CN112889723A - Organic shrimp pest control method - Google Patents

Organic shrimp pest control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112889723A
CN112889723A CN202110175817.2A CN202110175817A CN112889723A CN 112889723 A CN112889723 A CN 112889723A CN 202110175817 A CN202110175817 A CN 202110175817A CN 112889723 A CN112889723 A CN 112889723A
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China
Prior art keywords
shrimps
pests
weak
processing
pond
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CN202110175817.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈锚
马士玉
何娟
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Individual
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/13Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The method for preventing and controlling the organic shrimp pests combines biological prevention and control and physical prevention and control: the physical prevention and control is to arrange a shrimp guide net to eliminate the sick shrimps by utilizing the characteristics that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps move along the sides of the pond and are attached to the water surface; the biological prevention and control is to utilize the tail of the lance goby and the planted reed to attract birds to clean up the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps floating on the water surface in time, and the invention improves the production yield of the organic shrimps.

Description

Organic shrimp pest control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mariculture, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and treating organic shrimp pests.
Background
China is a big south America white shrimp breeding country, starts to become an important breed for breeding the shrimps in China in 1999, rapidly develops in the three provinces in south, and has become a shrimp breeding breed which is generally popularized in China and has the top yield up to now; the method has the advantages that while the production is developed at a high speed, serious problems of uneven seedling quality, virus carrying, slow growth and the like occur, and the sustainable development of the penaeus vannamei boone breeding industry in China is directly threatened; since 2017, the cultivation success rate of southern Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other provinces is reduced sharply, and the cultivation of northern Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin and other provinces in a salt pan special ecological system in the cities of Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin and other provinces is raised regardless of cultivation area, yield, success rate and product quality; the area of the salt pan in the east coastal region of China is 505.5 ten thousand mu, which is far larger than the area of 195 ten thousand mu of the seawater culture pond in China; the salinity of the original group of the penaeus vannamei boone is 10-25 per mill optimally, and the salinity of a special ecosystem of a salt pan is only about 10 percent of 25-30 per mill; the salinity is 30-50 per mill and 50-60 percent, and the salinity is 50-65 per mill and about 30 percent; in addition, the area of the general pond of the salt pan is large and varies from hundreds of mu to thousands of mu, and the water level is only 60-70 cm; the growth period in the north is short; the southern small-area pond culture technology is difficult to copy to a special ecosystem of a salt pan; how to improve the culture area and the yield of the penaeus vannamei boone in the special ecosystem of the salt pan by using the culture mode of the special ecosystem of the salt pan is the problem existing at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for controlling organic shrimp pests, which comprises the following steps:
1. culturing, wherein the largest harmful organisms in culturing are vibrio, carnivorous fishes and birds, and the vibrio in water quality is regulated and controlled by bacillus and lactic acid bacteria: the water quality can be regulated by using the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus, and the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus is used once every half month. Disease control of infected vibrio of weak shrimp: when the prawns grow to about 7-8 cm, a modified labyrinth matrix (a special application utility model patent and a disease comprehensive prevention and control patent) is placed every 40-50 mu by utilizing the characteristics of the sick prawns and the weak prawns moving along the pond side and attached to the water surface, a 30-50 m 60-mesh net is pulled from the side slope to 5-10 cm above the water surface from 30-50 cm under water, the labyrinth matrix is arranged at one end far away from the side slope, the sick prawns and the weak prawns are induced into hubs, and the sick prawns and the weak prawns are cleaned once every 2-3 days, so that the sick prawns and the weak prawns are prevented from being eaten by healthy prawns and the infection source is cut off. 30 g of Vc raw powder is splashed in a full pool before and after the sudden change of weather (cold flow, strong wind, high temperature and the like) in each mu of land. Reeds can be planted in the saline-alkali soil around the aquaculture pond to attract some birds to lay eggs, so that habitat is increased, the birds can timely clean diseased shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface, and the method is also one of effective means for preventing and controlling disease organisms. Carnivorous fishes and birds have good function of removing weak shrimps infected with vibrios, and the prawn density is controlled to be 1000-2000: 1.
2. Processing, wherein each warehouse and workshop is responsible for the investigation of harmful organisms in the range, and the types of the harmful organisms are reported to an office for gathering; insect pest control measures in processing and storing of organic shrimp production and processing workshops and warehouses are as follows:
3. the frequency vibration lamp is installed to trap and kill the adult pests by utilizing the phototaxis of the adult pests, and is started after dark.
4. Bt pesticide (biological pesticide) is sprayed once every half month in the adult period (5-9 months) to kill pests.
5. And (3) mouse damage prevention: blocking the rat hole; after the product is put in storage, whether the rat hole exists or not is checked at any time, and the rat hole is found to be blocked in time, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the broken glass slag or broken ceramic pieces are mixed with yellow mud, cement mortar or lime mortar for blocking, or dry river sand is poured into the rat hole, and the surface is smoothed by the mortar.
6. Enhanced cleaning and hygiene
7. The environment around the warehouse should be kept clean and sanitary, no weed, garbage, no scattered grains and other impurities are generated, the mice cannot be hidden and eaten, and an environment which is not beneficial to the survival and propagation of the mice is caused.
8. The warehouse window is closed by a metal net.
9. The warehouse door is with keeping off the mouse board.
10. Basin-buckling method, stone-pressing method, mouse-catching clip, iron wire cage, pedal clip and electric cat
11. All workshops are closed, exposure links do not occur in the process from raw materials to products, damage by pests is avoided, and prevention and control are not needed.
12. The warehouse is always well cleaned, the breeding conditions of the pests are eliminated, the ventilation is kept, the drying is facilitated, and the raw materials are prevented from mildewing. The breeding of harmful organisms is prevented by controlling environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination, air and the like.
13. The use of persistent and carcinogenic pesticides and disinfectants for pest control is prohibited.
14. Materials that are allowed or restricted to use in appendix A of the organic product manufacturing and processing certification code may be used.
15. In the emergency situation that the processing and storage place is seriously attacked by pests, the use of Chinese herbal medicines for spraying and fumigating is advocated; the use of sulfur is limited.
16. If the prevention and treatment work is carried out, relevant records must be made.
Compared with the prior art, the disease control is the combination of biological control and physical control: the physical prevention and control is to arrange a shrimp guide net to eliminate the sick shrimps by utilizing the characteristics that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps move along the sides of the pond and are attached to the water surface; the biological prevention and control is to attract birds to clean up sick shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface in time by using the tail of the lance goby and the planted reed.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for controlling organic shrimp pests, comprising the steps of:
1. culturing, wherein the largest harmful organisms in culturing are vibrio, carnivorous fishes and birds, and the vibrio in water quality is regulated and controlled by bacillus and lactic acid bacteria: the water quality can be regulated by using the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus, and the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus is used once every half month. Disease control of infected vibrio of weak shrimp: when the prawns grow to about 7-8 cm, a modified labyrinth matrix (a special application utility model patent and a disease comprehensive prevention and control patent) is placed every 40-50 mu by utilizing the characteristics of the sick prawns and the weak prawns moving along the pond side and attached to the water surface, a 30-50 m 60-mesh net is pulled from the side slope to 5-10 cm above the water surface from 30-50 cm under water, the labyrinth matrix is arranged at one end far away from the side slope, the sick prawns and the weak prawns are induced into hubs, and the sick prawns and the weak prawns are cleaned once every 2-3 days, so that the sick prawns and the weak prawns are prevented from being eaten by healthy prawns and the infection source is cut off. 30 g of Vc raw powder is splashed in a full pool before and after the sudden change of weather (cold flow, strong wind, high temperature and the like) in each mu of land. Reeds can be planted in the saline-alkali soil around the aquaculture pond to attract some birds to lay eggs, so that habitat is increased, the birds can timely clean diseased shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface, and the method is also one of effective means for preventing and controlling disease organisms. Carnivorous fishes and birds have good function of removing weak shrimps infected with vibrios, and the prawn density is controlled to be 1000-2000: 1.
2. Processing, wherein each warehouse and workshop is responsible for the investigation of harmful organisms in the range, and the types of the harmful organisms are reported to an office for gathering; insect pest control measures in processing and storing of organic shrimp production and processing workshops and warehouses are as follows:
3. the frequency vibration lamp is installed to trap and kill the adult pests by utilizing the phototaxis of the adult pests, and is started after dark.
4. Bt pesticide (biological pesticide) is sprayed once every half month in the adult period (5-9 months) to kill pests.
5. And (3) mouse damage prevention: blocking the rat hole; after the product is put in storage, whether the rat hole exists or not is checked at any time, and the rat hole is found to be blocked in time, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the broken glass slag or broken ceramic pieces are mixed with yellow mud, cement mortar or lime mortar for blocking, or dry river sand is poured into the rat hole, and the surface is smoothed by the mortar.
6. Enhanced cleaning and hygiene
7. The environment around the warehouse should be kept clean and sanitary, no weed, garbage, no scattered grains and other impurities are generated, the mice cannot be hidden and eaten, and an environment which is not beneficial to the survival and propagation of the mice is caused.
8. The warehouse window is closed by a metal net.
9. The warehouse door is with keeping off the mouse board.
10. Basin-buckling method, stone-pressing method, mouse-catching clip, iron wire cage, pedal clip and electric cat
11. All workshops are closed, exposure links do not occur in the process from raw materials to products, damage by pests is avoided, and prevention and control are not needed.
12. The warehouse is always well cleaned, the breeding conditions of the pests are eliminated, the ventilation is kept, the drying is facilitated, and the raw materials are prevented from mildewing. The breeding of harmful organisms is prevented by controlling environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination, air and the like.
13. The use of persistent and carcinogenic pesticides and disinfectants for pest control is prohibited.
14. Materials that are allowed or restricted to use in appendix A of the organic product manufacturing and processing certification code may be used.
15. In the emergency situation that the processing and storage place is seriously attacked by pests, the use of Chinese herbal medicines for spraying and fumigating is advocated; the use of sulfur is limited.
16. If the prevention and treatment work is carried out, relevant records must be made.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structures, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for controlling organic shrimp pests is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) culturing: the vibrio in the water quality is regulated and controlled by using bacillus and lactic acid bacteria: the water quality is regulated and controlled by the cooperation of the bacillus and the wheat bran fermented by the lactic acid bacteria, and the bacillus and the wheat bran fermented by the lactic acid bacteria are used once every half month; after 15-20 days of fry release, the prawn grows for about 5cm, 4-5 cm of the lobster tail goby domesticated and consistent with the salinity of a target pond is released per mu, and when the prawn grows to about 7-8 cm, a prawn guide net is placed every 40-50 mu by utilizing the characteristics that sick shrimps and weak shrimps move along the sides of the pond and attached to the water surface; splashing 30 g of Vc raw powder in a full pool per mu of land before and after sudden change of weather; reed is planted in saline-alkali soil around the aquaculture pond, birds are attracted to lay eggs, habitat is increased, and the birds are attracted to clean diseased shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface in time;
(2) processing, wherein each warehouse and workshop is responsible for the investigation of harmful organisms in the range, and insect pest control measures are taken in the processing and storage of the organic shrimp production and processing workshops and warehouses;
(3) bt pesticide (biological pesticide) is sprayed once every half month in the adult period of the pests to kill the pests;
(4) in emergency situations where the processing and storage site is severely attacked by pests, the spraying and fumigation treatment is carried out using Chinese herbal medicines.
CN202110175817.2A 2021-02-07 2021-02-07 Organic shrimp pest control method Pending CN112889723A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112931333A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-11 渤海水产股份有限公司 Method for preventing and treating harmful organisms of green food prawn

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1608451A (en) * 2003-10-22 2005-04-27 中国科学院长春地理研究所 Method of aquiculturing Northeast white shrimp in marsh and reed pond of high and cold area
CN104206319A (en) * 2014-07-15 2014-12-17 深圳市澳华农牧有限公司 Method for breeding penaeus vanmamei
CN104756914A (en) * 2015-04-08 2015-07-08 通威股份有限公司 Precise combined feeding method for regulating water quality in aquaculture
CN105557571A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-05-11 广东海洋大学 Combined method of stereo ecological polyculture mode and prevention and control of hepatopancreatic necrosis disease and white spot syndrome
CN106834174A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-06-13 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 Suppress probiotics and the preparation and application of vibrios in being cultivated to Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1608451A (en) * 2003-10-22 2005-04-27 中国科学院长春地理研究所 Method of aquiculturing Northeast white shrimp in marsh and reed pond of high and cold area
CN104206319A (en) * 2014-07-15 2014-12-17 深圳市澳华农牧有限公司 Method for breeding penaeus vanmamei
CN104756914A (en) * 2015-04-08 2015-07-08 通威股份有限公司 Precise combined feeding method for regulating water quality in aquaculture
CN105557571A (en) * 2015-12-10 2016-05-11 广东海洋大学 Combined method of stereo ecological polyculture mode and prevention and control of hepatopancreatic necrosis disease and white spot syndrome
CN106834174A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-06-13 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 Suppress probiotics and the preparation and application of vibrios in being cultivated to Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杜相革等: "《有机农业导论》", 31 May 2006, 中国农业大学出版 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112931333A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-11 渤海水产股份有限公司 Method for preventing and treating harmful organisms of green food prawn

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Application publication date: 20210604