with the rollers 13; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the helical blade 14 adopts a double-helical surface and is fixedly connected to the cylindrical surface of the outer wall of the roller 13, and the helical blade 14 is symmetrically arranged about the axial middle plane of the telescopic material-poking press roller 5; along the operation advancing direction, the rotating direction of the helical blade 14 on the right roller 13 of the telescopic material stirring press roller 5 is left-handed, and the rotating direction of the helical blade 14 on the left roller 13 is right-handed, so that the paving material is widened towards two sides along the transverse direction.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 10, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a lifting rod 23 and a straight chute 24; one end of the lifting rod 23 is connected with the front cross beams 21 of the telescopic frames on two sides of the telescopic frame 3 in a hinged mode, the other end of the lifting rod is connected with the shaft heads 16 on two ends of the telescopic material poking press roller 5 in a hole-shaft matching mode, and the lifting rod and the telescopic frame rotate relatively; the straight sliding groove 24 is of a U-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two sides of the telescopic frame 8; the lifting rod 23 rotates around the hinge point to adjust the ground clearance of the telescopic material poking press roller 5, and the lifting rod 23 moves in the straight chute 24 when rotating.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 10, the left and right ends of the telescopic material-shifting press roll 5 are hung on the front cross beam 21 of the telescopic frame on both sides of the telescopic frame 3 through the lifting mechanism 2; when the operation is needed, the telescopic material stirring press roller 5 is dropped to the ground through the lifting mechanism 2, so that the telescopic material stirring press roller 5 is in contact with the paving material to complete the widening operation, and the paving material can be paved; when not needing the operation, promote telescopic stirring material compression roller 5 through hoist mechanism 2 to articulate lifting rod 23 through the bolt or articulate the spindle nose 16 at telescopic stirring material compression roller 5 both ends through the couple, make telescopic stirring material compression roller 5 not contact with the stone.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the telescopic kickoff roller 5 is pulled by a covering machine or tractor and rolls forward; in order to increase the rolling friction coefficient between the telescopic stirring roller 5 and the ground, it is not excluded to attach some tooth-like structures to the outer wall of the drum 13 or to the side edges of the helical blades 14.
As shown in fig. 1, the depth wheels 1 are fixedly connected to two sides of the telescopic frame 3 and extend and retract to two sides along with the telescopic frame 8; the soil covering device can adapt to the fluctuation of the ground in the operation process, and the height of the depth wheel 1 can be adjusted.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, in order to prevent the material blocking phenomenon from occurring at the stretching position between the sections of the roller 13 during the operation of the telescopic material-shifting compression roller 5, it is not excluded that the stretching position between the sections of the roller 13 is wrapped with a layer of telescopic elastic material to form a seal, and the seal is required to have certain strength and good wear resistance.
Further explaining the working principle of the telescopic soil covering device with the material poking compression roller, disclosed by the invention, comprises the following steps:
the telescopic soil covering device with the material shifting compression roller is matched with a corresponding covering machine or a tractor for use, and the spreading materials spread on the ground surface are widened according to the required width through the telescopic material shifting compression roller, so that the spreading effect is achieved; the specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows:
before the earthing device carries out earthing operation, the earthing device is connected with a covering machine or a tractor in a hanging mode, the earthing device is lifted to achieve reasonable ground clearance, the telescopic rack is contracted to an initial position, the width of the earthing device is small, and operation machines can conveniently run on a road or turn around. When the earthing device carries out earthing operation, firstly, the spreading and covering width is determined according to the row width of an orchard; when the width of the orchard row is too large, spreading needs to be widened for covering operation, at the moment, the distance between two soil throwing wheels is adjusted by controlling the hydraulic cylinder to stretch the telescopic rack to two sides, and meanwhile, the telescopic rack drives the telescopic material shifting compression roller to stretch to the corresponding width; then the soil covering device falls to the ground, and simultaneously the telescopic material poking compression roller falls to the lowest position and is limited by a U-shaped straight sliding chute; adjusting the height of the depth limiting wheel according to the thickness requirement of the soil covering operation to control the soil penetration depth of the soil throwing wheel; an external hydraulic system drives a hydraulic motor to rotate, the hydraulic motor transmits power to the soil throwing wheel to enable the soil throwing wheel to rotate, and the soil covering thickness and uniformity are controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor. The covering machine drops the paving materials to a blanking area along with the advance of the operation machine; the telescopic material shifting compression roller rolls forwards under the traction of the covering machine, widens the paving materials to two sides along the transverse direction, and meanwhile paves the paving materials; the soil throwing wheel takes soil from two sides to uniformly spread the soil above the spreading material with required thickness. After the earthing operation is finished, the hydraulic motor is stopped firstly, the earth throwing wheel stops operating, then the earthing device is lifted to a proper height, the telescopic rack is contracted to an initial position, the telescopic material poking press roller is lifted to the initial position, and the earthing operation is finished.

Claims (5)

1.一种具有拨料压辊的伸缩式覆土装置,其特征在于,至少包括伸缩机架(3)、伸缩式拨料压辊(5)、抛土机构(7)、提升机构(2)和限深轮(1);1. A telescopic soil covering device with a material-removing pressure roller, characterized in that it at least comprises a telescopic frame (3), a telescopic material-removing pressure roller (5), a soil throwing mechanism (7), and a lifting mechanism (2) and depth-limiting wheel (1); 所述伸缩机架(3)位于覆土装置的前方,包含固定架(9)和伸缩架(8);固定架(9)和伸缩架(8)均是由方钢固连而成的框架结构;固定架前横梁(19)与覆盖机或拖拉机挂接;伸缩架(8)位于固定架(9)的两侧,与固定架前横梁(19)和固定架后横梁(20)形成嵌套配合,并具有相对滑动;固定架后横梁(20)中间位置安装有液压缸(6),液压缸(6)的伸出端与伸缩架(8)连接;固定架前横梁(19)、固定架后横梁(20)和伸缩架(8)围成落料区(4);The telescopic frame (3) is located in front of the soil-covering device, and includes a fixed frame (9) and a telescopic frame (8); both the fixed frame (9) and the telescopic frame (8) are frame structures formed by solidly connecting square steel. ; The front beam (19) of the fixed frame is connected to the cover machine or tractor; the telescopic frame (8) is located on both sides of the fixed frame (9), and forms a nest with the front beam (19) of the fixed frame and the rear beam (20) of the fixed frame A hydraulic cylinder (6) is installed in the middle of the rear beam (20) of the fixed frame, and the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is connected with the telescopic frame (8); the front beam (19) of the fixed frame, the fixed frame The rear beam (20) and the telescopic frame (8) surround the blanking area (4); 所述抛土机构(7)位于覆土装置的后方,至少包含抛土机架(11)、抛土轮(10)和液压马达(12);抛土机架(11)固连在伸缩机架(3)两侧的伸缩架后横梁(22)上,两个抛土轮(10)和液压马达(12)分别安装在两侧的抛土机架(11)上;两个抛土轮(10)一前一后交错布置,靠液压马达(12)驱动,向内侧进行抛土作业;通过液压缸(6)控制伸缩架(8)的伸缩来调节两个抛土轮(10)的间距;The soil throwing mechanism (7) is located behind the soil covering device, and at least includes a soil throwing frame (11), a soil throwing wheel (10) and a hydraulic motor (12); the soil throwing frame (11) is fixedly connected to the telescopic frame (3) On the rear beams (22) of the telescopic frames on both sides, two throwing wheels (10) and hydraulic motors (12) are respectively installed on the throwing frames (11) on both sides; 10) The staggered arrangement in front and rear is driven by the hydraulic motor (12) to throw soil inward; the hydraulic cylinder (6) controls the expansion and contraction of the telescopic frame (8) to adjust the distance between the two soil throwing wheels (10). ; 所述伸缩式拨料压辊(5)位于伸缩机架(3)的固定架后横梁(21)下方,落料区(4)与抛土机构(7)之间,包含滚筒(13)、螺旋叶片(14)、弹性元件(15)和轴头(16);The telescopic material pulling roller (5) is located under the rear beam (21) of the fixed frame of the telescopic frame (3), between the material blanking area (4) and the soil throwing mechanism (7), and includes a roller (13), helical blade (14), elastic element (15) and shaft head (16); 滚筒(13)由多节组成,各节滚筒(13)内壁沿轴向固连有一定数量的滑条(17),滑条(17)沿滚筒(13)内壁圆周方向均匀布置并伸出滚筒(13)外端,相邻滑条(17)之间构成沿轴向的滑槽(18);滚筒(13)各节之间通过滑条(17)与滑槽(18)进行嵌套配合,并构成移动副;其中滚筒(13)各节之间滑条(17)与滑槽(18)相对滑移的长度不超过单节滚筒(13)长度的一半;每两节滚筒(13)之间通过弹性元件(15)连接,弹性元件(15)贴紧滚筒(13)内壁安装在各节滚筒(13)之间;通过液压缸(6)驱动伸缩架(8)向两侧伸缩带动两端的滚筒(13)沿轴向滑移,中间各节滚筒(13)通过弹性元件(15)拉动沿轴向滑移;轴头(16)分别固连在伸缩式拨料压辊(5)两侧的滚筒(13)外侧,与滚筒(13)满足同心的要求;螺旋叶片(14)固连在滚筒(13)外壁圆柱面上,且螺旋叶片(14)关于伸缩式拨料压辊(5)的轴向中间平面对称布置;沿作业前进方向,伸缩式拨料压辊(5)右侧滚筒(13)上的螺旋叶片(14)旋向为左旋,左侧滚筒(13)上的螺旋叶片(14)旋向为右旋;The drum (13) is composed of multiple sections, the inner wall of each section of the drum (13) is fixed with a certain number of sliders (17) along the axial direction, and the sliders (17) are evenly arranged along the inner wall of the drum (13) circumferential direction and extend out of the drum (13) At the outer end, a chute (18) along the axial direction is formed between the adjacent sliders (17); each section of the roller (13) is nested through the slider (17) and the chute (18) , and constitute a moving pair; wherein the relative sliding length of the slider (17) and the chute (18) between the sections of the drum (13) does not exceed half of the length of the single-section drum (13); every two sections of the drum (13) The elastic elements (15) are connected by elastic elements (15), and the elastic elements (15) are installed between the drums (13) of each section against the inner wall of the drum (13). The rollers (13) at both ends slide in the axial direction, and the rollers (13) in the middle sections are pulled by elastic elements (15) to slide in the axial direction; The outer sides of the rollers (13) on both sides meet the requirement of concentricity with the rollers (13); the spiral blades (14) are fixedly connected to the cylindrical surface of the outer wall of the rollers (13), and the spiral blades (14) are related to the telescopic material feeding pressure roller ( 5) The axial middle plane is symmetrically arranged; along the advancing direction of the operation, the spiral blade (14) on the right roller (13) of the telescopic feeding roller (5) is left-handed, and the spiral blade (14) on the left roller (13) The rotation direction of the helical blade (14) is right-handed; 所述提升机构(2)包含提升杆(23)和直滑槽(24);其中,提升杆(23)一端通过铰接方式与伸缩机架(3)两侧的伸缩架前横梁(21)连接,另一端通过孔轴配合与伸缩式拨料压辊(5)两端的轴头(16)连接,两者之间存在相对转动;直滑槽(24)为“U”型结构,固连在伸缩架(8)两侧的内侧;提升杆(23)绕铰接点转动调节伸缩式拨料压辊(5)的离地高度,提升杆(23)转动时在直滑槽(24)内运动。The lifting mechanism (2) comprises a lifting rod (23) and a straight chute (24); wherein, one end of the lifting rod (23) is connected to the front beams (21) of the telescopic frame on both sides of the telescopic frame (3) by means of hinged connection , and the other end is connected with the shaft heads (16) at both ends of the telescopic material-feeding pressing roller (5) through the hole-shaft fit, and there is relative rotation between the two; The inner sides of the two sides of the telescopic frame (8); the lifting rod (23) rotates around the hinge point to adjust the ground clearance of the telescopic feeding roller (5). When the lifting rod (23) rotates, it moves in the straight chute (24) . 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有拨料压辊的伸缩式覆土装置,其特征在于,所述伸缩式拨料压辊(5)左右两端通过提升机构(2)挂接在伸缩机架(3)两侧的伸缩架前横梁(21)上;需要作业时,通过提升机构(2)将伸缩式拨料压辊(5)下落至地面,使伸缩式拨料压辊(5)与铺料接触完成拓宽作业,并能将铺料铺平;不需要作业时,通过提升机构(2)将伸缩式拨料压辊(5)提升,并通过插销挂接提升杆(23)或通过挂钩挂接伸缩式拨料压辊(5)两端的轴头(16),使伸缩式拨料压辊(5)不与铺料接触。2. A telescopic soil covering device with a material-removing pressure roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the left and right ends of the telescopic material-removing pressure roller (5) are connected to the telescopic surface through a lifting mechanism (2). On the front beam (21) of the telescopic frame on both sides of the frame (3); when the operation is required, the telescopic material-removing pressure roller (5) is dropped to the ground through the lifting mechanism (2), so that the telescopic material-removing pressure roller (5) is lowered to the ground. ) is in contact with the paving material to complete the widening operation and can flatten the paving material; when no operation is required, the telescopic material-removing pressing roller (5) is lifted by the lifting mechanism (2), and the lifting rod (23) is connected by the latch Or hook the shaft heads (16) at both ends of the telescopic material feeding pressing roller (5) through hooks, so that the telescopic feeding pressing roller (5) does not come into contact with the paving material. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有拨料压辊的伸缩式覆土装置,其特征在于,所述伸缩式拨料压辊(5)由覆盖机或拖拉机提供牵引并向前滚动;为了增加伸缩式拨料压辊(5)与地面之间的滚动摩擦系数,不排除在滚筒(13)的外壁或在螺旋叶片(14)的侧刃上固连一些齿状结构。3. A telescopic soil covering device with a material-removing pressing roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic material-removing pressing roller (5) is provided with traction by a covering machine or a tractor and rolls forward; in order to To increase the coefficient of rolling friction between the retractable material-pulling roller (5) and the ground, it is not excluded that some tooth-like structures are fixed on the outer wall of the drum (13) or on the side edge of the helical blade (14). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有拨料压辊的伸缩式覆土装置,其特征在于,所述限深轮(1)固连在伸缩机架(3)的两侧,随伸缩架(8)一起向两侧伸缩;使所述覆土装置在作业过程中能够适应地面的起伏,限深轮(1)的高度可调。4. A telescopic soil covering device with a material-removing pressing roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth-limiting wheel (1) is fixedly connected to both sides of the telescopic frame (3), and is accompanied by the telescopic frame (8) Telescopic to both sides at the same time; so that the soil covering device can adapt to the undulations of the ground during the operation, and the height of the depth-limiting wheel (1) is adjustable. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有拨料压辊的伸缩式覆土装置,其特征在于,所述伸缩式拨料压辊(5)在作业过程中,为了防止滚筒(13)各节之间伸缩位置出现堵料现象,不排除在滚筒(13)各节之间伸缩位置处包裹一层可伸缩弹性材料形成密封,要求其具有一定的强度,且耐磨性较好。5. A telescopic soil covering device with a material-removing pressure roller according to claim 1, characterized in that, during the operation of the telescopic material-removing pressure roller (5), in order to prevent each section of the drum (13) The phenomenon of material blocking occurs at the telescopic position between the drums (13), which does not rule out wrapping a layer of stretchable elastic material at the telescopic position between each section of the drum (13) to form a seal, which requires a certain strength and good wear resistance.
CN202110353857.1A 2021-04-01 2021-04-01 Telescopic earthing device with dial material compression roller Pending CN112930776A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210611