CN112851530A - 一种空穴传输材料及含有该材料的有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents
一种空穴传输材料及含有该材料的有机电致发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光材料领域,具体涉及一种空穴传输材料及含有该材料的有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
有机电致发光显示器(organic light-emitting devices)又称作有机电致发光二极管(organic light-emitting diodes),简称OLEDs,是二十世纪八十年代发展起来的一种全固态平板化显示技术。有机电致发光是指有机半导体材料在电场驱动下,通过载流子注入、传输、复合形成激子以及激子衰变而导致发光的现象,根据这种发光原理制成的显示器即为OLEDs。
在OLED中,空穴传输层的作用是提高空穴在器件中的传输效率,并将电子阻挡在发光层内,实现载流子的最大复合。空穴传输层可以降低空穴在注入过程中的能量壁垒,增加空穴注入效率,提高器件的亮度和寿命。对于好的空穴传输材料,除了要求其具有很高的空穴迁移率外,还要满足以下条件:(1)能够形成无缺陷的均一无定形薄膜;(2)具有很好的热稳定性,在长期运作下仍可保持无定形态。尽管目前OLED的老化机理并不是很清楚,但是有研究表明有机层物理形态的变化是其影响因素之一,比如由于器件操作时产生的热引起的有机层的熔融与结晶;(3)具有合适的最高分子占据轨道(HOMO)能级,以保证空穴在各个界面之间的有效注入与传输;防止器件在工作中产生过多的焦耳热引起材料的再结晶。这种结晶会破坏薄膜的均一性,同时破坏了空穴传输层同阳极以及有机层之间良好的界面接触,从而导致器件的寿命下降。
目前,寻找性能优良的空穴传输材料已经成为OLED领域技术人员的研究热点。
发明内容
发明目的:针对上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种空穴传输材料及含有该材料的有机电致发光器件。
为了达到上述发明目的,本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种空穴传输材料,其结构式如下式所示:
其中,R1、R2各自独立的为取代或未取代的C6-C30芳香基、取代或未取代的C5-C30杂芳香基、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳香胺基;
L1、L2各自独立的为取代或未取代的C6-C30芳香基;
m、n各自独立的为1或0。
进一步地,R1、R2各自独立的为苯基、联苯基、芴基、氧芴基、9,9-二甲基芴基、9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二苯基芴基、硫芴基、咔唑基、苯并咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、邻二苯基苯基、1-苯基-2-(4-苯基苯基)苯基、三苯胺基;
所述苯基、联苯基、芴基、氧芴基、9,9-二甲基芴基、9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二苯基芴基、硫芴基、咔唑基、苯并咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、邻二苯基苯基、1-苯基-2-(4-苯基苯基)苯基、三苯胺基为未取代的或是其中至少一个氢被氘、氰基、甲基、单氘甲基、双氘甲基、三氘甲基取代的基团。
进一步地,L1、L2各自独立的为亚苯基、亚茚基、亚芴基。
进一步地,所述空穴传输材料为以下结构式化合物中的任意一种:
上述空穴传输材料的制备方法如下:
(1)
惰性气体保护下,将化合物Ⅰ、化合物Ⅱ、叔丁醇钠、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三叔丁基膦、甲苯加入到反应瓶中,搅拌混合均匀后升温至回流反应5-10h,再降至室温加水搅拌10-30min过滤,滤液分液得有机相,有机相干燥后浓缩,用二氯甲烷溶解后硅胶粉拌样柱层析得到化合物Ⅲ;
(2)
惰性气体保护下,将化合物Ⅲ、化合物Ⅳ、叔丁醇钠、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三叔丁基膦、甲苯加入到反应瓶中,搅拌混合均匀后升温至回流反应5-10h,再降至室温加水搅拌10-30min过滤,滤液分液得有机相,有机相干燥后浓缩,用二氯甲烷溶解后硅胶粉拌样柱层析即可得到所述空穴传输材料。
上述空穴传输材料在制备有机电致发光器件中的应用。
一种有机电致发光器件,包括顺次堆积设置的阳极、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层、阴极,空穴传输层含有上述空穴传输材料中的一种或多种;
一种有机电致发光显示设备,含有上述有机电致发光器件。
一种LED照明设备,含有上述有机电致发光器件。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明设计的化合物是一款用于OLED的功能性材料,该类材料具有丰富的电子云密度,非常高的空穴迁移速率、较高的HOMO能级,能够作为很好的空穴传输材料使用。该结构式中引入了全新的结构(I),该结构具有非常好的供电子性能,能够大幅度提高材料分子的空穴迁移速率,提高了材料的HOMO能级,该特性有效的将电子限制在发光层中,进而大幅度提高了使用该材料作为空穴传输材料的器件的发光效率和寿命。经过器件验证,该类材料的光电性能远远优于目前现有HTL的性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的有机电致发光器件的结构示意图;
图中标号分别代表:
1-阴极、2-电子注入层、3-电子传输层、4-发光层、5-空穴传输层、6-空穴注入层、7-阳极。
具体实施方式
实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
实施例1:
空穴传输材料(1)的制备方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下,将化合物1-a(3-(2-chloropropan-2-yl)naphthalen-1-amine)(10.0g,219.71g/mol,45.66mmol)和化合物1-b(2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene)(2.5eq,84.2g/mol,114.15mmol,9.6g)加入到无水二氯甲烷中(100ml,与化合物1-a的v/m=10)搅拌混合均匀降温至-78℃,将四氯化钛(0.11eq,189.68g/mol,5mmol,1.0g)缓慢滴加进入,在此温度下反应30min后恢复室温,继续反应30min,将反应液倒入1%的盐酸(100ml,与化合物1-a的v/m=10)中,搅拌30min分液有机相干燥,浓缩后柱层析提纯得到化合物1-c(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-amine)(8.6g,收率70.5%),MS(EI):267(M+)。
(2)
氮气保护下,将化合物1-c(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物1-d(2-bromo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene)(1eq,273.17g/mol,29.96mmol,8.2g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,32.96mmol,3.2g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物1-c的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物1-c的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到化合物1-e(N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)(11.3g,收率82.2%),MS(EI):459(M+)。
(3)
氮气保护下,将化合物1-e(11.0g,459.66g/mol,23.97mmol)、化合物1-f(4-bromo-1,1'-biphenyl)(1eq,233.10g/mol,23.97mmol,5.6g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,26.37mmol,2.5g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.199mmol,1.1g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.199mmol,0.24g)、甲苯(220ml,与化合物1-e的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(220ml,与化合物1-e的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(1)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)(12.6g,收率85.6%),MS(EI):611(M+)。
空穴传输材料(1)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.15-8.09(m,2H),8.02-7.93(d,1H),7.75-7.62(d,1H),7.58-7.37(m,12H),7.34-7.28(m,1H),7.10-6.92(s,1H),6.83-6.73(d,2H),6.69-6.53(d,1H),2.02-1.93(s,6H),1.67-1.54(s,12H),1.12-1.01(s,6H)。
实施例2:
空穴传输材料(2)的制备方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下,将化合物2-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物2-b(3-bromodibenzo[b,d]furan)(1eq,247.09g/mol,29.96mmol,7.4g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,32.96mmol,3.2g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物2-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物2-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到化合物2-c(N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-amine)(10.6g,收率81.7%),MS(EI):433(M+)。
(2)
氮气保护下,将化合物2-c(10.0g,433.58g/mol,23mmol)、化合物2-d(4-bromo-1,1'-biphenyl)(1eq,233.10g/mol,23mmol,5.4g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,25.3mmol,2.4g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.15mmol,1.1g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.15mmol,0.23g)、甲苯(200ml,与化合物2-c的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(200ml,与化合物2-c的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(2)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-amine)(11.4g,收率84.9%),MS(EI):585(M+)。
空穴传输材料(2)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.21-8.08(m,2H),8.05-7.97(d,1H),7.83-7.73(m,2H),7.60-7.41(m,13H),6.85-6.79(d,2H),6.52-6.38(d,1H),1.58-1.49(s,12H),1.15-1.06(s,6H)。
实施例3:
空穴传输材料(7)的制备方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下,将化合物3-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物3-b(3-bromodibenzo[b,d]thiophene)(1eq,263.15g/mol,29.96mmol,7.9g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,32.96mmol,3.2g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物3-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物3-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到化合物3-c(N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-3-amine)(10.8g,收率79.8%),MS(EI):449(M+)。
(2)
氮气保护下,将化合物3-c(10.0g,449.65g/mol,22.27mmol)、化合物3-d(4-bromo-1,1'-biphenyl)(1eq,233.10g/mol,22.27mmol,5.2g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,22.27mmol,2.1g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.11mmol,1.0g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.11mmol,0.22g)、甲苯(200ml,与化合物3-c的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(200ml,与化合物3-c的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(7)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-3-amine)(11.8g,收率88.0%),MS(EI):601(M+)。
空穴传输材料(7)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.62-8.55(d,1H),8.10-8.03(m,3H),7.89-7.80(d,1H),7.61-7.42(m,12H),7.18-7.09(s,1H),6.97-6.88(d,1H),6.75-6.65(d,2H),1.62-1.54(s,12H),1.03-0.96(s,6H)。
实施例4:
空穴传输材料(13)的制备方法与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(13)(N-([1,1':4',1”-terphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)(14.4g,收率87.4%),MS(EI):687(M+)。
空穴传输材料(13)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.13-8.06(m,2H),7.96-7.83(d,1H),7.70-7.62(d,1H),7.58-7.34(m,12H),7.30-7.25(m,1H),7.20-7.12(m,4H),6.86-6.79(s,1H),6.73-6.62(d,2H),6.55-6.48(d,1H),2.03-1.90(s,6H),1.58-1.46(s,12H),1.15-1.03(s,6H)。
实施例5:
空穴传输材料(14)的制备方法与实施例2基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(14)(N-([1,1':4',1”-terphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-amine)(13.8g,收率90.6%),MS(EI):661(M+)。
空穴传输材料(14)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.17-8.09(m,2H),8.02-7.94(d,1H),7.76-7.65(m,2H),7.60-7.38(m,13H),7.32-7.23(s,4H),6.85-6.73(m,2H),6.52-6.40(d,1H),1.74-1.62(s,12H),1.21-1.09(s,6H)。
实施例6:
空穴传输材料(14)的制备方法与实施例3基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(19)(N-([1,1':4',1”-terphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-3-amine)(13.3g,收率88%),MS(EI):677(M+)。
空穴传输材料(14)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.73-8.64(d,1H),8.25-8.13(m,3H),8.08-7.92(d,1H),7.62-7.52(m,12H),7.35-7.24(s,4H),7.11-7.03(s,1H),6.88-6.72(d,1H),6.63-6.50(m,2H),1.55-1.46(s,12H),1.10-1.01(s,6H)。
实施例7:
空穴传输材料(25)的制备方法与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(25)(N-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)(14.2g,收率86.2%),MS(EI):687(M+)。
空穴传输材料(25)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.11-8.05(m,2H),7.93-7.82(d,1H),7.91-7.78(m,4H),7.56-7.38(m,13H),7.22-7.15(m,2H),7.07-6.93(s,1H),6.80-6.73(s,1H),6.59-6.47(m,1H),1.86-1.82(s,6H),1.33-1.26(s,12H),1.07-0.96(s,6H)。
实施例8:
空穴传输材料(26)的制备方法与实施例2基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(26)(N-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-amine)(12.8g,收率83.9%),MS(EI):661(M+)。
空穴传输材料(26)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.16-8.09(m,2H),8.03-7.94(d,1H),7.88-7.79(m,4H),7.66-7.60(m,3H)7.51-7.32(m,12H),7.02-6.96(s,1H),6.79-6.68(d,1H),6.45-6.34(d,1H),1.38-1.29(s,12H),1.02-0.98(s,6H)。
实施例9:
空穴传输材料(31)的制备方法与实施例3基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(31)(N-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-3-amine)(13.2g,收率84.4%),MS(EI):677(M+)。
空穴传输材料(31)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.67-8.54(d,1H),8.03-7.94(m,3H),7.80-7.71(m,5H),7.61-7.55(d,1H)7.50-7.41(m,11H),7.11-7.06(s,1H),6.99-6.89(s,1H),6.82-6.73(d,1H),6.65-6.54(d,1H),1.50-1.43(s,12H),0.99-0.92(s,6H)。
实施例10:
空穴传输材料(49)的制备方法如下:
氮气保护下,将化合物10-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物10-b(3-bromodibenzo[b,d]thiophene)(2eq,273.17g/mol,59.92mmol,16.4g)、叔丁醇钠(2.1eq,96.1g/mol,62.92mmol,6.1g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物10-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物10-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(49)(N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)(15.7g,收率80.3%),MS(EI):651(M+)。
空穴传输材料(49)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.08-8.01(m,2H),7.96-7.87(d,2H),7.83-7.73(d,2H),7.66-7.58(m,4H)7.48-7.38(m,4H),7.31-7.22(m,1H),6.77-6.68(s,2H),6.54-6.43(d,2H),1.90-1.77(s,12H),1.56-1.48(s,12H),1.09-0.98(s,6H)。
实施例11:
空穴传输材料(50)的制备方法如下:
氮气保护下,将化合物11-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物11-b(3-bromodibenzo[b,d]furan)(2eq,247.09g/mol,59.92mmol,14.8g)、叔丁醇钠(2.1eq,96.1g/mol,62.92mmol,6.1g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物11-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物11-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(50)(N-(dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-amine)(14.6g,收率81.5%),MS(EI):599(M+)。
空穴传输材料(50)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.14-8.05(m,2H),7.92-7.84(d,2H),7.73-7.66(m,4H),7.45-7.32(m,9H),7.37-6.44(d,2H),1.56-1.45(s,12H),1.12-1.03(s,6H)。
实施例12:
空穴传输材料(51)的制备方法如下:
氮气保护下,将化合物12-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物12-b(3-bromodibenzo[b,d]thiophene)(2eq,263.15g/mol,59.92mmol,15.7g)、叔丁醇钠(2.1eq,96.1g/mol,62.92mmol,6.1g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物12-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物12-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(51)(N-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-3-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-3-amine)(14.4g,收率76.3%),MS(EI):631(M+)。
空穴传输材料(51)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.50-8.42(d,2H),8.02-7.96(m,3H),7.88-7.79(d,2H),7.60-7.52(m,6H),7.48-7.42(d,2H),7.04-6.93(s,2H),6.87-6.73(d,2H),1.54-1.43(s,12H),1.06-0.97(s,6H)。
实施例13:
空穴传输材料(61)的制备方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下,将化合物13-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物13-b(4-bromo-1,1'-biphenyl)(1eq,233.10g/mol,29.96mmol,7.0g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,32.96mmol,3.2g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.30g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物13-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物13-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到化合物13-c(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-amine)(10.0g,收率79.8%),MS(EI):419(M+)。
(2)
氮气保护下,将化合物13-c(9.0g,419.60g/mol,21.48mmol)、化合物13-d(2-(4-bromophenyl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene)(1eq,349.26g/mol,21.48mmol,7.5g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,23.63mmol,2.3g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.07mmol,1.0g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.07mmol,0.22g)、甲苯(180ml,与化合物13-c的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(180ml,与化合物13-c的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(61)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)phenyl)-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1Hcyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-amine)(11.5g,收率77.5%),MS(EI):687(M+)。
空穴传输材料(61)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.11-8.03(m,2H),7.91-7.86(m,2H),7.80-7.72(d,1H),7.68-7.57(d,1H),7.51-7.38(m,14H),7.26-7.14(m,1H),6.77-6.69(d,4H),1.74-1.63(s,6H),1.56-1.44(s,12H),1.05-0.96(s,6H)。
实施例14:
空穴传输材料(62)的制备方法与实施例13基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(62)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-(dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-yl)phenyl)-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-amine)(11.5g,收率80.7%),MS(EI):661(M+)。
空穴传输材料(62)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.09-7.97(m,2H),7.95-7.89(m,2H),7.83-7.75(d,1H),7.69-7.62(d,2H),7.49-7.31(m,14H),6.80-6.69(m,4H),1.65-1.55(s,12H),1.18-1.04(s,6H)。
实施例15:
空穴传输材料(68)的制备方法与实施例13基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(68)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-(dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-yl)phenyl)-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-amine)(11.8g,收率73.4%),MS(EI):748(M+)。
空穴传输材料(68)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.75-8.68(d,1H),8.41-8.33(d,1H),8.10-7.98(m,3H),7.96-7.87(d,1H),7.75-7.63(d,2H),7.54-7.28(m,15H),7.17-7.09(d,1H),6.75-6.62(d,2H),6.55-6.46(s,1H),6.43-6.32(d,1H),4.22-4.15(s,2H),1.55-1.46(s,12H),0.95-0.82(s,6H)。
实施例16:
空穴传输材料(93)的制备方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下,将化合物16-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物16-b(4-(8-bromo-9H-fluoren-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene)(1eq,427.36g/mol,29.96mmol,12.8g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,32.96mmol,3.2g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物16-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物16-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到化合物16-c(5-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9H-fluoren-1-amine)(13.2g,收率71.6%),MS(EI):613(M+)。
(2)
氮气保护下,将化合物16-c(13.0g,613.85g/mol,21.2mmol)、化合物16-d(2-(8-bromo-9H-fluoren-4-yl)dibenzo[b,d]furan)(1eq,411.29g/mol,21.2mmol,8.7g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,23.32mmol,2.2g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.06mmol,1.0g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.06mmol,0.21g)、甲苯(260ml,与化合物16-c的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(260ml,与化合物16-c的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(93)(5-(dibenzo[b,d]furan-2-yl)-N-(5-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-4-yl)-9H-fluoren-1-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9H-fluoren-1-amine)(13.3g,收率66.4%),MS(EI):944(M+)。
空穴传输材料(93)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.55-8.41(d,2H),8.31-8.20(d,1H),8.05-7.94(m,3H),7.90-7.83(m,1H),7.81-7.76(m,1H),7.72-7.50(m,12H),7.48-7.37(m,6H),7.32-7.27(m,2H),7.23-7.11(m,2H),6.55-6.48(d,2H),4.22-4.13(s,4H),1.53-1.40(s,12H),0.98-0.87(s,6H)。
实施例17:
空穴传输材料(97)的制备方法与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(97)(N-(1-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-1H-inden-4-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)(12.7g,收率69.1%),MS(EI):766(M+)。
空穴传输材料(93)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.26-8.14(m,2H),8.13-8.06(d,2H),7.85-7.76(d,1H),7.62-7.55(d,1H),7.50-7.41(m,4H),7.38-7.32(m,5H),7.28-7.22(m,2H),7.18-7.10(m,2H),7.06-6.95(d,1H),6.82-6.75(s,1H),4.58-4.53(m,2H),6.43-6.39(m,2H),4.78-4.67(d,1H),1.72-1.65(s,12H),1.52-1.45(s,12H),0.92-0.85(s,6H)。
实施例18:
空穴传输材料(105)的制备方法与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(105)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)-N-(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine)(12.5g,收率85.3%),MS(EI):611(M+)。
空穴传输材料(105)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.15-8.09(m,2H),8.02-7.93(d,1H),7.75-7.62(d,1H),7.58-7.37(m,12H),7.34-7.28(m,1H),7.10-6.92(s,1H),6.83-6.73(d,2H),6.69-6.53(d,1H),2.02-1.93(s,6H),1.67-1.54(s,12H),1.12-1.01(s,6H)。
实施例19:
空穴传输材料(107)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.15-8.09(m,2H),8.02-7.93(d,1H),7.75-7.62(d,1H),7.58-7.37(m,9H),7.34-7.28(m,1H),7.10-6.92(s,1H),6.83-6.73(d,2H),6.69-6.53(d,1H),2.02-1.93(s,6H),1.67-1.54(s,12H),1.12-1.01(s,6H)。
实施例20:
空穴传输材料(111)的制备方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下,将化合物20-a(8.0g,267.41g/mol,29.96mmol)、化合物20-b(bromobenzene)(1eq,157.01g/mol,29.96mmol,4.7g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,32.96mmol,3.2g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.498mmol,1.4g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.498mmol,0.3g)、甲苯(160ml,与化合物20-a的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(160ml,与化合物20-a的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到化合物20-c(1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-N-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-amine)(8.5g,收率82.3%),MS(EI):343(M+)。
(2)
氮气保护下,将化合物20-c(7.9g,343.50g/mol,23mmol)、化合物20-d(4-bromo-1,1':3',1”-terphenyl)(1eq,309.20g/mol,23mmol,7.1g)、叔丁醇钠(1.1eq,96.1g/mol,25.3mmol,2.4g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915.72g/mol,1.15mmol,1.1g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1.15mmol,0.23g)、甲苯(158ml,与化合物20-c的v/m=20)加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应5h,降至室温后加入水中(158ml,与化合物20-c的v/m=20),搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸镁干燥后过硅胶短柱后得滤液,滤液旋干后用最少量二氯甲烷溶解,硅胶粉拌样后柱层析得到空穴传输材料(111)(N-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl)-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexamethyl-N-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalen-4-amine)(11.2g,收率85.3%),MS(EI):571(M+)。
空穴传输材料(111)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.10-8.05(d,2H),7.84-7.75(d,4H),7.69-7.60(d,1H),7.53-7.47(m,6H),7.45-7.40(d,3H),7.25-7.18(m,2H),6.97-6.80(m,2H),6.68-6.61(m,3H),1.58-1.49(s,12H),1.15-1.06(s,6H)。
实施例21:
空穴传输材料(115)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.15-8.09(m,2H),8.02-7.93(d,1H),7.75-7.62(d,1H),7.58-7.37(m,9H),7.34-7.28(m,1H),7.10-6.92(s,1H),6.83-6.73(d,2H),6.69-6.53(d,1H),2.02-1.93(s,6H),1.67-1.54(s,12H),1.12-1.01(s,6H)。
性能测试:
应用例1:
采用ITO作为反射层阳极基板材料,并依次用水、丙酮、N2等离子对其进行表面处理;
在ITO阳极基板上方,沉积厚度为10nm的HAT-CN形成空穴注入层(HIL);
在空穴注入层(HIL)上方蒸镀本发明实施例1中的空穴传输材料1形成厚度为120nm的空穴传输层(HTL);
将GH-1与GH-3按照5:5重量比例进行混合后作为双主体绿色磷光材料、GD-1作为绿光掺杂材料(GD-1用量为GH-1+GH-3总重量的5%)通过蒸镀在空穴传输层(HTL)上形成厚度为20nm的发光层;
将ETM和LiQ以1:1的比例混合蒸镀得到厚度为35nm的电子传输层(ETL),在电子传输层(ETL)上方蒸镀厚度为2nm的LiQ形成电子注入层(EIL);
此后将镁(Mg)和银(Ag)以9:1的比例混合蒸镀得到厚度为15nm的阴极,在上述阴极封口层上沉积65纳米厚度的DNTPD,此外,在阴极表面以UV硬化胶合剂和含有除湿剂的封装薄膜(seal cap)进行密封,以保护有机电致发光器件不被大气中的氧气或水分所影响至此制备获得有机电致发光器件。
应用例2-21
分别以本发明实施例2-22中的空穴传输材料2、7、13、14、19、25、26、31、49、50、51、61、62、68、93、97、105、107、111、115作为空穴传输层(HTL)物质,其他部分与应用例1一致,据此制作出应用例2-21的有机电致发光器件。
对照例1、2
与应用例1的区别在于,使用HTL-1、HTL-2代替本发明的空穴传输材料1作为空穴传输层材料,其余与应用例1相同。
上述应用例制造的有机电致发光器件及对照例制造的有机电致发光器件的特性是在电流密度为10mA/cm2的条件下测定的,结果如表1所示。
表1:
由如上表1的实验对比数据可知,采用本发明所述的空穴传输材料制备的有机电致发光器件与对照例相比,电压大幅度降低,发光效率显著提高。由此可见,本发明的空穴传输材料能使器件的驱动电压大大降低,大幅度减少了电能的消耗、显著提高了发光效率。另外通过降低驱动电压,有机电致发光器件的寿命有显著提高。
Claims (9)
2.如权利要求1所述的空穴传输材料,其特征在于,R1、R2各自独立的为苯基、联苯基、芴基、氧芴基、9,9-二甲基芴基、9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二苯基芴基、硫芴基、咔唑基、苯并咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、邻二苯基苯基、1-苯基-2-(4-苯基苯基)苯基、三苯胺基;
所述苯基、联苯基、芴基、氧芴基、9,9-二甲基芴基、9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二苯基芴基、硫芴基、咔唑基、苯并咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、邻二苯基苯基、1-苯基-2-(4-苯基苯基)苯基、三苯胺基为未取代的或是其中至少一个氢被氘、氰基、甲基、单氘甲基、双氘甲基、三氘甲基取代的基团。
3.如权利要求1所述的空穴传输材料,其特征在于,L1、L2各自独立的为亚苯基、亚茚基、亚芴基。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的空穴传输材料,其特征在于,制备方法如下:
(1)
惰性气体保护下,将化合物Ⅰ、化合物Ⅱ、叔丁醇钠、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三叔丁基膦、甲苯加入到反应瓶中,搅拌混合均匀后升温至回流反应5-10h,再降至室温加入适量水搅拌10-30min过滤,滤液分液得有机相,有机相干燥后浓缩,用二氯甲烷溶解后硅胶粉拌样柱层析得到化合物Ⅲ;
(2)
惰性气体保护下,将化合物Ⅲ、化合物Ⅳ、叔丁醇钠、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、三叔丁基膦、甲苯加入到反应瓶中,搅拌混合均匀后升温至回流反应5-10h,再降至室温加入适量水搅拌10-30min过滤,滤液分液得有机相,有机相干燥后浓缩,用二氯甲烷溶解后硅胶粉拌样柱层析即可得到所述空穴传输材料。
6.一种如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的空穴传输材料在制备有机电致发光器件中的应用。
7.一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,包括顺次堆积设置的阳极、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层、阴极,所述空穴传输层含有所述权利要求1-4中任一项所述的空穴传输材料中的一种或多种。
8.一种有机电致发光显示设备,其特征在于,含有如权利要求7所述的有机电致发光器件。
9.一种LED照明设备,其特征在于,含有如权利要求7所述的有机电致发光器件。
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CN113501812A (zh) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-15 | 长春海谱润斯科技股份有限公司 | 一种三芳胺化合物及其有机电致发光器件 |
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