CN112753891A - Novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fry and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fry and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112753891A
CN112753891A CN202110070311.5A CN202110070311A CN112753891A CN 112753891 A CN112753891 A CN 112753891A CN 202110070311 A CN202110070311 A CN 202110070311A CN 112753891 A CN112753891 A CN 112753891A
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fermentation
hybrid
raw fish
feed
fermented feed
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刘兴旺
黄燕华
李国立
王国霞
陈桂琼
胡俊茹
徐田田
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Guangzhou Fishtech Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic compound feeds, and particularly relates to a novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fries and a preparation method thereof. The novel fermented feed for the hybrid raw fish fry comprises a fermentation raw material and a fermentation microbial inoculum, wherein the fermentation raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28-50% of hermetia illucens, 30-46% of soybean protein isolate, 5-15% of casein, 7-30% of egg powder, and the fermentation microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-85% of dextrose monohydrate, 1-30% of enterococcus faecalis, 5-15% of bacillus subtilis, 1-10% of saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum to the fermentation raw material is 4-10: 100. The method can effectively improve the ingestion of the hybrid raw fish fry, improve the immunity level of the hybrid raw fish fry, and obviously reduce the death rate of the hybrid raw fish in the thickening process of the pond; the raw materials are easy to obtain, the preparation is simple, and the cost is lower; the feed can be sprayed in water body for feeding, and can also be mixed with other feeds for feeding, and the use is simple and convenient; green and environment-friendly, does not use non-renewable resources such as fish meal and the like, and conforms to the concept of sustainable development.

Description

Novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fry and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic compound feeds, and particularly relates to a novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fries and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hybridized raw fish is also called hybridized snakehead, and is a hybridized variety obtained by hybridizing the male parent of snakehead and the female parent of snakehead. The snakeheads and the channa maculata are taken as supplements and are called as the fischery fishes in China, which always have the dietary preference of snakehead fishes. The hybridized snakehead fish produced by hybridizing the snakehead and the snakehead fish has the advantages of high growth speed, strong disease resistance, easy ingestion of artificial compound feed and the like, and is very suitable for high-density culture. At present, areas such as Shunde, Zhongshan and the like in Guangdong are main production areas of hybrid raw fish, the fish can be cultivated in the same year for more than 3 jin, and the yield per mu can reach 1-2 jin. Therefore, the cultivation prospect of the hybrid raw fish is very wide and is popular with farmers.
However, insufficient supply of hybrid raw fish fries is an important problem limiting the development of the industry. According to statistics, after the hybrid raw fish fry is hatched, the survival rate of the fish fry in the marking coarse process is very low, the general survival rate in the industry is only 10-30%, and even the fish fry in the marking coarse process completely covers the fish fry. This is primarily influenced by fluctuations in the natural biological feed in the pond. In the course of the fish-blossom marking, the fry is fed on the one hand by plankton in the water body, such as cladocera and rabdosia (Guangdong commonly called as water spider). However, under the influence of weather or water fluctuation, the water spider in the pond is very unstable, which leads to the rough survival rate of the raw fish fry. Furthermore, natural biological feeds do not provide the best effect on live fish fry, and on the other hand, affect the ultimate survival rate of the fry.
Therefore, the development of the starter feed which meets the nutritional and physiological requirements of the hybrid raw fish in the flower marking and thickening stage and can improve the survival rate of the fry marking and thickening process is of great significance to the large-scale cultivation and healthy development of the hybrid raw fish.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, aims to solve the problem that the survival rate is low because the fry of the hybrid raw fish depends on natural bait, and provides a novel fermented feed and a production method thereof.
The purpose of the invention and the technical problem to be solved are realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fries comprises a fermentation raw material and a fermentation microbial inoculum, wherein the fermentation raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28-50% of hermetia illucens, 30-46% of soybean protein isolate, 5-15% of casein and 7-30% of egg powder, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum comprises dextrose monohydrate, enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum to the fermentation raw materials is 4-10: 100.
As a further improvement to the scheme, the fermentation raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of hermetia illucens, 35% of soybean protein isolate, 5% of casein and 10% of egg powder.
As a further improvement to the above scheme, the hermetia illucens in the fermentation raw materials are hermetia illucens fresh insects harvested 6-8 days after the kitchen waste is cultured; the egg powder is whole egg powder obtained by removing shell of egg and spray drying.
As a further improvement on the scheme, the fermentation inoculant comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50-85% of dextrose monohydrate;
1-30% of enterococcus faecalis;
5-15% of bacillus subtilis;
1-10% of saccharomyces cerevisiae.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the novel fermented feed for the hybrid raw fish fries, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: uniformly mixing the hermetia illucens, the soybean protein isolate, the casein and the egg powder according to the mass percentage, then adding purified water, grinding in a colloid mill, and screening by a screen;
step 2: adding the materials passing through the colloid mill into a fermentation inoculant;
and step 3: packaging the materials added with the zymophyte agent by using a breathing bag, and sealing;
and 4, step 4: fermenting at 25-40 deg.C for 10-15 days to obtain the new fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fry.
By the technical scheme, the feeding of the young and young hybrid raw fish fries can be effectively improved, the immunity level of the young and young hybrid raw fish fries is improved, the death rate of the hybrid raw fish in the thickening process of a pond is obviously reduced, and the method has the following advantages:
1. the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the preparation method is simple, and the cost is lower;
2. the feed can be sprayed in water body for feeding, and can also be mixed with other artificial compound feed for feeding, so that the use is simple and convenient;
3. the method is green and environment-friendly, does not use non-renewable resources such as fish meal and the like, is environment-friendly, and accords with the concept of sustainable development.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples and test examples for verifying the effects, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Taking 50kg of hermetia illucens (50 wt%), 35kg of soybean protein isolate (35 wt%), 5kg of casein (5 wt%), 10kg of egg powder (10 wt%), mixing uniformly, adding purified water, and grinding in a colloid mill to ensure that all materials pass through a 200-mesh screen. 6.5kg of fermentation inoculum is added into the materials, and the fermentation inoculum comprises the following components: 60 wt% of dextrose monohydrate; enterococcus faecalis, 20 wt%; 10 wt% of bacillus subtilis; 10 wt% of saccharomyces cerevisiae. The product added with the zymophyte agent is subpackaged by using a breathing bag of 5kg, and is sealed by a sealing machine. Then the fish is transferred into a room with the temperature set to 37 ℃ for fermentation, and the novel fermented feed for the hybrid raw fish fries is obtained after 10 days of fermentation.
The test group is fed with 2 ponds with 3 mouths and 3 mu of raw fish with thick mark, and the control group is fed with 2 mouths and 3 mu of ponds. The bait of the control group is mainly prepared by using a water fertilizing product to cultivate the water spider in water according to the traditional standard seedling mode. The same batch of black sesame fries incubated in the current year were added to each standard coarse pond (day 8 after incubation). After the test was carried out for 17 days, fry of raw fish in 4-mouth ponds were collected and their specifications were measured. The test results are as follows:
feed group Average body length at end mm The survival rate is high
Control group 1 36.5 15.6
Control group 2 37.5 13.3
Test group 1 39.6 36.6
Test group 2 40.5 40.1
The test results show that the novel fermented feed provided by the invention can obviously promote the growth of the hybrid raw fish black sesame and improve the average body length at the end. Meanwhile, the survival rate of the hybrid raw fish is obviously improved.
Example 2
Materials with corresponding mass are taken according to the proportion of 40kg of hermetia illucens (40 wt%), 30kg of soybean protein isolate (30 wt%), 15kg of casein (15 wt%) and 15kg of egg powder (15 wt%), and after the materials are uniformly mixed, purified water is added into the materials and the materials are ground in a colloid mill, so that all the materials are ensured to pass through a 200-mesh screen. 4kg of fermentation inoculum was added to the above materials. The fermentation inoculum comprises the following components: dextrose monohydrate, 70 wt%; enterococcus faecalis, 10 wt%; bacillus subtilis, 15 wt%; 5 wt% of saccharomyces cerevisiae. The product added with the zymophyte agent is subpackaged by using 10kg breathing bags and sealed by a sealing machine. Then the fish is transferred into a room with the temperature set to 35 ℃ for fermentation for 15 days to obtain the novel fermented feed for the hybrid raw fish fries.
The fermented feed is detected, and the detected indexes are as follows:
moisture content Crude fat Crude protein Acid soluble protein Protein solubility%
70.1 0.6 15.3 4.3 60.4
The seedling raising field is 4 ponds with about 4 mu in total. The test group was fed with 2 pools of raw fish with thick labels, and the control group was fed with 2 pools. The bait of the control group is mainly prepared by using a water fertilizing product to cultivate the water spider in water according to the traditional standard seedling mode. The cultivation starts from 9 months and 10 days, seedlings emerge from 9 months and 25 days,
the emergence size was about 3.5 cm. The survival rate of the hybridized raw fish in the 4 ponds is calculated as shown in the table.
Group of Test group 1 Test group 2 Control group 1 Control group 2
The survival rate is high 33.4 38.2 15.8 12.8
The test result shows that the novel fermented feed of the invention not only can provide rich nutrients for the hybrid raw fish, but also can effectively improve the survival rate of the hybrid raw fish under the ecological seedling raising condition, thereby improving the seedling number.
Example 3
Taking 50kg of hermetia illucens (50 wt%), 35kg of soybean protein isolate (35 wt%), 5kg of casein (5 wt%), 10kg of egg powder (10 wt%), mixing uniformly, adding purified water, and grinding in a colloid mill to ensure that all materials pass through a 200-mesh screen. 6.5kg of fermentation inoculum is added into the materials, and the fermentation inoculum comprises the following components: 60 wt% of dextrose monohydrate; enterococcus faecalis, 20 wt%; 10 wt% of bacillus subtilis; 10 wt% of saccharomyces cerevisiae. The product added with the zymophyte agent is subpackaged by using a breathing bag of 5kg, and is sealed by a sealing machine. Then the fish is transferred into a room with the temperature set to 37 ℃ for fermentation, and the novel fermented feed for the hybrid raw fish fries is obtained after 10 days of fermentation.
Preparation of the required baits for control 1: taking 50kg of hermetia illucens (50 wt%), 35kg of soybean protein isolate (35 wt%), 5kg of casein (5 wt%) and 10kg of egg powder (10 wt%), uniformly mixing, adding purified water, grinding in a colloid mill, adding 6.5kg of fermentation inoculum into the materials, and ensuring that all the materials pass through a 200-mesh screen. The fermentation inoculum comprises the following components: 60 wt% of dextrose monohydrate; enterococcus faecalis, 20 wt%; 10 wt% of bacillus subtilis; 10 wt% of saccharomyces cerevisiae. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is directly fed with health-preserving fry without fermentation.
The bait of the control group 2 is mainly used for cultivating the water spider in water by using a water fertilizing product and water fertilizing according to the traditional standard seedling mode.
The test group is fed with 2 ponds with 3 mouths and 3 mu thick raw fish, the control groups 1 and 2 are respectively fed with 2 ponds with 3 mouths and fed with the same batch of black sesame fry incubated in the same year (8 days after incubation), and the raw fish fry in 4 ponds are collected and the specification of the raw fish fry is measured after 20 days of the test. The test results are as follows:
feed group Average body length at end mm The survival rate is high
Test group a 40.4 41.2
Test group b 39.3 38.5
Control group 1a 38.6 27.8
Control group 1b 37.2 26.5
Control group 2a 33.7 16.9
Control group 2b 35.9 17.2
The experimental result shows that the feeding of the unfermented feed can slightly promote the growth of the black sesame of the hybrid raw fish and improve the average body length at the end, but the difference with the experimental result of the feeding of the novel fermented feed is still large.
Example 4
Taking materials with corresponding mass according to the proportion of 50kg (50 wt%) of hermetia illucens, 35kg (35 wt%) of soybean protein isolate, 8kg (8 wt%) of casein and 7kg (7 wt%) of egg powder, uniformly mixing, adding purified water, and grinding in a colloid mill to ensure that all the materials pass through a 200-mesh screen. 10kg of fermentation inoculum was added to the above materials. The fermentation inoculum comprises the following components: glucose monohydrate, 85 wt%; enterococcus faecalis, 5 wt%; 5 wt% of bacillus subtilis; 5 wt% of saccharomyces cerevisiae. The product added with the zymophyte agent is subpackaged by using a breathing bag of 5kg and sealed by a sealing machine. Then the fish is transferred into a room with the temperature set to be 34 ℃ for fermentation, and the novel fermented feed for the hybrid raw fish fries is obtained after 15 days of fermentation.
Preparing the feed required by a control group: taking materials with corresponding mass according to the proportion of 50kg (50 wt%) of hermetia illucens, 35kg (35 wt%) of soybean protein isolate, 8kg (8 wt%) of casein and 7kg (7 wt%) of egg powder, uniformly mixing, adding purified water, grinding in a colloid mill, adding 10kg of zymophyte agent into the materials, and ensuring that all the materials pass through a 200-mesh screen. The fermentation inoculum comprises the following components: glucose monohydrate, 85 wt%; enterococcus faecalis, 5 wt%; 5 wt% of bacillus subtilis; 5 wt% of saccharomyces cerevisiae. After being mixed evenly, the mixture is directly fed with health-preserving fry without fermentation.
The black sesame seeds of the hybrid raw fish with the initial body length of about 11mm are cultured in 3 1000L glass fiber reinforced plastic water tanks for 20 days, and the initial bait for the young seawater fish is fed to the market. In addition, 3 same water tanks are used for feeding initial baits of the seawater fish larvae: the fermented feed is mixed feed with the ratio of 7: 3. And 3 same water tanks are used for feeding initial baits of the seawater fish larvae: the control group did not ferment the mixed feed of the ratio of 7: 3.
1000 black sesame seeds of the hybrid fish are kept in each water tank. After 20 days of cultivation, the average body length and survival rate of each treatment group are counted. Meanwhile, fry (frozen and preserved after being pulped) of dead fishes infected with the raw fish rhabdovirus virus are selected as a poison attacking source and fed to the hybrid raw fishes in 9 aquariums for 2 days. The cumulative mortality rate per aquarium was observed 15 days thereafter. The results are as follows:
20 balance with average body length of mm Survival rate after 20 days% Mortality after drug attack%
Control group 1 45 23 37
Control group 2 47 27 35
Test group 53 36 22
According to the research results, the mixed feeding of the fermented feed can obviously promote the growth of the fry of the hybrid raw fish and improve the survival rate of the rough fish. When the fermented feed is mixed and fed in a virus counteracting state, the death rate of the hybrid raw fish fry can be obviously reduced, and the resistance of the raw fish fry under the virus infection condition is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fries is characterized by comprising a fermentation raw material and a zymophyte agent;
the fermentation raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
28 to 50 percent of hermetia illucens,
30 to 46 percent of soybean protein isolate,
5-15% of casein,
7 to 30 percent of egg powder,
the fermentation inoculum comprises dextrose monohydrate, enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis and saccharomyces cerevisiae;
the weight ratio of the fermentation inoculum to the fermentation raw material is 4-10: 100.
2. The feed according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of hermetia illucens, 35% of soybean protein isolate, 5% of casein and 10% of egg powder.
3. The feed of claim 1, wherein the hermetia illucens in the fermentation raw materials are hermetia illucens harvested 6-8 days after the kitchen waste is cultivated; the egg powder is whole egg powder obtained by removing shell of egg and spray drying.
4. The feed according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation inoculant comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
50 to 85 percent of dextrose monohydrate,
1 to 30 percent of enterococcus faecalis,
5 to 15 percent of bacillus subtilis,
1-10% of saccharomyces cerevisiae.
5. A method for preparing a novel fermented feed for hybrid sashimi as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step 1: uniformly mixing the hermetia illucens, the soybean protein isolate, the casein and the egg powder according to the mass percentage, then adding purified water, grinding in a colloid mill, and screening by a screen;
step 2: adding the materials passing through the colloid mill into a fermentation inoculant;
and step 3: packaging the materials added with the zymophyte agent by using a breathing bag, and sealing;
and 4, step 4: fermenting at 25-40 deg.C for 10-15 days to obtain the new fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fry.
CN202110070311.5A 2021-01-19 2021-01-19 Novel fermented feed for hybrid raw fish fry and preparation method thereof Pending CN112753891A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108669358A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-10-19 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 A kind of improvement health, the somatotrophic compound feed for snakehead fish of powder containing worm
CN109329136A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-02-15 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 It is a kind of for preventing and treating the probiotics fermention mixture and its Ecological preventive way of the rotten body disease of pond culture hybridized snakehead fish
CN110037165A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-23 安徽黄河水处理科技股份有限公司 A kind of Heisui River gadfly slurry solid state fermentation concentrated feed and preparation method
CN110150458A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-08-23 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 A method of forage protein is prepared using microbial fermentation black soldier flies larva
CN110179015A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-08-30 广州同心源生物科技有限公司 A kind of high-survival rate fermented shrimp material and preparation method thereof
CN110643523A (en) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-03 无锡三智生物科技有限公司 Formula and preparation method of fermentation microbial inoculum for fermented feed
CN112136964A (en) * 2020-09-07 2020-12-29 湖南启农生物科技有限公司 High-protein high-fat biological feed raw material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108669358A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-10-19 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 A kind of improvement health, the somatotrophic compound feed for snakehead fish of powder containing worm
CN110643523A (en) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-03 无锡三智生物科技有限公司 Formula and preparation method of fermentation microbial inoculum for fermented feed
CN109329136A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-02-15 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 It is a kind of for preventing and treating the probiotics fermention mixture and its Ecological preventive way of the rotten body disease of pond culture hybridized snakehead fish
CN110037165A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-23 安徽黄河水处理科技股份有限公司 A kind of Heisui River gadfly slurry solid state fermentation concentrated feed and preparation method
CN110150458A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-08-23 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 A method of forage protein is prepared using microbial fermentation black soldier flies larva
CN110179015A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-08-30 广州同心源生物科技有限公司 A kind of high-survival rate fermented shrimp material and preparation method thereof
CN112136964A (en) * 2020-09-07 2020-12-29 湖南启农生物科技有限公司 High-protein high-fat biological feed raw material

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