CN112741029A

CN112741029A - Method for hybridizing sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian carp

Info

Publication number: CN112741029A
Application number: CN202110154107.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王晓爱; 张源伟; 潘晓赋; 杨君兴
Original assignee: Kunming Institute of Zoology of CAS
Current assignee: Kunming Institute of Zoology of CAS
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-04
Publication date: 2021-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-04
Also published as: CN112741029B

Abstract

The invention provides a method for hybridizing sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian carp, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture; the method comprises parent fish cultivation, artificial insemination, fish egg incubation and fry rearing, environmental parameters and feed types of parent fish cultivation are strictly controlled, good survival conditions are simulated for male sinocyclocheilus grahami and female crucian, the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female sinocyclocheilus grahami can adapt to the artificial cultivation environment quickly, natural spawning and spawning under the artificial environment are realized by using an oxytocic, ovum sperms with good quality and quantity are provided for artificial hybridization, key parameters (including incubation water level, water temperature, water flow speed, pH value, dissolved oxygen, germ cell disinfection and the like) during incubation are limited, and suitable environmental conditions are provided for smooth incubation of germ cells. The method cultivates a new hybrid variety which has high meat yield, good taste, high meat quality and is convenient for large-scale cultivation for a large fresh water aquatic product market.

Description

Method for hybridizing sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian carp

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for hybridizing sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian.

Background

Sinocyclocheilus grahami belongs to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Sinocyclocheilus subfamily and Sinocyclocheilus, also known as Anemorrhinus. The sinocyclocheilus grahami has the characteristics of tender meat and delicious taste, has the effects of nourishing yin, regulating vitality, warming kidney and replenishing essence, and has the value recorded in the Damingyizhi, which is famous for a long time. Therefore, sinocyclocheilus grahami is listed as "four-great-name fish in Yunnan" together with the large carp, the large bow fish and the anti-wave fish, and is highly on the leaderboard. The sinocyclocheilus grahami is rich in DHA, the content of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is 7 times of that of grass carp, and the content of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is 2.4 times of that of carp, and the sinocyclocheilus grahami is the highest DHA content in freshwater fish. Crucian is a common aquaculture fish, and is widely cultured in various water bodies due to high adaptability to the environment, but the meat yield and the fish quality such as taste, DHA and EPA content of the crucian are inferior to that of sinocyclocheilus grahami, and the growth speed and the tolerance to the environment of the sinocyclocheilus grahami are inferior to that of the crucian.

Hybridization is an effective method for preventing variety degeneration and creating good varieties, and is divided into related hybridization and distant hybridization. The genetic hybridization refers to the hybridization among individuals of different strains and varieties in the same species; distant hybridization, which refers to a cross between two species that are related to each other, is a group of two or more species that can combine the genomes of different species together, resulting in significant phenotypic and genotypic changes in the progeny of the cross.

In 2018, 102 new species of national-grade fishes developed by genetic breeding technology in China are approved, wherein 46 hybrid species account for 45% of the total number. Most of the 46 new species of hybrid fish are inbreeding, interspecific distant hybridization mainly occurs in crucian, carp, snakehead and mandarin, cross-genus distant hybridization has carp crucian hybridization and bream and culter hybridization, cross-subfamily distant hybridization is rare, and only 1 species of bream and catfish hybrid fish is intercrossed between culter subfamily and catfish subfamily. At present, no research report is reported on crossbreeding of the sinocyclocheilus subfamily (sinocyclocheilus) and the carpinium subfamily (crucian) which are relatively distant from the genetic relationship.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for hybridizing sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian, and a new hybrid variety which is high in meat yield, good in taste, high in meat quality and convenient for large-scale cultivation is cultivated for a large fresh water aquaculture market.

The invention provides a method for hybridizing sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) placing the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian female fish in a culture pond respectively and independently carrying out parent fish culture;

the environmental conditions for parent fish culture of sinocyclocheilus grahami comprise: the water temperature is 12-23 ℃, the flow velocity of water flow is 5-20 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen of water is 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 6.5-9.0;

the environmental parameters for parent fish culture of the female crucian are as follows: 1/6-1/4 water surface is shaded by a shading net, the illumination period is 9-14 h, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the flow velocity of water flow is 5-20 cm/s, the water quality transparency is 20-50 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 4.5-12.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.5-8.5;

feeding sinking feed twice every day during parent fish culture of the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female crucian, wherein the feeding amount is added according to the proportion that the bait coefficient is 2-3 percent each time;

the sinking feed comprises the following components: a first powdered feed, vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, a multi-vitamin element and water; the mass ratio of the first powdery feed, the vitamin A, the vitamin D3 calcium, the multi-vitamin elements and the water is (250-280): (5-7): (10-20): (8-20): 150; the first powdery feed contains crude protein and crude fat, the mass concentration of the crude protein in the first powdery feed is 30-41%, and the mass concentration of the crude fat in the first powdery feed is 7-8%;

2) collecting sperms of male parent fish of sinocyclocheilus grahami with mature gonad development and ova of parent fish of female crucian carps, and performing artificial insemination to obtain an sperm-egg mixture;

3) after the sperm-egg mixture is washed by normal saline, the washed sperm-egg mixture is splashed on a fishing net, and the fishing net adhered with the sperm-egg mixture is incubated in an incubation pool to hatch fish fries; the osmotic pressure of the normal saline is 280-320 mOsm/L; the temperature of the normal saline is 18-22 ℃;

the incubation conditions include: the water level is 1.0m, the sperm-egg mixture is 5-10 cm below the water surface, a sunshade net is used for shading, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the pH value of the water is 7.5-8.5, the dissolved oxygen of the water is 7.0-10.0 mg/L, and the time is 6-8 d; during the hatching period, the fishing net attached with the sperm-egg mixture is sterilized in methylene blue solution every day for 3 days.

Preferably, the environmental parameter of the parent fish culture of the sinocyclocheilus grahami carries out rhythmicity regulation:

in 12-3 months of the next year, the water temperature is 12-15 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 5-20 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.0-10.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 6.5-9.0;

in 4-7 months, the water temperature is 15-22 ℃, the flow velocity of water flow is 5-15 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen of water is 4.0-9.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.2-7.8;

in 8-11 months, the water temperature is 16-23 ℃, the flow velocity of water flow is 5-15 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen of water is 5.0-8.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.0-7.6.

Preferably, the environmental parameters of parent fish culture of the crucian female fish are subjected to rhythmicity regulation:

sun shading is carried out on one fifth of the water surface in 3 months in 11 months to the next year by using a sun shading net, the illumination period is 9 to 12 hours, the water temperature is 18 to 25 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 5 to 20cm/s, the water transparency is 40 to 50cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 4.5 to 10.0mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.5 to 8.5;

sun shading is carried out on one fifth of the water surface within 4-7 months by using a sun shading net, the illumination period is 9-14 hours, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the flow velocity of water flow is 10-20 cm/s, the water quality transparency is 20-50 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 8.0-8.5 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.0-7.2;

sun shading is carried out on one fifth of the water surface for 8-10 months by using a sun shading net, the illumination period is 10-12 hours, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the flow velocity of water flow is 10-20 cm/s, the water quality transparency is 20-50 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 7.0-9.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 6.8-7.2.

Preferably, during the period of culturing the parent fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the parent fish of the crucian carp, the feeding condition is used for rhythmicity regulation:

feeding bait SGF1 in 12-3 months of the next year; the bait SGF1 comprises the following components: a second powdery feed, macrobrachium rosenbergii, vitamin D3 calcium, multi-vitamin elements and water; the mass ratio of the second powdery feed, the macrobrachium rosenbergii, the vitamin D3 calcium, the multi-vitamin elements and the water is 250: 20: 10: 8: 150; the mass concentration of the crude protein in the second powdery feed is 35%, and the mass concentration of the crude fat in the second powdery feed is 7%;

feeding a bait SGF2 in 4-7 months, wherein the bait SGF2 comprises the following components: a third powdery feed, vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, multi-vitamin elements and water; the mass ratio of the third powdery feed, the vitamin A, the vitamin D3 calcium, the multi-vitamin elements and the water is 280: 5: 20: 10: 150; the mass concentration of the crude protein in the third powdery feed is 41 percent, and the mass concentration of the crude fat in the third powdery feed is 7 percent;

feeding a bait SGF3 in 8-11 months, wherein the bait SGF3 comprises the following components: a fourth powdery feed comprising vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, vitamin C and water; the fourth powdery feed comprises the following components in a mass ratio of vitamin A to vitamin D3 calcium to vitamin C to water of 250: 7: 20: 20: 300, respectively; the mass concentration of the crude protein in the fourth powdered feed is 41%, and the mass concentration of the crude fat in the fourth powdered feed is 7%.

Preferably, during artificial insemination, the ratio of the number of ova of female crucian carps to the number of sperms of male sinocyclocheilus grahami is (1-20): (1-10) × 10⁵。

Preferably, after the fry is hatched in the step 3), the hatched fry is further raised to obtain hybrid of the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female crucian.

Preferably, the feeding comprises feeding the feed, and the initial time of feeding the feed is 4 days after the membrane rupture of the fry.

Preferably, the feed is adjusted according to different growth periods of the fry, and the adjusting method comprises the following steps:

feeding the paste bait SCF1 on the 1 st to 10 th days of feeding, wherein the feeding is carried out for 3 times every day, and the feeding amount is 10 to 20mL/m²(ii) a The paste bait SCF1 comprises the following components: cooking yolk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, multi-vitamin elements and water; the mass ratio of the cooked egg yolk to the macrobrachium rosenbergii to the multi-vitamin elements to the water is 300: 20: 10: 750;

feeding the bait SCF2 and the rotifers on 11 th to 20 th days, feeding for 3 times every day, wherein the feeding amount of each feeding rotifer is 200 ten thousand per m²The feeding amount of the bait SCF2 is 8-10 g/m²(ii) a The bait SCF2 comprises the following components: cookingCooked egg yolk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin elements and water; the mass ratio of the cooked egg yolk to the macrobrachium rosenbergii to the freshly ground soybean milk to the multi-vitamin elements to the water is 250: 20: 250: 10: 750;

feeding the bait SCF3 on 21 st to 60 th days, wherein the feeding is carried out for 2 times every day, and the feeding amount is 10-12 g/m²The bait SCF3 comprises the following components: the fresh ground soybean milk, the shrimps, the fifth powdery feed, the vitamin A, the multi-vitamin elements and the water; the mass ratio of the freshly ground soybean milk to the shrimp to the fifth powdery feed to the vitamin A to the multi-vitamin water is 250: 10: 250: 10: 10: 750; the fifth powdered feed contains crude protein and crude fat; the mass concentration of the crude protein in the fifth powdery feed is 35 percent; the mass concentration of the coarse fat of the fifth powdery feed is 15 percent;

feeding sinking bait after 60 days, wherein the feeding amount is added according to the amount of 3-5% of the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is finished within 10-20 min each time; the particle size of the sinking bait is 0.5-0.8 mm.

Preferably, the EM bacteria is used for 0.5-1.0 ml/m every day during the fry rearing period²Is added to the water body to regulate the water quality.

The invention provides a method for hybridizing male sinocyclocheilus grahami and female crucian, which comprises three stages of parent fish culture, artificial insemination and artificial incubation, wherein when parent fish is cultured, the parent sinocyclocheilus grahami and the parent fish of the female crucian are separately cultured in a culture pond, environmental parameters in the culture process and the type of artificial sinking feed for feeding are strictly controlled, good living conditions are simulated for the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female crucian, and by adjusting various environmental influence factors, the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female crucian can adapt to the artificial culture conditions more quickly and the sperms can grow and mature synchronously; during artificial insemination, slightly flushing the sperm-egg mixture by adopting water with osmotic pressure of 280-320 mOsm/L and temperature of 18-22 ℃, and then attaching the fertilized eggs to a fishing net so as to enable the fertilized eggs to be in an attachment state during incubation, so that the utilization rate of incubation water is improved while the natural survival state is simulated; during artificial incubation, key parameters (including illumination, water level depth, water temperature, water flow speed, pH value, dissolved oxygen, sterilization of the fertilized eggs and the like) of the fertilized eggs adhered to the fishing net during incubation in the incubation pool are also limited, and suitable environmental conditions are provided for smooth incubation of the fertilized eggs. The method has the advantages that the process of hybridizing male sinocyclocheilus grahami and female sinocyclocheilus grahami is intervened in three steps of parent fish culture, artificial insemination and artificial incubation, species reproduction isolation between sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian carpio of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is broken, hybrid fish species with respective advantages of two parents are obtained through creative cultivation, and a new hybrid variety which is high in meat yield, good in taste, high in meat quality and convenient for large-scale cultivation is cultivated for a large fresh water aquaculture market.

Meanwhile, in the process of breeding the parent fish, by adjusting the respective living environments of the two parent fishes, the invention realizes the synchronous development of sperm and eggs and improves the gamete quality of parents under the condition of not using oxytocin. Therefore, the method provided by the invention solves the problem of asynchronous development of the sperm and egg between the genera, improves the quality of the sperm and egg through the regulation of the exogenous factors, reduces the breeding cost and improves the production efficiency.

Furthermore, the invention specifically limits the parameters of parent fish cultivation and the types of feeds to be adjusted according to different seasonal rhythmicity, is beneficial to more finely simulating the natural environment, reduces artificial stimulation, improves the welfare of the cultured animals, avoids the disturbance of the growth and reproduction of the fish caused by the change of the environment, simultaneously ensures that the number and the quality of spawning of the sperm are better, and ensures the fertility rate and the survival rate of the fertilized eggs.

Furthermore, according to the difference of nutrition requirements of the seedlings at different stages, corresponding nutrition formulas are formulated, and meanwhile, the types, feeding methods, feeding amounts and the like of the feed are adjusted according to the rhythmicity of different seasons, so that the survival rate of the seedlings with the film is ensured, and the deformity rate of the seedlings is remarkably reduced.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a method for hybridizing sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian, which comprises the following steps of:

Firstly, placing the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian female fish in a culture pond respectively for parent fish culture;

feeding the parent fishes of the male fish and the female fish of the crucian carpio grahami with the same sinking feed twice every day during the culture period of the parent fishes of the male fish and the female fish of the crucian carpio grahami, wherein the feeding amount is added according to the proportion that the bait coefficient is 2% -3%;

the sinking feed comprises the following components: a first powdered feed, vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, a multi-vitamin element and water; the mass ratio of the first powdery feed, the vitamin A, the vitamin D3 calcium, the multi-vitamin elements and the water is (250-280): (5-7): (10-20): (8-20): 150; the first powdery feed contains crude protein and crude fat, the mass concentration of the crude protein in the first powdery feed is 30-41%, and the mass concentration of the crude fat in the first powdery feed is 7-8%.

In the invention, the sources of the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian carp female fish are preferably wild sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and crucian carp female fish. The catching places of the wild sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the wild sinocyclocheilus grahami female fish are not particularly limited, and the wild sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the wild sinocyclocheilus grahami female fish can be caught in the wild living area of the two kinds of fishes well known in the field. The invention does not specifically limit the varieties of the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female sinocyclocheilus grahami, and can be obtained by adopting the common varieties of the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female sinocyclocheilus grahami in the field. In the embodiment of the invention, the sinocyclocheilus grahami male parent fish is an aquatic new variety sinocyclocheilus grahami ' cheilus grahami ' Bao you No. 1 ' male fish, and the crucian female parent fish is collected from the southern China river water system Changchun lake in 2008.

The parent fish culture conditions are determined according to the biological characteristics of sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian, the reproduction characteristics are different, the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish lays eggs in winter and spring, the crucian carps lay eggs in spring and summer, and other details are designed based on the situation.

In the invention, the environmental parameters of parent fish culture of the sinocyclocheilus grahami are subjected to rhythmicity regulation (the following time is solar calendar time):

In the invention, the environmental parameters of parent fish culture of the crucian female fish are subjected to rhythmicity regulation:

sunshade is carried out on the water surface of 1/6-1/4 in 3 months of 11 months-the next year by using a sunshade net, the illumination period is 9-12 hours, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 5-20 cm/s, the water transparency is 40-50 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 4.5-10.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.5-8.5;

sunshade is carried out on the water surface of 1/6-1/4 in 4-7 months by using a sunshade net, the illumination period is 9-14 hours, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 10-20 cm/s, the water transparency is 20-50 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 8.0-8.5 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.0-7.2;

sunshade is carried out on the water surface of 1/6-1/4 in 8-10 months by using a sunshade net, the illumination period is 10-12 hours, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 10-20 cm/s, the water transparency is 20-50 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 7.0-9.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 6.8-7.2;

in the present invention, the preferred 1/5 water surface is shaded with a sunshade net.

In the invention, because the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the crucian carp have higher protein and fat conversion efficiency, the cost is controlled as much as possible while the requirements are met; during the parent fish culture period of the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian female fish, the feeding condition is used for regulating the rhythm:

feeding bait SGF1 in 12-3 months of the next year; the bait SGF1 comprises the following components: a second powdery feed, macrobrachium rosenbergii, vitamin D3 calcium, multi-vitamin elements and water; the mass ratio of the second powdery feed, the macrobrachium rosenbergii, the vitamin D3 calcium, the multi-vitamin elements and the water is 250: 20: 10: 8: 150; the mass concentration of the crude protein in the second powdery feed is 35%, and the mass concentration of the crude fat in the second powdery feed is 7%; in winter, the macrobrachium rosenbergii is an important period for gonad development, the nutritional requirement of gamete development is met by adding the macrobrachium rosenbergii into the feed formula, the gamete quality can be improved, and in other periods, the macrobrachium rosenbergii is not added for saving cost;

In 4-11 months, due to the high water temperature, part of vitamin A is added regularly in order to improve the immunity of the fish body.

In the invention, during artificial insemination, the number ratio of the ovum of the female crucian carp to the sperms of the male sinocyclocheilus grahami is 1-20: 1 to 10 x 10⁵。

The invention collects sperms of male parent fish of sinocyclocheilus grahami with mature gonad development and ova of parent fish of female crucian, and performs artificial insemination to obtain an sperm-egg mixture. Gonad development mature Sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and crucian female fish expressionPreferably: the male sinocyclocheilus grahami is rough in body and has a pearl-shaped star, the sperm on the abdomen is lightly pressed to flow out, the female parent fish of the crucian grahami has no pearl-shaped star, the female parent fish does not have obvious rough feeling when touched by hands, the abdomen of the female roe expands and becomes round, the cloaca hole is red and swollen, and the ovum on the abdomen is lightly pressed to flow out; the collection method of the ovum and the sperm is preferably as follows: wiping off excessive water on the fish body, holding the back of the fish body with one hand, and lightly pushing the belly of the fish body with the thumb and forefinger along the outline of the ovary and the testis and squeezing out roe and semen with the other hand. The extruded roe and the sperm are contained in a clean container; the artificial insemination takes the male fish of sinocyclocheilus grahami as a male parent and takes the female fish of crucian carp as a female parent; the artificial insemination is to mix the ovum and the sperm, and lightly stir the mixture for 30s by using feathers to ensure full mixing; during artificial insemination, the number ratio of the ovum to the sperm is preferably (1-20): (1-10) × 10⁵。

After obtaining the sperm-egg mixture, the invention washes the sperm-egg mixture by normal saline, sprays the washed sperm-egg mixture on a fishing net, hatches the fishing net adhered with the sperm-egg mixture in a hatching pond, and hatches fish fries; the osmotic pressure of the normal saline is 280-320 mOsm/L; the temperature of the normal saline is 18-22 ℃; the incubation conditions include: the water level is 1.0m, the sperm-egg mixture is 5-10 cm below the water surface, a sunshade net is used for shading the whole water, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the pH value of the water is 7.5-8.5, the dissolved oxygen of the water is 7.0-10.0 mg/L, and the time is 6-8 d; during the hatching period, the fishing net attached with the sperm-egg mixture is sterilized in methylene blue solution every day for 3 days. In the invention, the number of times of flushing the sperm-egg mixture by using the physiological saline is preferably 3-4 times; the function of the normal saline for washing the sperm-egg mixture is to avoid the contamination of fertilized eggs by mixing impurities such as urine, feces and the like in the process of collecting sperm and eggs and washing the impurities. The fertilized eggs are 5-10 cm below the water surface, so that the fertilized eggs are prevented from depositing, the recombined dissolved oxygen is ensured, and a black shading net is preferably arranged above the hatching pond in a method without light source direct irradiation. In the present invention, the fishing net to which the sperm-egg mixture is attached is sterilized in a methylene blue solution for a period of preferably 15min per day. In the present invention, the concentration of the methylene blue solution is preferably 15 ppm; the disinfectant and the disinfection concentration play a role in sterilization and simultaneously reduce the influence on fertilized eggs to the minimum, thereby ensuring the embryo survival rate. When the hatching is not carried out under the hatching condition, the hatching rate is low, the survival rate is low, and the deformity rate is high.

After hatching and seedling raising, the invention preferably further comprises feeding the hatched fish fry to obtain hybrid of the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female crucian.

In the present invention, the raising comprises feeding the feed, and the initial time of feeding the feed is preferably 4 days after the membrane rupture of the fry.

In the invention, the feed is adjusted according to different growth periods of the fry, and the adjusting method preferably comprises the following steps:

feeding the bait SCF2 and the rotifers on 11 th to 20 th days, feeding for 3 times every day, wherein the feeding amount of each feeding rotifer is 200 ten thousand per m²The feeding amount of the bait SCF2 is 8-10 g/m²(ii) a The bait SCF2 comprises the following components: cooked egg yolk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin elements and water; the mass ratio of the cooked egg yolk to the macrobrachium rosenbergii to the freshly ground soybean milk to the multi-vitamin elements to the water is 250: 20: 250: 10: 750;

In the invention, the bait for the juvenile fish is added with the macrobrachium rosenbergii, the vitamin A and the multi-vitamin elements, the fish has meat-eating habits, the ingestion of the fish protein and part of the trace elements can be improved by adding the macrobrachium rosenbergii, and the immunity can be improved by adding the vitamin A and the multi-vitamin elements.

In the invention, EM bacteria are used for 0.5-1.0 ml/m every day during the fry rearing period²The amount of the water-soluble organic acid is added into a water body to adjust the water quality; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is preferably 0.8ml/m². The source of the EM bacteria is not particularly limited in the present invention, and EM bacteria known in the art may be used.

The method for the hybridization of the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian female fish provided by the invention is explained in detail by the following examples, but the method is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1

1. Constructing a farming system

Sinocyclocheilus grahami andro culture system:

establishing a parent fish culture pond, wherein parameters of illumination, water temperature, water flow strength and water quality in the culture pond can be adjusted according to seasonal rhythmicity, namely, in 12 months to 3 months in the next year, the temperature is controlled at 14 ℃, the flow rate is controlled at 15cm/s, the dissolved oxygen is controlled at 7.0mg/L, and the pH value is controlled at 8.5; controlling the temperature at 20 ℃, the flow rate at 8cm/s, the dissolved oxygen at 7.5mg/L and the pH value at 7.6 within 4-7 months; and in 8-11 months, controlling the temperature at 19 ℃, the flow rate at 10cm/s, the dissolved oxygen at 6.5mg/L and the pH value at 7.9.

Crucian female fish culture system:

establishing a parent fish culture pond, wherein parameters of illumination, water temperature, water flow strength and water quality in the culture pond can be adjusted according to seasonal rhythmicity, namely, the illumination period is controlled to be 14 hours by shading one fifth of the water surface by a shading net in 11 months to 3 months in the next year, the temperature is controlled to be 18 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is controlled to be 12cm/s, the transparency of water quality is controlled to be 47cm, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 6.5mg/L, and the pH value is controlled to be 7.3; sun-shading by using a sun-shading net on one fifth of the water surface within 4-7 months, controlling the illumination period to be 11 hours, controlling the temperature to be 23 ℃, controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 16cm/s, controlling the water quality transparency to be 35cm, controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 8.0mg/L and controlling the pH value to be 7.8; sun-shading by a sun-shading net on one fifth of the water surface within 8-10 months, controlling the illumination period at 11 hours, the temperature at 23 ℃, the flow rate of water flow at 15cm/s, the water transparency at 30cm, the dissolved oxygen at 7.0mg/L and the pH value at 8.8.

2. Bait preparation

SGF1 bait: a powdery feed containing 37% of crude protein and 7% of crude fat, macrobrachium rosenbergii, vitamin D3 calcium, multi-vitamin elements and water, a powdery feed containing 37% of crude protein and 7% of crude fat: macrobrachium rosenbergii: vitamin D3 calcium: multidimensional elements: 250 parts of water: 20: 10: 8: 150 (mass ratio).

SGF2 bait: the feed comprises a powdery feed containing 41% by mass of crude protein and 7% by mass of crude fat, vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, a multi-vitamin element and water, and the powdery feed containing 41% by mass of crude protein and 7% by mass of crude fat: vitamin A: vitamin D3 calcium: multidimensional elements: 280 parts of water: 5: 20: 10: 150 (mass ratio).

SGF3 bait: comprises powdery feed containing 39 mass percent of crude protein and 7 mass percent of crude fat, vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, multi-vitamin elements and water, and the powdery feed containing 41 mass percent of crude protein and 7 mass percent of crude fat: vitamin A: vitamin D3 calcium: multidimensional elements: 250 parts of water: 7: 20: 20: 300 (mass ratio).

SCF1 bait: the egg yolk boiled by the method comprises the following steps of (1) boiled egg yolk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, multi-vitamin elements and water in a mass ratio: macrobrachium rosenbergii: multidimensional elements: 300 parts of water: 20: 10: 750 (mass ratio).

SCF2 bait: boiling egg yolk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin elements and water, boiling egg yolk: macrobrachium rosenbergii: grinding soybean milk at present: multidimensional elements: 250 parts of water: 20: 260: 10: 750 (mass ratio).

SCF3 bait: the soybean milk comprises the following raw materials of freshly ground soybean milk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, powdery feed containing 35% of crude protein and 15% of crude fat in mass concentration, vitamin A, multi-vitamin elements and water, wherein the raw ground soybean milk comprises the following components in parts by weight: macrobrachium rosenbergii: powdered feed containing 35% crude protein and 15% crude fat: vitamin A: multidimensional elements: 250 parts of water: 10: 250: 10: 10: 750 (mass ratio).

3. Source of parent fish

The sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish parent fish is a new sinocyclocheilus grahami 'Bacheilu No. 1' male fish in an aquatic product, and a sinocyclocheilus grahami water system pacific lake is collected in 2018 by a sinocyclocheilus grahami female fish parent line, and the sinocyclocheilus grahami is captured by adopting three layers of net hanging, and the sinocyclocheilus grahami fish parent fish. Through sampling inspection, the average value of the body length of the female crucian carp is 12.2cm, and the average value of the body weight is 65.5 g. And filling the parent fishes into plastic fish fry bags with the length of 80cm and the width of 50cm, and carrying back to the culture base after oxygen flushing, wherein the weight of each bag of fish is 4-5 kg.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The domestication pond with the length of 8m, the width of 5m and the height of 3m is emptied in advance and exposed to the sun for 3 days, then the pond wall is cleaned by a long brush, and is soaked for 1 day by potassium permanganate and then is cleaned by clean water for 3 times, and each time is 30 minutes. The parent fish is disinfected and then placed into a domestication pond, a black shading net is covered on the pond, the height of the water level in the pond and the height of a water discharge channel outside the pond are both 1.5m, the flow velocity of a water inlet pipe is 45cm/s, and the water quality transparency is 100 cm. Oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the pool, dissolved oxygen is 5.5mg/L, the pH is 6.8, the osmotic pressure is 3.0mOsm/L, and the temperature is 16-22 ℃. 10 parts per day: 00 and 16: 00 feeding artificial synthetic sinking feed once. And (3) after domesticating for 5 days, killing the parent fish of the female crucian carps together.

5. Intensive cultivation of parent fish

3, month 8, 09, 2019: 00, selecting male sinocyclocheilus grahami and female sinocyclocheilus grahami with normal shape, good growth and no disease, respectively placing the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female sinocyclocheilus grahami in a culture pond, feeding self-made sinking feed twice a day, wherein the feeding amount is 2% -3% of the feed coefficient, the feed formula is adjusted according to the required rhythm, namely, feeding the feed SGF1 in 12-3 months in the next year, feeding the feed SGF2 in 4-7 months, and feeding the feed SGF3 in 8-11 months.

The culture system who founds in the cultivation pond has simulated good living condition for yunnan chi sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and crucian female fish, through adjusting all kinds of environmental factor, is favorable to the faster artificial cultivation condition of adaptation of wild crucian female fish, simultaneously, thereby can promote parent fish sexual maturity and lay eggs. In the reproduction season, male bodies of sinocyclocheilus grahami are rough and have pearl stars, and sperms flow out from the belly under light pressure, so that no pearl stars appear in female crucian carps and male parent crucian carps, no obvious rough feeling is caused by touching with hands, only the appearance female carps are round due to the expansion of the belly of a pregnant ovum, the cloaca is red and swollen, and sperms or ova flow out from the belly under light pressure.

6. Artificial insemination

4 month, 18 days 16: 00, selecting male sinocyclocheilus grahami and female sinocyclocheilus grahami with normal shape, no diseases and good gonad development as male parents and female parents respectively, namely selecting the sinocyclocheilus grahami as the male parent and the sinocyclocheilus grahami as the female parent, and carrying out artificial insemination. Wiping off excessive water on the fish body, holding the back of the fish body with one hand, and lightly pushing the belly of the fish body with the thumb and forefinger along the outline of the ovary and the testis and squeezing out roe and semen with the other hand. The extruded roe and semen were contained in a clean container, immediately gently stirred with chicken feather for 30s, and then gently washed with water having an osmotic pressure of 300mOsm/L and a temperature of 20 ℃ while gently stirring the roe and semen mixture clockwise with the chicken feather to remove excess semen. After 3 times of washing, the sperm-egg mixture is evenly sprinkled on the sterilized and cleaned fishing net.

7. Fish egg hatching

Placing the fishing net adhered with the sperm-egg mixture in a sterilized and cleaned hatching pond for hatching, wherein the hatching pond is 5m multiplied by 4m multiplied by 1.5m, the water level is 1.0m, the water surface is 5cm above the roes, no light source is directly radiated, the water temperature is 22 ℃, the pH value is 8.0, and the dissolved oxygen is 8.5 mg/L; and (3) putting the roes into a methylene blue solution with the concentration of 100ppm every day for sterilizing for 15min, continuously sterilizing for 3 days, starting to hatch fry on the 4 th day, and finishing hatching on the 7 th day.

8. Fry rearing

Feeding 7 days after the membrane of the fry is broken, and using EM bacteria at a ratio of 15g/m every day²Adjusting water quality, feeding different feeds in stages in the feeding period, wherein in the fry feeding stage:

feeding the paste bait SCF1 on the 1 st to 10 th days of the feeding period for 3 times per day, wherein the feeding amount is 10mL/m²。

Feeding the bait SCF2 and the rotifers on 11 th to 20 th days, wherein the feeding is carried out for 3 times every day, and the feeding amount of the rotifers is 200 ten thousand per m²。

Feeding the bait SCF3 on 21 th to 60 th days, wherein the feeding amount is 12g/m²。

After 60 days of opening, feeding according to the parent fish breeding bait, wherein the feeding amount is 4% according to the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 20min each time.

Example 2

1. Constructing a farming system

Sinocyclocheilus grahami andro culture system:

establishing a parent fish culture pond, wherein parameters of illumination, water temperature, water flow strength and water quality in the culture pond can be adjusted according to seasonal rhythmicity, namely, in 12 months to 3 months in the next year, the temperature is controlled at 16 ℃, the flow rate is controlled at 19cm/s, the dissolved oxygen is controlled at 7.9mg/L, and the pH value is controlled at 8.5; controlling the temperature at 22 ℃, the flow rate at 8cm/s, the dissolved oxygen at 7.5mg/L and the pH value at 7.6 within 4-7 months; and in 8-11 months, controlling the temperature at 18 ℃, the flow rate at 10cm/s, the dissolved oxygen at 7.5mg/L and the pH value at 7.9.

Crucian female fish culture system:

establishing a parent fish culture pond, wherein parameters of illumination, water temperature, water flow strength and water quality in the culture pond can be adjusted according to seasonal rhythmicity, namely, the illumination period is controlled to be 12 hours by shading one fifth of the water surface by a shading net in 11 months to 3 months in the next year, the temperature is controlled to be 17 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is controlled to be 18cm/s, the transparency of water quality is controlled to be 40cm, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 6.5mg/L, and the pH value is controlled to be 7.3; sun-shading by using a sun-shading net on one fifth of the water surface within 4-7 months, controlling the illumination period to be 13 hours, controlling the temperature to be 23 ℃, controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 20cm/s, controlling the water quality transparency to be 35cm, controlling the dissolved oxygen to be 8.0mg/L and controlling the pH value to be 7.8; sun-shading by a sun-shading net on one fifth of the water surface within 8-10 months, controlling the illumination period at 12 hours, the temperature at 23 ℃, the flow rate of water flow at 15cm/s, the water transparency at 30cm, the dissolved oxygen at 6.5mg/L and the pH value at 8.3.

2. Bait preparation

SGF1 bait: powdery feed containing 35% of crude protein and 8% of crude fat, macrobrachium rosenbergii, vitamin D3 calcium, multi-vitamin elements and water, powdery feed containing 35% of crude protein and 8% of crude fat: macrobrachium rosenbergii: vitamin D3 calcium: multidimensional elements: 250 parts of water: 20: 10: 8: 150 (mass ratio).

SGF2 bait: the feed comprises a powdery feed containing 40% of crude protein and 8% of crude fat by mass, vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, a multi-vitamin element and water, and the powdery feed containing 40% of crude protein and 8% of crude fat by mass: vitamin A: vitamin D3 calcium: multidimensional elements: 280 parts of water: 5: 20: 10: 150 (mass ratio).

SGF3 bait: the feed comprises a powdery feed containing 39 mass percent of crude protein and 7 mass percent of crude fat, vitamin A, vitamin D3 calcium, multi-vitamin elements and water, wherein the powdery feed containing 39 mass percent of crude protein and 7 mass percent of crude fat comprises the following components: vitamin A: vitamin D3 calcium: multidimensional elements: 250 parts of water: 7: 18: 15: 300 (mass ratio).

SCF1 bait: the egg yolk boiled by the method comprises the following steps of (1) boiled egg yolk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, multi-vitamin elements and water in a mass ratio: macrobrachium rosenbergii: multidimensional elements: 300 parts of water: 20: 15: 750 (mass ratio).

SCF2 bait: boiling egg yolk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin elements and water, boiling egg yolk: macrobrachium rosenbergii: grinding soybean milk at present: multidimensional elements: water 260: 15: 260: 10: 750 (mass ratio).

SCF3 bait: the soybean milk comprises the following raw materials of ground soybean milk, macrobrachium rosenbergii, powdery feed containing 37% of crude protein and 10% of crude fat in mass concentration, vitamin A, multi-vitamin elements and water, wherein the raw soybean milk comprises the following components in parts by weight: macrobrachium rosenbergii: powdered feed containing 37% crude protein and 10% crude fat: vitamin A: multidimensional elements: 250 parts of water: 10: 250: 10: 10: 750 (mass ratio).

3. Source of parent fish

The sinocyclocheilus grahami male parent fish is a sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish new variety 'sinocyclocheilus grahami superior No. 1', and a sinocyclocheilus grahami female parent fish parent line is collected in the sinocyclocheilus grahami valley in Kunming city of Yunnan province in 2017 years, and three layers of net hanging are adopted to capture, so that 92 tails are obtained in total. Through sampling inspection, the average value of the body length of the female crucian carp is 13.2cm, and the average value of the body weight is 69.0 g. The parent fish is put into plastic fish fry bags with the length of 80cm and the width of 50cm, and the fish fry bags are taken back to the culture base after oxygen charging, and the weight of each bag of fish is 4-5 kg.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The domestication pond with the length of 8m, the width of 5m and the height of 3m is emptied in advance and exposed to the sun for 3 days, then the pond wall is cleaned by a long brush, and is soaked for 1 day by potassium permanganate and then is cleaned by clean water for 3 times, and each time lasts for 40 minutes. The parent fish is disinfected and then placed into a domestication pond, a black shading net is covered on the pond, the height of the water level in the pond and the height of a water discharge channel outside the pond are both 1.5m, the flow velocity of a water inlet pipe is 50cm/s, and the water quality transparency is 105 cm. Oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the pool, the dissolved oxygen is 8.0mg/L, the pH value is 7.8, the osmotic pressure is 4.5mOsm/L, and the temperature is 16-22 ℃. 10 parts per day: 00 and 16: 00 feeding artificial synthetic sinking feed once. And (5) after domesticating for 5 days, 5 fish of the parent fish of the female crucian carps are killed together.

5. Intensive cultivation of parent fish

3 month and 16 days 09 in 2019: 00, selecting male sinocyclocheilus grahami and female and male parent crucian carps with normal shapes, good growth and no diseases, respectively placing the male sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female crucian carps in a culture pond, feeding self-made sinking feed twice every day, wherein the feeding amount is 3% according to a feed coefficient, and the feed formula is regulated according to the required rhythmicity, namely feeding the feed SGF1 in 3 months from 12 months to 3 months in the next year, feeding the feed SGF2 in 4-7 months, and feeding the feed SGF3 in 8-11 months.

The breeding system constructed in the breeding pond simulates good living conditions for the female crucian, and under the stimulation of various conditions, the wild crucian female fish can adapt to artificial breeding conditions more quickly, and meanwhile, the sexual maturity of parent fish can be promoted so as to lay eggs. In the reproduction season, male bodies of sinocyclocheilus grahami are rough and have pearl stars, and sperms flow out from the belly under light pressure, so that no pearl stars appear in female crucian carps and male parent crucian carps, no obvious rough feeling is caused by touching with hands, only the appearance female carps are round due to the expansion of the belly of a pregnant ovum, the cloaca is red and swollen, and sperms or ova flow out from the belly under light pressure.

8. Artificial insemination

4, month, 20, day 16: 00, selecting male sinocyclocheilus grahami and female and male parent sinocyclocheilus grahami with normal shape, no diseases and good gonad development as male parents and female parents respectively, namely selecting the sinocyclocheilus grahami as the male parent and the sinocyclocheilus grahami as the female parent, and carrying out artificial insemination. Wiping off excessive water on the fish body, holding the back of the fish body with one hand, and lightly pushing the belly of the fish body with the thumb and forefinger along the outline of the ovary and the testis and squeezing out roe and semen with the other hand. The extruded roe and semen were contained in a clean container, immediately gently stirred with chicken feather for 30s, and then gently washed with water having an osmotic pressure of 320mOsm/L and a temperature of 22 ℃ while gently stirring the roe and semen mixture clockwise with chicken feather to remove excess semen. After 3 times of washing, the sperm-egg mixture is evenly sprinkled on the sterilized and cleaned fishing net.

9. Fish egg hatching

Placing the fishing net adhered with the sperm-egg mixture in a sterilized and cleaned hatching pond for hatching, wherein the hatching pond is 5m multiplied by 4m multiplied by 1.5m, the water level is 1.0m, the water surface is 10cm above the roes, no light source is directly radiated, the water temperature is 20 ℃, the pH value is 7.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 9.0 mg/L; and (3) putting the roes into a methylene blue solution with the concentration of 100ppm every day for sterilizing for 15min, continuously sterilizing for 3 days, starting to hatch fry on the 4 th day, and finishing hatching on the 8 th day.

8. Fry rearing

Feeding 7 days after the membrane rupture of the fry, and using EM bacteria at a ratio of 17g/m every day²Adjusting water quality, feeding different feeds in stages in the feeding period, wherein in the fry feeding stage:

feeding the paste bait SCF1 on the 1 st to 10 th days of the feeding period for 3 times per day, wherein the feeding amount is 20mL/m²。

Feeding the bait SCF3 on 21 th to 60 th days, wherein the feeding amount is 11g/m²。

Feeding granular feed with diameter of 0.5-0.8mm after 60 days, wherein the feeding amount is 4% according to the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 20min each time.

Performing quality detection on the ova and sperms collected from the parent fish in the embodiment 1-2, wherein the nuclear bias rate is the percentage of the number of the ova with nuclear bias in the total number of the detected ova after the ova are placed in 10% acetic acid solution; sperm motility is the percentage of the number of motile sperm in the total number of sperm measured after sperm activation. The egg nucleus deviation rate of the crucian is 95 percent, and the sperm activity of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is 92 percent. Meanwhile, according to the growth and development conditions of different cultivation stages, the fertilization rate, the hatching rate, the survival rate of the seedlings and the deformity rate are respectively counted. The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 cultivation results of two hybridization methods of examples 1-2

Group of	Hybridization method	Fertilization rate	Hatching rate	Survival rate of offspring seed	Rate of deformity
						Example 1	Crucian carp female parent and sinocyclocheilus grahami female parent	92％	90％	93％	1％
Example 2	Crucian carp female parent and sinocyclocheilus grahami female parent	90％	93％	95％	1.2％

Comparative example 1

If do not have above-mentioned farming systems, the most key problem that appears lies in, and Yunnan pond sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian spawn season are different, and the sinocyclocheilus grahami of Yunnan pond spawns eggs in 1 ~ 4 months, and the crucian spawns in 5 ~ 7 months, and the season of spawning is not overlapped, and the hybridization has nothing to talk about. Certainly, if there is not this farming systems, the quality of the sperm egg of sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian carp is not good, mainly embodies that, crucian carp egg nucleus off-normal rate is less than or equal to 80%, sinocyclocheilus grahami sperm activity is less than or equal to 85%.

Comparative example 2

1. Constructing a farming system

The same culture system as in example 1.

2. Bait preparation

The breeding fish feed comprises: 111 carp feed, powdery feed containing 30% of crude protein and 7% of crude fat, multi-vitamin elements and water, 111 carp feed: powdered feed containing 30% crude protein and 7% crude fat: multidimensional elements: water 200: 100: 10: 300 (mass ratio).

The paste bait comprises: boiled egg yolk, shrimp, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin elements and water, the boiled egg yolk: shrimp: grinding soybean milk at present: multidimensional elements: 150 parts of water: 20: 300: 10: 750 (mass ratio).

3. Source of parent fish

Same as example 1 parent fish source.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to domesticate the parent fish.

5. Intensive cultivation of parent fish

3 month and 19 days 09 in 2019: 00, selecting a normally-shaped, well-growing and disease-free male sinocyclocheilus grahami fish and a female crucian carp, respectively placing the male sinocyclocheilus grahami fish and the female sinocyclocheilus grahami fish in a culture pond, feeding the sinocyclocheilus grahami fish with feed twice every day, wherein the feeding amount is 3% according to the bait coefficient.

6. Artificial insemination

The same procedure as in example 1 was used for artificial insemination.

7. Fish egg hatching

The same procedure as in example 1 was used to incubate fish eggs.

According to the scheme, the quality of the refined eggs of the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the crucian carp is poor, and the main body is that the egg nucleus deviation rate of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is less than or equal to 85 percent, and the sperm activity of the sinocyclocheilus grahami is less than or equal to 85 percent. The hybridization fertilization rate is less than or equal to 60 percent, the hatching rate is less than or equal to 50 percent, the survival rate of the seedlings is less than or equal to 40 percent, and the deformity rate is more than or equal to 25 percent.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for hybridizing Sinocyclocheilus grahami and crucian carp is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for hybridizing the male fish and the female fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami according to claim 1, wherein the environmental parameters of the parent fish culture of the sinocyclocheilus grahami are subjected to rhythmic adjustment:

3. The method for hybridizing the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian female fish according to claim 1, wherein the environmental parameters of parent fish culture of the crucian female fish are subjected to rhythmic adjustment:

4. The method for hybridizing the male fish and the female fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami according to claim 1, wherein the feeding conditions are adjusted for rhythmicity during the parent fish culture of the male fish and the female fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami:

5. The method for hybridizing the male fish of sinocyclocheilus grahami and the female fish of crucian carp according to claim 1, wherein the ovum of the female fish of crucian carp and the sinocyclocheilus grahami are inseminated in the artificial inseminationThe number ratio of sperms of the sinocheilus cheilus male fish is (1-20): (1-10) × 10⁵。

6. The method for hybridizing the male fish and the female fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step of feeding the incubated fish fry after the fish fry is incubated in the step 3), so as to obtain the hybrid of the male fish and the female fish of the sinocyclocheilus grahami.

7. The method for hybridizing the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian carp female fish according to claim 6, wherein the feeding comprises feeding the feed, and the initial time of feeding the feed is 4 days after the membrane of the fry is broken.

8. The method for hybridizing the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian carp female fish according to claim 7, wherein the feed is adjusted according to different growth periods of the fries, and the adjustment method comprises the following steps:

feeding the bait SCF3 on 21 st to 60 th days, wherein the feeding is carried out for 2 times every day, and the feeding amount is 10-12 g/m²The bait SCF3 comprises the following components: the fresh ground soybean milk, the shrimps, the fifth powdery feed, the vitamin A, the multi-vitamin elements and the water; the mass ratio of the freshly ground soybean milk to the shrimp to the fifth powdery feed to the vitamin A to the multi-vitamin element to the water is250: 10: 250: 10: 10: 750; the fifth powdered feed contains crude protein and crude fat; the mass concentration of the crude protein in the fifth powdery feed is 35 percent; the mass concentration of the coarse fat of the fifth powdery feed is 15 percent;

9. The method for hybridizing the sinocyclocheilus grahami male fish and the crucian female fish according to claim 6, wherein the EM bacteria is used for 0.5-1.0 ml/m every day during the period of raising the fry²Is added to the water body to regulate the water quality.