CN117223646A - Crossbreeding method of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp - Google Patents
Crossbreeding method of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of hybridization breeding, and provides a hybridization breeding method of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp, which comprises the following steps: selecting and breeding parents reasonably, selecting high-purity female sinocyclocheilus grahami as female parent fish, selecting carp as male parent fish, breeding female parent fish and male parent fish respectively, artificially inducing spawning in a breeding period, and obtaining fish eggs through natural fertilization or artificial insemination mode and hatching; stably culturing the hybrid variety of the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the carp with soft waxy characteristics. And whether the scales of the obtained offspring fish are waxy or not is judged by a high-purity quality judging method, so that the error and floatability of manual judgment are reduced. On one hand, the method effectively breeds the sub-fish which has the soft and glutinous characteristics of the fish scales of the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the meat quality of the carp, improves the stability of the performance of the bred sub-fish, and on the other hand, improves the accuracy of judging whether the fish scales of the filial generation of the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the carp reach the glutinous standard.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of hybridization breeding, and particularly relates to a hybridization breeding method of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp.
Background
In recent years, in order to scientifically and reasonably protect and utilize indigenous fish resources, popularization of indigenous well-known fingerlings is carried out. The sinocyclocheilus grahami is rare and famous fish in the Langjiang of China, has the characteristics of strong adaptability, delicious meat quality, high nutritive value and the like, and is high in calcium content, soft, glutinous and edible, and further has market competitiveness. The strong breeding and pushing of the large-scale four-whisker-cheilus can promote the local economic development, and is also beneficial to improving and recovering the structure of the blue-and-white community, so that the utilization of indigenous fish resources can go on a sustainable development road.
At present, the sinocyclocheilus grahami is artificially domesticated to become one of local economic fishes, and is deeply favored by consumers. In order to further improve the economic value of the sinocyclocheilus grahami to meet market demands and avoid the condition of germplasm degeneration such as individual small fish seeds or poor adaptability and the like caused by the expansion of the cultivation scale, people try to crossbreeding the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the carp so as to cultivate new excellent strains. However, the instability of the character of fish scale waxy offspring becomes a technical challenge for cross breeding. Due to the genetic background and biological characteristic difference of the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the carp, offspring may show diversified characters, wherein the characters comprise variation of the degree of scale waxy, so that part of offspring does not have the characteristic of soft waxy eating of the original sinocyclocheilus grahami scales, and the competitiveness and economic value of the sinocyclocheilus grahami scales in the market are affected.
Therefore, in cross breeding, it is important to screen fish scale waxy progeny. At present, no reliable method for judging whether the fish scales are waxy exists, if the fish scales are judged manually, the influence error of the main view is large, and if the fish scales are taken and then are judged by physical or biochemical experiments, the efficiency is low. Therefore, an accurate and efficient method for judging whether fish scales are waxy is needed, so that offspring with higher market competitiveness and economic value are screened.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a hybridization breeding method of sinocyclocheilus capitatus and carp, which aims to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art and at least provides a beneficial selection or creation condition.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus grahami with carp, the method comprising the steps of:
a) Parent selection and cultivation: selecting female sinocyclocheilus grahami with the age of more than 3 winter and the weight of more than 1.5kg as parent fish of hybridization 3-4 months before hybridization breeding, wherein the female sinocyclocheilus grahami has no disease or injury and high purity; selecting male carp with winter age of more than 2 and weight of more than 1.3kg, which is free from diseases and injury, as male parent fish to be respectively placed in a cultivation pool for cultivation, keeping good water quality, water temperature of 16-24 ℃, dissolved oxygen of 6.8-7.8 mg/L and pH value of 6.8-7.2, and feeding with compound feed, wherein the compound feed comprises bran, fish meal, barley, biota, chitin, probiotics and the like;
b) Artificial induced spawning: raising the temperature to cultivate about one month before cross breeding, slowly raising the water temperature by 1 ℃ every 2 days at room temperature, and controlling the water temperature of a cultivation pool to be unchanged when the water temperature reaches 20 ℃; observing gonadal development condition of the parent fish every day, and injecting lutein-releasing hormone analogue and mixed oxytocic of chorionic gonadotrophin into the parent fish by adopting a one-needle injection method at the abdominal cavity of the non-scale part of the pectoral fin base when parent fish reproduction Kong Weigong is observed, wherein the injection amount is 3-5 mg/kg, continuously inflating a culture pond after the oxytocic, and promoting gonadal maturation of the parent fish by using a running water stimulation method;
c) Natural fertilization or artificial insemination: the natural fertilization method is that female and male parents are placed in an oviposition pond, and fertilized eggs are obtained through natural fertilization; the artificial insemination method is that the fish belly is lightly pressed, female parent large scale four-whisker-graine which is observed to have egg grains flowing out from a reproduction hole is taken out, and is fixed by a canvas stretcher; taking out the male parent carp with the fish-chasing action and large sperm yield, and carrying out artificial dry insemination with the female parent;
d) Hatching and raising: placing fertilized eggs in a hatching device for running water hatching, keeping good water quality, wherein the water temperature is 20+/-1 ℃, the dissolved oxygen of water is 7.0-8.0 mg/L, and the pH value is 6.8-7.5; feeding with feed comprising mixture of yolk, brine shrimp, bean and cypress, fish multi-vitamin and living feed of red worm and rotifer 7 days after raising young seedling.
Further, in step a), the high purity quality female sinocyclocheilus grahami is the stock sinocyclocheilus grahami.
Further, the female sinocyclocheilus grahami with high purity in the step a) is parent fish which is bred through more than two generations of families and meets the high-quality batch.
Further, in the step c), the ratio of the male parent to the female parent is 1:1-1:1.5.
The method for obtaining the parent fish of the high-quality batch comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring fish scale data through a CCD industrial camera to obtain an original image;
s200, preprocessing an original image to obtain an image to be detected;
s300, analyzing soft waxy characteristics of fish scales according to an image to be detected to form a waxy scale;
s400, breeding evaluation is carried out according to a waxy scale, and parent fishes with high quality are selected.
Further, in step S100, the method for acquiring the fish scale data by the CCD camera to obtain the original image is as follows: placing the fish to be tested on a light dispersion plate, wherein the light dispersion plate comprises any one of a diffuse reflection light dispersion plate, a micro concave convex light dispersion plate or a soft light dispersion plate, starting a light source, wherein the light source comprises any one of an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a quartz halogen lamp, a metal halide lamp or a light emitting diode, adopting a color high-resolution CCD industrial camera to collect images of the fish to be tested, and taking the obtained RGB color images as original images.
Further, in step S200, the method for preprocessing the original image to obtain the image to be measured is as follows: extracting a fish scale region of an original image through a preset virtual fish scale model, and intercepting the region as a first image, wherein the virtual fish scale model is an interested region screening algorithm based on an image segmentation technology; carrying out gray processing on the first image to obtain a gray histogram, obtaining two peak values on the histogram, respectively representing a scale part and a scale surface black dirt part, taking a gray value corresponding to a valley between the two peak values as a threshold value, taking a part larger than the threshold value as a foreground and a part smaller than the threshold value as a background, dividing the first image, and deleting the background; re-smoothing the image: filling the empty holes by morphological processing and adopting a closed operation combining corrosion operation and expansion operation, wherein the processed image is used as a second image; and converting the RGB color space of the second image into an HSL color space, extracting saturation from each pixel in the corresponding HSL image to construct an image matrix as an image to be detected, and taking the saturation of each pixel in the image to be detected as a gray value, wherein the algorithm for converting the RGB color space into the HSL color space is an ITU-R BT.709 algorithm or a cone model algorithm.
Further, in step S300, the method for analyzing the soft glutinous characteristics of the fish scales according to the image to be measured to form the glutinous scale is as follows: dividing an original image into a plurality of areas through an edge recognition algorithm, taking the corresponding area of each area in the image to be detected as a sub-scale area of the image to be detected, marking the number of the sub-scale areas as Neul, and marking the average value of the gray values of each pixel point in the sub-scale areas as a gray average pre-value Mavb; if the gray value of a pixel is larger than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood and larger than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood, defining the pixel as gray set pixels, and if the gray value of a pixel is smaller than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood and smaller than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood, defining the pixel as gray edge pixels;
the ratio of gray values of a gray set pixel to another gray edge pixel nearest to the gray set pixel in the same sub-scale domain is used as the gray domain characteristic of the gray set pixel; acquiring gray domain characteristics of each gray set pixel to construct a sequence as a gray set sequence ue_ls, marking the number of gray set sequence elements as Nech, marking the geometric average value of each element in the gray set sequence as EUedc, and calculating a waxy scale EVGQ of an image to be detected:
wherein j1 is an accumulated variable, ue_ls (j 1) represents a j 1-th element of the gray set sequence, exp () is an exponential function with a natural constant e as a base, ln () is a logarithmic function with a natural constant e as a base, ds < > is a polar difference function, and the result of the polar difference function is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the call sequence.
The waxy scale is obtained by combining the gray domain characteristics of the image to be detected, so that the scale waxy characteristics of the gray value high characteristic area in the image to be detected are effectively quantized into graphic data, and magnitude support is provided for the quantization of the scale soft waxy characteristics of the large scale four-whisker-barbus cheilus for hybridization breeding. However, the method which is too focused on the high-gray-value characteristic region can cause the phenomenon that the low-gray-value characteristic region is ignored, and can cause the problems of insufficient quantization degree and massive waste of data in the waxy scale analysis of the calculated result, but the prior art cannot solve the problems that the high-characteristic information is too focused on the application of the waxy scale and the low-characteristic information is ignored, so that the gray domain characteristics are more accurate, the adaptability to the application of the waxy scale is stronger, and the waste of the data is reduced.
Preferably, in step S300, the method for analyzing the soft glutinous characteristics of the fish scales according to the image to be measured to form the glutinous scale is as follows: dividing an original image into a plurality of areas through an edge recognition algorithm, and taking the corresponding area of each area in the image to be detected as a sub scale area of the image to be detected; if each pixel of a pixel point and eight adjacent pixels of the pixel point do not meet the condition that all pixels belong to the same sub-scale domain, defining the pixel as a domain boundary pixel; the median value of the gray values of all the pixel points in the sub-scale domain is recorded as a domain gray median value, and if the gray value of each pixel of one pixel point and the eight neighborhood thereof is larger than the domain gray median value, the pixel point is defined as an enrichment pixel of the sub-scale domain;
in a sub-scale region, the distance between the enrichment pixel and a nearest domain boundary pixel is taken as the point edge distance of the enrichment pixel; taking a pixel point set formed by one enrichment pixel and each pixel point in eight adjacent areas as a first-order boundary neighborhood of the enrichment pixel, and taking a union set of first-order boundary neighborhood of a plurality of enrichment pixels as a boundary neighborhood when the first-order boundary neighborhood of the enrichment pixels has a superposition part;
circularly searching from the sub-scale domain to obtain each boundary neighborhood, wherein the number of the neighborhood neighbors is Nen; the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the point edge distances of all the enrichment pixels in the boundary neighborhood is recorded as the boundary adjacent edge distance GLds of the boundary neighborhood, and the boundary adjacent edge distances of all the boundary neighborhood in the sub-scale area are obtained to construct a sequence and recorded as a boundary adjacent edge sequence; defining the average value of each element in the adjacent border sequence to be e.GLds, and calculating the adjacent border characteristic WQES of the current sub-scale domain:
where i1 is the accumulation variable, GLds i1 Representing the i1 st boundary adjacent edge distance in the boundary adjacent edge sequence, lg () is a logarithmic function, ER is the standard deviation of a set formed by the gray values of all pixels in the sub-scale domain, and Mcgt represents the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value in the gray values corresponding to all pixels in the sub-scale domain;
defining an average value of gray values of all pixel points in a sub-scale domain as a domain gray average value, marking the sub-scale domain with the domain gray average value of the maximum value in the image to be measured as a preferred sub-scale domain, obtaining the boundary and neighbor characteristics of each sub-scale domain, constructing a sequence and marking the sequence as a boundary and neighbor characteristic sequence; the adjacent characteristic of the preferred scale sub-domain is marked as EWQES, when one scale sub-domain meets the condition that WQES is more than or equal to EWQES, the scale sub-domain is defined as a first scale sub-domain, otherwise, the scale sub-domain is defined as a second scale sub-domain, the central position of each pixel in one scale sub-domain is used as the domain core of the scale sub-domain, and the distance between the domain cores of any two scale sub-domains is used as the core point distance of the two scale sub-domains; taking the difference value of the boundary-neighbor characteristics of the first sub-scale domain and the boundary-neighbor characteristics of the second sub-scale domain with the minimum distance from the nuclear point as the waxy characteristic GTal of the first sub-scale domain; obtaining the waxy characteristics of each first sub-scale domain to construct a sequence, namely a waxy sequence GTLs, recording the number of elements in the waxy sequence as Len. GTLs, recording the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of each element in the waxy sequence as Tcg, and calculating the waxy scale EVGQ of an image to be detected:
where i2 is the accumulation variable, mean<>Arithmetic mean function, HF<>As a harmonic mean function, ln () is a logarithmic function with natural constant e as a base, GTal i2 The i2 element in the waxy sequence is represented, TWQES and BWQES are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the adjacent characteristic sequence.
The waxy scale is calculated according to the distribution characteristic of the image saturation, so that the saturation gradient collapse trend can be accurately marked, the waxy characteristic defects of the scales can be effectively identified and the weight is reduced, the overall identification of the soft waxy characteristics of the scales can be enhanced, and the negative influence of low-relevance pixels at the edges of the scales in the image on global quantization is avoided. The quantitative effect of the image on the highlight region is improved, the accuracy of soft waxy characteristic data calculation of the fish scales is guaranteed, effective and reliable mathematical support is further provided for cross breeding of the large-scale four-whisker-cheilus and the carp required by screening, and the efficiency level or accuracy of the breeding process is improved.
Further, in step S400, breeding evaluation is performed according to the glutinous scale, and the method for selecting parent fish with high quality batch is as follows: all the sub-fishes obtained in the same period of parent fishes are used as a breeding batch, a sequence is constructed according to the corresponding waxy scales of all the sub-fishes in the same breeding batch and is recorded as a waxy sequence, the waxy sequences of the corresponding breeding batches of different parent fishes in the same period are obtained, the number of the breeding batches is Tn, tn E [5,10] breeding batches, and the median of the union of the Tn waxy sequences is recorded as mi.EVGQ;
taking the ratio of the number of elements with the value larger than mi.EVGQ in a waxy sequence of a breeding batch to the length of the waxy sequence as the seed optimizing rate PRRT of the breeding batch, obtaining the average value of Tn seed optimizing rates and recording the average value as the seed optimizing rate average value e.PRRT, and defining the breeding batch as a preferred batch if the seed optimizing rate of the breeding batch meets PRRT not less than e.PRRT; and respectively marking the maximum value and the minimum value in the optimal seed rates of each breeding batch as mz.PRRt and mn.PRRt, and defining the breeding batch as a high-quality batch and defining the fish of the breeding batch as parent fish of the high-quality batch if the optimal seed rate of one breeding batch meets PRRt not less than 2 (mz.PRRt+mn.PRRt)/Tn+mn.PRRt.
The serial numbers of the breeding batches of the preferred batches and the serial numbers of the breeding batches of the high-quality batches are respectively sent to the client; and marking the high-quality batch according to whether the breeding batch accords with the high-quality batch or not for each original image stored in the server, and marking the preferred batch according to whether the breeding batch accords with the preferred batch or not for each original image stored in the server.
Preferably, all undefined variables in the present application, if not explicitly defined, may be thresholds set manually.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: the application provides a hybridization breeding method of a four-whisker-shaped graticule and a carp, which is characterized in that on one hand, a fish scale soft glutinous characteristic of the four-whisker-shaped graticule and a carp meat quality are effectively bred, the stability of the performance of breeding the fish is improved, on the other hand, after preprocessing an acquired original image of the fish scale, an RGB color space is converted into an HSL color space which provides more color characteristic information in terms of hue, saturation, brightness and the like, and then a glutinous scale is obtained by calculating H, S, L values of all pixel points. The method has the advantages that the characteristic of softness and glutinous degree of the fish scales is quantized efficiently, the accuracy of judging whether the fish scales of the filial generation of the sinocyclocheilus grahami and the carp reach the glutinous standard is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the computer vision technology is utilized, so that the judging process is more convenient and rapid.
Drawings
The above and other features of the present application will become more apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments thereof given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate like or similar elements, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely some examples of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort to those of ordinary skill in the art, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining a high quality batch of parent fish;
Detailed Description
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects produced by the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings to fully understand the objects, aspects, and effects of the present application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining parent fish in a high quality batch, a method for cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus grahami with carp according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to fig. 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
a) Parent selection and cultivation: selecting female sinocyclocheilus grahami with the age of more than 2 winter and the weight of more than 1.5kg as parent fish of hybridization 3-4 months before hybridization breeding, wherein the female sinocyclocheilus grahami has no disease or injury and high purity; selecting male carp with winter age of more than 2 and weight of more than 1.3kg, which is free from diseases and injury, as male parent fish to be respectively placed in a cultivation pool for cultivation, keeping good water quality, water temperature of 16-24 ℃, dissolved oxygen of 6.8-7.8 mg/L and pH value of 6.8-7.2, and feeding with compound feed, wherein the compound feed comprises bran, fish meal, barley, biota, chitin, probiotics and the like;
b) Artificial induced spawning: raising the temperature to cultivate about one month before cross breeding, slowly raising the water temperature by 1 ℃ every 2 days at room temperature, and controlling the water temperature of a cultivation pool to be unchanged when the water temperature reaches 20 ℃; observing gonadal development condition of the parent fish every day, and injecting lutein-releasing hormone analogue and mixed oxytocic of chorionic gonadotrophin into the parent fish by adopting a one-needle injection method at the abdominal cavity of the non-scale part of the pectoral fin base when parent fish reproduction Kong Weigong is observed, wherein the injection amount is 3-5 mg/kg, continuously inflating a culture pond after the oxytocic, and promoting gonadal maturation of the parent fish by using a running water stimulation method;
c) Natural fertilization or artificial insemination: the natural fertilization method is that female and male parents are placed in an oviposition pond, and fertilized eggs are obtained through natural fertilization; the artificial insemination method is that the fish belly is lightly pressed, female parent large scale four-whisker-graine which is observed to have egg grains flowing out from a reproduction hole is taken out, and is fixed by a canvas stretcher; taking out the male parent carp with the fish-chasing action and large sperm yield, and carrying out artificial dry insemination with the female parent;
d) Hatching and raising: placing fertilized eggs in a hatching device for running water hatching, keeping good water quality, wherein the water temperature is 20+/-1 ℃, the dissolved oxygen of water is 7.0-8.0 mg/L, and the pH value is 6.8-7.5; feeding with feed comprising mixture of yolk, brine shrimp, bean and cypress, fish multi-vitamin and living feed of red worm and rotifer 7 days after raising young seedling.
Further, in step a), the high purity quality female sinocyclocheilus grahami is the stock sinocyclocheilus grahami.
Further, the female sinocyclocheilus grahami with high purity in the step a) is parent fish which is bred through more than two generations of families and meets the high-quality batch.
Further, in the step c), the ratio of the male parent to the female parent is 1:1-1:1.5.
The method for obtaining the parent fish of the high-quality batch comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring fish scale data through a CCD industrial camera to obtain an original image;
s200, preprocessing an original image to obtain an image to be detected;
s300, analyzing soft waxy characteristics of fish scales according to an image to be detected to form a waxy scale;
s400, breeding evaluation is carried out according to a waxy scale, and parent fishes with high quality are selected.
Further, in step S100, the method for acquiring the fish scale data by the CCD camera to obtain the original image is as follows: placing the fish to be tested on a light dispersion plate, wherein the light dispersion plate comprises any one of a diffuse reflection light dispersion plate, a micro concave convex light dispersion plate or a soft light dispersion plate, starting a light source, wherein the light source comprises any one of an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a quartz halogen lamp, a metal halide lamp or a light emitting diode, adopting a color high-resolution CCD industrial camera to collect images of the fish to be tested, and taking the obtained RGB color images as original images.
Further, in step S200, the method for preprocessing the original image to obtain the image to be measured is as follows: extracting a fish scale region of an original image through a preset virtual fish scale model, and intercepting the region as a first image, wherein the virtual fish scale model is an interested region screening algorithm based on an image segmentation technology; carrying out gray processing on the first image to obtain a gray histogram, obtaining two peak values on the histogram, respectively representing a scale part and a scale surface black dirt part, taking a gray value corresponding to a valley between the two peak values as a threshold value, taking a part larger than the threshold value as a foreground and a part smaller than the threshold value as a background, dividing the first image, and deleting the background; re-smoothing the image: filling the empty holes by morphological processing and adopting a closed operation combining corrosion operation and expansion operation, wherein the processed image is used as a second image; and converting the RGB color space of the second image into an HSL color space, extracting saturation from each pixel in the corresponding HSL image to construct an image matrix as an image to be detected, and taking the saturation of each pixel in the image to be detected as a gray value, wherein the algorithm for converting the RGB color space into the HSL color space is an ITU-R BT.709 algorithm or a cone model algorithm.
Further, in step S300, the method for analyzing the soft glutinous characteristics of the fish scales according to the image to be measured to form the glutinous scale is as follows: dividing an original image into a plurality of areas through an edge recognition algorithm, taking the corresponding area of each area in the image to be detected as a sub-scale area of the image to be detected, marking the number of the sub-scale areas as Neul, and marking the average value of the gray values of each pixel point in the sub-scale areas as a gray average pre-value Mavb; if the gray value of a pixel is larger than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood and larger than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood, defining the pixel as gray set pixels, and if the gray value of a pixel is smaller than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood and smaller than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood, defining the pixel as gray edge pixels;
the ratio of gray values of a gray set pixel to another gray edge pixel nearest to the gray set pixel in the same sub-scale domain is used as the gray domain characteristic of the gray set pixel; acquiring gray domain characteristics of each gray set pixel to construct a sequence as a gray set sequence ue_ls, marking the number of gray set sequence elements as Nech, marking the geometric average value of each element in the gray set sequence as EUedc, and calculating a waxy scale EVGQ of an image to be detected:
wherein j1 is an accumulated variable, ue_ls (j 1) represents a j 1-th element of the gray set sequence, exp () is an exponential function with a natural constant e as a base, ln () is a logarithmic function with a natural constant e as a base, ds < > is a polar difference function, and the result of the polar difference function is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the call sequence.
Preferably, in step S300, the method for analyzing the soft glutinous characteristics of the fish scales according to the image to be measured to form the glutinous scale is as follows: dividing an original image into a plurality of areas through an edge recognition algorithm, and taking the corresponding area of each area in the image to be detected as a sub scale area of the image to be detected; if each pixel of a pixel point and eight adjacent pixels of the pixel point do not meet the condition that all pixels belong to the same sub-scale domain, defining the pixel as a domain boundary pixel; the median value of the gray values of all the pixel points in the sub-scale domain is recorded as a domain gray median value, and if the gray value of each pixel of one pixel point and the eight neighborhood thereof is larger than the domain gray median value, the pixel point is defined as an enrichment pixel of the sub-scale domain;
in a sub-scale region, the distance between the enrichment pixel and a nearest domain boundary pixel is taken as the point edge distance of the enrichment pixel; taking a pixel point set formed by one enrichment pixel and each pixel point in eight adjacent areas as a first-order boundary neighborhood of the enrichment pixel, and taking a union set of first-order boundary neighborhood of a plurality of enrichment pixels as a boundary neighborhood when the first-order boundary neighborhood of the enrichment pixels has a superposition part;
circularly searching from the sub-scale domain to obtain each boundary neighborhood, wherein the number of the neighborhood neighbors is Nen; the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the point edge distances of all the enrichment pixels in the boundary neighborhood is recorded as the boundary adjacent edge distance GLds of the boundary neighborhood, and the boundary adjacent edge distances of all the boundary neighborhood in the sub-scale area are obtained to construct a sequence and recorded as a boundary adjacent edge sequence; defining the average value of each element in the adjacent border sequence to be e.GLds, and calculating the adjacent border characteristic WQES of the current sub-scale domain:
where i1 is the accumulation variable, GLds i1 Representing the i1 st boundary adjacent edge distance in the boundary adjacent edge sequence, lg () is a logarithmic function, ER is the standard deviation of a set formed by gray values of all pixels in the sub scale domain, and Mcgt represents the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the gray values of all pixels in the sub scale domain;
defining an average value of gray values of all pixel points in a sub-scale domain as a domain gray average value, marking the sub-scale domain with the domain gray average value of the maximum value in the image to be measured as a preferred sub-scale domain, obtaining the boundary and neighbor characteristics of each sub-scale domain, constructing a sequence and marking the sequence as a boundary and neighbor characteristic sequence; the boundary and neighbor characteristics of the preferred sub-scale fields are marked as EWQES, when one sub-scale field meets the condition that WQES is not less than EWQES, the sub-scale field is defined as a first sub-scale field, otherwise, the sub-scale field is defined as a second sub-scale field,
taking the central position of each pixel in one sub-scale as the domain core of the sub-scale, and taking the distance between the domain cores of any two sub-scale as the core point distance of the two sub-scale; taking the difference value of the boundary-neighbor characteristics of the first sub-scale domain and the boundary-neighbor characteristics of the second sub-scale domain with the minimum distance from the nuclear point as the waxy characteristic GTal of the first sub-scale domain; obtaining the waxy characteristics of each first sub-scale domain to construct a sequence, namely a waxy sequence GTLs, recording the number of elements in the waxy sequence as Len. GTLs, recording the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of each element in the waxy sequence as Tcg, and calculating the waxy scale EVGQ of an image to be detected:
where i2 is the accumulation variable, mean<>Arithmetic mean function, HF<>As a harmonic mean function, ln () is a logarithmic function with natural constant e as a base, GTal i2 The i2 element in the waxy sequence is represented, TWQES and BWQES are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the adjacent characteristic sequence.
Further, in step S400, breeding evaluation is performed according to the glutinous scale, and the method for selecting parent fish with high quality batch is as follows: all the sub-fishes obtained in the same period of parent fishes are used as a breeding batch, a sequence is constructed according to the corresponding waxy scales of all the sub-fishes in the same breeding batch and is recorded as a waxy sequence, the waxy sequences of the corresponding breeding batches of different parent fishes in the same period are obtained, the number of the breeding batches is Tn, tn E [5,10] breeding batches, and the median of the union of the Tn waxy sequences is recorded as mi.EVGQ;
taking the ratio of the number of elements with the value larger than mi.EVGQ in a waxy sequence of a breeding batch to the length of the waxy sequence as the seed optimizing rate PRRT of the breeding batch, obtaining the average value of Tn seed optimizing rates and recording the average value as the seed optimizing rate average value e.PRRT, and defining the breeding batch as a preferred batch if the seed optimizing rate of the breeding batch meets PRRT not less than e.PRRT; and respectively marking the maximum value and the minimum value in the optimal seed rates of each breeding batch as mz.PRRt and mn.PRRt, and defining the breeding batch as a high-quality batch and defining the fish of the breeding batch as parent fish of the high-quality batch if the optimal seed rate of one breeding batch meets PRRt not less than 2 (mz.PRRt+mn.PRRt)/Tn+mn.PRRt.
The serial numbers of the breeding batches of the preferred batches and the serial numbers of the breeding batches of the high-quality batches are respectively sent to the client; and marking the high-quality batch according to whether the breeding batch accords with the high-quality batch or not for each original image stored in the server, and marking the preferred batch according to whether the breeding batch accords with the preferred batch or not for each original image stored in the server.
Although the present application has been described in considerable detail and with particularity with respect to several described embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to any such detail or embodiment or any particular embodiment so as to effectively cover the intended scope of the application. Furthermore, the foregoing description of the application has been presented in its embodiments contemplated by the inventors for the purpose of providing a useful description, and for the purposes of providing a non-essential modification of the application that may not be presently contemplated, may represent an equivalent modification of the application.
Claims (7)
1. A method for crossbreeding a sinocyclocheilus grahami and a carp, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) Parent selection and cultivation: selecting female sinocyclocheilus grahami with the age of more than 3 winter and the weight of more than 1.5kg as parent fish of hybridization 3-4 months before hybridization breeding, wherein the female sinocyclocheilus grahami has no disease or injury and high purity; selecting male carp with winter age of more than 2 and weight of more than 1.3kg, which is free from diseases and injury, as male parent fish to be respectively placed in a cultivation pool for cultivation, keeping good water quality, water temperature of 16-24 ℃, dissolved oxygen of 6.8-7.8 mg/L and pH value of 6.8-7.2, and feeding with compound feed, wherein the compound feed comprises bran, fish meal, barley, biota, chitin, probiotics and the like;
b) Artificial induced spawning: raising the temperature to cultivate about one month before cross breeding, slowly raising the water temperature by 1 ℃ every 2 days at room temperature, and controlling the water temperature of a cultivation pool to be unchanged when the water temperature reaches 20 ℃; observing gonadal development condition of the parent fish every day, and injecting lutein-releasing hormone analogue and mixed oxytocic of chorionic gonadotrophin into the parent fish by adopting a one-needle injection method at the abdominal cavity of the non-scale part of the pectoral fin base when parent fish reproduction Kong Weigong is observed, wherein the injection amount is 3-5 mg/kg, continuously inflating a culture pond after the oxytocic, and promoting gonadal maturation of the parent fish by using a running water stimulation method;
c) Natural fertilization or artificial insemination: the natural fertilization method is that female and male parents are placed in an oviposition pond, and fertilized eggs are obtained through natural fertilization; the artificial insemination method is that the fish belly is lightly pressed, female parent large scale four-whisker-graine which is observed to have egg grains flowing out from a reproduction hole is taken out, and is fixed by a canvas stretcher; taking out the male parent carp with the fish-chasing action and large sperm yield, and carrying out artificial dry insemination with the female parent;
d) Hatching and raising: placing fertilized eggs in a hatching device for running water hatching, keeping good water quality, wherein the water temperature is 20+/-1 ℃, the dissolved oxygen of water is 7.0-8.0 mg/L, and the pH value is 6.8-7.5; feeding with feed comprising mixture of yolk, brine shrimp, bean and cypress, fish multi-vitamin and living feed of red worm and rotifer 7 days after raising young seedling.
2. The method of cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus capitatus and carp according to claim 1, wherein in step a) the female sinocyclocheilus capitatus of high purity is the stock sinocyclocheilus capitatus.
3. The method for cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus capitatus and carp according to claim 1, wherein the female sinocyclocheilus capitatus with high purity in the step a) is parent fish which is bred by more than two generations of families and meets the high quality batch.
4. The method for cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the male parent to the female parent in the step c) is 1:1-1:1.5.
5. The method for cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp according to claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the parent fish in the high-quality batch in the step a) is as follows:
s100, acquiring fish scale data through a CCD industrial camera to obtain an original image;
s200, preprocessing an original image to obtain an image to be detected;
s300, analyzing soft waxy characteristics of fish scales according to an image to be detected to form a waxy scale;
s400, breeding evaluation is carried out according to a waxy scale, and parent fishes with high quality are selected.
6. The method for cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp according to claim 5, wherein in step S300, the soft waxy characteristics of the fish scales are analyzed according to the image to be tested, and the method for forming waxy scales is as follows: dividing an original image into a plurality of areas through an edge recognition algorithm, taking the corresponding area of each area in the image to be detected as a sub-scale area of the image to be detected, marking the number of the sub-scale areas as Neul, and marking the average value of the gray values of each pixel point in the sub-scale areas as a gray average pre-value Mavb; if the gray value of a pixel is larger than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood and larger than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood, defining the pixel as gray set pixels, and if the gray value of a pixel is smaller than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood and smaller than the gray value of each pixel in the eight neighborhood, defining the pixel as gray edge pixels;
the ratio of gray values of a gray set pixel to another gray edge pixel nearest to the gray set pixel in the same sub-scale domain is used as the gray domain characteristic of the gray set pixel; the gray domain characteristics of each gray set pixel are obtained to construct a sequence as a gray set sequence ue_ls, the number of gray set sequence elements is recorded as Nech, the geometric average value of each element in the gray set sequence is recorded as EUedc, and the waxy scale of the image to be detected is calculated according to the gray average value and the gray domain characteristics.
7. The method for cross-breeding of sinocyclocheilus grahami and carp according to claim 5, wherein in step S400, the method for selecting parent fish of high quality batch according to the glutinous scale is: all the sub-fishes obtained in the same period of parent fishes are used as a breeding batch, a sequence is constructed according to the corresponding waxy scales of all the sub-fishes in the same breeding batch and is recorded as a waxy sequence, the waxy sequences of the corresponding breeding batches of different parent fishes in the same period are obtained, the number of the breeding batches is Tn, tn E [5,10] breeding batches, and the median of the union of the Tn waxy sequences is recorded as mi.EVGQ;
taking the ratio of the number of elements with the value larger than mi.EVGQ in a waxy sequence of a breeding batch to the length of the waxy sequence as the seed optimizing rate PRRT of the breeding batch, obtaining the average value of Tn seed optimizing rates and recording the average value as the seed optimizing rate average value e.PRRT, and defining the breeding batch as a preferred batch if the seed optimizing rate of the breeding batch meets PRRT not less than e.PRRT; and respectively recording the maximum value and the minimum value in the optimal seed rate of each breeding batch as mz.PRRt and mn.PRRt, and defining the fish of one breeding batch as parent fish of a high-quality batch if the optimal seed rate of the breeding batch meets PRRt not less than 2 (mz.PRRt+mn.PRRt)/Tn+mn.PRRt.
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