CN112740866A - Nutrient solution for plants and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a nutrient solution for plants and a using method thereof, wherein the nutrient solution for plants is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of manganese, 0.2-3% of copper, 0.5-4% of zinc, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-3% of phosphorus, 0.5-6% of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.6-5% of boron, 0.3-5% of micro-protein, 0.1-3% of organic acid, 0.2-4% of stabilizer, 0.3-6% of spreader, 0.2-4% of molybdenum, 0.3-6% of potassium and 0.5-6% of germanium. Has the advantages that: the invention can have good resistance effect on continuous cropping diseases and reduce the occurrence of physiological diseases of crops; the agricultural products can be promoted to be mature 3-20 days in advance on the premise of ensuring the quality and taste of the agricultural products; the cold resistance, drought resistance and lodging resistance of agricultural products can be greatly improved; can activate soil, and has no hardening and hardening, and can be mixed with various fertilizers and pesticides to improve fertilizer efficiency by more than 30%, reduce pesticide consumption by 80%, and fertilizer consumption by 60%.

Description

Nutrient solution for plants and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant culture, in particular to a nutrient solution for plants and a using method thereof.

Background

The development mechanism of the nutrient solution for plants is that according to the 'barrel' theory of nutrients required by plant growth, the essence of traditional Chinese medicine is adopted, and the compatibility of pure traditional Chinese medicines is utilized to ensure that all nutrient elements are mutually generated and not restrained, thereby overcoming the ubiquitous antagonism of plants in the process of absorbing the nutrient elements. The fertilizer is used for fertilizing crops, the nutrition absorbed by the crops is comprehensive and balanced, thereby effectively overcoming the defects that hundreds of similar products in domestic and foreign markets mostly promote growth by hormone and cannot be mixed with most of pesticides for use, and remarkably improving and increasing the fertilizer efficiency and the pesticide effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:

the nutrient solution for the plants is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of manganese, 0.2-3% of copper, 0.5-4% of zinc, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-3% of phosphorus, 0.5-6% of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.6-5% of boron, 0.3-5% of micro-protein, 0.1-3% of organic acid, 0.2-4% of stabilizer, 0.3-6% of spreader, 0.2-4% of molybdenum, 0.3-6% of potassium and 0.5-6% of germanium.

Preferably, the plant nutrient solution is light yellow powder, and the pH value is neutral.

The using method of the nutrient solution for the plants comprises the following classification steps:

(I) food crops

(1) Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with improved resistance to stress

The fertilization of rice should be varied according to the variety, region, fertilization level, soil characteristics, yield level, etc. If the same amount of rice is produced, the rice needs more nitrogen and less potassium than indica rice and late rice and north rice and south rice; the south has a greater demand for trace elements than the north. These factors should be taken into account when fertilizing.

【1】 Fertilizing of rice seedling bed

Step 1: seed dressing: mixing 100 g of nutrient solution with 20-25 kg of rice seeds, adding a proper amount of water, fully stirring, striving to make the nutrient solution uniformly adhere to the surfaces of the rice seeds, drying in the shade, and then sowing;

step 2: seed soaking: adding 40 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution, then adding a proper amount of seeds, preferably fully submerging the seeds in the water, generally soaking for 24-28 hours, taking out the seeds, accelerating germination or directly sowing (one of seed mixing and seed soaking can be selected, and the two methods are not forbidden to be used simultaneously);

and step 3: breaking milk fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is used from two leaves to one heart to three leaves of seedlings, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea are added to the seedlings for foliage spraying per mu;

and 4, step 4: and (3) seedling strengthening fertilizer: the fertilizer is applied three days before transplanting rice seedlings, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of rice seedlings for foliage spraying.

【2】 Fertilizer for field application

Step 1: dipping seedling roots: adding 30-40 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution, adding a proper amount of fine soil and forming slurry (preferably adding a small amount of organic fertilizer), and keeping seedlings while dipping and transplanting;

step 2: topdressing: when the nutrient solution is used for topdressing, the nutrient solution is mainly sprayed on leaf surfaces, the spraying frequency is determined according to the growth period, generally early rice is sprayed for 3 times, and middle and late rice is sprayed for 4-5 times, and the specific spraying period and method are as follows:

fertilizing in a tillering stage: the method is carried out 7-10 days after the transplanting, and 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea per mu, and the foliage spraying is carried out.

Secondly, fertilizing in a node shifting period: the method is carried out 3-5 days before jointing, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 500 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Thirdly, fertilizing in the heading and flowering stage: the method is carried out 3-5 days before ear sprouting and comprises the steps of adding 30 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution and 400 g of urea into each mu of the nutrient solution, and spraying the nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces.

Fourthly, grouting fertilizer: the method is carried out 5-7 days after ear leveling, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Note: 1. the amount of hybrid rice is increased by 20% based on the conventional rice.

2. According to the method, the nutrient solution is used in the whole process, and the common rice blast, bacterial leaf blight, leaf spot of flax and other diseases of the rice can be effectively prevented and treated, so that the using amount of the pesticide is greatly reduced, the quality and taste of the rice and the thousand-grain weight of the rice are improved, and the yield increase amplitude reaches more than 30%.

(II) leguminous crops

(1) Soybean

【1】 Fertilization of spring soybean

Step 1: seed dressing: 100 g of nutrient solution is added with proper amount of water to mix seeds for 20 kg;

step 2: topdressing:

promoting seedling and fertilizer: after the soybean seedlings are grown, 50 kg of water and 250 g of urea are added into 100 g of nutrient solution per mu, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaves.

② initial flowering period: when 20% of plants bloom in the field, the fertilizer is applied by adding 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company and spraying the fertilizer on leaf surfaces per mu.

③ promoting the pod fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied from the time of planting flowers to the initial pod stage, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 300 g of urea are added to leaf surface spraying per mu.

Fourthly, swelling granular fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied 20 days after the pod promoting fertilizer is applied, and the fertilizer application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

【2】 Summer and autumn soybean fertilizer application

Step 1: seed dressing: mixing 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited with a small amount of water for 20-25 kg of seeds;

step 2: topdressing:

seedling fertilizer: when 4-5 true leaves grow out, the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 50 kg of water and 150 g of urea and sprayed on the leaves per mu.

② flower-preserving fertilizer: generally applied in the initial flowering period, the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology limited company is added with 45 kg of water and 100 g of urea to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

③ promoting the pod fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied from the final flowering stage to the initial pod stage by adding 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agricultural science and technology Limited company and spraying the fertilizer on the leaf surface per mu.

Fourthly, swelling granular fertilizer: generally, the method is carried out 20 days after the pod promoting fertilizer is applied, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 30 kg of water and 300 g of urea is sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

(III) commercial crop

(1) Cotton

【1】 Open-air cotton

The cotton has long growth period, strong seedlings are required to grow early in the seedling period, seedlings grow stably in the bud period, and fertilizer is required to be the most in the boll period, so that the bare cotton is required to adopt a sufficient, light, stable, heavy and supplementary fertilizing mode, light seedling fertilizer is applied early, bud fertilizer is applied stably when seedlings are seen, boll fertilizer is applied heavily, and top fertilizer is applied secondarily.

Step 1: seed soaking: dissolving the nutrient solution into 600-800 times of aqueous solution, soaking seeds for 10-12 hours, taking out the seeds for accelerating germination, and then sowing the seeds;

step 2: topdressing:

seedling fertilizer: the principle of early application, light application and partial application should be mastered. In the double cropping cotton field, the base fertilizer is generally used in a small amount or is not applied, and the additional fertilizer is applied when the seedlings emerge at 60% or are aligned, wherein the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is used per mu, 60 kg of water is added, 100 g of urea is added, and the foliage spray is carried out. The first-maturing cotton field is generally applied after the seedlings are aligned and 2-3 true leaves are planted in the cotton field. The method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 60 kg of water and 150 g of urea to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

② bud fertilizer: the bud fertilizer is used for mastering the principle of stable seedling application, so that the nutrient requirement for stable growth of cotton seedlings is met. But also prevent the cotton seedlings from overgrowing. Bud fertilizers are generally applied to the cotton double cropping area and the cotton area in the yellow river basin in the south before and after the full bud period. The method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu. Since the growth period of the extremely early maturing cotton in the north is short, bud fertilizer should be applied early and can be applied after the bud period.

③ boll period: the application time of the flower boll fertilizer is very critical, and the appropriate fertilization time ensures that the fertilizer efficiency not only meets the requirements of flower blossoming and boll bearing, but also avoids the peak period of natural growth of cotton plants and avoids the vigorous growth of cotton plants.

The cotton boll fertilizer in cotton areas in the south is mostly applied for 1-2 times from the initial flowering stage to the full flowering stage. The flower bell fertilizer in the cotton area of the yellow river basin is generally applied again in the initial flowering period, and the cotton field with high fertilizer and water and the cotton plants grow vigorously are properly postponed until the lower parts of the cotton plants sit for 1-2 big bolls; the specific application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is mixed with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Fourthly, covering a top with fertilizer: after the cotton is full of flowers, a large amount of cotton bolls are formed and grow rapidly, more nutrients are needed, and at the moment, top fertilizers are supplemented, so that the cotton is premature and does not senilism, and autumn peaches are strived for to be sat for more, and the boll weight and the clothes score are increased. The application time of the top-dressing fertilizer is about 8 months and 10 days in the northern cotton area and about 8 months and 15 days in the southern cotton area. The application method is that 200 g of nutrient solution is added with 60 kg of water and 250-500 g of urea is added to foliage spray per mu.

【2】 Mulching film cotton

After the cotton is cultivated by mulching, the seedlings are strong and early-growing, but are easy to thrive in the early period and easy to senilism in the later period, so that a sufficient, controlled and heavy fertilizing method is mostly adopted.

Step 1: dissolving the nutrient solution into 600-800 times of aqueous solution, soaking a proper amount of cotton seeds (preferably just submerging the seeds) for 10-12 hours, taking out, accelerating germination and sowing;

step 2: topdressing: the mulching film cotton top dressing should control seedling fertilizer and bud fertilizer.

Firstly, the boll stage: the floral bell fertilizer is generally used twice, the first time is in the initial flowering period, and the second time is in the full flowering period. The application method of the initial flower fertilizer is that 100 g of nutrient solution is mixed with 40 kg of water and 150 g of urea is added to the leaf surface of each mu of the fertilizer for spraying.

Fourthly, covering a top with fertilizer: generally, the nutrient solution is applied about 15 days after full-bloom period, and if the nutrient solution is directly used for seedling culture in a seedbed field, 800-1000 g of the nutrient solution is applied to each mu of seedbed field and is uniformly mixed with various organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers to be used as a base fertilizer. And (3) applying seedling fertilizer 4-5 days before transplanting in the seedbed stage, wherein the method comprises the steps of adding 50 kg of water and 150 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution per mu, and spraying the fertilizer on leaf surfaces.

(IV) fruit tree crops

(1) Apple (Malus pumila)

Step 1: base fertilizer: the application period is preferably autumn, the specific time is determined according to the phenological period, the root can be cut off, the new root can be quickly healed, and the overground part can not cause autumn shoots any more due to the temperature reduction, and the early application is preferably performed on the premise. Because the root system is applied appropriately and early to correct the growth peak, the broken root is easy to heal and grow, the fertilizer is fully decomposed, can be absorbed by the tree body in time in the next spring, and is very beneficial to sprouting, flowering and fruit setting, the specific application method is that 10-15 g of nutrient solution is applied to each plant of the young tree, 15-20 g of nutrient solution is applied to each plant of the adult tree, and the nutrient solution is uniformly mixed with a proper amount of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer and applied to the fertilizing ditch, wherein three common ditch application methods, namely radial ditch application, annular ditch application and strip ditch application, are adopted in the production;

the radial furrow application is to dig 4-6 furrows with the length of about 100 cm, the width of 30 cm and the depth of 20-30 cm around the tree, apply the mixed fertilizer into the furrows and then cover the soil; the fertilization in the next year is staggered with the fertilization ditch in the last year. The depth of the fertilizing ditch is about 30-40 cm when the annular ditch is applied, the depth of the fertilizing ditch is 30-40 cm, the width and the depth of the strip-shaped ditch are about 20-30 cm when the strip-shaped ditch is applied, and the length of the ditch is determined according to the size of the crown;

step 2: topdressing

In order to promote the growth of branches of the young trees which are being shaped, 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 250 g of urea before the growth of new shoots (3 months) to irrigate the roots; in the vigorous growth period (5 months), the nutrient solution can be 100 g, added with 40 kg of water and 200 g of urea and sprayed on the leaf surface. For promoting the formation of flower buds and improving the fruit setting rate of trees in the later year and the crown pressing period of the tree form to achieve the purpose of pressing crowns, 100 g of nutrient solution, 30 kg of water and 250 g of urea can be added to the trees and sprayed on the leaf surfaces before blooming, before flower bud differentiation and after autumn tips stop growing;

the frequency of topdressing should be properly increased due to the increase of the yield of the trees in the full bearing period;

firstly, fertilizing the flowers: generally applied before flowering, aiming at promoting the differentiation and formation of flowers, so that the flowers can blossoms and are well bloomed, and the fertilizing method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 40 kg of water and 250 g of urea to be sprayed on leaf surfaces;

② sprout promoting fertilizer: before flower bud differentiation, aiming at flower bud differentiation formation, the application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 40 kg of water and 150 g of urea, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on leaf surfaces;

③ promoting fruit and preserving fruit fertilizer: the fertilizer is applied in the fruit expanding period by spraying foliage with 100 g of nutrient solution, 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea and spraying the foliage once every 10 days;

fourthly, the health care fertilizer: typically applied after harvest. After the apples are harvested, on one hand, a large amount of mineral nutrition is taken away, on the other hand, the planting injury of fruit trees is inevitably caused, and the purpose of applying the health-care fertilizer is to supplement the nutrition and lay a good foundation for the growth in the spring of the next year. The specific method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea and sprayed on the foliage.

Note: if the nutrient solution is applied to the apple trees by the method, the apple trees have good prevention and auxiliary treatment effects on various diseases such as ring rot, anthracnose, bitter pox, yellow leaf, root rot and the like.

Furthermore, the nutrient solution is used as a base fertilizer, and contains various nutrient elements required by crop growth, and the nutrient elements have no antagonism, so that the crop can comprehensively and uniformly absorb various nutrients, on one hand, the problem of nutrient deficiency caused by the year-round seeds is solved, the disease resistance of the crop is also improved, and a good effect of resisting against the stubble diseases is achieved.

Furthermore, the nutrient solution contains various nutrient elements required by the growth of crops, and the nutrient solution can be used for fertilizing the crops, so that the growth and development of the crops are natural and fast due to the fact that the nutrient solution can meet the requirements of the crops on various nutrients.

Furthermore, the nutrient solution contains more than thirty trace elements, particularly metal elements such as potassium and calcium which can increase the stress resistance of crops, and the content is higher; potassium ions are important components forming the cell penetration potential, and in the root, the potassium ions are transported to xylem from the thin-wall cells, so that the water potential of the xylem is reduced, water can be transported to the xylem from the root system, and under the condition of insufficient soil moisture, the water absorption capacity of the root system is increased, namely the drought resistance is enhanced; calcium is the main component of cell wall calcium pectate, and when the calcium supply is sufficient, the cell wall calcium pectate provides sufficient substances for building cell walls, so that the cell walls are hard in texture, and the resistance to lodging, namely lodging resistance, is enhanced.

Furthermore, the Chinese herbal medicine components of the nutrient solution can increase the population quantity of beneficial microorganisms in soil, improve the mineralization degree of the soil and gradually restore the hardened soil to the original proper tightness; the nutrient solution contains complexing agent, activating agent and spreader, which can enhance the physiological activity of the pesticide and increase the adhesion strength and time of the pesticide on the leaves, thereby improving the pesticide effect of the pesticide; the medium and trace elements contained in the nutrient solution and major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like form a nutrient balance system, so that the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants is promoted, and the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer is improved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention can have good resistance effect on continuous cropping diseases and reduce the occurrence of physiological diseases of crops;

2. the invention can promote the agricultural products to mature 3-20 days in advance on the premise of ensuring the quality and the taste of the agricultural products;

3. the invention can greatly improve the cold resistance, drought resistance and lodging resistance of agricultural products;

4. the invention can activate soil, does not harden and does not harden, can be mixed with various chemical fertilizers and pesticides, can improve the fertilizer efficiency, has the pesticide effect more than 30 percent, and reduces the pesticide dosage by 80 percent and the chemical fertilizer dosage by 60 percent.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

The nutrient solution for the plants is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of manganese, 0.2-3% of copper, 0.5-4% of zinc, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-3% of phosphorus, 0.5-6% of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.6-5% of boron, 0.3-5% of micro-protein, 0.1-3% of organic acid, 0.2-4% of stabilizer, 0.3-6% of spreader, 0.2-4% of molybdenum, 0.3-6% of potassium and 0.5-6% of germanium.

Preferably, the plant nutrient solution is light yellow powder, and the pH value is neutral.

The using method of the nutrient solution for the plants comprises the following classification steps:

(I) food crops

(1) Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with improved resistance to stress

The fertilization of rice should be varied according to the variety, region, fertilization level, soil characteristics, yield level, etc. If the same amount of rice is produced, the rice needs more nitrogen and less potassium than indica rice and late rice and north rice and south rice; the south has a greater demand for trace elements than the north. These factors should be taken into account when fertilizing.

【1】 Fertilizing of rice seedling bed

Step 1: seed dressing: mixing 100 g of nutrient solution with 20-25 kg of rice seeds, adding a proper amount of water, fully stirring, striving to make the nutrient solution uniformly adhere to the surfaces of the rice seeds, drying in the shade, and then sowing;

step 2: seed soaking: adding 40 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution, then adding a proper amount of seeds, preferably fully submerging the seeds in the water, generally soaking for 24-28 hours, taking out the seeds, accelerating germination or directly sowing (one of seed mixing and seed soaking can be selected, and the two methods are not forbidden to be used simultaneously);

and step 3: breaking milk fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is used from two leaves to one heart to three leaves of seedlings, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea are added to the seedlings for foliage spraying per mu;

and 4, step 4: and (3) seedling strengthening fertilizer: the fertilizer is applied three days before transplanting rice seedlings, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of rice seedlings for foliage spraying.

【2】 Fertilizer for field application

Step 1: dipping seedling roots: adding 30-40 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution, adding a proper amount of fine soil and forming slurry (preferably adding a small amount of organic fertilizer), and keeping seedlings while dipping and transplanting;

step 2: topdressing: when the nutrient solution is used for topdressing, the nutrient solution is mainly sprayed on leaf surfaces, the spraying frequency is determined according to the growth period, generally early rice is sprayed for 3 times, and middle and late rice is sprayed for 4-5 times, and the specific spraying period and method are as follows:

fertilizing in a tillering stage: the method is carried out 7-10 days after the transplanting, and 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea per mu, and the foliage spraying is carried out.

Secondly, fertilizing in a node shifting period: the method is carried out 3-5 days before jointing, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 500 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Thirdly, fertilizing in the heading and flowering stage: the method is carried out 3-5 days before ear sprouting and comprises the steps of adding 30 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution and 400 g of urea into each mu of the nutrient solution, and spraying the nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces.

Fourthly, grouting fertilizer: the method is carried out 5-7 days after ear leveling, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Note: 1. the amount of hybrid rice is increased by 20% based on the conventional rice.

2. According to the method, the nutrient solution is used in the whole process, and the common rice blast, bacterial leaf blight, leaf spot of flax and other diseases of the rice can be effectively prevented and treated, so that the using amount of the pesticide is greatly reduced, the quality and taste of the rice and the thousand-grain weight of the rice are improved, and the yield increase amplitude reaches more than 30%.

(II) leguminous crops

(1) Soybean

【1】 Fertilization of spring soybean

Step 1: seed dressing: 100 g of nutrient solution is added with proper amount of water to mix seeds for 20 kg;

step 2: topdressing:

promoting seedling and fertilizer: after the soybean seedlings are grown, 50 kg of water and 250 g of urea are added into 100 g of nutrient solution per mu, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaves.

② initial flowering period: when 20% of plants bloom in the field, the fertilizer is applied by adding 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company and spraying the fertilizer on leaf surfaces per mu.

③ promoting the pod fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied from the time of planting flowers to the initial pod stage, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 300 g of urea are added to leaf surface spraying per mu.

Fourthly, swelling granular fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied 20 days after the pod promoting fertilizer is applied, and the fertilizer application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

【2】 Summer and autumn soybean fertilizer application

Step 1: seed dressing: mixing 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited with a small amount of water for 20-25 kg of seeds;

step 2: topdressing:

seedling fertilizer: when 4-5 true leaves grow out, the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 50 kg of water and 150 g of urea and sprayed on the leaves per mu.

② flower-preserving fertilizer: generally applied in the initial flowering period, the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology limited company is added with 45 kg of water and 100 g of urea to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

③ promoting the pod fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied from the final flowering stage to the initial pod stage by adding 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agricultural science and technology Limited company and spraying the fertilizer on the leaf surface per mu.

Fourthly, swelling granular fertilizer: generally, the method is carried out 20 days after the pod promoting fertilizer is applied, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 30 kg of water and 300 g of urea is sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

(III) commercial crop

(1) Cotton

【1】 Open-air cotton

The cotton has long growth period, strong seedlings are required to grow early in the seedling period, seedlings grow stably in the bud period, and fertilizer is required to be the most in the boll period, so that the bare cotton is required to adopt a sufficient, light, stable, heavy and supplementary fertilizing mode, light seedling fertilizer is applied early, bud fertilizer is applied stably when seedlings are seen, boll fertilizer is applied heavily, and top fertilizer is applied secondarily.

Step 1: seed soaking: dissolving the nutrient solution into 600-800 times of aqueous solution, soaking seeds for 10-12 hours, taking out the seeds for accelerating germination, and then sowing the seeds;

step 2: topdressing:

seedling fertilizer: the principle of early application, light application and partial application should be mastered. In the double cropping cotton field, the base fertilizer is generally used in a small amount or is not applied, and the additional fertilizer is applied when the seedlings emerge at 60% or are aligned, wherein the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is used per mu, 60 kg of water is added, 100 g of urea is added, and the foliage spray is carried out. The first-maturing cotton field is generally applied after the seedlings are aligned and 2-3 true leaves are planted in the cotton field. The method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 60 kg of water and 150 g of urea to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

② bud fertilizer: the bud fertilizer is used for mastering the principle of stable seedling application, so that the nutrient requirement for stable growth of cotton seedlings is met. But also prevent the cotton seedlings from overgrowing. Bud fertilizers are generally applied to the cotton double cropping area and the cotton area in the yellow river basin in the south before and after the full bud period. The method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu. Since the growth period of the extremely early maturing cotton in the north is short, bud fertilizer should be applied early and can be applied after the bud period.

③ boll period: the application time of the flower boll fertilizer is very critical, and the appropriate fertilization time ensures that the fertilizer efficiency not only meets the requirements of flower blossoming and boll bearing, but also avoids the peak period of natural growth of cotton plants and avoids the vigorous growth of cotton plants.

The cotton boll fertilizer in cotton areas in the south is mostly applied for 1-2 times from the initial flowering stage to the full flowering stage. The flower bell fertilizer in the cotton area of the yellow river basin is generally applied again in the initial flowering period, and the cotton field with high fertilizer and water and the cotton plants grow vigorously are properly postponed until the lower parts of the cotton plants sit for 1-2 big bolls; the specific application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is mixed with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Fourthly, covering a top with fertilizer: after the cotton is full of flowers, a large amount of cotton bolls are formed and grow rapidly, more nutrients are needed, and at the moment, top fertilizers are supplemented, so that the cotton is premature and does not senilism, and autumn peaches are strived for to be sat for more, and the boll weight and the clothes score are increased. The application time of the top-dressing fertilizer is about 8 months and 10 days in the northern cotton area and about 8 months and 15 days in the southern cotton area. The application method is that 200 g of nutrient solution is added with 60 kg of water and 250-500 g of urea is added to foliage spray per mu.

【2】 Mulching film cotton

After the cotton is cultivated by mulching, the seedlings are strong and early-growing, but are easy to thrive in the early period and easy to senilism in the later period, so that a sufficient, controlled and heavy fertilizing method is mostly adopted.

Step 1: dissolving the nutrient solution into 600-800 times of aqueous solution, soaking a proper amount of cotton seeds (preferably just submerging the seeds) for 10-12 hours, taking out, accelerating germination and sowing;

step 2: topdressing: the mulching film cotton top dressing should control seedling fertilizer and bud fertilizer.

Firstly, the boll stage: the floral bell fertilizer is generally used twice, the first time is in the initial flowering period, and the second time is in the full flowering period. The application method of the initial flower fertilizer is that 100 g of nutrient solution is mixed with 40 kg of water and 150 g of urea is added to the leaf surface of each mu of the fertilizer for spraying.

Fourthly, covering a top with fertilizer: generally, the nutrient solution is applied about 15 days after full-bloom period, and if the nutrient solution is directly used for seedling culture in a seedbed field, 800-1000 g of the nutrient solution is applied to each mu of seedbed field and is uniformly mixed with various organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers to be used as a base fertilizer. And (3) applying seedling fertilizer 4-5 days before transplanting in the seedbed stage, wherein the method comprises the steps of adding 50 kg of water and 150 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution per mu, and spraying the fertilizer on leaf surfaces.

(IV) fruit tree crops

(1) Apple (Malus pumila)

Step 1: base fertilizer: the application period is preferably autumn, the specific time is determined according to the phenological period, the root can be cut off, the new root can be quickly healed, and the overground part can not cause autumn shoots any more due to the temperature reduction, and the early application is preferably performed on the premise. Because the root system is applied appropriately and early to correct the growth peak, the broken root is easy to heal and grow, the fertilizer is fully decomposed, can be absorbed by the tree body in time in the next spring, and is very beneficial to sprouting, flowering and fruit setting, the specific application method is that 10-15 g of nutrient solution is applied to each plant of the young tree, 15-20 g of nutrient solution is applied to each plant of the adult tree, and the nutrient solution is uniformly mixed with a proper amount of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer and applied to the fertilizing ditch, wherein three common ditch application methods, namely radial ditch application, annular ditch application and strip ditch application, are adopted in the production;

the radial furrow application is to dig 4-6 furrows with the length of about 100 cm, the width of 30 cm and the depth of 20-30 cm around the tree, apply the mixed fertilizer into the furrows and then cover the soil; the fertilization in the next year is staggered with the fertilization ditch in the last year. The depth of the fertilizing ditch is about 30-40 cm when the annular ditch is applied, the depth of the fertilizing ditch is 30-40 cm, the width and the depth of the strip-shaped ditch are about 20-30 cm when the strip-shaped ditch is applied, and the length of the ditch is determined according to the size of the crown;

step 2: topdressing

In order to promote the growth of branches of the young trees which are being shaped, 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 250 g of urea before the growth of new shoots (3 months) to irrigate the roots; in the vigorous growth period (5 months), the nutrient solution can be 100 g, added with 40 kg of water and 200 g of urea and sprayed on the leaf surface. For promoting the formation of flower buds and improving the fruit setting rate of trees in the later year and the crown pressing period of the tree form to achieve the purpose of pressing crowns, 100 g of nutrient solution, 30 kg of water and 250 g of urea can be added to the trees and sprayed on the leaf surfaces before blooming, before flower bud differentiation and after autumn tips stop growing;

the frequency of topdressing should be properly increased due to the increase of the yield of the trees in the full bearing period;

firstly, fertilizing the flowers: generally applied before flowering, aiming at promoting the differentiation and formation of flowers, so that the flowers can blossoms and are well bloomed, and the fertilizing method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 40 kg of water and 250 g of urea to be sprayed on leaf surfaces;

② sprout promoting fertilizer: before flower bud differentiation, aiming at flower bud differentiation formation, the application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 40 kg of water and 150 g of urea, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on leaf surfaces;

③ promoting fruit and preserving fruit fertilizer: the fertilizer is applied in the fruit expanding period by spraying foliage with 100 g of nutrient solution, 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea and spraying the foliage once every 10 days;

fourthly, the health care fertilizer: typically applied after harvest. After the apples are harvested, on one hand, a large amount of mineral nutrition is taken away, on the other hand, the planting injury of fruit trees is inevitably caused, and the purpose of applying the health-care fertilizer is to supplement the nutrition and lay a good foundation for the growth in the spring of the next year. The specific method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea and sprayed on the foliage.

Note: if the nutrient solution is applied to the apple trees by the method, the apple trees have good prevention and auxiliary treatment effects on various diseases such as ring rot, anthracnose, bitter pox, yellow leaf, root rot and the like.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (3)

1. The nutrient solution for plants is characterized in that: the nutrient solution for plants is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of manganese, 0.2-3% of copper, 0.5-4% of zinc, 0.1-2% of iron, 0.1-3% of phosphorus, 0.5-6% of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.6-5% of boron, 0.3-5% of micro-protein, 0.1-3% of organic acid, 0.2-4% of stabilizer, 0.3-6% of spreader, 0.2-4% of molybdenum, 0.3-6% of potassium and 0.5-6% of germanium.

2. The nutrient solution for plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plant nutrient solution is light yellow powder, and has neutral pH value.

3. The method of using the nutrient solution for plants according to claims 1-2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following classification steps:

(I) food crops

(1) Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with improved resistance to stress

The fertilization of rice should be varied according to the variety, region, fertilization level, soil characteristics, yield level, etc. If the same amount of rice is produced, the rice needs more nitrogen and less potassium than indica rice and late rice and north rice and south rice; the south has a greater demand for trace elements than the north. These factors should be taken into account when fertilizing.

【1】 Fertilizing of rice seedling bed

Step 1: seed dressing: mixing 100 g of nutrient solution with 20-25 kg of rice seeds, adding a proper amount of water, fully stirring, striving to make the nutrient solution uniformly adhere to the surfaces of the rice seeds, drying in the shade, and then sowing;

step 2: seed soaking: adding 40 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution, then adding a proper amount of seeds, preferably fully submerging the seeds in the water, generally soaking for 24-28 hours, taking out the seeds, accelerating germination or directly sowing (one of seed mixing and seed soaking can be selected, and the two methods are not forbidden to be used simultaneously);

and step 3: breaking milk fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is used from two leaves to one heart to three leaves of seedlings, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea are added to the seedlings for foliage spraying per mu;

and 4, step 4: and (3) seedling strengthening fertilizer: the fertilizer is applied three days before transplanting rice seedlings, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of rice seedlings for foliage spraying.

【2】 Fertilizer for field application

Step 1: dipping seedling roots: adding 30-40 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution, adding a proper amount of fine soil and forming slurry (preferably adding a small amount of organic fertilizer), and keeping seedlings while dipping and transplanting;

step 2: topdressing: when the nutrient solution is used for topdressing, the nutrient solution is mainly sprayed on leaf surfaces, the spraying frequency is determined according to the growth period, generally early rice is sprayed for 3 times, and middle and late rice is sprayed for 4-5 times, and the specific spraying period and method are as follows:

fertilizing in a tillering stage: the method is carried out 7-10 days after the transplanting, and 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea per mu, and the foliage spraying is carried out.

Secondly, fertilizing in a node shifting period: the method is carried out 3-5 days before jointing, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 500 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Thirdly, fertilizing in the heading and flowering stage: the method is carried out 3-5 days before ear sprouting and comprises the steps of adding 30 kg of water into 100 g of nutrient solution and 400 g of urea into each mu of the nutrient solution, and spraying the nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces.

Fourthly, grouting fertilizer: the method is carried out 5-7 days after ear leveling, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Note: 1. the amount of hybrid rice is increased by 20% based on the conventional rice.

2. According to the method, the nutrient solution is used in the whole process, and the common rice blast, bacterial leaf blight, leaf spot of flax and other diseases of the rice can be effectively prevented and treated, so that the using amount of the pesticide is greatly reduced, the quality and taste of the rice and the thousand-grain weight of the rice are improved, and the yield increase amplitude reaches more than 30%.

(II) leguminous crops

(1) Soybean

【1】 Fertilization of spring soybean

Step 1: seed dressing: 100 g of nutrient solution is added with proper amount of water to mix seeds for 20 kg;

step 2: topdressing:

promoting seedling and fertilizer: after the soybean seedlings are grown, 50 kg of water and 250 g of urea are added into 100 g of nutrient solution per mu, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaves.

② initial flowering period: when 20% of plants bloom in the field, the fertilizer is applied by adding 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company and spraying the fertilizer on leaf surfaces per mu.

③ promoting the pod fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied from the time of planting flowers to the initial pod stage, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 30 kg of water and 300 g of urea are added to leaf surface spraying per mu.

Fourthly, swelling granular fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied 20 days after the pod promoting fertilizer is applied, and the fertilizer application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

【2】 Summer and autumn soybean fertilizer application

Step 1: seed dressing: mixing 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited with a small amount of water for 20-25 kg of seeds;

step 2: topdressing:

seedling fertilizer: when 4-5 true leaves grow out, the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 50 kg of water and 150 g of urea and sprayed on the leaves per mu.

② flower-preserving fertilizer: generally applied in the initial flowering period, the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology limited company is added with 45 kg of water and 100 g of urea to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

③ promoting the pod fertilizer: generally, the fertilizer is applied from the final flowering stage to the initial pod stage by adding 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agricultural science and technology Limited company and spraying the fertilizer on the leaf surface per mu.

Fourthly, swelling granular fertilizer: generally, the method is carried out 20 days after the pod promoting fertilizer is applied, and the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 30 kg of water and 300 g of urea is sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

(III) commercial crop

(1) Cotton

【1】 Open-air cotton

The cotton has long growth period, strong seedlings are required to grow early in the seedling period, seedlings grow stably in the bud period, and fertilizer is required to be the most in the boll period, so that the bare cotton is required to adopt a sufficient, light, stable, heavy and supplementary fertilizing mode, light seedling fertilizer is applied early, bud fertilizer is applied stably when seedlings are seen, boll fertilizer is applied heavily, and top fertilizer is applied secondarily.

Step 1: seed soaking: dissolving the nutrient solution into 600-800 times of aqueous solution, soaking seeds for 10-12 hours, taking out the seeds for accelerating germination, and then sowing the seeds;

step 2: topdressing:

seedling fertilizer: the principle of early application, light application and partial application should be mastered. In the double cropping cotton field, the base fertilizer is generally used in a small amount or is not applied, and the additional fertilizer is applied when the seedlings emerge at 60% or are aligned, wherein the method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is used per mu, 60 kg of water is added, 100 g of urea is added, and the foliage spray is carried out. The first-maturing cotton field is generally applied after the seedlings are aligned and 2-3 true leaves are planted in the cotton field. The method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 60 kg of water and 150 g of urea to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu.

② bud fertilizer: the bud fertilizer is used for mastering the principle of stable seedling application, so that the nutrient requirement for stable growth of cotton seedlings is met. But also prevent the cotton seedlings from overgrowing. Bud fertilizers are generally applied to the cotton double cropping area and the cotton area in the yellow river basin in the south before and after the full bud period. The method is that 100 g of nutrient solution of Yaan Huafeng agriculture science and technology Limited company is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added to be sprayed on the leaf surface of each mu. Since the growth period of the extremely early maturing cotton in the north is short, bud fertilizer should be applied early and can be applied after the bud period.

③ boll period: the application time of the flower boll fertilizer is very critical, and the appropriate fertilization time ensures that the fertilizer efficiency not only meets the requirements of flower blossoming and boll bearing, but also avoids the peak period of natural growth of cotton plants and avoids the vigorous growth of cotton plants.

The cotton boll fertilizer in cotton areas in the south is mostly applied for 1-2 times from the initial flowering stage to the full flowering stage. The flower boll fertilizer in the cotton area of the yellow river basin is generally applied again in the initial flowering phase, and the cotton field with high fertilizer and water and the cotton plants grow vigorously are properly postponed until the lower parts of the cotton plants are seated for 1-2 big bolls; the specific application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is mixed with 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea is added into each mu of leaf surface spraying.

Fourthly, covering a top with fertilizer: after the cotton is full of flowers, a large amount of cotton bolls are formed and grow rapidly, more nutrients are needed, and at the moment, top fertilizers are supplemented, so that the cotton is premature and does not senilism, and autumn peaches are strived for to be sat for more, and the boll weight and the clothes score are increased. The application time of the top-dressing fertilizer is about 8 months and 10 days in the northern cotton area and about 8 months and 15 days in the southern cotton area. The application method is that 200 g of nutrient solution is added with 60 kg of water and 250-500 g of urea is added to foliage spray per mu.

【2】 Mulching film cotton

After the cotton is cultivated by mulching, the seedlings are strong and early-growing, but are easy to thrive in the early period and easy to senilism in the later period, so that a sufficient, controlled and heavy fertilizing method is mostly adopted.

Step 1: dissolving the nutrient solution into 600-800 times of aqueous solution, soaking a proper amount of cotton seeds (preferably just submerging the seeds) for 10-12 hours, taking out, accelerating germination and sowing;

step 2: topdressing: the mulching film cotton top dressing should control seedling fertilizer and bud fertilizer.

Firstly, the boll stage: the floral bell fertilizer is generally used twice, the first time is in the initial flowering period, and the second time is in the full flowering period. The application method of the initial flower fertilizer is that 100 g of nutrient solution is mixed with 40 kg of water and 150 g of urea is added to the leaf surface of each mu of the fertilizer for spraying.

Fourthly, covering a top with fertilizer: generally, the nutrient solution is applied about 15 days after full-bloom period, and if the nutrient solution is directly used for seedling culture in a seedbed field, 800-1000 g of the nutrient solution is applied to each mu of seedbed field and is uniformly mixed with various organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers to be used as a base fertilizer. And (3) applying seedling fertilizer 4-5 days before transplanting in the seedbed stage, wherein the method comprises the steps of adding 50 kg of water and 150 g of urea into 100 g of nutrient solution per mu, and spraying the fertilizer on leaf surfaces.

(IV) fruit tree crops

(1) Apple (Malus pumila)

Step 1: base fertilizer: the application period is preferably autumn, the specific time is determined according to the phenological period, the root can be cut off, the new root can be quickly healed, and the overground part can not cause autumn shoots any more due to the temperature reduction, and the early application is preferably performed on the premise. Because the root system is applied appropriately and early to correct the growth peak, the broken root is easy to heal and grow, the fertilizer is fully decomposed, can be absorbed by the tree body in time in the next spring, and is very beneficial to sprouting, flowering and fruit setting, the specific application method is that 10-15 g of nutrient solution is applied to each plant of the young tree, 15-20 g of nutrient solution is applied to each plant of the adult tree, and the nutrient solution is uniformly mixed with a proper amount of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer and applied to the fertilizing ditch, wherein three common ditch application methods, namely radial ditch application, annular ditch application and strip ditch application, are adopted in the production;

the radial furrow application is to dig 4-6 furrows with the length of about 100 cm, the width of 30 cm and the depth of 20-30 cm around the tree, apply the mixed fertilizer into the furrows and then cover the soil; the fertilization in the next year is staggered with the fertilization ditch in the last year. The depth of the fertilizing ditch is about 30-40 cm when the annular ditch is applied, the depth of the fertilizing ditch is 30-40 cm, the width and the depth of the strip-shaped ditch are about 20-30 cm when the strip-shaped ditch is applied, and the length of the ditch is determined according to the size of the crown;

step 2: topdressing

In order to promote the growth of branches of the young trees which are being shaped, 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 250 g of urea before the growth of new shoots (3 months) to irrigate the roots; in the vigorous growth period (5 months), the nutrient solution can be 100 g, added with 40 kg of water and 200 g of urea and sprayed on the leaf surface. For promoting the formation of flower buds and improving the fruit setting rate of trees in the later year and the crown pressing period of the tree form to achieve the purpose of pressing crowns, 100 g of nutrient solution, 30 kg of water and 250 g of urea can be added to the trees and sprayed on the leaf surfaces before blooming, before flower bud differentiation and after autumn tips stop growing;

the frequency of topdressing should be properly increased due to the increase of the yield of the trees in the full bearing period;

firstly, fertilizing the flowers: generally applied before flowering, aiming at promoting the differentiation and formation of flowers, so that the flowers can blossoms and are well bloomed, and the fertilizing method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 40 kg of water and 250 g of urea to be sprayed on leaf surfaces;

② sprout promoting fertilizer: before flower bud differentiation, aiming at flower bud differentiation formation, the application method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 40 kg of water and 150 g of urea, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on leaf surfaces;

③ promoting fruit and preserving fruit fertilizer: the fertilizer is applied in the fruit expanding period by spraying foliage with 100 g of nutrient solution, 30 kg of water and 200 g of urea and spraying the foliage once every 10 days;

fourthly, the health care fertilizer: typically applied after harvest. After the apples are harvested, on one hand, a large amount of mineral nutrition is taken away, on the other hand, the planting injury of fruit trees is inevitably caused, and the purpose of applying the health-care fertilizer is to supplement the nutrition and lay a good foundation for the growth in the spring of the next year. The specific method is that 100 g of nutrient solution is added with 50 kg of water and 200 g of urea and sprayed on the foliage.