CN112889719A - Pollution-free prawn pest control method - Google Patents
Pollution-free prawn pest control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112889719A CN112889719A CN202110167557.4A CN202110167557A CN112889719A CN 112889719 A CN112889719 A CN 112889719A CN 202110167557 A CN202110167557 A CN 202110167557A CN 112889719 A CN112889719 A CN 112889719A
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- shrimps
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010047400 Vibrio infections Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011431 lime mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029264 phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000530454 Litopenaeus schmitti Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
A method for preventing and controlling harmful pests of prawns without public nuisance combines biological prevention and control and physical prevention and control: the physical prevention and control is to arrange a shrimp guide net to eliminate the sick shrimps by utilizing the characteristics that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps move along the sides of the pond and are attached to the water surface; the biological prevention and control is to utilize the tail of the lance goby and the planted reed to attract birds to clean up the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps floating on the water surface in time, and the invention improves the production yield of the pollution-free prawns.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mariculture, and particularly relates to a pollution-free prawn pest control method.
Background
China is a big south America white shrimp breeding country, starts to become an important breed for breeding the shrimps in China in 1999, rapidly develops in the three provinces in south, and has become a shrimp breeding breed which is generally popularized in China and has the top yield up to now; the method has the advantages that while the production is developed at a high speed, serious problems of uneven seedling quality, virus carrying, slow growth and the like occur, and the sustainable development of the penaeus vannamei boone breeding industry in China is directly threatened; since 2017, the cultivation success rate of southern Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other provinces is reduced sharply, and the cultivation of northern Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin and other provinces in a salt pan special ecological system in the cities of Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin and other provinces is raised regardless of cultivation area, yield, success rate and product quality; the area of the salt pan in the east coastal region of China is 505.5 ten thousand mu, which is far larger than the area of 195 ten thousand mu of the seawater culture pond in China; the salinity of the original group of the penaeus vannamei boone is 10-25 per mill optimally, and the salinity of a special ecosystem of a salt pan is only about 10 percent of 25-30 per mill; the salinity is 30-50 per mill and 50-60 percent, and the salinity is 50-65 per mill and about 30 percent; in addition, the area of the general pond of the salt pan is large and varies from hundreds of mu to thousands of mu, and the water level is only 60-70 cm; the growth period in the north is short; the southern small-area pond culture technology is difficult to copy to a special ecosystem of a salt pan; how to improve the culture area and the yield of the penaeus vannamei boone in the special ecosystem of the salt pan by using the culture mode of the special ecosystem of the salt pan is the problem existing at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a pollution-free prawn pest control method, which comprises the following steps:
1. culturing, wherein the largest harmful organisms in culturing are vibrio, carnivorous fishes and birds, and the vibrio in water quality is regulated and controlled by bacillus and lactic acid bacteria: the water quality can be regulated by using the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus, and the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus is used once every half month. Disease control of infected vibrio of weak shrimp: when the shrimps grow to about 7-8 cm, by utilizing the characteristics that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps move along the sides of the pool and attached to the water surface, a modified shrimp guide net is placed every 40-50 mu, from the side slope, a 30-50 m 60-mesh net is pulled from 30-50 cm underwater to 5-10 cm above the water surface, the guide net is arranged at one end far away from the side slope, the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps are induced into hubs, and the shrimps are cleaned every 2-3 days, so that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps are prevented from being eaten by healthy shrimps and the infection source is cut off. 30 g of Vc raw powder is splashed in a full pool before and after the sudden change of weather (cold flow, strong wind, high temperature and the like) in each mu of land. Reeds can be planted in the saline-alkali soil around the aquaculture pond to attract some birds to lay eggs, so that habitat is increased, the birds can timely clean diseased shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface, and the method is also one of effective means for preventing and controlling disease organisms. Carnivorous fishes and birds have good function of removing weak shrimps infected with vibrios, and the prawn density is controlled to be 1000-2000: 1.
2. Processing, wherein each warehouse and workshop is responsible for the investigation of harmful organisms in the range, and the types of the harmful organisms are reported to an office for gathering; the pest control measures in processing and storing in a processing workshop and a warehouse of the pollution-free prawn production are as follows:
3. the frequency vibration lamp is installed to trap and kill the adult pests by utilizing the phototaxis of the adult pests, and is started after dark.
4. Bt pesticide (biological pesticide) is sprayed once every half month in the adult period (5-9 months) to kill pests.
5. And (3) mouse damage prevention: blocking the rat hole; after the product is put in storage, whether the rat hole exists or not is checked at any time, and the rat hole is found to be blocked in time, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the broken glass slag or broken ceramic pieces are mixed with yellow mud, cement mortar or lime mortar for blocking, or dry river sand is poured into the rat hole, and the surface is smoothed by the mortar.
6. Enhanced cleaning and hygiene
7. The environment around the warehouse should be kept clean and sanitary, no weed, garbage, no scattered grains and other impurities are generated, the mice cannot be hidden and eaten, and an environment which is not beneficial to the survival and propagation of the mice is caused.
8. The warehouse window is closed by a metal net.
9. The warehouse door is with keeping off the mouse board.
10. Basin-buckling method, stone-pressing method, mouse-catching clip, iron wire cage, pedal clip and electric cat
11. All workshops are closed, exposure links do not occur in the process from raw materials to products, damage by pests is avoided, and prevention and control are not needed.
12. The warehouse is always well cleaned, the breeding conditions of the pests are eliminated, the ventilation is kept, the drying is facilitated, and the raw materials are prevented from mildewing. The breeding of harmful organisms is prevented by controlling environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination, air and the like.
13. The use of persistent and carcinogenic pesticides and disinfectants for pest control is prohibited.
14. Substances permitted or limited for use in appendix A of the Green food product manufacturing and processing certification Specification may be used.
15. In the emergency situation that the processing and storage place is seriously attacked by pests, the use of Chinese herbal medicines for spraying and fumigating is advocated; the use of sulfur is limited.
16. If the prevention and treatment work is carried out, relevant records must be made.
Compared with the prior art, the disease control is the combination of biological control and physical control: the physical prevention and control is to arrange a shrimp guide net to eliminate the sick shrimps by utilizing the characteristics that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps move along the sides of the pond and are attached to the water surface; the biological prevention and control is to attract birds to clean up sick shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface in time by using the tail of the lance goby and the planted reed.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for preventing and controlling nuisance-free prawn pests comprises the following steps:
1. culturing, wherein the largest harmful organisms in culturing are vibrio, carnivorous fishes and birds, and the vibrio in water quality is regulated and controlled by bacillus and lactic acid bacteria: the water quality can be regulated by using the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus, and the wheat bran fermented by the bacillus and the lactobacillus is used once every half month. Disease control of infected vibrio of weak shrimp: when the shrimps grow to about 7-8 cm, by utilizing the characteristics that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps move along the sides of the pool and attached to the water surface, a modified shrimp guide net is placed every 40-50 mu, from the side slope, a 30-50 m 60-mesh net is pulled from 30-50 cm underwater to 5-10 cm above the water surface, the guide net is arranged at one end far away from the side slope, the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps are induced into hubs, and the shrimps are cleaned every 2-3 days, so that the sick shrimps and the weak shrimps are prevented from being eaten by healthy shrimps and the infection source is cut off. 30 g of Vc raw powder is splashed in a full pool before and after the sudden change of weather (cold flow, strong wind, high temperature and the like) in each mu of land. Reeds can be planted in the saline-alkali soil around the aquaculture pond to attract some birds to lay eggs, so that habitat is increased, the birds can timely clean diseased shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface, and the method is also one of effective means for preventing and controlling disease organisms. Carnivorous fishes and birds have good function of removing weak shrimps infected with vibrios, and the prawn density is controlled to be 1000-2000: 1.
2. Processing, wherein each warehouse and workshop is responsible for the investigation of harmful organisms in the range, and the types of the harmful organisms are reported to an office for gathering; the pest control measures in processing and storing in a processing workshop and a warehouse of the pollution-free prawn production are as follows:
3. the frequency vibration lamp is installed to trap and kill the adult pests by utilizing the phototaxis of the adult pests, and is started after dark.
4. Bt pesticide (biological pesticide) is sprayed once every half month in the adult period (5-9 months) to kill pests.
5. And (3) mouse damage prevention: blocking the rat hole; after the product is put in storage, whether the rat hole exists or not is checked at any time, and the rat hole is found to be blocked in time, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the broken glass slag or broken ceramic pieces are mixed with yellow mud, cement mortar or lime mortar for blocking, or dry river sand is poured into the rat hole, and the surface is smoothed by the mortar.
6. Enhanced cleaning and hygiene
7. The environment around the warehouse should be kept clean and sanitary, no weed, garbage, no scattered grains and other impurities are generated, the mice cannot be hidden and eaten, and an environment which is not beneficial to the survival and propagation of the mice is caused.
8. The warehouse window is closed by a metal net.
9. The warehouse door is with keeping off the mouse board.
10. Basin-buckling method, stone-pressing method, mouse-catching clip, iron wire cage, pedal clip and electric cat
11. All workshops are closed, exposure links do not occur in the process from raw materials to products, damage by pests is avoided, and prevention and control are not needed.
12. The warehouse is always well cleaned, the breeding conditions of the pests are eliminated, the ventilation is kept, the drying is facilitated, and the raw materials are prevented from mildewing. The breeding of harmful organisms is prevented by controlling environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination, air and the like.
13. The use of persistent and carcinogenic pesticides and disinfectants for pest control is prohibited.
14. Substances permitted or limited for use in appendix A of the Green food product manufacturing and processing certification Specification may be used.
15. In the emergency situation that the processing and storage place is seriously attacked by pests, the use of Chinese herbal medicines for spraying and fumigating is advocated; the use of sulfur is limited.
16. If the prevention and treatment work is carried out, relevant records must be made.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structures, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A pollution-free method for controlling harmful organisms of prawns is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) culturing: the vibrio in the water quality is regulated and controlled by using bacillus and lactic acid bacteria: the water quality is regulated and controlled by the cooperation of the bacillus and the wheat bran fermented by the lactic acid bacteria, and the bacillus and the wheat bran fermented by the lactic acid bacteria are used once every half month; after 15-20 days of fry release, the prawn grows for about 5cm, 4-5 cm of the lobster tail goby domesticated and consistent with the salinity of a target pond is released per mu, and when the prawn grows to about 7-8 cm, a prawn guide net is placed every 40-50 mu by utilizing the characteristics that sick shrimps and weak shrimps move along the sides of the pond and attached to the water surface; splashing 30 g of Vc raw powder in a full pool per mu of land before and after sudden change of weather; reed is planted in saline-alkali soil around the aquaculture pond, birds are attracted to lay eggs, habitat is increased, and the birds are attracted to clean diseased shrimps and weak shrimps floating on the water surface in time;
(2) processing, wherein investigation work of harmful organisms in the responsible range is carried out in each warehouse and workshop, and pest control measures are carried out in processing and storage in pollution-free prawn production and processing workshops and warehouses;
(3) bt pesticide is sprayed to kill pests every half month in the adult pest period;
(4) in emergency situations where the processing and storage site is severely attacked by pests, the spraying and fumigation treatment is carried out using Chinese herbal medicines.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110167557.4A CN112889719A (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Pollution-free prawn pest control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110167557.4A CN112889719A (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Pollution-free prawn pest control method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112889719A true CN112889719A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110167557.4A Pending CN112889719A (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Pollution-free prawn pest control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112931333A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-11 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating harmful organisms of green food prawn |
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2021
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| Title |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112931333A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-11 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating harmful organisms of green food prawn |
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