CN107493812B - Forage rape combine harvester is with comminution device - Google Patents
Forage rape combine harvester is with comminution device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107493812B CN107493812B CN201710729004.7A CN201710729004A CN107493812B CN 107493812 B CN107493812 B CN 107493812B CN 201710729004 A CN201710729004 A CN 201710729004A CN 107493812 B CN107493812 B CN 107493812B
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- chopper
- fixed cutter
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- hob
- cutting edge
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
- A01D43/086—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters and means for collecting, gathering or loading mown material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting device for a forage rape combine harvester, which comprises a supporting frame, a lower housing, an upper housing, a fixed cutter combination and a flat hob cutter; the flat hob chopper comprises a hollow cylindrical flat hob chopper base, chopper rib plates, a chopper main shaft and two groups of movable knife supporting plate groups, wherein the chopper main shaft axially penetrates through the flat hob chopper base, two ends of the chopper main shaft respectively extend out of the chopper rib plates, the two groups of movable knife supporting plate groups are welded on the flat hob chopper base, and two ends of the chopper main shaft are respectively fixed on side beams on two sides of the supporting frame through bearings with seats. The blades of the chopper are arranged in a bilateral staggered manner at intervals, so that when the blade of the previous movable blade leaves the stalk layer, the blade of the next movable blade just enters the stalk layer, and the uniform load and small fluctuation of the roller shaft of the chopper during working are realized; the materials can be gathered and conveyed towards the middle by bilateral staggered arrangement, so that the materials are prevented from being scattered and accumulated on the two side wall surfaces of the housing, and the materials are favorably thrown towards the material collecting box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of a rape feeding combine harvester, and particularly relates to a chopping device for a rape feeding combine harvester.
Background
The middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river are the main production areas of rape crops in China. Rape is not only an important oil crop, but also its plants can be used as greenfeed and silage, etc. The development of rape for feeding is an important measure of the policy of changing the grain into the feed. The double-low feeding rape has strong adaptability, easy cultivation, high yield, fast growth, low cost and good feeding effect, and is an important source of high-quality green and coarse fodder and spring and winter fodder. The key is to promote the rapid development of the rape crops for feeding in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river, promote the deep fusion of farming, pasturing and breeding, and realize simple, convenient and efficient mechanized production technology. In the prior art, the chopping device of the rape combine for feeding has the problems of high rotating speed, high power consumption, poor chopping performance, poor throwing capability and the like due to the fact that the number of blades is small (4) and the cutting mode is tangent, and the stalks are easy to jam after being re-cut due to untimely throwing and sending, so that the chopping performance and the use efficiency of machines and tools are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the cutting device for the rape combine harvester for feeding, which has high reliability and strong cutting and throwing capabilities aiming at the defects of the technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs a cutting device for a rape combine for feeding, which comprises a supporting frame, a lower housing embedded in the supporting frame, an upper housing matched with the lower housing to form a hollow cavity, a fixed cutter combination arranged on the supporting frame, and a flat hob cutter which is arranged in the hollow cavity; a feed inlet communicated with the hollow cavity is formed in the front plate of the lower housing, and a material throwing channel communicated with the hollow cavity is formed in the upper housing;
the flat hob chopper comprises a hollow cylindrical flat hob chopper base, two chopper rib plates welded at two end parts of the flat hob chopper base respectively, a chopper main shaft axially penetrating through the flat hob chopper base and two ends of the chopper main shaft extending out of the chopper rib plates respectively, and two groups of knife supporting plate groups welded on the flat hob chopper base, wherein two ends of the chopper main shaft are fixed on side beams at two sides of the supporting frame through bearings with seats respectively; the two groups of movable knife supporting plate groups respectively comprise a plurality of movable knife supporting plates which are uniformly welded on the base of the flat hob chopper along the circumferential direction, and the movable knife supporting plates of the two groups of movable knife supporting plate groups are equal in number and are alternately arranged; each move and all install a slice through moving the sword backplate and move the sword in the sword backup pad.
The fixed knife assembly comprises a fixed knife supporting plate arranged on the supporting frame and a fixed knife arranged on the fixed knife supporting plate, and the fixed knife is positioned right in front of the feeding hole.
Furthermore, the mounting forward inclination angle of each movable knife is gradually increased from 28 degrees to 40 degrees, the inclination angle is 4-6 degrees, and the edge angle of the cutting edge of the movable knife is 18-22 degrees; the cutting edge angle of the fixed cutter is 65-75 degrees, and the distance between the fixed cutter cutting edge and the vertical central plane of the flat hob shredder base in the axial direction is 28-32 mm.
Furthermore, the mounting forward inclination angle of each movable blade is gradually increased from 30 degrees to 37 degrees, the inclination angle is 5 degrees, and the blade angle of the cutting edge of the movable blade is 20 degrees; the cutting edge angle of the fixed cutter cutting edge is 70 degrees, and the distance between the fixed cutter cutting edge and the vertical central plane of the flat hob shredder base in the axial direction is 30mm.
Furthermore, the upper housing comprises a hollow upper housing body which is arranged above the lower housing and is fixed on the lower housing in an involution manner through bolts, and a material throwing cylinder which is arranged at a material throwing opening of the hollow upper housing body, and the material throwing channel is positioned inside the material throwing cylinder; the material throwing port of the hollow upper housing body is a square material throwing port, and the cross section of the material throwing channel is a square surface.
Furthermore, a plurality of waist-shaped holes matched with the bolt holes in the fixed cutter supporting plate are formed in the fixed cutter, and the adjusting direction of each waist-shaped hole is perpendicular to the cutting edge direction of the fixed cutter; the cutting adjusting gap between the movable knife close to the fixed knife and the fixed knife is 0-0.4 mm.
Furthermore, two side plates of the lower housing are respectively provided with a notch for two ends of the chopper main shaft to pass through, each notch is welded with a housing side plate, and the housing side plates are provided with fixing grooves for the end parts of the chopper main shaft to pass through.
Further, the radial minimum clearance between the flat hob shredder and the upper housing and the lower housing is not less than 7mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the chopper has the advantages of simple structural design and manufacture, stable chopping, good throwing performance, high efficiency, low energy consumption, small abrasion to the blade, blade grinding cost reduction and the like.
2. The chopper blade adopts two sides crisscross to arrange, and arranges the interval and satisfies when the preceding sword that moves leaves the stalk layer, the next sword that moves just gets into the stalk layer to it is even, undulant little to realize the chopper at the load that the during operation drum axle receives.
3. Compared with a single-side plate type hob type chopper in the market, the double-side staggered arrangement of the chopper can gather materials to the middle for conveying, prevents the materials from being scattered and accumulated on two side wall surfaces of the housing, and is beneficial to throwing the materials to a material collecting box.
4. The test shows that: the chopper has the advantages of good chopping effect, uniform chopping length and regular cut.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of a rape combine for feeding;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cutting device of the rape combine for feed of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the flat hob shredder of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the base of the flat hob shredder of FIG. 4.
In the figure: the device comprises a harvesting device 1, a feeding and conveying device 2, a chassis walking device 3, a chopping device 4, an aggregate discharging device 5, an upper cover shell 6 (wherein: a hollow upper cover shell body 6.1, a material throwing cylinder 6.2 and a material throwing opening 6.3), a cover shell side plate 7 (wherein: a fixed groove 7.1), a hollow cavity 8, a bearing with a seat 9, a lower cover shell 10 (wherein: a gap 10.1 and a side plate 10.2), a supporting frame 11 (wherein: a side beam 11.1), a fixed cutter supporting plate 12, a fixed cutter 13 (wherein: a waist-shaped hole 13.1), a flat hob chopper 14, a flat hob chopper base 15, a chopper main shaft 16, a chopper ribbed plate 17, a movable cutter supporting plate 18, a movable cutter protecting plate 19, a movable cutter 20 and a feeding opening 21.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the forage rape combine harvester of the invention, which comprises a harvesting device 1, a feeding and conveying device 2, a chassis walking device 3, a chopping device 4 and a material collecting and discharging device 5. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, there is shown a cutting device 4 of the present invention, which comprises a supporting frame 11, a lower housing 10 embedded in the supporting frame 11, an upper housing 6 assembled with the lower housing 10 to form a hollow chamber 8, a stationary knife assembly installed on the supporting frame 11, and a flat hob shredder 14 embedded in the hollow chamber 8. Wherein, the front plate of the lower casing 10 is provided with a feed inlet 21 communicated with the hollow cavity 8 (in this embodiment, the diameter of the lower casing 10 is 520mm, the width is 610mm, and the feed inlet 21 is a square feed inlet of 604mm × 115 mm); the upper housing 6 comprises a hollow upper housing body 6.1 which is arranged above the lower housing 10 and is fixed on the lower housing 10 by bolt involution and a material throwing cylinder 6.2 which is arranged at a material throwing opening 6.3 of the hollow upper housing body 6.1, wherein a material throwing channel communicated with the material throwing opening 6.3 is arranged inside the material throwing cylinder 6.2, the material throwing opening 6.3 of the hollow upper housing body 6.1 is a square material throwing opening in the embodiment, and the cross section of the material throwing channel is a square surface in the same way; during connection, the flanging of the hollow upper housing body 6.1 is matched with the flanging of the lower housing 10, and then the bolt holes of the respective flanging of the hollow upper housing body 6.1 and the lower housing 10 are fixedly connected with the bolt holes on the supporting frame 11 through bolts.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the flat hob shredder 14 includes a hollow cylindrical flat hob shredder base 15, two shredder ribs 17 welded to both ends of the flat hob shredder base 15, respectively (i.e., one shredder rib 17 is welded to one end of the flat hob shredder base 15 and the other shredder rib 17 is welded to the other end of the flat hob shredder base 15 to form a closed cylinder), a shredder main shaft 16 axially passing through the flat hob shredder base 15 and having both ends respectively extending out of the shredder ribs 17, and two sets of moving blade support plates welded to the flat hob shredder base 15. Wherein, two ends of the main shaft 16 of the chopper are respectively fixed on the side beams 11.1 at two sides of the supporting frame 11 through the bearings with seats 9 (i.e. one end of the main shaft of the chopper is fixed on the side beam 11.1 at one side of the supporting frame 11 through the bearings with seats 9, and the other end of the main shaft 16 of the chopper is fixed on the side beam 11.1 at the other side of the supporting frame 11 through the bearings with seats 9, as shown in fig. 3); in order to prevent the material leakage of the hollow cavity 8, two side plates 10.2 of the lower housing 10 are respectively provided with notches 10.1 for two ends of the chopper main shaft 16 to pass through, a housing side plate 7 is welded at each notch 10.1, and the housing side plate 7 is provided with a fixing groove 7.1 for the end part of the chopper main shaft 16 to pass through (as shown in fig. 3); in addition, the revolving diameter of the moving blade edge of the flat hob shredder 14 in the embodiment is 500mm, so that the minimum clearance between the flat hob shredder 14 and the upper housing 6 and the lower housing 10 is not less than 17mm.
As shown in fig. 4 again, the two sets of movable knife supporting plate groups each include a plurality of movable knife supporting plates 18 uniformly welded on the base 15 of the flat hob shredder along the circumferential direction, the number of the movable knife supporting plates 18 of the two sets of movable knife supporting plate groups is equal and the movable knife supporting plates are alternately and uniformly distributed, a movable knife 20 is mounted on each movable knife supporting plate 18 through a movable knife guard plate 19, and the arrangement intervals of the movable knives 20 meet the requirement that when the previous movable knife blade leaves the stalk layer, the next movable knife blade just enters the stalk layer, so that the uniform load and small fluctuation of the roller shaft of the shredder are realized when in work; compared with a single-side plate type hob type chopper in the market, the double-side staggered arrangement of the chopper can gather materials to the middle for conveying, prevents the materials from being scattered and accumulated on the two side wall surfaces of the housing, and is beneficial to throwing the materials to a material collecting box; the fixed cutter assembly comprises a fixed cutter supporting plate 12 arranged on the supporting frame 11 and a fixed cutter 13 arranged on the fixed cutter supporting plate 12, and the fixed cutter 13 is positioned right in front of the feeding hole 21; tests show that the larger the installation forward inclination angle of the movable knife 20 is, the better the chopping performance is, but the poorer the throwing performance is; in the harvesting period, because the water content of rape stalks is high, the chopping difficulty is small, in order to consider the throwing performance of the chopper, the installation forward inclination angle of a movable knife is gradually increased from 28 degrees to 40 degrees (the installation forward inclination angle is a continuously increased variable), the sliding cutting angle of the movable knife is also increased along with the increase of the inclination angle, and the cutting angle is limited by the structure of a chopping roller, the inclination angle is 4-6 degrees, the edge angle of the cutting edge of the movable knife is 18-22 degrees, the inclination direction of the inclination angle of the movable knife points to the radial central plane of the base of the flat hob chopper, and the movable knife supporting plates 18 are all welded in the radial direction of the base 15 of the flat hob chopper, so that a left group of movable knife supporting plates and a right group of movable knife supporting plates are uniformly arranged in a herringbone manner; the cutting edge angle of the fixed cutter is 65-75 degrees, and the distance between the cutting edge of the fixed cutter and the vertical central plane of the base seat of the flat hob cutter in the axial direction is 28-32 mm. In the embodiment, each movable cutter is made of Cr12MoV, the cutting edge part is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, the quenching bandwidth is 25-35 mm, the hardness is HRC 58-65, the hardness of a non-quenching zone is not more than HRC 38, the sharpening width of the cutting edge part is not more than 0.2mm, the installation rake angle of each movable cutter is gradually increased from 30 degrees to 37 degrees, the inclination angle is 5 degrees, and the cutting edge angle of the movable cutter is 20 degrees; the fixed cutter 13 is made of Cr12MoV, the cutting edge part is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, the quenching bandwidth is 25-35 mm, the hardness is HRC 58-65, the hardness of a non-quenching zone is not more than HRC 38, the sharpening width of the cutting edge part is not more than 0.2mm, the cutting edge angle of the fixed cutter is 70 degrees, and the distance between the cutting edge of the fixed cutter and the vertical central plane of the base of the flat hob cutter in the axial direction is 30mm.
In addition, a plurality of waist-shaped holes 13.1 matched with the bolt holes on the fixed cutter supporting plate 12 are arranged on the fixed cutter 13, and the adjusting direction of each waist-shaped hole 13.1 is perpendicular to the cutting edge direction of the fixed cutter, so that the position of the fixed cutter 13 can be adjusted front and back, the function of adjusting the gap between the movable cutter 20 and the fixed cutter 13 is realized, and the cutting adjusting gap between the movable cutter 20 close to the fixed cutter 13 and the fixed cutter 20 is 0-0.4 mm.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a forage rape combine is with comminution device which characterized in that: the hob crusher comprises a supporting frame (11), a lower cover shell (10) embedded in the supporting frame (11), an upper cover shell (6) which is installed with the lower cover shell (10) in a matching mode to form a hollow cavity (8), a fixed cutter assembly installed on the supporting frame (11), and a flat hob chopper (14) which is arranged in the hollow cavity (8); a feed inlet (21) communicated with the hollow cavity (8) is formed in the front plate of the lower housing (10), and a material throwing channel communicated with the hollow cavity (8) is formed in the upper housing (6);
the flat hob chopper (14) comprises a hollow cylindrical flat hob chopper base (15), two chopper rib plates (17) respectively welded at two end parts of the flat hob chopper base (15), a chopper main shaft (16) axially penetrating through the flat hob chopper base (15) and two ends of the chopper main shaft respectively extending out of the chopper rib plates (17), and two groups of moving knife supporting plate groups welded on the flat hob chopper base (15), wherein two ends of the chopper main shaft (16) are respectively fixed on side beams (11.1) at two sides of the supporting frame (11) through belt seat bearings (9); the two groups of movable knife supporting plate groups respectively comprise a plurality of movable knife supporting plates (18) which are uniformly welded on the base (15) of the flat hob chopper along the circumferential direction, and the number of the movable knife supporting plates (18) of the two groups of movable knife supporting plate groups is equal and the movable knife supporting plates are alternately arranged; each movable blade support plate (18) is provided with a movable blade (20) through a movable blade guard plate (19);
the fixed cutter assembly comprises a fixed cutter supporting plate (12) arranged on the supporting frame (11) and a fixed cutter (13) arranged on the fixed cutter supporting plate (12), and the fixed cutter (13) is positioned right in front of the feeding hole (21);
the mounting forward inclination angle of each movable knife (20) is gradually increased from 28 degrees to 40 degrees, the inclination angle is 4-6 degrees, and the cutting edge angle of the movable knife is 18-22 degrees; the cutting edge angle of the cutting edge of the fixed cutter (13) is 65-75 degrees, and the distance between the cutting edge of the fixed cutter (13) and the vertical central plane of the flat hob shredder base (15) in the axial direction is 28-32 mm.
2. The chopping device for the forage rape combine according to claim 1, wherein: the installation rake angle of each movable cutter (20) is gradually increased from 30 degrees to 37 degrees, the inclination angle is 5 degrees, and the cutting edge angle of the movable cutter is 20 degrees; the cutting edge angle of the cutting edge of the fixed cutter (13) is 70 degrees, and the distance between the cutting edge of the fixed cutter (13) and the vertical central plane of the flat hob shredder base (15) in the axial direction is 30mm.
3. The chopping device for the forage rape combine according to claim 1, wherein: the upper housing (6) comprises a hollow upper housing body (6.1) which is arranged above the lower housing (10) and is fixed on the lower housing (10) through bolt involution, and a material throwing cylinder (6.2) which is arranged at a material throwing opening (6.3) of the hollow upper housing body (6.1), and the material throwing channel is positioned inside the material throwing cylinder (6.2); the material throwing port (6.3) of the hollow upper housing body (6.1) is a square material throwing port, and the cross section of the material throwing channel is a square surface.
4. The chopping device for the forage rape combine according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of waist-shaped holes (13.1) matched with the bolt holes in the fixed cutter supporting plate (12) are formed in the fixed cutter (13), and the adjusting direction of each waist-shaped hole (13.1) is perpendicular to the cutting edge direction of the fixed cutter (13); the cutting adjusting clearance between the movable knife (20) close to the fixed knife (13) and the fixed knife (13) is 0-0.4 mm.
5. The chopping device for the forage rape combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein: two side plates (10.2) of the lower housing (10) are respectively provided with a notch (10.1) for two ends of the chopper main shaft (16) to pass through, each notch (10.1) is welded with a housing side plate (7), and the housing side plate (7) is provided with a fixing groove (7.1) for the end part of the chopper main shaft (16) to pass through.
6. The chopping device for the forage rape combine according to claim 1, wherein: the minimum radial clearance between the flat hob shredder (14) and the upper housing (6) and the lower housing (10) is not less than 7mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710729004.7A CN107493812B (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | Forage rape combine harvester is with comminution device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710729004.7A CN107493812B (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | Forage rape combine harvester is with comminution device |
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| CN107493812A CN107493812A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
| CN107493812B true CN107493812B (en) | 2022-12-20 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108419503A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-08-21 | 新疆新研牧神科技有限公司 | Disconnecting device and cropper |
| CN112913440B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-03-18 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Cutting and throwing device for self-propelled intelligent peanut seedling harvester and peanut seedling harvesting method |
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