CN112726228A - 一种涤纶面料的染色工艺 - Google Patents

一种涤纶面料的染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN112726228A
CN112726228A CN202011562838.1A CN202011562838A CN112726228A CN 112726228 A CN112726228 A CN 112726228A CN 202011562838 A CN202011562838 A CN 202011562838A CN 112726228 A CN112726228 A CN 112726228A
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grey cloth
dye
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washing
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王越标
王超群
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Shaoxing Keqiao Yuda Weaving And Dyeing Co ltd
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Abstract

本申请涉及面料染色的技术领域,具体公开了一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,将涤纶坯布进行如下步骤进行:S1:预定型;S2:退浆;S3:水洗中和;S4:染色;将水洗中和后的坯布进行染色,所用染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料25‑43份、碳酸氢钠10‑14份、水400‑600份以及染料粘合剂5‑8份;染料粘合剂的原料以重量百分比计包括:聚酯型聚氨酯20‑24%、聚丙烯酸酰胺酯18‑22%、硅氧烷聚醚多元醇16‑20%、吐温‑80为10‑14%以及余量水;S5:洗涤;S6:脱水;S7:开幅;S8:定型;将经过S7处理后的坯布进行定型;经过S8定型后的坯布即为染色完毕的涤纶布料。染料粘合剂可以将染料粘合在面料表面,在面料表面形成一层表面膜,从而提高染料在面料上的色牢度,使得面料的耐洗牢度得到提高。

Description

一种涤纶面料的染色工艺
技术领域
本申请涉及面料染色的技术领域,尤其是涉及一种涤纶面料的染色工艺。
背景技术
涤纶是合成纤维中的一个重要品种,是我国聚酯纤维的商品名称。它是以精对苯二甲酸(PTA)或对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)和乙二醇(EG)为原料经酯化或酯交换和缩聚反应而制得的成纤高聚物-聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),经纺丝和后处理制成的纤维。
由涤纶纤维制成的涤纶织物具有弹性好、强度和初始模量高等优点,被广泛用于服装和产业用布。但由于涤纶分子中除存在两个端醇羟基外,并无其它极性基团,且由于其极性较小,所以染色较为困难,易出现上染率低,色牢度差等问题,因此亟需提供一种色牢度高的涤纶面料的染色工艺。
发明内容
为了解决涤纶面料染色后色牢度低的问题,本申请提供一种涤纶面料的染色工艺。
本申请提供的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,采用如下的技术方案:
一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,将涤纶坯布进行如下步骤进行:
S1:预定型,将坯布进行预定型;
S2:退浆,将经过S1处理后的坯布进行退浆;
S3:水洗中和,将经过S2处理后的坯布进行水洗中和;
S4:染色,将水洗中和后的坯布进行染色,所用染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料25-43份、碳酸氢钠10-14份、水400-600份以及染料粘合剂5-8份;染料粘合剂的原料以重量百分比计包括:聚酯型聚氨酯20-24%、聚丙烯酸酰胺酯18-22%、硅氧烷聚醚多元醇16-20%、吐温-80为10-14%以及余量水;
S5:洗涤,将经过S4处理后的坯布进行洗涤;
S6:脱水,将经过S5处理后的坯布进行脱水;
S7:开幅,将经过S6处理后的坯布进行开幅;
S8:定型,将经过S7处理后的坯布进行定型;
经过S8定型后的坯布即为染色完毕的涤纶布料。
通过采用上述技术方案,单偶氮型染料是一种分散染料,具有分子比较小,结构上不带水溶性基团的特性。在使用时需加入分散剂,以提高分散染料在溶液中的分散性。
碳酸氢钠是一种pH值缓冲剂,用以调节溶液的pH值,稳定溶液的pH值。染料粘合剂可以将染料粘合在面料表面,在面料表面形成一层表面膜,从而提高染料在面料上的色牢度,使得面料的耐洗牢度得到提高。
聚酯型聚氨酯粘合剂具有不燃、柔软性好、环保、易清理等有点,在使用可以赋予涂料良好的附着性,提高纱线的色牢度。聚丙烯酸酰胺酯粘合剂具有良好的耐老化泛黄性能,性价比较高,但易产生粘辊现象。
硅氧烷聚醚多元醇的端羟基活性较高,能与聚酯型聚氨酯中的异氰酸根发生反应,使聚氨酯材料上含有硅氧烷链段,提高聚氨酯材料的耐湿性和柔顺性,赋予纤维更好的手感。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述染料中还包括以重量份计的聚羟基硬脂酸5-14份。
通过采用上述技术方案,聚羟基硬脂酸为水溶性聚合物,是一种新型绿色水性分散剂,具有无磷、无毒、无公害和可完全生物降解的特性。对离子有极强的螯合能力,具有缓蚀与阻垢双重功效,对碳酸钙、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、磷酸钙等成垢盐类具有良好的阻垢效果,同时具有分散作用并可有效防止金属设备的腐蚀,且可以有效的防止染浴中的钙、镁、铁等金属离子沉淀后附着在面料上,造成染色疵点,影响面料的染色效果。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述染液中还包括以重量份计的聚丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸铵20-30份。
通过采用上述技术方案,聚丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸铵是一种优良的表面活性剂,能够降低水和油的表面张力,同时能够降低水和空气的表面张力,从而能够促进染液中各物质之间的相容性,从而能够提高染液对面料的作用效果以提高面料的上染率。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述染液中还包括以重量份计的亚二硫基二乙酸2-5份、十八烷基异氰酸酯4-9份、苯甲醇3-5份以及二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯10-13份。
通过采用上述技术方案,亚二硫基二乙酸、十八烷基异氰酸酯、二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯以及苯甲醇作为载体,使得单偶氮型染料更加容易的上染至涤纶纤维中,提高上染百分率。
亚二硫基二乙酸、十八烷基异氰酸酯以及二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯共同组成匀染剂,亚二硫基二乙酸有极强的润湿性,使得单偶氮型染料更快的润湿;十八烷基异氰酸酯作为非离子型表面活性剂,使得单偶氮型染料的移染性提高,单偶氮型染料的移染有利于克服染色过程中所造成的染色不均,产生匀染的产品。二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯作为表面活性剂,能够与单偶氮型染料互相作用,从而减缓了单偶氮型染料上染至涤纶纤维分子中,从而使得染色均匀;亚二硫基二乙酸有良好的扩散性,二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯和十八烷基异氰酸酯能够扩散至涤纶纤维分子中,从而起到染料的匀染作用。亚二硫基二乙酸、十八烷基异氰酸酯、二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯以及苯甲醇四者互相结合使用,能够提高最终涤纶面料的湿色牢度。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述S5洗涤包括如下步骤:
a、先将经过S4染色后的坯布使用清水冲洗,持续冲洗15-30min;
b、将清水冲洗之后的坯布输送至含有还原剂的水中进行还原清洗,坯布还原清洗时保持液体的温度为40-50℃,持续清洗25min。
作为本发明的进一步改进,还原剂各物质以重量份计为:保险粉25-47份、碳酸氢钠12-32份、二月桂醇柠檬酸酯42-57份以及氯化钠23-27份。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过对上染之后的坯布使用清水洗去布料表面上的一些未上染的染料,然后进行还原清洗,能够将涤纶布料上的一些浮色洗去,防止后续涤纶布料在使用的过程出现掉色的现象发生,通过在还原剂中加入二月桂醇柠檬酸酯,二月桂醇柠檬酸酯在和碳酸氢钠以及氯化钠的作用下,能够提高涤纶布料的色牢度。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述S1预定型,将坯布放入热定型机内进行预定型,所述热定型机的温度调节至140℃,预定型时间为4-5min,然后冷却至室温后再进行S2退浆。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过140℃的高温以及4-5min的保温,使得涤纶布料在前期生产中产生的皱痕和难以去除折痕被去除,并且将涤纶布料的尺寸进行固定,从而使得涤纶布料后续染色更加均匀。
作为本发明的进一步改进,S8定型,将经过S7开幅后的坯布放入热定型机内,然后将热定型机的温度调整为180℃,保温3min,热定型后进行冷却,冷却温度为25℃,冷却时间为1.5h。
通过采用上述技术方案,涤纶布进入热定型机后,温度达到180℃后保温3min,则完全将涤纶布的尺寸稳定下来,不会发生涤纶布经向和纬向的偏差,并且在此温度和时间内也完全将涤纶布烘干,有效的增强了涤纶布爽滑、强力和挺括的手感;然后经过1.5h将涤纶布料冷却至25℃,缓慢的使得涤纶布料进行冷却,防止冷却速度过快而损伤布料。
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
1、染料粘合剂可以将染料粘合在面料表面,在面料表面形成一层表面膜,从而提高染料在面料上的色牢度,使得面料的耐洗牢度得到提高;
2、聚羟基硬脂酸为水溶性聚合物,具有分散作用并可有效防止金属设备的腐蚀,且可以有效的防止染浴中的钙、镁、铁等金属离子沉淀后附着在面料上,造成染色疵点,影响面料的染色效果;
3、亚二硫基二乙酸、十八烷基异氰酸酯、二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯以及苯甲醇四者互相结合使用,能够提高最终涤纶面料的湿色牢度;
4、通过对上染之后的坯布使用清水洗去布料表面上的一些未上染的染料,然后进行还原清洗,能够将涤纶布料上的一些浮色洗去,防止后续涤纶布料在使用的过程出现掉色的现象发生,通过在还原剂中加入二月桂醇柠檬酸酯,二月桂醇柠檬酸酯在和碳酸氢钠以及氯化钠的作用下,能够提高涤纶布料的色牢度。
附图说明
图1为本申请一种涤纶面料的染色工艺的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图以及实施例,对本申请作进一步详细描述。
本发明中各原料组分如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0002859826510000061
Figure BDA0002859826510000071
实施例1:
参照图1,本实施例公开了一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,将涤纶坯布进行如下步骤操作:
S1:预定型。将坯布进行预定型。先将选定好的涤纶坯布输送至热定型机内,再将热定型机的温度调节至180℃,持续7min,然后将涤纶面料冷却至室温。
S2:退浆。将经过S1处理后的坯布输送至浸轧机内,并且添加退浆液,退浆液的各物质组成包括烧碱40g/L以及去油精炼剂10g/L。添加时,先将烧碱加入至浸轧机内,搅拌15min;然后将去油精炼剂添加至浸轧机内,控制浴比1:30,搅拌40min;接着将涤纶坯布在浸轧机内浸轧5h。去油精炼剂选用东莞市嘉宏有机硅科技有限公司出售的除油精练剂Goon107。烧碱选用滨州润凡化工有限公司出售的烧碱。
S3:水洗中和。将经过S2处理后的坯布放入水洗机内进行水洗中和,使用清水冲洗数次。
S4:染色。将水洗中和后的坯布进行染色,所用染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料34份、碳酸氢钠12份、水500份以及染料粘合剂6份。其中染料粘合剂的原料以重量百分比计为:聚酯型聚氨酯22%、聚丙烯酸酰胺酯20%、硅氧烷聚醚多元醇18%、吐温-80为12%以及水28%。单偶氮型染料选用河南至仁化工有限公司售出的偶氮玉红色素。
先按重量份无先后顺序的将单偶氮型染料、碳酸氢钠、水以及染料粘合剂添加至染液桶内搅拌10min,浴比1:50,加热至50℃,持续搅拌40min,然后将染液输送至染色机内,接着将染色机内染液的温度以1.2℃/min的升温速度将染液升温至135℃,保温50min,然后将染色机内染液以2.4℃/min的降温速度将染液的温度降至70℃,染色结束。
S5:连续清洗。将经过S4处理后的坯布输送至工业水洗机内使用清水反复冲洗20min,连续水洗结束。
S6:脱水。将经过S5处理后的坯布输送至脱水机内进行脱水。
S7:开幅。将经过S6处理后的坯布输送至开幅机内进行开幅。
S8:定型。将经过S7开幅后的坯布放入热定型机内,然后将热定型机的温度调整为170℃,保温45s,热定型后进行冷却,冷却温度为25℃,冷却时间为40min。
进行成品检测,最后打卷包装得到染色完毕的涤纶面料。
实施例2:
与实施例1的区别在于,S4染色中染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料34份、碳酸氢钠12份、聚羟基硬脂酸10份、水500份以及染料粘合剂6份。
实施例3:
与实施例2的区别在于,S4染色中染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料34份、碳酸氢钠12份、聚羟基硬脂酸10份、聚丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸铵25份、水500份以及染料粘合剂6份。
实施例4:
与实施例1的区别在于,S4染色中染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料34份、碳酸氢钠12份、亚二硫基二乙酸4份、十八烷基异氰酸酯6份、苯甲醇4份、二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯12份、水500份以及染料粘合剂6份。
实施例5:
与实施例1的区别在于,S5:连续清洗包括如下步骤:
a、先将经过S4染色后的坯布输送至水槽中使用清水冲洗,持续冲洗22min。
b、将清水冲洗之后的坯布输送至含有还原剂的水中进行还原清洗,坯布还原清洗时保持液体的温度为45℃,持续清洗25min。其中还原剂选用保险粉,使用量为40g/L。
实施例6:
与实施例5的区别在于,S5连续清洗中的还原剂各物质以重量份计为:保险粉36份、碳酸氢钠22份、二月桂醇柠檬酸酯50份以及氯化钠25份,还原剂的总使用量为40g/L。
实施例7:
与实施例1的区别在于,S1:预定型。将坯布进行预定型。先将选定好的涤纶坯布输送至热定型机内,再将热定型机的温度调节至140℃,持续5min,然后将涤纶面料冷却至室温。
实施例8:
与实施例1的区别在于,S1:预定型。将坯布进行预定型。先将选定好的涤纶坯布输送至热定型机内,再将热定型机的温度调节至140℃,持续4min,然后将涤纶面料冷却至室温。
S8:定型。将经过S7开幅后的坯布放入热定型机内,然后将热定型机的温度调整为180℃,保温3min,热定型后进行冷却,冷却温度为25℃,冷却时间为1.5h。
实施例9:
一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,将涤纶坯布进行如下步骤操作:
S1:预定型。将坯布进行预定型。先将选定好的涤纶坯布输送至热定型机内,再将热定型机的温度调节至140℃,持续4.5min,然后将涤纶面料冷却至室温。
S2:退浆。将经过S1处理后的坯布输送至浸轧机内,并且添加退浆液,退浆液的各物质组成包括烧碱40g/L以及去油精炼剂10g/L。添加时,先将烧碱加入至浸轧机内,搅拌15min;然后将去油精炼剂添加至浸轧机内,控制浴比1:30,搅拌40min;接着将涤纶坯布在浸轧机内浸轧5h。去油精炼剂选用东莞市嘉宏有机硅科技有限公司出售的除油精练剂Goon107。烧碱选用滨州润凡化工有限公司出售的烧碱。
S3:水洗中和。将经过S2处理后的坯布放入水洗机内进行水洗中和,使用清水冲洗数次。
S4:染色。将水洗中和后的坯布进行染色,所用染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料34份、碳酸氢钠12份、亚二硫基二乙酸4份、十八烷基异氰酸酯6份、苯甲醇4份、二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯12份、聚羟基硬脂酸10份、聚丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸铵25份、水500份以及染料粘合剂6份。其中染料粘合剂的原料以重量百分比计为:聚酯型聚氨酯22%、聚丙烯酸酰胺酯20%、硅氧烷聚醚多元醇18%、吐温-80为12%以及水28%。单偶氮型染料选用河南至仁化工有限公司售出的偶氮玉红色素。
先按重量份无先后顺序的将单偶氮型染料、碳酸氢钠、水以及染料粘合剂添加至染液桶内搅拌10min,浴比1:50,加热至50℃,持续搅拌40min,然后将染液输送至染色机内,接着将染色机内染液的温度以1.2℃/min的升温速度将染液升温至135℃,保温50min,然后将染色机内染液以2.4℃/min的降温速度将染液的温度降至70℃,染色结束。
S5:连续清洗包括如下步骤:
a、先将经过S4染色后的坯布输送至水槽中使用清水冲洗,持续冲洗22min。
b、将清水冲洗之后的坯布输送至含有还原剂的水中进行还原清洗,坯布还原清洗时保持液体的温度为45℃,持续清洗25min。其中还原剂的各物质以重量份计为:保险粉36份、碳酸氢钠22份、二月桂醇柠檬酸酯50份以及氯化钠25份,使用量为40g/L。
S6:脱水。将经过S5处理后的坯布输送至脱水机内进行脱水。
S7:开幅。将经过S6处理后的坯布输送至开幅机内进行开幅。
S8:定型。将经过S7开幅后的坯布放入热定型机内,然后将热定型机的温度调整为180℃,保温3min,热定型后进行冷却,冷却温度为25℃,冷却时间为1.5h。
进行成品检测,最后打卷包装得到染色完毕的涤纶面料。
实施例10-13与实施例9的区别在于,S4染色中染料的各物质以重量份计如表2所示。单位:份
表2
Figure BDA0002859826510000121
Figure BDA0002859826510000131
实施例14-15与实施例3的区别在于,S4染色中染料粘合剂的各物质以重量百分比计如表3所示。单位:%
表3
实施例14 实施例15
聚酯型聚氨酯 20 24
聚丙烯酸酰胺酯 18 22
硅氧烷聚醚多元醇 16 20
吐温-80 10 14
36 20
实施例16-17与实施例5的区别在于,S5洗涤的步骤a中持续冲洗时间如表4所示。单位:min
表4
实施例16 实施例17
冲洗时间 15 30
实施例18-19与实施例5的区别在于,S5洗涤的步骤b中坯布还原清洗时保持液体的温度如表5所示。单位:℃
表5
Figure BDA0002859826510000132
Figure BDA0002859826510000141
实施例20-21与实施例6的区别在于,S5洗涤的步骤b中还原剂各物质以重量份计如表6所示。单位:份
表6
实施例20 实施例21
保险粉 25 47
碳酸氢钠 12 32
二月桂醇柠檬酸酯 42 57
氯化钠 23 27
对比例1:
与实施例1的区别在于,S4染色步骤里的染料中无染料粘合剂。
对比例2:
与实施例4的区别在于,S4染色步骤里的染料中无十八烷基异氰酸酯。
对比例3:
与实施例4的区别在于,S4染色步骤里的染料中无亚二硫基二乙酸。
对比例4:
与实施例4的区别在于,S4染色步骤里的染料中无二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯。
对比例5:
与实施例4的区别在于,S4染色步骤里的染料中无苯甲醇。
性能检测:
检测样品:采用实施例1-21以及对比例1-5得到的涤纶面料按照GB/T3920-1997的标准,并分别经摩擦牢度测试仪进行布料的摩擦牢度检测,并把数据结果记录至表7中。
上染率的计算:用残液法在723型分光光度计上测定,并计算T时刻的上染率:上染率E=[(A0-AT)/A0]×100%;式中:A0为原溶液的吸光度;AT为T时刻时染色残液的吸光度,并把数据结果记录至表7中。
表7
Figure BDA0002859826510000151
Figure BDA0002859826510000161
数据分析:
通过实施例1与对比例1的数据能够得出,通过在染液中加入染料粘合剂能够显著提高涤纶面料的干摩擦牢度和湿摩擦牢度,同时能够相对提高涤纶面料的上染效果。
通过实施例4与对比例2-5的数据对比能够得出,通过在染液中加入亚二硫基二乙酸、十八烷基异氰酸酯、苯甲醇以及二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯,能够显著提高涤纶面料的干摩擦牢度和湿摩擦牢度,同时能够相对提高涤纶面料的上染率。
通过观察实施例9的数据能够得出,实施例9记载的染色工艺得到的涤纶面料的各项指数均是最优的。
以上均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:将涤纶坯布进行如下步骤进行:
S1:预定型;将坯布进行预定型;
S2:退浆;将经过S1处理后的坯布进行退浆;
S3:水洗中和;将经过S2处理后的坯布进行水洗中和;
S4:染色;将水洗中和后的坯布进行染色,所用染料的各物质以重量份计为:单偶氮型染料25-43份、碳酸氢钠10-14份、水400-600份以及染料粘合剂5-8份;染料粘合剂的原料以重量百分比计包括:聚酯型聚氨酯20-24%、聚丙烯酸酰胺酯18-22%、硅氧烷聚醚多元醇16-20%、吐温-80为10-14%以及余量水;
S5:洗涤;将经过S4处理后的坯布进行洗涤;
S6:脱水;将经过S5处理后的坯布进行脱水;
S7:开幅;将经过S6处理后的坯布进行开幅;
S8:定型;将经过S7处理后的坯布进行定型;
经过S8定型后的坯布即为染色完毕的涤纶布料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:所述染料中还包括以重量份计的聚羟基硬脂酸5-14份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:所述染液中还包括以重量份计的聚丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸铵20-30份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:所述染液中还包括以重量份计的亚二硫基二乙酸2-5份、十八烷基异氰酸酯4-9份、苯甲醇3-5份以及二聚季戊四醇六羟基硬脂酸酯10-13份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:所述S5洗涤包括如下步骤:
a、先将经过S4染色后的坯布使用清水冲洗,持续冲洗15-30min;
b、将清水冲洗之后的坯布输送至含有还原剂的水中进行还原清洗,坯布还原清洗时保持液体的温度为40-50℃,持续清洗25min。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:还原剂各物质以重量份计为:保险粉25-47份、碳酸氢钠12-32份、二月桂醇柠檬酸酯42-57份以及氯化钠23-27份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:所述S1预定型,将坯布放入热定型机内进行预定型,所述热定型机的温度调节至140℃,预定型时间为4-5min,然后冷却至室温后再进行S2退浆。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶面料的染色工艺,其特征在于:S8定型,将经过S7开幅后的坯布放入热定型机内,然后将热定型机的温度调整为180℃,保温3min,热定型后进行冷却,冷却温度为25℃,冷却时间为1.5h。
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Application publication date: 20210430