CN112840981A - Ecological breeding method for rice and loaches - Google Patents
Ecological breeding method for rice and loaches Download PDFInfo
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- CN112840981A CN112840981A CN202011303710.3A CN202011303710A CN112840981A CN 112840981 A CN112840981 A CN 112840981A CN 202011303710 A CN202011303710 A CN 202011303710A CN 112840981 A CN112840981 A CN 112840981A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological breeding method for rice and loaches, which comprises the following steps: s1, excavating breeding ditches along the periphery of the rice field for breeding loaches; s2, paving impermeable membranes on the inner wall and the bottom of the culture ditch; s3, exposing the dry pond of the culture ditch for 8-10 days, filling the culture ditch with 30-50kg of quicklime and water per mu, and disinfecting the culture ditch; s4, fertilizing and fattening in the rice planting area, injecting water into the culture ditch, and planting aquatic weeds and algae; s5, planting rice: sowing in the middle of April to the beginning of May, and transplanting rice seedlings in the middle of May; s6, putting young loaches into the culture ditch in the middle of May, temporarily culturing the young loaches in the culture ditch, and keeping the cement pipe valve in a closed state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological breeding of rice and fish, in particular to an ecological breeding method of rice and loach.
Background
The rice is classified into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice according to the rice type. The conventional rice and hybrid rice are classified according to the seed reserving mode. Rice is one of the main food crops in China, and the area of the rice field is wide.
The existing rice planting mode is only single rice field planting, the diseases and insect pests are more, the using amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is large, farmers often need to use a large amount of chemical fertilizers, and the economic benefit is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects in the prior art mentioned in the background art, the invention provides an ecological breeding method for the rice and the loaches.
The invention overcomes the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme, and specifically comprises the following steps:
an ecological breeding method for rice and loaches comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating breeding ditches along the periphery of the rice field for breeding loaches, constructing an inner ridge between the breeding ditches and the rice planting area, wherein the inner ridge is 0.2-0.3 m higher than the water surface, constructing an outer ridge at the outer edge of the breeding ditches, the height of the outer ridge is 0.3-0.5 m, preventing the loaches from escaping, and embedding cement pipes at intervals of 5-10 m at the bottom of the inner ridge to communicate the breeding ditches with the rice planting area;
s2, paving impermeable membranes on the inner wall and the bottom of the culture ditch;
s3, exposing the dry pond of the culture ditch for 8-10 days, filling the culture ditch with 30-50kg of quicklime and water per mu, and disinfecting the culture ditch;
s4, fertilizing and fattening in the rice planting area, injecting water into the culture ditch, and planting aquatic weeds and algae;
s5, planting rice: sowing in the middle of April to the beginning of May, and transplanting rice seedlings in the middle of May;
s6, putting loach seedlings into the culture ditch in mid-May, temporarily culturing the loach seedlings in the culture ditch, and keeping a cement pipe valve in a closed state;
s7, opening a valve on the cement pipe after 10-15 days of rice transplanting, and keeping the water depth of the rice planting area at 5-10cm, so that loaches in the cultivation ditch can conveniently enter the rice planting area through the cement pipe;
s8, additionally applying fertilizer to the rice planting area every 25-30 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount per mu is 15-25kg,
s9, feeding the artificial compound feed for the loaches once a day into the culture ditches, wherein the weight of the loaches is 1% in the early stage, 1.5% in the middle stage and 2% in the later stage.
And S10, harvesting the mature rice, and fishing and harvesting the mature loaches when the loach body length reaches 15-20 cm.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the step S1, the width of the cultivation ditch is 1-2 meters, the depth is 0.3-0.6 meters, the middle part of the rice field is a rice planting area, and the cultivation ditch is annular and surrounds the rice planting area.
As a further aspect of the invention: in the step S1, the diameter of the cement pipe is 0.2-0.3 m, and a valve is arranged at the end part of the cement pipe.
As a further aspect of the invention: in the step S4, the fertilizer is organic manure, and the dosage per mu is 100-130 kg.
As a further aspect of the invention: in step S5, the row spacing of the planted rice plants is 0.2 m × 0.3 m.
As a further aspect of the invention: in the step S6, the loach fry is 4-6cm in size, and 9000 loach fries are thrown per mu.
As a further aspect of the invention: in the step S2, the impermeable membrane is buried in the soil for 0.2-0.4 m.
After adopting the structure, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: in the planting and breeding process of the method, the loaches can remove weeds and pests in the rice field, meanwhile, manure of the loaches can provide fertilizer for the rice, the use amount of pesticide can be reduced, the use amount of the fertilizer can also be reduced, so that the planting cost of the rice is reduced, the loaches can also loosen the soil in the rice field, the growth of the rice is facilitated, resources are fully utilized, the yield is increased, and the method has high economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the term "center". The orientations of the "length," "width," "height," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "side," and the like are merely indicated to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In addition, if the description of "first", "second", etc. is referred to in the present invention, it is used for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
An ecological breeding method for rice and loaches comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating breeding ditches along the periphery of the rice field for breeding loaches, wherein the width of each breeding ditch is 1-2 meters, the depth of each breeding ditch is 0.3-0.6 meter, the middle of the rice field is a rice planting area, each breeding ditch is annular and surrounds the rice planting area, an inner ridge is constructed between each breeding ditch and the rice planting area, the inner ridge is 0.2-0.3 meter higher than the water surface, an outer ridge is constructed at the outer edge of each breeding ditch, the height of each outer ridge is 0.3-0.5 meter, the loaches are prevented from escaping, cement pipes are embedded at the bottom of each inner ridge every 5-10 meters, the diameter of each cement pipe is 0.2-0.3 meter, and valves are mounted at the end parts of the cement pipes to enable the breeding ditches to be communicated with the rice planting areas;
s2, paving impermeable membranes on the inner walls and the bottoms of the culture ditches, wherein the impermeable membranes are buried in soil for 0.2-0.4 m, and preferably, the impermeable membranes are nylon membranes or PEP membranes;
s3, exposing the dry pond of the culture ditch for 8-10 days, filling the culture ditch with 30-50kg of quicklime and water per mu, and disinfecting the culture ditch;
s4, fertilizing and fattening in the rice planting area, injecting water into the culture ditch by adopting organic manure with the dosage of 100 plus 130kg per mu, and planting water plants and algae to improve water quality and provide a healthy living and inhabiting environment for the loaches;
s5, planting rice: sowing in the middle ten days of April to the beginning of May, transplanting rice in the middle ten days of May, selecting the planted rice with short stalks, high fertility resistance, high lodging resistance and high disease resistance, and transplanting rice by hand or transplanting rice by a transplanter, wherein the row spacing is 0.2 meters multiplied by 0.3 meters;
s6, putting loach seedlings into the culture ditch in the middle ten days of May, wherein the loach seedlings are 4-6cm in size, strong in physique and free of obvious trauma, putting 6000 plus 12000 fishes per mu, temporarily culturing the loach seedlings in the culture ditch, keeping a cement pipe valve in a closed state, and preventing the loach seedlings from entering a rice planting area to injure rice seedlings;
s7, opening a valve on the cement pipe after 10-15 days of rice transplanting, and keeping the water depth of the rice planting area at 5-10cm, so that loaches in the cultivation ditch can conveniently enter the rice planting area through the cement pipe;
s8, additionally applying fertilizer to the rice planting area every 25-30 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount per mu is 15-25kg,
s9, feeding the artificial compound feed for the loaches once a day into the culture ditches, wherein the weight of the loaches is 1% in the early stage, 1.5% in the middle stage and 2% in the later stage.
And S10, harvesting the mature rice, and fishing and harvesting the mature loaches when the loach body length reaches 15-20 cm.
The weeds and the pest in the rice field can be got rid of to the loach, and simultaneously, the excrement of loach alright for the rice provides fertilizer, both can reduce the use amount of pesticide, also can reduce the use amount of fertilizer to reduce the rice planting cost, the loach can also loosen the soil for the paddy field, helps rice to grow, and the make full use of resource increases the economic benefits in paddy field, thereby promotes the enthusiasm of peasant kind of grain.
Example 2
An ecological breeding method for rice and loaches comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating breeding ditches along the periphery of the rice field for breeding loaches, wherein the width of each breeding ditch is 1.2-1.8 m, the depth of each breeding ditch is 0.4-0.6 m, the middle part of the rice field is a rice planting area, each breeding ditch is annular and surrounds the rice planting area, an inner ridge is constructed between each breeding ditch and each rice planting area, the inner ridge is 0.2-0.3 m higher than the water surface, an outer ridge is constructed on the outer edge of each breeding ditch, the height of each outer ridge is 0.3-0.5 m, loaches are prevented from escaping, cement pipes are embedded at the bottoms of the inner ridges every 6-9 m, the diameter of each cement pipe is 0.2-0.3 m, and valves are mounted at the end parts of the cement pipes so that the breeding ditches are communicated with the rice planting areas;
s2, paving impermeable membranes on the inner walls and the bottoms of the culture ditches, wherein the impermeable membranes are buried in soil for 0.3 m, and preferably, the impermeable membranes are nylon membranes or PEP membranes;
s3, exposing the dry pond of the culture ditch for 8-10 days, filling the culture ditch with 35-45kg of quicklime and water per mu, and disinfecting the culture ditch;
s4, fertilizing and fattening in the rice planting area, injecting water into the culture ditch by adopting organic manure with the dosage of 110 plus 130kg per mu, and planting water plants and algae to improve water quality and provide a healthy living and inhabiting environment for the loaches;
s5, planting rice: sowing in the middle ten days of April to the beginning of May, transplanting rice in the middle ten days of May, selecting the planted rice with short stalks, high fertility resistance, high lodging resistance and high disease resistance, and transplanting rice by hand or transplanting rice by a transplanter, wherein the row spacing is 0.2 meters multiplied by 0.3 meters;
s6, putting young loaches into the culture ditch in the middle ten days of May, wherein the size of the young loaches is 4cm, the young loaches are strong and have no obvious trauma, 8000-11000 fishes are put into each mu, the young loaches are temporarily cultured in the culture ditch, and a cement pipe valve is kept in a closed state, so that the young loaches are prevented from entering a rice planting area to injure rice seedlings;
s7, opening a valve on the cement pipe 12-15 days after rice transplanting, and keeping the water depth of the rice planting area at 5-10cm, so that loaches in the cultivation ditch can conveniently enter the rice planting area through the cement pipe;
s8, additionally applying fertilizer to the rice planting area every 25-30 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount per mu is 18-22kg,
s9, feeding the artificial compound feed for the loaches once a day into the culture ditches, wherein the weight of the loaches is 1% in the early stage, 1.5% in the middle stage and 2% in the later stage.
And S10, harvesting the mature rice, and fishing and harvesting the mature loaches when the loach body length reaches 15-20 cm.
Example 3
An ecological breeding method for rice and loaches comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating breeding ditches along the periphery of the rice field for breeding loaches, wherein the width of each breeding ditch is 1.5 meters, the depth of each breeding ditch is 0.5 meter, the middle of the rice field is a rice planting area, each breeding ditch is annular and surrounds the rice planting area, an inner ridge is constructed between each breeding ditch and each rice planting area, the inner ridge is 0.3 meter higher than the water surface, an outer ridge is constructed at the outer edge of each breeding ditch, the height of each outer ridge is 0.5 meter, the loaches are prevented from escaping, cement pipes are embedded at the bottom of each inner ridge every 8 meters, the diameter of each cement pipe is 0.2 meter, and valves are mounted at the end parts of the cement pipes to enable the breeding ditches to be communicated with the rice planting areas;
s2, paving impermeable membranes on the inner walls and the bottoms of the culture ditches, wherein the impermeable membranes are buried in soil for 0.3 m, and preferably, the impermeable membranes are nylon membranes or PEP membranes;
s3, exposing the dry pond of the culture ditch for 8-10 days, filling the culture ditch with 40kg of quicklime and water per mu, and disinfecting the culture ditch;
s4, fertilizing and fattening in the rice planting area, injecting water into the culture ditch by adopting organic manure with the dosage of 120kg per mu, and planting float grass and algae to improve water quality and provide a healthy living and inhabiting environment for the loaches;
s5, planting rice: sowing in the middle ten days of April to the beginning of May, transplanting rice in the middle ten days of May, selecting the planted rice with short stalks, high fertility resistance, high lodging resistance and high disease resistance, and transplanting rice by hand or transplanting rice by a transplanter, wherein the row spacing is 0.3 meters multiplied by 0.35 meters;
s6, putting young loaches into the culture ditch in the middle ten days of May, wherein the size of the young loaches is 4cm, the loach is strong and has no obvious injury, 9000 loach seedlings are put into each mu, the young loaches are temporarily cultured in the culture ditch, and the cement pipe valve is kept in a closed state, so that the young loaches are prevented from entering the rice planting area to injure rice seedlings;
s7, opening a valve on the cement pipe after 15 days of rice transplanting, and keeping the water depth of the rice planting area at 8cm, so that loaches in the cultivation ditch can conveniently enter the rice planting area through the cement pipe;
s8, additionally applying fertilizer to the rice planting area every 25-30 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount per mu is 18-22kg,
s9, feeding the artificial compound feed for the loaches once a day into the culture ditches, wherein the weight of the loaches is 1% in the early stage, 1.5% in the middle stage and 2% in the later stage.
And S10, harvesting the mature rice, and fishing and harvesting the mature loaches when the loach body length reaches 15-20 cm.
Example 4
An ecological breeding method for rice and loaches comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating breeding ditches along the periphery of the rice field for breeding loaches, wherein the width of each breeding ditch is 1.4 meters, the depth of each breeding ditch is 0.4 meter, the middle of the rice field is a rice planting area, each breeding ditch is annular and surrounds the rice planting area, an inner ridge is constructed between each breeding ditch and each rice planting area, the inner ridge is 0.3 meter higher than the water surface, an outer ridge is constructed at the outer edge of each breeding ditch, the height of each outer ridge is 0.5 meter, the loaches are prevented from escaping, cement pipes are embedded at the bottom of each inner ridge every 8 meters, the diameter of each cement pipe is 0.2 meter, and valves are mounted at the end parts of the cement pipes to enable the breeding ditches to be communicated with the rice planting areas;
s2, paving impermeable membranes on the inner wall and the bottom of the culture ditch, wherein the impermeable membranes are buried in soil for 0.4 m, and preferably, the impermeable membranes are nylon membranes or PEP membranes;
s3, exposing the dry pond of the culture ditch for 9 days, filling the culture ditch with 40kg of quicklime and water per mu, and disinfecting the culture ditch;
s4, fertilizing and fattening in the rice planting area, injecting water into the culture ditch by adopting organic manure with the dosage of 115kg per mu, and planting water plants and algae to improve water quality and provide a healthy living and inhabiting environment for the loaches;
s5, planting rice: sowing in the middle ten days of April to the beginning of May, transplanting rice in the middle ten days of May, selecting the planted rice with short stalks, high fertility resistance, high lodging resistance and high disease resistance, and transplanting rice by hand or transplanting rice by a transplanter, wherein the row spacing is 0.3 meters multiplied by 0.35 meters;
s6, putting loach seedlings into the culture ditch in the middle ten days of May, wherein the loach seedlings are 4cm in size, strong in physique and free of obvious trauma, putting 10000 loach seedlings per mu, temporarily culturing the loach seedlings in the culture ditch, keeping a cement pipe valve in a closed state, and preventing the loach seedlings from entering a rice planting area to damage rice seedlings;
s7, opening a valve on the cement pipe after 15 days of rice transplanting, and keeping the water depth of the rice planting area at 6cm, so that loaches in the cultivation ditch can conveniently enter the rice planting area through the cement pipe;
s8, additionally applying fertilizer to the rice planting area every 28 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount per mu is 22kg,
s9, feeding the artificial compound feed for the loaches once a day into the culture ditches, wherein the weight of the loaches is 1% in the early stage, 1.5% in the middle stage and 2% in the later stage.
And S10, harvesting the mature rice, and fishing and harvesting the mature loaches when the loach body length reaches 15-20 cm.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. But all changes which come within the scope of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. An ecological breeding method for rice and loaches is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, excavating breeding ditches along the periphery of the rice field for breeding loaches, constructing an inner ridge between the breeding ditches and the rice planting area, wherein the inner ridge is 0.2-0.3 m higher than the water surface, constructing an outer ridge at the outer edge of the breeding ditches, the height of the outer ridge is 0.3-0.5 m, preventing the loaches from escaping, and embedding cement pipes at intervals of 5-10 m at the bottom of the inner ridge to communicate the breeding ditches with the rice planting area;
s2, paving impermeable membranes on the inner wall and the bottom of the culture ditch;
s3, exposing the dry pond of the culture ditch for 8-10 days, filling the culture ditch with 30-50kg of quicklime and water per mu, and disinfecting the culture ditch;
s4, fertilizing and fattening in the rice planting area, injecting water into the culture ditch, and planting aquatic weeds and algae;
s5, planting rice: planting rice: sowing in the middle of April to the beginning of May, and transplanting rice seedlings in the middle of May;
s6, putting loach seedlings into the culture ditch in the middle ten days of May, wherein the loach seedlings are 4-6cm in size, putting 6000-12000 loach seedlings per mu, temporarily culturing the loach seedlings in the culture ditch, and keeping a cement pipe valve in a closed state;
s7, opening a valve on the cement pipe after 10-15 days of rice transplanting, and keeping the water depth of the rice planting area at 5-10cm, so that loaches in the cultivation ditch can conveniently enter the rice planting area through the cement pipe;
s8, additionally applying fertilizer to the rice planting area every 25-30 days, wherein the fertilizer application amount per mu is 15-25 kg;
s9, feeding the artificial compound feed for the loaches into the culture ditches once a day, wherein the weight of the loaches is 1% in the early stage, 1.5% in the middle stage and 2% in the later stage;
and S10, harvesting the mature rice, and fishing and harvesting the mature loaches when the loach body length reaches 15-20 cm.
2. The ecological rice and loach planting and breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the width of the cultivation ditch is 1-2 meters and the depth is 0.3-0.6 meters, the middle part of the rice field is a rice planting area, and the cultivation ditch is annular and surrounds the rice planting area.
3. The ecological rice and loach planting and breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the diameter of the cement pipe is 0.2-0.3 m, and a valve is installed at the end of the cement pipe.
4. The ecological planting and breeding method for rice and loach as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the fertilizer is organic manure with an amount of 100 kg per mu.
5. The ecological planting and breeding method for rice and loach as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the row spacing of the planted rice plants is 0.2 m x 0.3 m.
6. The ecological planting and breeding method for the rice and the loaches according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the loach seedlings are 4-6cm in size, and 9000 loach seedlings are thrown per mu.
7. The ecological planting and breeding method for rice and loach as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the impermeable membrane is buried in the soil for 0.2-0.4 m.
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Application publication date: 20210528 |