CN110547089A - A crawler self-propelled backpack windrower for rapeseed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a crawler self-propelled knapsack windrower for rapeseed, which comprises a pair of walking crawlers, a main frame, a cutting device, an auxiliary feeding reeling device and a laying device; the laying device is inclined towards the direction of the rapeseed to be harvested Arranged above the front half of the walking track, and the upper end of the laying device is installed on the main frame, and the lower end of the laying device is fixed on the cutting device; the frame is matched with the laying device, and the middle of the machine is left blank for laying rapeseed Channel, use the cutting and conveying device to cut the rapeseed and concentrate it in the middle and lay it backward, which reduces the conveying distance after the rape is cut down and improves the conveying efficiency; there is no need to manually open the road before operation, and the rapeseed in the middle laying area is stubbled There is no rolling to ensure that the plants are placed on the stubble to form an overhead drying, without contact with wet soil, light-transmitting and air-permeable, which is conducive to post-ripening and subsequent mechanized picking and harvesting.

Description

A crawler self-propelled backpack windrower for rapeseed

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of segmented harvesting in agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a caterpillar self-propelled knapsack windrower for rape.

Background technique

Rapeseed is the largest oil crop in my country. In recent years, the planting area has exceeded 100 million mu, of which the planting area of winter rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin accounts for 90%. Domestic rapeseed oil accounts for more than 55% of the oil production of domestic oil crops, and the development of rapeseed production has important strategic significance for maintaining the national edible oil supply security. However, in recent years, due to the market impact of the transfer of rural labor force, low mechanization, high labor costs, and the import of low-priced rapeseed, rapeseed planting benefits are low, and industrial development is facing tremendous pressure. The No. 1 Central Document in 2019 clearly pointed out that it is necessary to support the production of rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin, promote the demonstration and promotion of new varieties and new technologies, and the mechanization of the whole process.

Rapeseed harvesting is a key link in the entire mechanized production of rapeseed. According to the harvesting process route, it is mainly divided into two types: mechanized combined harvesting and mechanized segmented harvesting. The staged harvesting of rapeseed is to cut the rapeseed plants in advance in the early stage of yellow ripening and dry them in the field. Compared with combined harvesting, segmental harvesting has the advantages of long harvest period, strong adaptability to rapeseed plant morphology, consistent grain maturity, full grain, and small harvest loss. In the rice oil rotation area in the south, harvesting in stages can also clear up land in advance, which is conducive to the planting of subsequent rice crops.

The existing rapeseed windrowing machines can be divided into two categories, one is a large rapeseed windrowing machine with a working width of more than 2.5 meters, which is usually mounted on a high ground clearance tractor and laid in the middle. This type of windrowing machine is efficient Higher, but larger in size and larger in turning radius, it is suitable for dry land operations with large fields and flat terrain, such as spring rapeseed areas in Europe, Canada, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang in my country. One is a small rapeseed windrower with a working width of less than 2.5 meters and powered by a small tractor or a crawler-type power chassis. For example, the Chinese patent application number 2012510559271.1 discloses a windrower suitable for rapeseed harvesting, with a working width of 1.85 meters and full hydraulic drive. Functional components such as cutting, conveying, laying and reel are suspended before the header. Hooked on the power machine, the rapeseed is transported to the middle under the joint action of the conveying and laying device after being cut down. However, due to the rotation of rice and oil in the Yangtze River Basin, rice planting is soaked in water for a long time in summer and autumn, and rape planting in winter and spring has a lot of rain, and the fields are muddy. The soil is deep, the soil is sticky and heavy, and the equipment is equipped with a front suspension. There are problems such as large front wheel load, easy to get stuck in the operation, large turning radius in the field, etc., and the trafficability of the equipment is insufficient. The Chinese patent application number 201420571400.3 discloses a small crawler-type rapeseed windrower, which adopts a crawler-type walking chassis, which improves the operability and maneuverability, but the implement still adopts front suspension transfer, and the windrower mainly uses side Side laying, that is, the row of crops is on the side of the header, and the plants are transported to the laying side after cutting. The road needs to be cleared in advance during operation, and the plant transportation distance is long, which may easily cause blockage of the conveying device and disorderly laying. The Chinese patent application number 201520074744.8 discloses a rapeseed windrowing machine, which adopts a crawler-type walking chassis, which is flexible in operation and has good adaptability to the terrain. The rear of the tool is laid, and the plant transportation distance is longer, which increases the disorder of plant laying and is easy to block.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, and to provide a self-propelled backpack rapeseed windrower with crawler belts that enhances laying efficiency and avoids clogging.

In order to achieve the above object, the crawler self-propelled knapsack windrower for rape designed by the present invention includes a pair of walking crawlers, a main frame, a cutting device, an auxiliary feeding reeling device and a laying device; The direction of harvesting rapeseed is arranged obliquely above the front half of the walking track, and the upper end of the laying device is installed on the main frame, and the lower end of the laying device is fixed on the cutting device;

The main frame includes a front frame, a rear frame, a left loading platform and a right loading platform, and the left loading platform and the right loading platform are arranged symmetrically; the left end of the front frame is fixed on the outside of the upper surface of the left loading platform Edge, the right end of the front frame is fixed on the outer edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform, the left end of the rear frame is fixed on the inner edge of the upper surface of the left loading platform, and the right end of the rear frame is fixed on the right loading platform the inner edge of the upper surface;

The laying device includes a laying frame and a pair of chain conveyors, a pair of chain conveyors are symmetrically installed on both sides of the conveyor frame, the upper part of the laying frame is hinged with the middle part of the front frame, The lower part of the laying frame is welded with the cutting device, and a first hydraulic cylinder is installed between both sides of the laying frame and the front frame; meanwhile, the front frame and the rear frame are both hollow frame structures , the passage formed by leaving the middle part on the laying frame and the space between the left loading platform and the right loading platform jointly form a barrier-free laying passage for rape laying.

Further, each of the chain conveying devices includes a conveying support plate, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a conveyor belt and elastic teeth installed on the conveyor belt, and the lower end of the conveying support plate is connected to the laying frame; The driving shaft and the driven shaft are respectively installed on the conveying support plate through the bearing seat, the driving shaft is connected with the hydraulic motor through a coupling, the driving shaft drives the driven shaft through a chain transmission, and the driving shaft can be connected with the The adjustment of the tension bolts where the housings are welded together changes the position.

Further, the elastic teeth are arranged in a matrix on the conveyor belt, and a stopper is provided under the conveyor belt, and the stopper is fixed between the two side plates of the conveying support plate; in addition, on the stopper There are grooves for the teeth to pass through.

Further, the laying device also includes a pair of conveying shells, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a pair of chain conveyors, and the conveying shells connect the chain conveyors from the outside of the chain conveyor surrounded.

Further, the cutting device includes a transverse cutter and a crop divider; the transverse cutter includes a transverse fixed knife, a transverse movable knife, a first eccentric disc and a transverse guide rod, and the transverse fixed knife is fixed to the lower beam of the laying frame Together, the horizontal moving knife is slidingly connected to the horizontal fixed knife, the horizontal moving knife is hinged to the horizontal wire guide rod, the horizontal guide rod is hinged to the first eccentric disc, and the first eccentric disc is driven by the cutting hydraulic motor.

Further, the crop divider includes a pair of vertical cutting knives and a pair of passive crop dividers, the pair of vertical cutting knives are respectively arranged in the vertical direction at the left and right ends of the horizontal cutter, and the vertical cutting knives include vertical cutting Frame, vertical fixed knife, vertical moving knife, vertical guide rod, second eccentric disc, vertical cutting frame and the two ends of the lower beam of the laying frame are fixedly connected, and at the same time, the vertical cutting frame and the laying device The conveying shell is fixedly connected by a baffle;

The vertical fixed knife is fixed together with the front beam of the vertical cutting frame, the vertical movable knife is slidingly connected with the vertical fixed knife, and the vertical guide rod is composed of two ball heads with built-in ball bearings and a rod with two ends. A threaded threaded rod, two ball heads are respectively connected to two ends of the threaded rod through threaded connections, one ball head is hinged to the second eccentric disk, and the other ball head is hinged to the horizontal guide rod.

Further, a pair of the passive crop dividers and a pair of the vertical cutting knives are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the passive crop dividers are arranged at the lower part in front of the vertical cutting knives and welded together with the vertical cutting frame.

Further, the auxiliary feeding reel device includes a reel frame and a reel, the reel is hinged to the top of the front frame, the reel is arranged above the cross cutter and fixed on the reel; the reel A pair of second hydraulic cylinders are installed between the grain frame and the top of the front frame.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1) The track self-propelled knapsack windrower of the present invention has a compact longitudinal structure, and the functional components such as the laying device, the cutting device and the auxiliary feeding reeling device are carried above the front half of the track, and the turning radius is small and the maneuverability is good. Flexible transfer, stable running, suitable for small fields and hilly areas;

2) The crawler chassis is used as the walking device, which avoids the defect that the windrower equipped with the wheeled tractor is easy to sink into the ground, and is suitable for deep mud feet and rice stubble fields that are softly adhered to the surface;

3) The frame is used to cooperate with the laying device, and at the same time, the middle of the machine tool is left blank as the rape cutting and laying channel, and the cutting and conveying device is used to cut the rape and concentrate it in the middle and lay it backward, which reduces the cost of the rape after cutting. The conveying distance improves the conveying efficiency; there is no need to manually open the road before the operation, and there is no crushing of the rape stubble in the middle laying area, ensuring that the plants are laid on the stubble, forming an overhead drying, not in contact with the wet soil, light-transmitting and air-permeable, It is good for post-ripening and convenient for subsequent mechanized picking and harvesting;

4) The cutting device and the auxiliary feeding and reeling device can be raised and lowered by the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the working height to adapt to different growth conditions of rapeseed, and enhance the adaptability to differences in rapeseed varieties and planting methods;

5) The laying device is arranged obliquely, which shortens the distance from the rape cutting to the laying device, so that the rape can be transported through the laying device as soon as possible after being cut, so as to enhance the laying efficiency and avoid blockage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of crawler self-propelled knapsack windrowing and drying machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the main frame in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of chain conveying device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface structure of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the cutting device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical cutting knife in Fig. 5 .

The labeling of each part in the figure is as follows: walking crawler 1, main frame 2 (wherein: front frame 21, rear frame 22, left crawler crossbeam 221, right crawler crossbeam 222, left loading platform 23, right loading platform 24), laying Device 3 (wherein: chain conveying device 30, laying frame 31, conveying shell 32, first hydraulic cylinder 33, conveying support plate 301, driving shaft 302, driven shaft 303, conveying belt 304, elastic teeth 305, gear block 306, tension bolt 307), cutting device 4 (wherein: cross cutter 41, horizontal fixed knife 411, horizontal moving knife 412, first eccentric disc 413, transverse guide rod 414, cutting hydraulic motor 415, crop divider 42 , vertical cutting knife 43, vertical cutting frame 431, vertical fixed knife 432, vertical moving knife 433, vertical guide rod 434, second eccentric disc 435, baffle plate 436, threaded rod 437, protective shell 438, vertical cutting Hydraulic motor 439, passive grain divider 44, baffle plate 45,), auxiliary feeding reel device 5, power system 6, driving system 7, barrier-free laying passage 8, reel rack 51 (wherein: reel 52, The second hydraulic cylinder 53).

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a crawler self-propelled knapsack windrower includes a pair of walking crawlers 1, a main frame 2, a cutting device 4, an auxiliary feeding reeling device 5 and a laying device 3. A pair of walking crawlers 1 are symmetrically arranged left and right, and are welded with the main frame 2 to form a crawler chassis for walking, so as to avoid easy ground sinking when working in the field; the laying device 3 is arranged horizontally or inclined toward the rapeseed direction to be harvested on the front half of the walking crawler 1 above the upper part, and the upper end of the laying device 3 is installed on the main frame 2, and the lower end of the laying device 3 is fixed on the cutting device 4, so that the rape can quickly reach the conveying area on the laying device 3 after the rape is cut down, and the conveying efficiency is increased. The auxiliary feeding reeling device 5 is arranged above the cutting device 4 and is connected with the main frame 2 .

As shown in Figure 2, the main frame 2 includes a front frame 21, a rear frame 22, a left loading platform 23 and a right loading platform 24, and the left loading platform 23 and the right loading platform 24 are symmetrically arranged, wherein the left loading platform The driving system 7 is installed on the platform 23, the power system 6 is installed on the right loading platform 24, and the walking crawler 1 on one side is fixedly connected to the left crawler beam 221 at the bottom of the left loading platform 23, and the walking crawler 1 on the other side is fixed Connected to the right crawler beam 222 at the bottom of the right loading platform 24; the left end of the front frame 21 is fixed on the outer edge of the upper surface of the left loading platform 23, and the right end of the front frame 21 is fixed on the outer edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform 24 , the left end of the rear frame 22 is fixed on the inner edge of the upper surface of the left loading platform 23, and the right end of the rear frame 22 is fixed on the inner edge of the upper surface of the right loading platform 24; since the front frame 21 and the rear frame 22 are hollow frame type Structure, the space between the left loading platform 23 and the right loading platform 24 forms a barrier-free laying channel 8 for rape laying, which provides space for the windrower to lay the rape after it is cut down, shortening the transportation of rape distance, to realize the rapid laying of the rapeseed after it is cut, and at the same time retain the rape straw on the middle channel, to realize that the rapeseed is laid on the stubble after it is cut to dry, and to avoid the direct contact between the rapeseed and the ground during the drying process and the poor ventilation Losses such as decay.

3 and 4, the laying device 3 is located between the cutting device 4 and the main frame 2 and above the walking crawler 1, and is arranged horizontally or inclined toward the rapeseed to be harvested according to the shape and size of the walking crawler. The laying device 3 comprises a laying frame 31, a pair of chain conveying devices 30 and a pair of conveying shells 32, and a pair of chain conveying devices 30 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the conveying frame 31 by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. Simultaneously, a pair of conveying casings 32 and a pair of chain conveying devices 30 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the conveying casings 32 enclose the chain conveying devices 30 from the outside of the chain conveying exterior 30, avoiding the entanglement of rape stalks and improving the laying capacity. release device reliability. The upper part of the laying frame 31 is hinged with the middle part of the front frame 21, the lower part of the laying frame 31 is welded with the cutting device 4, and a first hydraulic cylinder 33 is respectively installed between both sides of the laying frame 31 and the front frame 21 The working height of the cutting device can be adjusted by controlling the expansion and contraction of the first hydraulic cylinder 33, so as to obtain different stubble heights after the rape is cut, so as to adapt to different harvesting needs, such as forage harvesting or rapeseed harvesting, etc., to enhance the machine tools. Versatility. Simultaneously, the space between the passage that leaves the middle part on the laying frame 31 and the space between the left loading platform 23 and the right loading platform 24 forms a barrier-free laying passage 8 for rape laying, so that the chain conveyor 30 The rape on the left and right sides is transported to the barrier-free laying channel 8 for laying, which shortens the conveying distance after the rape is cut down.

Each chain conveying device 30 comprises a conveying support plate 301, a driving shaft 302, a driven shaft 303, a conveyor belt 304 and an elastic tooth 305 installed on the conveyor belt 304, and the lower end of the conveying support plate 301 is fixed on the laying machine by bolt connection On the frame 31, both sides of the conveying support plate 301 are respectively fixed with the two conveying shells 32 through bolt connection, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, and is conducive to later maintenance. The driving shaft 302 and the driven shaft 303 are respectively installed on the conveying support plate 301 through the bearing seat, the driving shaft 302 is connected with the hydraulic motor through the coupling, and the driving shaft 302 drives the driven shaft 303 through the chain drive, wherein the conveying chain is provided with Double-side lugs, the conveyor belt 304 is made of nylon or canvas belt, and is fixed on the lugs of the conveyor chain through bolt connection, the driven shaft 303 can change its position through the adjustment of the tension bolt 307 welded with the bearing seat, adjust The center distance of the chain ensures the tension of the conveyor belt. When the hydraulic motor drives the driving shaft, the conveyor belt will move synchronously with the chain drive, and the chain drive will drive the conveyor belt to run, which avoids the disadvantages of the existing roller-driven conveyor belt that may run after the high speed of operation, and enhances the safety of the machine tool. Reliability, while also reducing the tension required by the implement and reducing power consumption.

The elastic teeth 305 are arranged in a matrix on the conveyor belt 304, and are used to assist in conveying the felled rapeseed. The spring tooth 305 is made of nylon material, has a certain degree of elasticity, and can be compressed when it is running under the conveyor belt, saving space. According to the agronomic requirements of rapeseed, the row spacing of rapeseed is 280-300mm, which ensures that the mechanism is not complicated and better. For conveying rapeseed, the row spacing of spring teeth is slightly smaller than the row spacing of rapeseed, which is 200mm. A stopper 306 is also provided below the conveyor belt 303, which is made of wood or plastic, and the stopper 306 is fixed between the two side plates of the conveying support plate through bolt connection. In addition, the block 306 is provided with a groove for the spring tooth 305 to pass through, which is used to prevent the rape straw from entering the conveyor shell 32 from affecting the operation of the chain conveyor.

As shown in Fig. 5, the cutting device 4 includes a cross cutter 41 and a crop divider 42; wherein, the cross cutter 4 is arranged horizontally at the front end of the implement, and is 2 meters long, adapted to the width of the existing rapeseed box, including a horizontal fixed knife 411, the horizontal moving knife 412, the first eccentric disc 413 and the horizontal guide rod 414, the horizontal fixed knife 411 and the lower beam of the laying frame 31 are fixed together by bolts, the horizontal moving knife 412 and the horizontal fixed knife 411 are slidingly connected, Reciprocate back and forth to cut off the rapeseed to be harvested to ensure the consistency of the stubble height. The horizontal moving knife 412 is hinged with the horizontal guide rod 414, and the horizontal guide rod 414 is hinged with the first eccentric disc 413. The three constitute a crank slider mechanism. The first eccentric disc 413 is directly driven by the cutting hydraulic motor 415, which simplifies the existing complex mechanical transmission unit, simplifies the structure, improves the transmission efficiency and reduces the vibration.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the crop divider 42 is used to separate the left and right wrapped rape plants before cutting, so as to avoid the loss of rape caused by the rape plants on both sides of the machine during the cutting process. Each grain divider comprises a pair of vertical cutting knives 43 and a pair of passive grain dividers 44. The specific process is to use the passive grain divider 44 to squeeze and divide grains, and then use the vertical cutters on both sides to cut and divide grains. The combination of active and passive grain separation can reduce the loss of grain separation, and the operation is simple and the operation effect is remarkable. A pair of vertical cutting knives 43 are respectively arranged on the vertical direction of the left and right ends of the horizontal cutter 41, and the vertical cutting knives 43 include a vertical cutting frame 431, a vertical fixed knife 432, a vertical moving knife 433, and a vertical guide rod 434 , the second eccentric disk 435, the vertical cutting frame 431 is fixedly connected with the two ends of the lower crossbeam of the laying frame 31, and at the same time, the vertical cutting frame 431 is fixedly connected with the conveying shell 32 of the laying device 3 through a baffle plate 436 to enhance Strength, improve the stability of the vertical cutter when working, and at the same time, use the baffle plate 45 to cover both sides of the laying device 3, so as to avoid the loss caused by the ejection of rapeseed from both sides of the laying device during the transportation and laying process;

The vertical fixed knife 432 and the front beam of the vertical cutting frame 431 are fixed together by bolts, the vertical movable knife 433 is slidingly connected with the vertical fixed knife 432, and the vertical guide rod 434 is formed by two ball heads 436 with built-in ball bearings. And a threaded rod 437 with threads at both ends, two ball heads 436 are respectively connected with the two ends of the threaded rod 437 through threaded connection, through the threaded connection, the distance between the two ball heads 436 can be adjusted to enhance its versatility One ball head 436 is hinged with the second eccentric disk 435, and the other ball head 437 is hinged with the horizontal wire guide rod 434.

The vertical cutting knife 43 also includes a protective shell 438, which wraps the second eccentric disc 435 and the vertical cutting hydraulic motor 439, so as to avoid the winding of rape plants and affect the operation of the vertical cutting knife. The second eccentric disc, the vertical guide rod and the vertical moving knife three The latter constitutes a space crank slider mechanism, because the built-in ball bearing of the ball head forms a spherical pair with the second eccentric disk and the vertical movable cutter, which reduces the required installation accuracy and increases the reliability of the vertical cutter. The second eccentric disk 435 Directly driven by the vertical cutting hydraulic motor 439, the vertical moving knife is driven to reciprocate relative to the vertical fixed knife through the vertical guide rod to realize cutting, simplifying the existing mechanical transmission form of the vertical cutting knife driven by the horizontal cutting knife, so that the vertical cutting knife With independent power, simplified structure, adjustable speed and reduced mechanical vibration.

A pair of passive grain dividers 44 and a pair of vertical cutting knives 43 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and the passive grain dividers 44 are arranged in the lower part of the front of the vertical cutting knives 43, and are welded together with the vertical cutting frame 431. This arrangement can effectively solve the problem of harvesting. Due to the shattering loss and blockage caused by the dense entanglement of rapeseed branches, the rapeseed plants are divided in advance by combining the active grain divider and the passive grain divider before cutting down, reducing the loss of rapeseed seeds and passing resistance, and improving Passability of machinery.

Auxiliary feeding reeling device 5 comprises reel 51 and reel 52, and reel 51 is hinged with the top of front frame 21, and reel 52 is arranged above cross cutter 41, and is fixed on the reel 51 by bolt connection, It is used to feed the rapeseed to be harvested to the machine, which is convenient for cutting and improves cutting efficiency. A pair of second hydraulic cylinders 53 are installed between the reel rack 51 and the top of the front frame 21. By controlling the second hydraulic cylinders, the adjustment of the working height of the auxiliary feeding reel device can be controlled, so as to adapt to different heights caused by different varieties and regions. Rapeseed harvesting enhances the applicability of the machine.

The power system drives the walking crawler, a pair of chain conveyors, the reel, the horizontal cutter and the vertical cutter through a hydraulic motor. When the windrower is working in the field, the power system transmits the power to the above-mentioned moving parts through the hydraulic motor, the walking track drives the machine forward, the hydraulic motor drives the reel to rotate through the belt transmission, and the reel moves the rape stalks to be cut. The cutting and conveying device to the windrower; the horizontal cutter reciprocates under the action of the hydraulic motor through the crank slider to cut off the rape stalks; at the same time, the crop dividers on both sides of the horizontal cutter divide the rape stalks into rows, and the vertical cutting knife Cut and separate the entangled branches on the upper part of the rapeseed to complete the division; after cutting the rapeseed in the middle of the cross cutter, under the action of the reel and the cross cutter, it is directly laid in the middle of the field through the barrier-free laying channel without being crushed On the pressed straw, under the spring teeth of the conveyor belt moving towards the middle on the chain conveying device on both sides of the laying device, the rape located on the left and right sides of the cross cutter is cut and transported towards the middle, and passes through the barrier-free laying The channel is laid in the field, thus completing the cutting, conveying and laying process of the whole rapeseed.

The rapeseed windrowing machine of the present invention adopts the walking track and the frame type frame as the walking device, which has good maneuverability, flexible field transfer, stable walking, good passability in small fields and hilly areas, and avoids tractor-drawn windrowing The machine is difficult to transfer and easy to fall into the ground; at the same time, the frame-type frame leaves a gap in the middle of the machine tool as a barrier-free laying channel, and cooperates with the laying device to collectively transport the rapeseed to the middle for laying, reducing the cost of rapeseed cutting. The conveying distance after falling, enhances conveying efficiency, avoids clogging and entanglement, and reduces the loss of rapeseed; no manual clearing is required before operation, and there is no crushing of the rapeseed stubble in the middle laying area, ensuring that the plants are laid on the cut The stubble is formed to be aired overhead, without contact with wet soil, light-transmitting and air-permeable, which is conducive to post-ripening, and is convenient for subsequent mechanized picking and harvesting, and has a simple structure and easy operation.

Claims (8)

1. a crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower comprises a pair of walking crawlers (1), a main frame (2), a cutting device (4), an auxiliary feeding reel device (5) and a laying device (3); the method is characterized in that: the laying device (3) is obliquely arranged above the front half part of the walking crawler (1) towards the direction of rape to be collected, the upper end of the laying device (3) is arranged on the main frame (2), and the lower end of the laying device (3) is fixed on the cutting device (4);

the main frame (2) comprises a front frame (21), a rear frame (22), a left object carrying platform (23) and a right object carrying platform (24), and the left object carrying platform (23) and the right object carrying platform (24) are symmetrically arranged; the left end of the front frame (21) is fixed at the outer side edge of the upper surface of the left object platform (23), the right end of the front frame (21) is fixed at the outer side edge of the upper surface of the right object platform (24), the left end of the rear frame (22) is fixed at the inner side edge of the upper surface of the left object platform (23), and the right end of the rear frame (22) is fixed at the inner side edge of the upper surface of the right object platform (24);

The laying device (3) comprises a laying rack (31) and a pair of chain type conveying devices (30), the chain type conveying devices (30) are arranged on two sides of the conveying rack (31) in a bilateral symmetry mode, the upper portion of the laying rack (31) is hinged to the middle of the front frame (21), the lower portion of the laying rack (31) is welded with the cutting device (4), and a first hydraulic cylinder (33) is arranged between each of two sides of the laying rack (31) and the front frame (21); simultaneously, front frame (21) and back frame (22) are cavity frame structure, lay the space between the passageway that the middle part left the sky to form and left objective platform (23) and right objective platform (24) on frame (31) and form obstacle-free laying passageway (8) that the confession oil dish was laid jointly.

2. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 1, wherein: each chain type conveying device (30) comprises a conveying support plate (301), a driving shaft (302), a driven shaft (303), a conveying belt (304) and elastic teeth (305) arranged on the conveying belt (304), and the lower end of the conveying support plate (301) is connected to the laying rack (31); the driving shaft (302) and the driven shaft (303) are respectively installed on the conveying support plate (301) through bearing seats, the driving shaft (302) is connected with a hydraulic motor through a coupler, the driving shaft (302) drives the driven shaft (303) through chain transmission, and the position of the driving shaft (303) can be changed through adjusting a tension bolt (307) welded together with the bearing seats.

3. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 2, wherein: the elastic teeth (305) are arranged on the conveying belt (304) in a matrix manner, a stop block (306) is further arranged below the conveying belt (303), and the stop block (306) is fixed between two side plates of the conveying support plate; in addition, a groove for the elastic tooth (305) to pass through is arranged on the stop block (306).

4. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 2, wherein: the laying device (3) comprises a pair of conveying shells (32), the pair of conveying shells (32) and the pair of chain type conveying devices (30) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the conveying shells (32) surround the chain type conveying devices (30) from the outer side of the chain type conveying device (30).

5. The crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 1, wherein: the cutting device (4) comprises a cross cutter (41) and a crop divider (42); the transverse cutter (4) comprises a transverse fixed cutter (411), a transverse movable cutter (412), a first eccentric disc (413) and a transverse guide rod (414), the transverse fixed cutter (411) is fixed with a cross beam at the lower part of the laying rack (31), the transverse movable cutter (412) is in sliding connection with the transverse fixed cutter (411), the transverse movable cutter (412) is hinged with the cross line guide rod (414), the transverse guide rod (414) is hinged with the first eccentric disc (413), and the first eccentric disc (415) is driven by a cutting hydraulic motor (415).

6. The tracked self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 5, wherein: the divider (42) comprises a pair of vertical cutters (43) and a pair of passive dividers (44), the pair of vertical cutters (43) are respectively arranged in the vertical direction of the left end and the right end of the transverse cutter (41), the vertical cutters (43) comprise a vertical cutting rack (431), a vertical fixed cutter (432), a vertical movable cutter (433), a vertical guide rod (434) and a second eccentric disc (435), the vertical cutting rack (431) is fixedly connected with two ends of a cross beam at the lower part of the laying rack (31), and meanwhile, the vertical cutting rack (431) is fixedly connected with a conveying shell (32) of the laying device (3) through a baffle (436);

The vertical fixed knife (432) is fixed with a front end beam of a vertical cutting frame (431), the vertical movable knife (433) is in sliding connection with the vertical fixed knife (432), the vertical guide rod (434) is composed of two ball heads (436) with built-in ball bearings and a threaded rod (437) with threads at two ends, the two ball heads (436) are respectively connected with two ends of the threaded rod (437) through threaded connection, one ball head (436) is hinged with the second eccentric disc (435), and the other ball head (437) is hinged with the transverse guide rod (434).

7. The tracked self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 6, wherein: the pair of passive dividers (44) and the pair of vertical cutters (43) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the passive dividers (44) are arranged at the lower part in front of the vertical cutters (43) and welded with the vertical cutter frame (431).

8. the crawler self-propelled backpack rape cutter-rower of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary feeding reel device (5) comprises a reel frame (51) and a reel wheel (52), the reel frame (51) is hinged with the top of the front frame (21), and the reel wheel (52) is arranged above the cross cutter (41) and fixed on the reel frame (51); and a pair of second hydraulic cylinders (53) are arranged between the grain pulling frame (51) and the top of the front frame (21).