CN112913440B

CN112913440B - Cutting and throwing device for self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester and peanut seedling harvesting method

Info

Publication number: CN112913440B
Application number: CN202110076224.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈有庆; 胡志超; 王公仆; 王伯凯; 吴峰; 顾峰玮; 徐弘博; 王申莹
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2021-01-20
Filing date: 2021-01-20
Publication date: 2022-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-20
Also published as: CN112913440A

Abstract

The invention provides a cutting and throwing device for a self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester and a peanut seedling harvesting method. The harvester header cuts peanut seedlings and sends the peanut seedlings to the rear side; the middle conveying device is used for conveying the peanut seedlings sent out by the cutting table; a cutting and throwing device which receives the peanut seedlings from the intermediate conveying device and throws the cut peanut seedlings to a specified accumulating device; a chassis; and an intelligent monitoring system. The cutting and throwing device is provided with a cutting part and a seedling throwing part, wherein the cutting part is of a hob type and comprises a cutter disc, a cutter shaft and a plurality of hob mounting seats; and a hob for mounting the hob mounting seat. In the invention, the harvesting of the fresh peanut seedlings is realized, and the obtained peanut seedlings are not easy to mix with impurities such as soil, stones, plastic mulching films and the like. And the peanut seedlings are cut into pieces and collected. When the throwing and cutting device rotates at a high speed, the throwing and cutting device not only plays a role of cutting up peanut seedlings, but also plays a role of blades, and the cut-up peanut seedlings are quickly thrown out through the throwing and cutting device, so that the treatment efficiency is high.

Description

Cutting and throwing device for self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester and peanut seedling harvesting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a cutting and throwing device for a self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester and a peanut seedling harvesting method.

Background

According to the latest statistical data of FAO, the peanut harvesting area of 462 ten thousand hm in 2018 China²The yield is 1733 ten thousand t, respectively at the 2 nd and 1 st positions in the world, and accounts for 16.2 percent and 37.7 percent of the world. The yield of peanut seedlings per mu is generally equivalent to the yield of peanut pods, namely the yield of the peanut seedlings per year in China is 1733 ten thousand, and if the peanut seedlings are converted into fresh seedlings, the yield per year is about 3400 ten thousand.

The data show that the crude protein content in peanut seedlings exceeds 12 percent, the crude fat content reaches 2 percent, the carbohydrate content exceeds 45 percent, compared with other common pasture grasses, the crude protein content is about 1.5 times of that of Sudan grass, is slightly higher than perennial ryegrass, is basically equivalent to the crude protein content of alfalfa in the flowering phase, is excellent livestock and poultry feed, and the main production area is generally 667m per unit²The selling price of the peanut seedlings can reach 50-150 yuan. The development and utilization of the peanut seedlings as the livestock and poultry feed can not only relieve the contradiction of food struggle between people and livestock in China, but also improve the industrial benefit of peanuts and the income of farmers.

At present, peanut pods are mainly harvested in the main peanut producing area in China, and peanut seedlings are generally discarded as waste or used as feed in a small amount. The discarded peanut seedlings cause serious environmental pollution and resource waste, and the peanut seedlings used as the feed are basically made by processing after being dried in the air. The dried peanut seedlings can cause nutrition loss, are not easy to be digested by livestock and poultry, and are easy to cause forestomach relaxation or rumen indigestion and other forestomach diseases of animals, thereby influencing the growth and development of the animals. Because the peanut pod is generally harvested in a two-section mode in the main peanut production area in China (the peanut plant is dug by a first-section digging harvester, soil is cleared, and the peanut plant is aired in a strip-paving mode, after the peanut plant is dried to a certain moisture content, the peanut pod is picked up and picked up by a second-section picking combine harvester, or the peanut pod is picked up and picked up manually and picked up and collected by a field-type picking machine, the peanut pod picking modes are all full-feeding modes, namely, the whole peanut plant is fed into the peanut picking device, so that the peanut seedling after the peanut plant picking combine harvester or the peanut picking machine is operated is very easy to be mixed with impurities such as soil, and the quality of the peanut seedling feed is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, as the peanuts are planted in the film-covered mode in each main production area in China, after the peanuts are harvested in a two-stage mode, a large amount of plastic mulching films are easily mixed in peanut seedlings, and livestock and poultry with the plastic mulching films cannot digest and accumulate in the stomach, so that the livestock and poultry are indigestion and even die.

In conclusion, the peanut seedling forage utilization process in China has the following four problems: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, discarding peanut seedlings to cause environmental pollution and resource waste, secondly, losing nutrition after the peanut seedlings are dried and not easily digested by livestock and poultry, thirdly, harvesting the peanut seedlings in a traditional mode, mixing impurities such as soil in the peanut seedlings to reduce the quality of feed, and fourthly, harvesting the peanut seedlings by adopting a traditional mode, mixing a large amount of mulching films in the peanut seedlings and not being used as the feed for the livestock and poultry. The existing equipment has complicated working procedures and low efficiency, and a fan is usually needed to be arranged when the chopped peanut seedlings are thrown out, so that the equipment is heavier.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the embodiment of the invention, the invention provides a cutting and throwing device for a self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester and a peanut seedling harvesting method.

In a first aspect of the invention, a cutting and throwing device for a self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester is provided. This self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester is with cutting throwing device includes:

the cutting table is provided with a seedling poking wheel, an auger and a cutting device, wherein the auger and the cutting device are arranged at the rear side of the seedling poking wheel;

the middle conveying device is provided with a plurality of conveying roller sets which are arranged in the front and at the back and used for conveying the peanut seedlings sent out by the header;

a cutting and throwing device which receives the peanut seedlings from the intermediate conveying device and throws the cut peanut seedlings to a specified accumulating device; a chassis having a running system; and

an intelligent monitoring system for monitoring the working state, measuring the information of the cutting device, the spiral conveyer, the intermediate conveying device, the cutting and polishing device and the chassis advancing speed, displaying the information, alarming for abnormality,

wherein, surely throw the device and have cutting portion and throwing seedling portion, cutting portion is the hobbing cutter formula, includes: the cutter heads are arranged on the left side and the right side in the transverse direction; a cutter shaft penetrating through the center of the cutter head; a plurality of hob mounting seats which are installed between the cutterheads on the two sides in a bridging manner; a plurality of hob mounting plates welded on the mounting base, and a hob mounted on the hob mounting plate.

The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, wherein the section of the hob mounting seat is in a U shape, and the hob is mounted at the opening end of the U shape.

The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which the hob is fixed to the hob mounting plate by screwing bolts through the through holes of the hob onto the hob mounting plate.

In accordance with the above aspect and any one of the possible implementations, there is further provided an implementation in which the bolt fixes the hob to the hob mounting seat through a V-shaped anti-loosening pressing plate.

The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, wherein the seedling throwing cutting and throwing cavity for covering the cutting part comprises a front upper shield, a front lower shield, a rear upper shield, a rear lower shield and shield side plates at two sides, which enclose a cavity; and a seedling throwing flat pipe which is arranged at the upper part of the rear side of the cavity and is used as an outlet of the cavity.

The front upper shield and the front lower shield are circular arc plates, the distance between the front upper shield and the hob is larger than the distance between the front lower shield and the hob, the rear upper shield is a circular arc plate, the tail end of the rear upper shield is connected with the lower end of the seedling throwing flat tube, the rear lower shield is in an involute shape, and the tail end of the rear lower shield is connected with the lower end of the seedling throwing flat tube.

The aspect and any possible implementation manner described above further provide an implementation manner, the bending degree of the rear lower shield gradually decreases from the joint with the front lower shield to the joint with the seedling throwing flat tube, the distance between the inner wall and the hob is 5mm, and the distance between the involute end and the hob is 50 mm.

The above aspects and any possible implementation manners further provide an implementation manner, wherein the seedling throwing pipe is connected with the flat seedling throwing pipe and is bent in an arc shape.

The above aspects and any possible implementation manners further provide an implementation manner, and the seedling throwing pipe is connected with the flat seedling throwing pipe through a seedling throwing direction adjusting mechanism.

The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, wherein the seedling throwing and direction adjusting mechanism comprises: a circular tube connected with the seedling throwing flat tube and provided with an annular track at the periphery of the tail end; a motor support fixed on the round tube and used for arranging a motor; a driven wheel disc which is arranged at the front end of the seedling throwing pipe in a hinged mode and is driven by the motor; and under the state of clamping the track, the rotating ring is buckled and fixed with the driven wheel disc.

In a second aspect of the invention, a peanut seedling harvesting method is provided. The peanut seedling harvesting method comprises the following steps: the peanut seedling harvester with the cutting and throwing device is used for harvesting the fresh peanut seedlings.

According to the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester, the harvesting of peanut seedlings can be realized. Because the whole peanut plant is excavated and then the fruits are picked (the peanut seedlings are separated), the obtained peanut seedlings are mixed with a large amount of impurities such as soil, stones and the like and plastic mulching films which can not be used as feeds. Because the fresh seedlings are harvested, the obtained peanut seedlings are not easy to mix with impurities such as soil, stones, plastic mulching films and the like, the problem that the film-coated peanuts cannot be used as the feed is solved, the feed quality is improved, and the process of screening out the impurities is saved.

In addition, the peanut vine is cut into pieces and collected. When the hob type cutting device rotates at a high speed, the hob type cutting device not only plays a role in cutting peanut seedlings, but also plays a role in a fan blade, and the cut peanut seedlings are quickly thrown out through the throwing and cutting device, so that the working procedures are saved, and the treatment efficiency is high.

The self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester is high in overall integration level and compact in structure. The invention does not need to be provided with a fan, thereby reducing the weight of the equipment and saving the energy consumption. In addition, the distance between the spiral pushing conveyor and the conveying bottom plate is adjusted, so that the peanut seedling conveying device is suitable for different peanut seedling yields.

It should be understood that the statements herein reciting aspects are not intended to limit the critical or essential features of any embodiment of the invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

Drawings

The above and other features, advantages and aspects of various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like or similar reference characters designate like or similar elements, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a header provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a header provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic structural view of an auger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate conveyance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate conveyance device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a partially enlarged structural view showing an intermediate conveyance device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic structural view of a shredding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hob provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural view of a hob mounting block and a hob mounting plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a partial schematic structural view of a throwing portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a partial schematic structural view of a throwing portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 shows a partial sectional view of a seedling-throwing direction-adjusting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiment is an example for implementing the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

The self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester of the embodiment is used for harvesting peanut seedlings, and the nutrition of the dried peanut seedlings is lost and is not easy to be digested by livestock and poultry, so the embodiment is particularly directed to harvesting of fresh peanut seedlings. The obtained peanut seedlings are prevented from being mixed with a large amount of impurities such as soil, stones and the like and plastic mulching films which can not be used as feeds when the whole peanut plants are excavated and then separated.

The self-propelled intelligent peanut vine harvester and the peanut vine harvesting method provided by the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 14.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-propelled intelligent peanut vine harvester according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the self-propelled intelligent peanut vine harvester comprises: the intelligent cutting and throwing device comprises a chassis 100, a header 200, an intermediate conveying device 300, a cutting and throwing device 400, a material box 500, a hydraulic system 600, a cab 700 and an intelligent operation state monitoring system.

In the present embodiment, the operation advancing direction of the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester is set as the front direction, and the direction parallel to the operation advancing direction is set as the longitudinal direction.

The chassis 100 is a wheeled chassis, and the cab 700 is provided at the front end of the chassis 100. The engine of the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester is transversely arranged, the left side and the right side of the engine are respectively provided with power output, two paths of power output are provided, one path of power is used for driving the harvester to walk, and the other path of power is used for the header 200, the middle conveying device 300, the cutting and throwing device 400 and the hydraulic system 600 to work. The two paths of power are independently transmitted, and the operation speed of the machine tool can be matched with the operation speed of the working part according to different working conditions.

The wheel-type chassis wheel track of the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester is 1600mm, and the peanut planting mode is a peanut planting mode aiming at planting with the ridge distance of 80cm, the row distance on the ridges of 25-30 cm and the row width distance between the ridges of 50-55 cm, and can also be used for fresh peanut seedling harvesting operation of parallel planting and non-row planting. When the ridge-planted peanuts are harvested, tires on two sides of the machine tool respectively walk in the furrows, the machine tool spans two ridges, and harvesting operation of three-ridge six-row peanut fresh seedlings can be completed at one time.

The header 200, the intermediate conveying device 300, the cutting and throwing device 400 and the material box 500 are sequentially arranged from front to back relative to the chassis 100, peanut seedlings are sequentially harvested through the harvesting of the header 200, the intermediate conveying device 300 is conveyed to the cutting and throwing device 400, the cutting and throwing device 400 cuts the peanut seedlings and then throws the cut peanut seedlings, and the material box 500 receives the thrown crushed seedlings. The header 200 is connected with the intermediate conveying device 300, the intermediate conveying device 300 is connected with the cutting and throwing device 400, the chopping part 410 of the cutting and throwing device 400 is connected with the front end of the chassis 100 and is positioned below the cab 700, the seedling throwing part 420 and the chopping part 410 of the cutting and throwing device 400 are connected and extend towards the middle part of the chassis 100, the output end of the seedling throwing part 420 corresponds to a bin 500 arranged at the rear part of the chassis 100, the intelligent operation state monitoring system comprises an electromagnetic induction type position sensor, a non-contact type dynamic rotation torque sensor and an optical flow velocity sensor, the sensors are respectively arranged at corresponding positions of monitored parts, and a signal processor, a touch screen and an alarm are arranged in the cab 700.

[ cutting table 200]

Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic structural views of a header according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the header 200 includes: a cutting device 210 for cutting peanut seedlings; a seedling poking wheel 220 for righting peanut seedlings; an auger 230 disposed behind the cutting device 210 and the seedling-pulling wheel 220; a conveying bottom plate 240 disposed below the auger 230, connected to the cutting device 210, and extending toward the rear intermediate conveying device 300; a header frame 250 for fixedly mounting the above devices and connected to both sides of the conveyor floor 240; a first hydraulic cylinder 260 disposed on the header frame 250. Drives the cutting device 210, the seedling-pulling wheel 220 and the first transmission mechanism 270 of the auger 230.

In the embodiment, the cutting device 210 only cuts the peanut seedlings, so that the harvested peanut seedlings do not contain peanut pods and sundries attached to roots of the peanut seedlings.

In this embodiment, the cutting device 210 is a standard type II reciprocating cutter, and comprises a fixed cutter, a movable cutter, a blade protector, a blade pressing device and the like, wherein the movable cutter is provided with equi-deep insection triangular or trapezoidal section insections, so that peanut seedlings can be clamped and cut, the average speed of the movable cutter is 1.6m/s, and the fixed cutter is a smooth edge.

The seedling-pulling wheel 220 is an eccentric seedling-pulling wheel, and is used for righting peanut seedlings to facilitate cutting, and pushing the cut peanut seedlings to the auger 230 so as to prevent the peanut seedlings from being accumulated on the header. The seedling-shifting wheel 220 is arranged above the cutting device 210 and comprises a seedling-shifting wheel shaft 221, a seedling-shifting wheel bracket 222, an eccentric wheel bracket 223, a seedling-shifting rod 224, seedling-shifting elastic teeth 225 and a seedling-shifting wheel adjusting frame 226. The eccentricity of the eccentric seedling-poking wheel is 50-100 mm, the seedling-poking elastic teeth 225 are vertical to the ground during normal operation, and when lodging peanut seedlings are harvested, the included angle between the seedling-poking elastic teeth 223 and the ground can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the seedling-poking wheel adjusting frame 225 and the eccentric wheel bracket 222. The positions of the seedling-shifting wheel 220 and the cutting device 210 can be adjusted by the seedling-shifting wheel adjusting frame 225 or the first hydraulic cylinder 260, so that the cut peanut seedlings can be timely shifted to the rear auger 230, and the cut peanut seedlings are prevented from being accumulated on the header. The spacing between the seedling poking elastic teeth 225 is 100-150 mm, and the horizontal direction speed of the tooth tips is 1.2 times of the advancing speed of the normal operation of the machine tool.

As shown in fig. 4, the auger 230 is composed of a left screw blade 231, a right screw blade 232, a cylinder 233, a rear straightening plate 234, and an auger spindle 235. The outer diameter of a cylinder 233 of the auger 230 is 300 +/-20 mm, the rotating directions of the left spiral blade 231 and the right spiral blade 232 are opposite, the height of the spiral blades is 75-100 mm, and the pitch of the spiral blades is 400-450 mm. The backward-inclined straight plates 234 play a role in guiding and pushing the harvested peanut seedlings, are arranged between the left helical blade 231 and the right helical blade 232, are 4 in number in the embodiment, and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 233. The backward inclined angle of the backward inclined plate 234 is 15 °, the angle between the radial extension line of the cylinder 233 and the backward inclined plate 234 is 15 °, the length direction of the backward inclined plate 234 extends in the axial direction of the auger 230, and the radial height is the same as the height of the helical blade. The rear inclined straight plate 234 is connected to a straight plate support plate substantially perpendicular to the width direction of the rear inclined straight plate 234, the straight plate support plate extends in the axial direction of the cylinder 233 and has the same length as the rear inclined straight plate 234, the lower end of the straight plate support plate is fixed to the outer wall of the cylinder 233, and the upper end is supported at the middle of the rear inclined straight plate 234.

When the peanut harvester is in a working state, the auger 230 rotates anticlockwise when viewed from the left side, the cut peanut seedlings are pushed to the rear inclined straight plate 234 from the left side to the middle along the axial direction of the auger 230 by the rotating spiral blades, the peanut seedlings are conveyed backwards to the middle conveying device 300 by the rear inclined straight plate 234, and the rotating speed of the conveyor is 200-250 r/min.

The distance between the two ends of the auger 230 and the header frame 250 and between the auger 230 and the conveying bottom plate 240 can be adjusted to adapt to different peanut seedling yields, the adjustment range of the distance is 10-50mm, when the peanut seedling yield is high, the distance is increased, and when the yield is low, the distance is decreased. The left helical blade 231 and the right helical blade 232 extend into the side wall of the middle conveying device 300 by about 50-60 mm respectively so as to prevent peanut seedlings from being blocked at the inlet of the middle conveying device 300.

The header frame 250 has side plates connecting the auger 230 and the conveying bottom plate 240, and connecting rods connecting the seedling-poking wheel shafts 221 and the seedling-poking wheels 220 with the side plates. The front end of the side plate is formed into a pointed shape at the lower part to separate the crops which are not harvested temporarily.

The first transmission mechanism 270 comprises a chain wheel, a chain, a belt wheel and a belt which are respectively connected with the cutting device 210, the seedling-poking wheel shaft 221 of the seedling-poking wheel 220 and the pusher main shaft 235 of the auger 230, divides the power into three paths and respectively transmits the power to the cutting device 210, the seedling-poking wheel 220 and the auger 230.

The first hydraulic cylinders 260 are arranged on both sides of the seedling-poking wheel 220, one end of which is connected to the header frame 250 through a pin shaft, and the other end of which is connected to the seedling-poking wheel through a pin shaft. The lifting of the seedling-poking wheel 220 can be adjusted by the first hydraulic cylinder 260.

The rear part of the header 200 is provided with a material outlet for conveying the cut peanut seedlings to the middle conveying device 300, and the width of the material outlet is 560mm and is consistent with the width of the feeding inlet of the middle conveying device 300 at the rear part. The header 200 and the wheel-type chassis are arranged in a left-right position offset manner, so that the header 200 can completely cut peanut seedlings on a whole ridge when the tire of the wheel-type chassis runs on a peanut furrow. The up-down position of the header 200 and the wheel chassis can be adjusted by the hydraulic system 600.

[ intermediate transfer device 300]

Fig. 5 and 6 are schematic structural views of an intermediate conveyance device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the intermediate transfer device 300 includes an upper front roller 310, a lower front roller 320, an upper rear roller 330, a lower rear roller 340, an anti-wind knife 350, an intermediate transfer device frame 360, a guide plate, and a second transmission mechanism 380. The width of the material feeding inlet of the intermediate conveying device 300 is 560mm, and is adapted to the width of the material outlet of the header 200.

The middle conveying device rack 360 is connected with and supports each chain wheel of the second transmission mechanism 380 through a bearing seat, and the upper end of the middle conveying device rack 360 is connected with and fixed with a transmission shaft of the second transmission mechanism 380 through the bearing seat. Two sides of each roller are provided with side plates 361 for connecting and fixing each roller, and a conveying channel for peanut seedlings is arranged between the two side plates 361.

The middle part of the middle conveying device frame 360 is provided with a front upper roller 310, a front lower roller 320, a rear upper roller 330 and a rear lower roller 340, and all the rollers are transversely arranged. The upper rear roller 330 is arranged above the upper front roller 310, and the lower rear roller 340 is arranged above the lower front roller 320; the front lower roller 320 is disposed rearward with respect to the front upper roller 310, and the rear lower roller 340 is disposed rearward with respect to the rear upper roller 330.

The front upper roller 310 comprises a roller 311, serrated seedling pulling plates 312, a rotating shaft 313 and annular side plates 314, the outer diameter of the roller 311 is 185mm, the total height of the serrated seedling pulling plates 312 is 60mm, the height of the serrations is not less than 30mm, the number of the serrated seedling pulling plates 312 is 8 in the embodiment, the 8 serrated seedling pulling plates 312 are perpendicular to the roller 311, and the serrated seedling pulling plates are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the roller 311 and are installed on the roller 311 in a welding mode. The front lower roller 320 consists of a roller 321, a splayed seedling pulling rod 322 and a rotating shaft 323, the outer diameter of the roller 321 is 266mm, the splayed seedling pulling rod 322 is formed by bending deformed steel with the diameter of 12mm, the top end of the splayed seedling pulling rod is opposite to the conveying direction and is formed into strip-shaped bulges, the number of the strip-shaped bulges is 10, and the strip-shaped bulges are uniformly welded on the roller 321. The rear upper roller 330 comprises a roller 331, serrated seedling pulling plates 332, a rotating shaft 333 and annular side plates 334, the outer diameter of the roller 331 is 136mm, the total height of the serrated seedling pulling plates 332 is 32mm, the height of the serrations is not less than 15mm, the number of the serrated seedling pulling plates 332 is 10, 10 serrated seedling pulling plates 332 are perpendicular to the roller 331, and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the roller 331 and are installed on the roller 331 in a welding mode. The post-lower roller 340 is a smooth roller having an outer diameter of 160 mm. The upper front roller 310 and the upper rear roller 330 rotate in the same direction, and the lower front roller 320 and the lower rear roller 340 rotate in the same direction, thereby forming a path for conveying the peanut seedlings cut off from the header 200 to the rear side between the upper front roller 310 and the upper rear roller 330 and the lower front roller 320 and the lower rear roller 340. In addition, in order to facilitate the arrangement of equipment, the passage is inclined upwards to convey the peanut seedlings so as to realize stable conveying.

In the embodiment, the serrated seedling pulling plate 312 of the front upper roller 310, the splayed seedling pulling rod 322 of the front lower roller 320 and the serrated seedling pulling plate 332 of the rear upper roller 330 can be used for pushing the peanut seedlings, the incidental impurities are separated from the peanut seedlings due to the contact and rubbing with the peanut seedlings during rolling, the separated impurities directly fall on the ground, and the direction of the seedling rod is changed during conveying to be approximately longitudinal, so that the direction of the seedling rod when the seedling rod is fed into the cutting and throwing device is suitable for cutting.

The front upper roller 310 and the rear upper roller 330 are fixed into a whole through an inter-roller connecting plate 362 and a bolt, and are connected with a side plate 361 through a pressing mechanism 363, the left side and the right side of the pressing mechanism 363 are respectively provided with 1 set of at least two hanging lugs arranged in front and back, and a spring 3631 for tensioning the inter-roller connecting plate 362 and the side plate 361 downwards, the hanging lugs on the same side are respectively welded on the side plate 361 and the inter-roller connecting plate 362, and the spring 3631 is arranged between the hanging lugs. The number of the limiting pipes is 4, and 2 limiting pipes are a group, and are respectively fixed to the side plates 361 on the two sides, and are used for limiting the front and rear positions of the front upper roller 310 and the rear upper roller 330, so that the inter-roller connecting plate 362 carrying the front upper roller 310 and the rear upper roller 330 only translates in a substantially vertical direction. The front upper roller 310 and the rear upper roller 330 are connected by the inter-roller connecting plates 362 at both ends, so that the front upper roller 310 and the rear upper roller 330 are in a vertically floating state relative to the front lower roller 320 and the rear lower roller 340, and the tension spring 3631 is arranged between the inter-roller connecting plate 362 and the side plate on which the front lower roller 320 and the rear lower roller 340 are installed, so that the thickness change of a fed material layer can be adapted, the compression force on the material is ensured, and the feeding amount and the seedling cutting quality of the subsequent cutting and throwing device 400 are further ensured.

The lower front roller 320 and the lower rear roller 340 are fixed to the side plate 361 by means of a bearing with a seat. The minimum center distance between the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320 is 312mm, the minimum center distance between the rear upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 is 186mm, the configuration is compact, so that when peanut seedlings pass through the rollers, the rollers are stably clamped, and the situation of missing and dropping the seedlings is prevented.

The outer edge linear speeds of the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320 are equal, the rotating directions are opposite, the outer edge linear speeds of the rear upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 are equal, the rotating directions are opposite, and the outer edge linear speeds of the rear upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 are about 1.1 times of the outer edge linear speeds of the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320. The accumulation of peanut seedlings during the conveying between the upper and lower roller sets can be avoided by making the linear speeds of the outer edges of the rear upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 slightly larger than those of the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320. This is because, when the peanut seedlings as the material pass through the roller set formed by the upper front roller 310 and the lower front roller 320, the compacted state is released, and when the peanut seedlings enter the roller set formed by the upper rear roller 330 and the lower rear roller 340 again, if the linear speeds of the outer edges of the front and rear roller sets are the same, relatively short peanut seedlings are loosened and accumulated between the two roller sets. In contrast, as in the present embodiment, the rear upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 have the outer edge linear velocity slightly greater than the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320, that is, the rear roller set has the outer edge linear velocity slightly greater than the outer edge linear velocity of the front roller set, so that the loosened peanut seedlings passing through the front roller set can be smoothly conveyed to the rear side in a relatively loose state.

In the present embodiment, the second transmission mechanism 380 is used to drive the rollers of the intermediate transfer device 300, and the front upper roller 310 and the rear upper roller 330 are in a floating state with respect to the front lower roller 320 and the rear lower roller 340, and therefore are in a universal joint transmission type with respect to the front upper roller 310 and the rear upper roller 330.

As shown in fig. 7, the anti-wrap knife 350 is provided at the rear upper side of the rotating shaft of the rear lower roller 340, the anti-wrap knife 350 has a cutting edge directed to the outer wall surface of the rear lower roller 340, the cutting edge has an angle of 20 to 25 °, the distance between the cutting edge of the anti-wrap knife 350 and the rear lower roller 340 is 0.2 to 0.5mm, and the distance can be adjusted by the long hole of the anti-wrap knife 350, so that the impurities such as peanut seedlings wound on the roller can be removed.

In the present embodiment, the intermediate conveyance device 300 further has a guide plate including two side guide plates 371 and a lower guide plate 372. The two side guide plates 371 are respectively positioned at the left and right sides of the feeding opening, the inner sides of the two side plates 361 reduce the internal space of the middle conveying device 300 from the front side to the rear side, the tail end is positioned between the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320, and the distance between the rear ends of the two side guide plates 371 is smaller than the cylinder length of the front upper roller 310 or the front lower roller 320. The two side guide plates 371 are used for guiding the peanut seedlings between the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320, preventing the peanut seedlings from being wound around the rotating shaft of the rollers, and the end of the side guide plates is positioned between the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320, so that the longitudinal length can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced as much as possible under the condition that the stable operation of the intermediate conveying device 300 is ensured.

The lower guide plate 372 is positioned below the feeding opening, the tail edge of the lower guide plate 372 is slightly higher than the upper part of the central line of the rotating shaft 323 of the front lower roller 320, the distance between the lower guide plate 372 and the splayed seedling pulling rod 322 is less than 5mm, and the lower guide plate is used for guiding peanut seedlings to be between the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320 and preventing the peanut seedlings from falling out of the middle seedling conveying device 300.

The front end of the middle conveying device frame 360 is provided with a hanging mechanism 364 which is fixed with the header frame 250 of the header 200 through the hanging mechanism 364 and bolts, the rear end is provided with a bearing seat 365, the bearing seat 365 is connected and installed with a bearing of a cutter shaft 4122 of the cutting and throwing device 400, the configuration is compact, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the middle conveying device frame 360 and the cutting and throwing device frame 430, and the header 200 and the middle conveying device 300 can rotate up and down around the central line of the cutter shaft 4122 of the cutting and throwing device 400 under the action of a hydraulic system 600 so as to meet the requirements of the height of cutting and stubble remaining of peanut seedlings. The front end of the middle conveying device 300 is fixed with the header 200 through a hanging mechanism 364, the rear end is fixed with the cutting and polishing device 400 through a bearing and a bearing seat 365, the middle conveying device rack 360 is connected between the header 200 and the cutting and polishing device 400, and when the middle conveying device rack 360 is in a working state, the middle conveying device rack 360 is inclined upwards from front to back.

[ cutting and polishing device 400]

As shown in fig. 8, 12 and 13, the cutting and throwing device 400 comprises a chopping part 410 and a seedling throwing part 420 which are arranged on a frame 430 of the cutting and throwing device and driven by a third transmission mechanism 450. The shredding unit 410 shreds the peanut vine, and the seedling throwing unit 420 throws the shredded peanut vine to the bin 500. The cutting and polishing device 400 is fixed to the base plate 100 by a cutting and polishing device frame 430.

The shredding section 410 includes a stationary knife 411 and a shredding device 412. The stationary blade 411 is a straight blade, and is mounted on the blade holder 351 by a bolt. As shown in fig. 9, the cutter device 412 is of a hob type, and includes a cutter plate 4121, a cutter shaft 4122, a hob 4123, a locking pressure plate 4124, a hob mounting seat 4125, a mounting seat upright plate 4126, and a hob mounting plate 4127. The shredder 412 is mounted to the chassis 100 by a bearing mount. The cutter 4121 is a disc which is respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the cutter shaft 4122, the distance between the two cutters is 580mm, the effective working width is ensured to be larger than the width of the feeding opening of the middle conveying device 300 by about 20mm, the distance between the two cutters 4121 is matched with the structural size of the chassis 100 and the structural size of the middle conveying device 300, and the cutter shaft 4122 is connected with a belt wheel of the third transmission mechanism 450 to drive the cutter shaft 4122 to rotate. The cutter 4121 is provided with evenly distributed round holes, air enters the harvester during the travel, and the air enters along with the rotation of the cutter shaft 4122 to increase the air inlet amount, so that the seedlings are thrown smoothly, the weight of the cutter 4121 is favorably reduced, and the power consumption is reduced. As shown in fig. 10, the hob 4123 is a flat plate-shaped cutter, the cutting angle of the flat plate-shaped cutter is 20-30 degrees, the cutting edge contour line is an elliptic curve, the included angle between the connecting line between the left and right cutting edges of the flat plate-shaped cutter and the central line of the cutter shaft 4122 is 5-7 degrees, the rake angle of the cutter face of the flat plate-shaped cutter is less than 55 degrees, which is beneficial to reducing discontinuous impact load when peanut seedlings are chopped, the rotating radius of the hob 4123 is 800mm, and the rotating speed is 1000 rpm. The hob 4123 is mounted to a hob mounting plate 4127 bridging the cutterheads 4121 on both sides by bolts. Further, a locking pressure plate 4124 having an inverted "V" shaped cross section is provided between the bolt and the hob 4123, the locking pressure plate 4124 is made of a spring steel plate, and the hob 4213 rotating at a high speed is prevented from moving or falling off and separating from the hob mounting seat 4125.

In the present embodiment, in order to increase the mounting strength of the hob 4124, as shown in fig. 9 and 11, the body of the hob mounting seat 4125 is designed to have a "U" -shaped cross section, the height of the cross section is 90mm, the width of the cross-sectional opening is 80mm smaller than the width of the hob, the upper end surface of the hob mounting plate 4127 is 5mm lower than the upper end surface of the "U" -shaped cross-sectional surface, the bolt is screwed to the screw hole of the hob mounting plate 4127 through the through hole of the hob 4123, so that the hob 4123 is fixed to the upper end of the opening side of the hob mounting seat 4125, the hob mounting seat 4125 is fixed to the edge of the hob 4121 through the mounting seat vertical plate 4126, since the hob mounting seat 4125 is formed in a "U" -shape, the strength of the hob mounting seat 4125 can be increased, and a plurality of hobs are mounted in the circumferential direction of the hob mounting seat 4121 by the hob mounting seat 4125, and the arrangement direction of the hob mounting seat 4125 extends in the radial direction of the hob 4121 to function as a fan blade, thereby increasing the throwing power; when the number of the hobbing cutters 4123 is ensured to be in a working state, at least one hobbing cutter 4123 can be matched with the fixed cutter 411 to carry out peanut seedling cutting operation, and impact load caused by continuous seedling cutting is reduced.

The distance between the hob 4123 and the fixed knife 411 is 1-2 mm, and the hob 4123 rotates to circularly cut through the fixed knife 411 fixed on the knife holder 315, so that the peanut seedlings output from the intermediate conveying device 300 are chopped. The tool apron 351 of the fixed knife 411 is welded at the rear part of the middle conveying device frame 360 at a certain angle so as to ensure that the fixed knife 411 is in a vertical state with the tangential direction of the hobbing cutter 4123 when being tangent to the hobbing cutter 4123, and a certain distance is kept, and the distance can be adjusted according to actual conditions so as to realize the best seedling crushing effect.

The anti-winding knife 350 and the fixed knife 411 of the cutting and throwing device 400 share a knife seat 351, the anti-winding knife 350 is pressed on the fixed knife 411 and is installed on the knife seat 351 together, the distance between the cutting edge of the anti-winding knife 350 and the rear lower roller 340 is 0.2-0.5 mm, and the distance can be adjusted through a long hole in the anti-winding knife 350, so that peanut seedlings are output from the space between the rear upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 and then immediately move to the position above the anti-winding knife 350, and the length of the anti-winding knife 350 is the same as that of the rear lower roller 340. The anti-tangling knife 350 guides the peanut seedlings to the output end of the fixed knife 411 of the shredding part 410, namely the input port of the cutting and throwing device 400 along the knife surface, so that the feeding depth of the peanut seedlings into the cutting and throwing device 400 is proper, the peanut seedlings input from the cutting platform 200 can be quickly and timely fed to the cutting and throwing device 400, and the peanut seedlings are not accumulated in the intermediate conveying device 300.

As shown in fig. 8, the seedling throwing portion 420 includes a cutting and throwing chamber 421, a seedling throwing pipe 422 and a seedling throwing direction regulating mechanism 423. The cutting and throwing cavity 421 comprises a front upper shield 4211, a front lower shield 4212, a rear upper shield 4213, a rear lower shield 4214, shield side plates 4215, seedling throwing flat tubes 4216, square through round tubes 4217 and round tubes 4218.

The front upper shield 4211 is a circular arc plate, is fixed on the middle conveying device rack 360 through bolts, can rotate around the cutter shaft 4122 along with the lifting of the cutting table, and has the inner wall of the shield 10mm away from the hob. The front lower shield 4212 is a circular arc plate with an inner wall at a distance of 4mm from the hob. The rear upper shield 4213 is a circular arc plate, the distance between the inner wall of the rear upper shield and the hobbing cutter is 5mm, and the tail end of the rear upper shield is connected with the lower end of the seedling throwing flat tube 4126. The rear upper shield 4213 is wrapped inside the front upper shield 4211 and the front upper shield 4213 still covers the rear upper shield 4211 when the header 200 is in the lowest operating position. The rear lower shield 4214 is involute, the tail end of the rear lower shield 4214 is connected with the lower end of the seedling throwing flat tube 4126, the bending degree of the rear lower shield 4214 from the joint with the front lower shield 4212 to the joint with the seedling throwing flat tube 4126 is gradually reduced, the minimum value of the inner wall distance from the hobbing cutter is 5mm, and the distance between the involute tail end and the hobbing cutter 4123 is 50 mm. Each shield covers the exterior of the shredder 412 so that the shredder 412 is generally centered in the cylinder defined by each shield.

The flat seedling-throwing tube 4216 is formed by welding four steel plates, the flat seedling-throwing tube 4216 gradually shrinks from front to back and from left to right, the lower steel plate is in smooth transition with the rear lower protective cover 4214, the unsmooth peanut seedling throwing process is prevented, a window is arranged below the flat seedling-throwing tube 4126, the blocked peanut seedlings are convenient to overhaul and clean, and the window is in a closed state during working. The square round passing tube 4217 is sleeved at the tail end of the flat seedling throwing tube 4216, the transition length of the square round passing tube 4217 is 400mm, fixed angle steel is welded around the front lower end of the square round passing tube 4217 and used for fixing the square round passing tube 4217, the seedling throwing and direction adjusting mechanism 423 and the like on the chassis 100, and a round tube 4218 is welded at the tail end of the square round passing tube 4217 and used for installing part of parts of the seedling throwing and direction adjusting mechanism 423.

The front upper shield 4211, the front lower shield 4212, the rear upper shield 4213 and the rear lower shield 4214 are enclosed into a cylindrical shape, and shield side plates 4215 are provided at both sides to form a space for air to enter and flow inside. The hob 4123 and the hob mounting seat 4125 function as blades when rotating at a high speed, so that air entering from the circular hole of the cutter 4121 forms an air flow, a vortex area is formed in the shield, and broken seedlings are blown into the seedling throwing flat tube 4216. The rear lower shield 4214 in the involute shape is beneficial to smoothly throwing the chopped peanut seedlings to the flat seedling throwing pipe 4216, and the flat seedling throwing pipe 4216 and the rear lower shield 4214 are in smooth transition, so that the throwing process is smoother. Therefore, the harvester does not need to be provided with a fan, the configuration of the whole harvester is simplified, the weight of the whole harvester is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the seedling throwing tube 422 comprises a tube body 4221, a tail plate 4222, a first support 4223, a second support 4224, a second hydraulic cylinder 4225, a hinge 4226 and a reinforcing rib 4227. The head end of the seedling throwing pipe 422 is sleeved outside the round pipe 4218.

The longitudinal cross-sectional shapes of the upper plate and the lower plate of the tube 4221 are both circular arcs. In order to ensure that the seedling throwing pipe 422 has enough strength, reinforcing ribs 4227 are welded on steel plates at two sides of the seedling throwing pipe 422. In order to facilitate cleaning of peanut seedlings blocked in the seedling throwing pipe 422, the steel plate below the seedling throwing pipe 422 is only partially sealed, and the sealing length is about half of the length of the whole seedling throwing pipe 422.

As shown in fig. 12 and 14, the seedling throwing and direction adjusting mechanism 423 comprises a hydraulic motor 4231, a motor bracket 4232, a driving chain wheel 4233, a driven chain wheel 4234, a track 4235 and a rotary ring 4236. One end of the motor support 4232 is fixed with the round tube 4218, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 4231 penetrates through a mounting surface of the motor support 4232, and the hydraulic motor 4231 is fixed on the round tube 4218 through the motor support 4232. The driven chain wheel 4234 and the rotary ring 4236 are fixed through bolts, the seedling throwing pipe 422 is fixed on the driven chain wheel 4234, the rotary ring 4236 and the seedling throwing pipe 422 are integrated, the track 4235 is welded on the circular pipe 4218, and the driving chain wheel 4233 is connected with the driven chain wheel 4234 through a chain. When the seedling throwing direction is adjusted, the hydraulic motor 4231 drives the driving chain wheel 4233, the driving chain wheel 4233 drives the driven chain wheel 4234 to rotate, and the driven chain wheel 4234 rotates on the track 4235 relative to the track 4236.

As shown in fig. 13, the first support 4223 is welded to the upper surface of the driven sprocket 4234, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 4225 is connected to the first support 4223 by a pin, the other end is connected to the second support 4224 by a pin, and the second support 4224 is connected to the pipe body 4221, and in this embodiment, is hinged to the outer wall of the lower plate of the pipe body 4221. The lower portion of the rear side of the lower plate is fixed to a driven sprocket 4234 by a hinge 4226, and the front side of the upper plate is connected and fixed to the driven sprocket 4234 by a second hydraulic cylinder 4225.

When the driven chain wheel 4234 rotates, the seedling throwing pipe 422 fixed on the driven chain wheel 4234 through the second support 4224 and the hinge 4226 can rotate along with the driven chain wheel 4234, so that the seedling throwing pipe 422 can rotate left and right through the seedling throwing direction adjusting mechanism 423. The second hydraulic cylinder 4223 reciprocates between the first support 4223 and the second support 4224, so that the seedling throwing pipe 422 is stretched and contracted through the second hydraulic cylinder 4223 to lay down (in an overhauling or transporting state) or erect (in a working state) the seedling throwing pipe 422.

The tail plate 4222 is connected with the upper plate of the pipe body 4221, extends from the tail end of the upper plate, bends towards the rear and lower direction, guides broken peanut seedlings to fall downwards after being thrown out, cannot be sprayed out from the output port of the seedling throwing pipe 422 in a spraying shape, is fixed at the tail end of the seedling throwing pipe 422 through a bolt rod, is welded at the outer upper side of the seedling throwing pipe 422, prevents peanut seedlings from being blocked by the bolt rod, and can adjust the tail plate 4222 to rotate around the central line of the bolt rod at different angles through the bolt rod to control the peanut seedlings to fall at different positions in the front and at the back of the material box 500. Real-time adjustment may also be performed by the electric or hydraulic system 600 for easier adjustment of the tailgate 4222. The direction of the seedling throwing pipe 422 can be controlled by driving the driving chain wheel 4233 and the driven chain wheel 4234 to rotate by the hydraulic motor 4231, so that peanut seedlings fall on different left and right positions in the feed box 500.

[ case 500]

As shown in figure 1, the bin 500 is arranged below the output port of the seedling-throwing pipe 422 at the rear part of the whole machine, the front side plate of the bin 500 is provided with an opening with the width of 40cm and the height of 50cm, and the size and the position of the opening are matched with those of the seedling-throwing pipe 422, so that the seedling-throwing pipe 422 can be adjusted up and down between the openings. When the harvester is transferred in the field, the seedling throwing pipe 422 can be put down to the opening, and the transportation height is reduced. The material box 500 adopts a rear discharging mode, a box plate behind the material box 500 is an inclined plate, and an included angle between the inclined plate and a horizontal plane is 40-50 degrees, so that smooth discharging is facilitated; when unloading, the hydraulic system 600 is adopted to turn the material over, and the material is poured into other carrying equipment or the ground.

[ Hydraulic System 600]

The power of the hydraulic system 600 is derived from an engine of the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester, and is used for providing power sources for the lifting of the header 200, the stepless speed change adjustment of the chassis 100, the lifting of the seedling poking wheel 220, the up-and-down adjustment of the seedling throwing pipe 422, the left-and-right rotation adjustment of the seedling throwing direction adjusting mechanism 423, the unloading of the bin 500 and the like.

[ Intelligent monitoring System for work State ]

The intelligent operation state monitoring system monitors the operation state in real time, adopts an electromagnetic induction type position sensor, a non-contact dynamic rotation torque sensor and an optical flow velocity sensor, applies a digital telemetering technology, and monitors parameters mainly comprising the reciprocating motion frequency of a moving blade of the cutting device 210, the torque of a main shaft 235 of the auger, the torque of a main transmission shaft of a second transmission mechanism 380 of the intermediate conveying device 300, the torque of a cutter shaft 4122 of the cutting and polishing device 400 and the forward speed of machine tool operation, transmits the monitored data to a human-computer interface terminal through a digital wireless data transmission channel, respectively displays the monitored data in a touch screen after calculation and analysis, and gives an alarm to abnormal parameters.

The sensors of the intelligent monitoring system for the working state can be arranged at corresponding positions of monitored parts, and the signal processor, the touch screen and the alarm are arranged in the cab 700.

[ working procedure ]

Harvesting: the header 200 harvests fresh peanut seedlings, the average speed of the moving blades of the cutting device 210 is 1.6m/s, and peanut seedling stems are cut. The seedling poking wheel 220 timely pokes the cut peanut seedlings to the rear auger 230, the left helical blade 231 and the right helical blade 232 of the auger 230 guide the peanut seedlings to the rear inclined straight plate 234, and the peanut seedlings are poked and conveyed by the rear inclined straight plate 234 and are sent out of the header 200 from the material outlet.

Intermediate conveying: fresh peanut seedlings fed into the middle conveying device 300 are fed between the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320 along the direction of the side guide plate 371 and the lower guide plate 372, the peanut seedlings are pushed between the front upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 through the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320, the linear speed of the outer edges of the rear upper roller 330 and the rear lower roller 340 is slightly larger than that of the front upper roller 310 and the front lower roller 320, and therefore accumulation of the peanut seedlings when the peanut seedlings are conveyed between the upper roller set and the lower roller set is avoided.

The pushing of peanut seedlings is guided by the serrated seedling pulling plate 312 of the front upper roller 310, the splayed seedling pulling rod 322 of the front lower roller 320 and the serrated seedling pulling plate 332 of the rear upper roller 330, and the direction of the seedling rod is changed in the conveying process to be approximately longitudinal, so that the direction of the seedling rod when the seedling rod is fed into the cutting and throwing device is suitable for cutting.

And (3) cutting treatment: after the peanut fresh seedlings are output by the upper rear roller 330 and the lower rear roller 340, the peanut seedlings are guided to a gap between the fixed cutter 411 and the hob 4123 of the chopping portion 410 along the cutter surface by the anti-winding cutter 350, and the hob 4123 rotates to circularly cut through the fixed cutter 411 fixed on the cutter holder 315, so that the peanut fresh seedlings are chopped.

Throwing and collecting: when the hob 4123 and the hob mounting seat 4125 rotate at a high speed, air entering from the circular hole of the cutter 4121 forms an air flow, a vortex area is formed in the protective cover, fresh chopped peanut seedlings are in the protective cover outside the chopping device 412, blow into the seedling throwing flat tube 4216 along with the air flow, enter the seedling throwing tube 422, and are received by the bin 500 from the seedling throwing tube 422.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "connect", "mount", "fix", and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connect" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. May be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cutting and throwing device for a self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester comprises a header, a cutting table and a cutting table, wherein the header is provided with a seedling poking wheel, an auger pusher and a cutting device, the auger pusher and the cutting device are arranged on the rear side of the seedling poking wheel, the seedling poking wheel is used for righting peanut seedlings and pushing the peanut seedlings to the auger pusher, the cutting device is used for cutting the peanut seedlings, and spiral blades arranged on the auger pusher are used for sending the peanut seedlings to the rear side; the middle conveying device is provided with a plurality of conveying roller sets which are arranged in the front and at the back and used for conveying the peanut seedlings sent out by the header; a cutting and throwing device which receives the peanut seedlings from the intermediate conveying device and throws the cut peanut seedlings to a specified accumulating device; a chassis having a running system; and an intelligent monitoring system for monitoring the operation state, measuring the information of the cutting device, the spiral conveyer, the middle conveying device, the cutting and polishing device and the chassis advancing speed, displaying the information and giving an alarm for abnormity, wherein the cutting and polishing device is characterized by comprising:

the cutting part and the seedling throwing part, the cutting part is the hobbing cutter formula, includes:

the cutter heads are arranged on the left side and the right side of the transverse direction, and round holes are uniformly distributed on the cutter heads;

a cutter shaft penetrating through the center of the cutter head;

a plurality of hob mounting seats which are installed between the cutterheads on the two sides in a bridging manner;

a plurality of hob mounting plates welded on the mounting base;

the hob cutter is arranged on the hob cutter mounting plate, the hob cutter is a flat cutter, the cutting edge angle of the flat cutter is 20-30 degrees, the cutting edge contour line is an elliptic curve, and the rake angle of the cutter face mounting is less than 55 degrees;

a seedling throwing part cutting and throwing cavity body which coats the cutting part and comprises,

a front upper shield, a front lower shield, a rear upper shield, a rear lower shield and shield side plates on two sides which enclose a cavity; and a seedling throwing flat pipe which is arranged at the upper part of the rear side of the cavity and is used as an outlet of the cavity,

the front upper shield and the front lower shield are circular arc plates, the distance between the front upper shield and the hob is greater than the distance between the front lower shield and the hob,

the rear upper shield is a circular arc plate, the tail end of the rear upper shield is connected with the lower end of the seedling throwing flat pipe,

the rear lower protective cover is in an involute shape, the tail end of the rear lower protective cover is connected with the lower end of the seedling throwing flat pipe,

the inner parts of the front upper shield, the front lower shield, the rear upper shield, the rear lower shield and the shield side plates form a space which can enable air to enter and flow, the air enters from the round hole of the cutter head and forms air flow along with the rotation of the hob and the hob mounting seat, and chopped peanut seedlings are blown into the seedling throwing flat tubes.

2. The cutting and throwing device for the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester of claim 1,

the section of the hob mounting seat is U-shaped, and the hob is mounted at the opening end of the U-shaped.

3. The cutting and throwing device for the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester of claim 2,

the hob is fixed on the hob mounting seat by enabling a bolt to penetrate through a through hole of the hob and to be tightly screwed with a screw hole of the hob mounting plate.

4. The cutting and throwing device for the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

and the hobbing cutter is fixed on the hobbing cutter mounting seat by a bolt through a V-shaped anti-loosening pressing plate.

5. The cutting and throwing device for the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester of claim 4,

the bending degree of the rear lower shield is gradually reduced from the joint of the rear lower shield and the front lower shield to the joint of the rear lower shield and the seedling throwing flat tube, the distance between the inner wall and the hob is 5mm, and the distance between the involute tail end and the hob is 50 mm.

6. The cutting and throwing device for the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester of claim 5,

has an arc-shaped bent seedling-throwing pipe connected with the flat seedling-throwing pipe.

7. The cutting and throwing device for the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester of claim 6,

the seedling throwing pipe is connected with the seedling throwing flat pipe through a seedling throwing direction adjusting mechanism.

8. The cutting and throwing device for the self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester of claim 7,

the seedling throwing and direction adjusting mechanism comprises:

a circular tube connected with the seedling throwing flat tube and provided with an annular track at the periphery of the tail end;

a motor support fixed on the round tube and used for arranging a motor;

a driven wheel disc which is arranged at the front end of the seedling throwing pipe in a hinged mode and is driven by the motor; and

and under the state of clamping the track, the rotating ring is buckled and fixed with the driven wheel disc.

9. A peanut seedling harvesting method is characterized in that:

harvesting fresh peanut seedlings using a peanut seedling harvester with a cutting and throwing device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8.