CN112889385A

CN112889385A - Water-fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residues and improving plant content

Info

Publication number: CN112889385A
Application number: CN202110051111.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金品加
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-01-14
Filing date: 2021-01-14
Publication date: 2021-06-04

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a water-fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residues and improving plant content. The method comprises the steps of soil improvement, treatment of fungus, pest and weed damage, and strong seedling and plant nutrition supplement; soil improvement: improving a hardened field which is not acidified and alkalized and improving a hardened field which is acidified and alkalized simultaneously; treating the bacterial pests and the weeds: treating underground insect pests, treating overground insect pests, treating fungi, treating bacteria and treating weeds. Strengthening seedlings, supplementing plant nutrition and improving inherent content of plants: the microorganisms are applied and simultaneously combined with the high-protein organic matters fermented and decomposed by the aquatic plants. The invention provides a method for replacing the bactericide used in petrochemical agriculture for the first time, and the method ensures natural ecological balance by adopting a sustainable development mode. And a plurality of steps are mutually buckled and interacted, so that the effects of reducing soil pesticide residues, repairing soil acid, alkali and salinization, improving plant yield and improving the taste of agricultural products are achieved.

Description

Water-fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residues and improving plant content

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a water-fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residues and improving plant content.

Background

China is a big agricultural country, agricultural production plays a vital role in national economy, a lot of difficulties such as weed damage, insect damage, bacterial damage and diseases can be encountered in agricultural production, and a lot of existing pesticides only kill one kind of insects or bacteria, so that on one hand, if a plurality of field problems exist, a plurality of medicines are needed for spraying, on the other hand, insect damage bacteria have resistance, and thus vicious circle is entered. Due to the wrong agricultural planting method for many years, various problems exist in agriculture at present.

Firstly, the pesticide residue is large and long-lasting, pesticide residues such as sixty-six powder and DDT applied in the fifty years of China can still be detected in soil so far, the current planting process is that a large amount of herbicides, insecticides, bactericides and phytohormones are used, and if the control is not carried out as soon as possible, more pesticides can be remained in the soil finally.

Secondly, China is faced with large-area soil degradation, salinization, alkalization, acidification or the condition that organic matters are lower than 1% to the edge of desertification at present, if the land is still developed in this way, the land is only faced with less and less area and gradually changed into the land step depending on import, if a virtuous cycle planting method is not provided, the land is only treated with symptoms but not the root causes, and even the improvement and the treatment are also the vicious cycle of treatment-pollution-retreatment-recontamination.

Thirdly, the existing vegetables and fruits do not have the original most essential taste, and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are especially the same, so that some people say that the traditional Chinese medicine is used in traditional Chinese medicine, and even though the traditional Chinese medicine is slightly covered, the traditional Chinese medicine is not reasonable. To increase the content of Chinese medicinal materials, the transgenic technology can also increase the so-called effective components, but the transgenic technology is not natural, like new and old forsythia, the content of the new forsythia of the transgenic variety is much higher than that of the old forsythia, but the therapeutic effect is almost not good. Since the so-called active ingredients defined in humans do not necessarily play a role in true therapy, natural laws of adverse events and death are smooth.

Therefore, an effective, applicable and virtuous-circle water-fertilizer plant protection method is formulated based on the agricultural condition at the present stage, is the actual requirement of agricultural production in China, and is a necessary choice for reducing the using amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and reducing environmental pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water-fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residues and improving plant content, and the water-fertilizer plant protection method has the effects of improving soil, removing agricultural insect pests and bacterial damage and improving crop yield and taste.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

A water-fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residue and improving plant content comprises soil improvement, controlling bacterial and insect pests and weeds, and strengthening seedlings to supplement plant nutrition;

the soil improvement comprises: improving a hardened field which is not acidified and alkalized and improving a hardened field which is acidified and alkalized simultaneously;

the treatment of the bacterial and insect pests and the weeds comprises the following steps: treating underground insect pests, treating overground insect pests, treating fungi, treating bacteria and treating weeds.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned land improvement operations for a hardened field without acidification and alkalization are: mixing phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycete strains, adding organic fertilizer and plant protein, and plowing into the field.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the concrete steps of improving the hardened field by simultaneous acidification and alkalization are: firstly, neutralizing soil by adopting acetic acid or lime, then mixing phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycete strains, adding organic fertilizer and plant protein, and ploughing into the field together.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the added weight of the strain is 20 kg/mu, the added weight of the organic fertilizer is 1 t/mu, and the added weight of the plant protein is 40 kg/mu.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned operations for treating underground insect pests are: diluting herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae extract by 20-50 times, diluting radix Stemonae extract by 50-100 times, mixing, and irrigating root.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned operations for controlling ground insect pests are: diluting the stemona extract by 20-50 times, and spraying the stemona extract on crops.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned fungus management operations are: mixing the white oil and the stemona root extracting solution, adding 10 times of water for dilution, and then irrigating roots or spraying to areas needing fungus treatment.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific method for treating bacteria is as follows: judging the nutrient lacking in the plant, and then supplementing the corresponding fertilizer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific operations for controlling weeds are as follows: an agricultural film is laid on the grass surface, and a layer of weeding cloth is superposed on the agricultural film.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the plant nutrition for strengthening seedlings is: after being fermented and decomposed, the aquatic plants are scattered into the field to be used as high-protein organic matters.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

the invention provides a method for using a bactericide to replace petrochemical agriculture for the first time, and adopts a mode of combining soil improvement, non-toxic plant protection, bacterial and insect diseases and weed damage and plant nutrition supplement by strong seedlings, thereby putting an end to the root hardening source and simultaneously ensuring ecological balance. Not only fundamentally improving the stress resistance of the plant, but also conforming to the integral balance theory of the traditional Chinese medicine, strengthening the body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors to deal with various disease and bacterial damages, so that the plant can generate antibodies by itself and achieve the effect of self-repairing. More importantly, the whole ecology enters virtuous circle, and has great significance compared with the prior petrochemical western medicine countermeasure technology that one plant disease is sprayed with a corresponding pesticide, meanwhile, the invention has no pesticide residue on soil and fruits, does not cause the crops to generate drug resistance, and is more in line with the virtuous circle development of agriculture; finally, the method of the invention also improves the plant yield, the content of the produced fruit and vegetable traditional Chinese medicinal materials is higher than the market standard, the taste is strong, the mouth feel is good, and the market value is higher.

In conclusion, the treatment steps are mutually buckled and interacted, so that the effects of reducing soil pesticide residues, repairing soil acid, alkali and salinization, improving plant yield and improving the taste of agricultural products are achieved.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

in some embodiments of the present invention, when the hardened field is not acidified and alkalized, the specific operation of soil improvement is: phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycetes are combined with common organic fertilizer and plant protein, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and ploughed into the field. One of the root causes of soil hardening is the killing of bacteria in the soil by the bactericide, which supplements microorganisms to restore soil balance.

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the soil is hardened and simultaneously acidification and alkalization occur, the concrete operations of soil improvement are: firstly, acetic acid or lime slurry land is adopted for neutralization, then phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen fixing bacteria and actinomycetes are combined with organic fertilizer and plant protein, and other organic matters are added to be put into the land together and ploughed. The second root of hardened and acid-alkalized soil is that organic matters in the soil are predated by nitrogen fertilizers in petrochemical agriculture, and because 1 part of nitrogen needs 25 parts of organic matters to be combined, the organic matter content is low, the physicochemical properties are poor, the activity of microorganisms is influenced, the formation of soil aggregate structures is influenced, the acid-alkali property of the soil is too high or too low, and the soil is hardened. According to the invention, organic matters are added on the basis of the strains of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and the like, the original pH value is diluted in a self-fusion manner and is absorbed and utilized by plants, and when enough organic matters exist, acid radical ions or metal ions in soil can be dissociated to be combined to generate new organic matters.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of the added strain is 20 kg/mu, the amount of the added organic fertilizer is 1 t/mu, and the amount of the added plant protein is 40 kg/mu.

The organic matter is added in a proportion of 0.08 to 0.12kg/m²The method provides a large amount of organic matters for acidifying and alkalizing the soil, is easier to combine and improve, and needs to consider the organic matter content and planting varieties of the land block in practical application. The data are based on critical desertification soil with 1% organic matter. If the content is less than 1%, the investment needs to be increased, and if the content is more than 1.5%, the investment can be correspondingly reduced from the cost saving perspective.

The step is a benign sustainable development, reduces pesticide residues, decomposes hardened salt, and provides a large amount of organic matters and proteins for farmlands.

The treatment of the bacterial pests, the insect pests and the grass pests comprises the treatment of underground insect pests, the treatment of overground insect pests, the treatment of fungi, the treatment of bacteria and the treatment of grass pests;

in some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned operations for treating underground insect pests are: diluting herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae extract by 20-50 times, diluting radix Stemonae extract by 50-100 times, mixing, and irrigating root of crop to effectively kill underground insect pests such as root-knot nematode. The method has the advantages of no pesticide residue, no harm to human body and heat-clearing and detoxifying effects because herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae and radix Stemonae are both traditional Chinese medicinal materials mainly used for killing ascarid and bacillary dysentery of human beings.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned operations for controlling ground insect pests are: the stemona root extract is diluted by 20-50 times, and is sprayed on crops, so that overground pests such as red spiders, rice planthoppers, filariasis and the like can be effectively killed.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned fungus management operations are: mixing white oil and radix Stemonae extractive solution, diluting with 10 times of water, and then irrigating root or spraying to the area to be treated with fungus, wherein the mixed medicine can form a film on plant when being applied by root irrigation or spraying, and suffocate various fungal diseases such as root rot, carbon maggot, downy mildew, and powdery mildew. Meanwhile, the film covered on the leaves can cause identification obstacle for late flying insect foraging, and also has a dissolving effect on the surface of the wax of the mollusk, so that the mollusk loses body fluid and dies. The mixture can only suffocate and die fungi, and does not harm bacteria and viruses, so that the mixture can not kill bacteria applied to the field, and the step replaces a bactericide in petrochemical agriculture and ensures ecological balance.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific method for treating bacteria is as follows: the method for treating bacteria adopts a method of strengthening yang and eliminating evil to provide the nutrients which are deficient in plants, so that the plants can generate antibodies to achieve the self-repairing effect, and the plants strengthen the bacteria naturally and cannot invade, such as: if the plants have bacterial angular leaf spots and old leaves are red, the plants are judged to be lack of phosphorus, and if phosphate fertilizers are supplemented correspondingly, the bacterial angular leaf spots can be cured in a later period.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific operations for controlling weeds are as follows: the method has the advantages that the agricultural film and the weeding cloth can be recycled, and the weeding cloth is not suffocated to the roots of crops while weeding.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the plant nutrition for strengthening seedlings is: the aquatic plants are fermented, decomposed and scattered into the field to serve as high-protein organic matters, the aquatic plants can easily adsorb various elements, so that the aquatic plants have the function of enriching medium and trace elements, the plants can absorb the high-protein organic matters digested by microorganisms most easily, various balanced nutrient substances are provided for the plants, and the plants grow well naturally. The method has the advantages that waste resources are comprehensively utilized, and various nutrient-rich products caused by petrochemical agriculture, such as blue-green algae, peanut and enteromorpha, can be used as fermentation and decomposition raw materials.

The aquatic plant fermentation and decomposition process comprises the following steps: firstly, finding a smooth cement terrace, building a sealable shed, mixing excrement and aquatic plants according to a certain proportion to meet the carbon-nitrogen ratio of 30, simultaneously adding a fermentation microbial inoculum for mixing and stacking in the shed, keeping the water content of the raw materials at 50% for fermentation, turning the pile when the measured temperature is 60-70 ℃ until the raw materials are obviously carbonized or the pile temperature is reduced to below 40 ℃.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

Example 1

the concrete operation of the land hardening without acidification and alkalization is as follows: mixing phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycete strains, adding organic fertilizer and plant protein, and plowing into the field.

The concrete steps of the hardened field improvement which simultaneously generates acidification and alkalization are as follows: neutralizing soil with acetic acid or lime, mixing phosphorus-decomposing bacteria, potassium-decomposing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycete, adding organic fertilizer and plant protein, and ploughing.

The adding mass of the strain is 20 kg/mu, the adding mass of the organic fertilizer is 1 t/mu, and the adding mass of the plant protein is 40 kg/mu.

the concrete operation of treating the underground insect pests is as follows: diluting herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae extract 50 times, diluting radix Stemonae extract 50 times, mixing, and irrigating root.

The specific operation of treating the ground insect pests is as follows: diluting radix Stemonae extract by 20 times, and spraying on crops.

The specific operation of fungus treatment is as follows: mixing the white oil and the stemona root extracting solution, adding 10 times of water for dilution, and then irrigating roots or spraying to areas needing fungus treatment.

The specific method for treating the bacteria comprises the following steps: judging the nutrient deficiency of the plant, and then supplementing the corresponding fertilizer to make the fertilizer generate the antibody per se, thereby achieving the effect of self-repairing.

The specific operation of controlling the weeds is as follows: an agricultural film is laid on the grass surface, and a layer of weeding cloth is superposed on the agricultural film.

The strong seedling supplement plant nutrition specifically comprises the following steps: after being fermented and decomposed, the aquatic plants are scattered into the field to be used as high-protein organic matters. The aquatic plant fermentation and decomposition process comprises the following steps: firstly, finding a smooth cement terrace, building a sealable shed, mixing excrement and aquatic plants according to the carbon-nitrogen ratio of 30, simultaneously adding a fermentation microbial inoculum for mixing and stacking in the shed, keeping the water content of the raw materials at 50% for fermentation at the pile height of more than 80cm, turning the pile when the measured temperature is 60-70 ℃ until the raw materials are obviously carbonized or the pile retting temperature is reduced to below 40 ℃.

Example 2

the concrete operation of treating the underground insect pests is as follows: diluting herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae extract 100 times, diluting radix Stemonae extract 100 times, mixing, and irrigating root.

The specific operation of treating the ground insect pests is as follows: diluting the stemona extract by 50 times, and spraying the stemona extract on crops.

The specific method for treating the bacteria comprises the following steps: judging the nutrient lacking in the plant, and then supplementing the corresponding fertilizer.

The strong seedling supplement plant nutrition specifically comprises the following steps: after being fermented and decomposed, the aquatic plants are scattered into the field to be used as high-protein organic matters.

Example 3

the concrete operation of treating the underground insect pests is as follows: diluting herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae extract 30 times and radix Stemonae extract 80 times, mixing, and irrigating root.

The specific operation of treating the ground insect pests is as follows: diluting the stemona extract by 40 times, and spraying the stemona extract on crops.

The strong seedling supplement plant nutrition specifically comprises the following steps: after being fermented and decomposed, the aquatic plants and the straws are scattered into the field to be used as high-protein organic matters.

Example 4

This example is a field experiment, and underground root-knot nematodes, rats and beetles are severe in certain acidified soil. Firstly, spreading lime in a field to neutralize soil, then uniformly mixing and spraying phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycetes with organic fertilizer and plant protein, turning over, after field planting, diluting a euphorbia helioscopia extract by 20-50 times and a radix stemonae extract by 50-100 times, mixing and irrigating roots of crop rhizomes, and basically killing underground insect pests after one week; if insect pests are found on plants, diluting the stemona extract by 20-50 times, spraying the stemona extract on crops, and killing the above-ground insects; if fungus damage is found, the white oil and the stemona root extracting solution are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1, water with the mass being 10 times that of the mixture is added for dilution, then root irrigation or spraying is carried out on the area needing fungus control, and a film can be formed on plants when the spraying is carried out in a root irrigation or spraying mode, so that the effective rate of killing various fungus damage can be increased. Observing the expression of plant leaves, applying corresponding deficient fertilizer nutrients if various abnormal phenomena such as green mesophyll, whitening of inner roll or edge, whitening of new leaf or purple of old leaf and the like are found, supplementing the nutrients required by the plant through the target delivery mode of the product per se, and enabling the plant per se to generate antibodies so as to realize self-repair. And finally, fertilizing by adopting fermented and decomposed high-protein organic matters in the growth process of the plants to supplement nutrition for the plants and thrive.

The plants grown in the embodiment of the invention have high fruiting rate and basically have no pesticide residues, wherein Shandong tea leaves are detected by SGC company, 510 pesticide residues are detected according to European Union standard, and all the pesticide residues are not detected; the content of Sihong salvia miltiorrhiza planted by the water-fertilizer plant protection method is far higher than the standard, namely that the Sihong salvia miltiorrhiza planted by the water-fertilizer plant protection method is basically 0.26 percent, the content of Sihong salvia miltiorrhiza is 0.56 percent, the content of Sihong salvia miltiorrhiza is 0.25 percent in 2015 pharmacopoeia standard, and the content of Sihong salvia miltiorrhiza is 0.3 percent in 2020 pharmacopoeia standard.

Therefore, the above embodiments can show that the water-fertilizer plant protection method of the present invention can not only degrade the residual pesticide in soil after years of pesticide use, but also achieve the standard of zero pesticide residue in planted varieties and achieve high planting yield because no conventional pesticide is used in the planting process. The content tested by the invention is the proportion of various inherent active ingredients of the plants, the corresponding active ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are higher, and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials have better mouthfeel and stronger taste in the aspect of daily vegetables and fruits.

The invention provides a method for using a bactericide to replace petrochemical agriculture for the first time, and adopts a mode of combining soil improvement, non-toxic plant protection, bacterial and insect diseases and weed damage and plant nutrition supplement by strong seedlings, thereby putting an end to the root hardening source and simultaneously ensuring ecological balance. Not only fundamentally improving the stress resistance of the plant, but also conforming to the overall balance theory of traditional Chinese medicine, including the existence of vital qi, the failure of pathogenic factors to dry, and strengthening the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors to deal with various disease and bacterial damages, so that the plant can generate antibodies to achieve the effect of self-repairing. More importantly, the whole ecology enters virtuous circle, and has great significance compared with the prior petrochemical western medicine countermeasure technology that one plant disease is sprayed with a corresponding pesticide, meanwhile, the invention has no pesticide residue on soil and fruits, does not cause the crops to generate drug resistance, and is more in line with the virtuous circle development of agriculture; finally, the method of the invention also improves the plant yield, the content of the produced fruit and vegetable traditional Chinese medicinal materials is higher than the market standard, the taste is strong, the mouth feel is good, and the market value is higher.

The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residue and improving plant content is characterized in that the water-fertilizer plant protection method comprises soil improvement, controlling of bacterial and insect pests and weeds, and strengthening of seedlings to supplement plant nutrition;

2. The method for reducing pesticide residues and increasing plant content in water and fertilizer for plant protection according to claim 1, wherein the concrete operation of improving the soil without acidification and alkalization is as follows: mixing phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycete strains, adding organic fertilizer and plant protein, and plowing into the field.

3. The method for plant protection by water and fertilizer capable of reducing pesticide residues and increasing plant content according to claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of improving the hardened field which is simultaneously acidified and alkalized are as follows: firstly, neutralizing soil by adopting acetic acid or lime, then mixing phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter and actinomycete strains, adding organic fertilizer and plant protein, and ploughing into the field together.

4. The method for plant protection by water and fertilizer with reduced pesticide residue and increased plant content as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the added mass of the strain is 20 kg/mu, the added mass of the organic fertilizer is 1 t/mu, and the added mass of the plant protein is 40 kg/mu.

5. The method for reducing the pesticide residue and improving the plant content of the water and fertilizer plant protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete operation of treating the underground insect pests is as follows: diluting herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae extract by 20-50 times, diluting radix Stemonae extract by 50-100 times, mixing, and irrigating root.

6. The method for plant protection by water and fertilizer capable of reducing pesticide residues and increasing plant content according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation for treating the overground pests is as follows: diluting the stemona extract by 20-50 times, and spraying the stemona extract on crops.

7. The method for plant protection by water and fertilizer capable of reducing pesticide residues and increasing plant content according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation for controlling fungi is as follows: mixing the white oil and the stemona root extracting solution, adding 10 times of water for dilution, and then irrigating roots or spraying to areas needing fungus treatment.

8. The method for plant protection by water and fertilizer capable of reducing pesticide residues and increasing plant content according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for treating bacteria is as follows: judging the nutrient lacking in the plant, and then supplementing the corresponding fertilizer.

9. The method for plant protection by water and fertilizer capable of reducing pesticide residues and increasing plant content according to claim 1, wherein the concrete operation of controlling the weeds is as follows: an agricultural film is laid on the grass surface, and a layer of weeding cloth is superposed on the agricultural film.

10. The water and fertilizer plant protection method for reducing pesticide residues and improving plant content according to claim 1, wherein the strong seedling supplementing plant nutrition specifically comprises the following steps: after being fermented and decomposed, the aquatic plants are scattered into the field to be used as high-protein organic matters.