CN112673840A - Water hyacinth treatment method - Google Patents
Water hyacinth treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112673840A CN112673840A CN202011506084.8A CN202011506084A CN112673840A CN 112673840 A CN112673840 A CN 112673840A CN 202011506084 A CN202011506084 A CN 202011506084A CN 112673840 A CN112673840 A CN 112673840A
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- Prior art keywords
- water hyacinth
- water
- hyacinth
- plastic film
- stacking area
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a water hyacinth treatment method, which relates to the technical field of environmental treatment, and comprises the steps of treating water hyacinth in a month with higher temperature, gathering the water hyacinth to form a water hyacinth stacking area, spraying saturated saline water to the water hyacinth stacking area, and covering the water hyacinth stacking area by a plastic film until leaves and stems of the water hyacinth become yellow and rotten; and lifting the plastic film to expose the rotten water hyacinth in a high-temperature environment for a week, dehydrating and withering the part of the water hyacinth above the water surface, and fishing the withered water hyacinth. The invention solves the problems that the existing water hyacinth control method can not effectively control the growth and the propagation of the water hyacinth and influences the ecological environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental management, in particular to a water hyacinth management method.
Background
The water hyacinth is one of malignant foreign species invading the areas of south China, east China, southwest China and the like, is rapidly propagated, competes with local aquatic plants for light, moisture, nutrition and growth space, influences the diversity of aquatic organisms, blocks a river channel and a canal, influences agricultural irrigation and water traffic, and indirectly influences economy.
In order to reduce the influence of the water hyacinth on the aquatic environment, the principle of prevention as a main part and comprehensive control is adopted, the propagation of the water hyacinth is effectively controlled at lower cost, and the harm of the water hyacinth is controlled below an acceptable level. At present, three control technologies of physics, chemistry and biology are mainly adopted, wherein the physical control technology mainly comprises manual and mechanical salvaging, interception and obstruction and the like, when biomass and invasion area are small in the early stage of water hyacinth invasion, manual or mechanical salvaging is adopted, so that the method is an effective control method, when the water hyacinth is large in area, the physical control is difficult to effectively clear residual plants and seeds of the water hyacinth, the periodical outbreak growth of the water hyacinth is caused, annual control is needed, and the effect cannot be lasting; the chemical prevention and control technology mainly utilizes herbicides meeting requirements and the like to be sprayed on water hyacinth to achieve the purpose of treatment, and the chemical herbicides and the like are limited or forbidden to be used in reservoirs, drinking water source areas, lakes and riverways due to the risk of polluting water sources; the biological control technology mainly aims to utilize natural enemies and fungi of the water hyacinth to eat or parasitize the water hyacinth, or utilize some plant-derived growth regulators or competitive plants to carry out plant substitution control, and finally achieve the purpose of inhibiting the growth of the water hyacinth. The biological treatment technology has a long implementation period, the effect is difficult to embody in a short time, and other environmental or ecological problems may be caused due to improper selection and control. The invention patent (CN 105053035A) relates to a slow-release water hyacinth growth regulator and a preparation method thereof, the regulator is filled in a water-permeable non-woven fabric bag, the treatment period is more than 20 days, and the growth regulator can effectively inhibit the growth and the propagation of water hyacinth under the condition of not killing the water hyacinth by generating an inhibiting effect on the growth of the water hyacinth root system. The method is difficult to be effectively applied in an open basin because the slow-release regulating agent is placed in a water body and acts on the root system of the water hyacinth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water hyacinth treatment method, which can solve the problem that the growth and propagation of water hyacinth cannot be effectively controlled by the existing water hyacinth treatment method, and the ecological environment is influenced.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the water hyacinth treatment method comprises the steps of treating the water hyacinth in a month with higher temperature, gathering the water hyacinth, enclosing the water hyacinth into a combined stack to form a water hyacinth stacking area, spraying saturated saline water to the water hyacinth stacking area, and covering the water hyacinth stacking area with a plastic film until leaves and stems of the water hyacinth are yellow and rotten; and lifting the plastic film to expose the rotten water hyacinth in a high-temperature environment for a week, dehydrating and withering the part of the water hyacinth above the water surface, and fishing the withered water hyacinth.
In the technical scheme of the water hyacinth treatment method, a more specific technical scheme can also be as follows: the water hyacinth is treated before the water hyacinth blooms in 7-9 months.
Further, the plastic film is a colored plastic film.
Further, the colored plastic film is one of a black, brown and green plastic film.
Furthermore, the stacking density of the water hyacinth stacking area is 2-3 times of the density of the water hyacinth in a natural growth state.
Further, the water hyacinth is piled in a rectangular area by using wood strips, bamboo strips or PVC pipes.
Further, the preparation raw material of the saturated brine is one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in high-temperature months, saturated saline water is used as a dehydrating agent, and the adaptive environment of the water hyacinth is destroyed by combining film covering treatment, so that the growth and the propagation of the water hyacinth can be effectively controlled, and the influence of the water hyacinth on the ecological environment is reduced; in a treatment period of 30-60 days, the lethality of the water hyacinth exceeds 95%, the salvage amount is reduced by more than 50%, and meanwhile, the method has the advantages of easily obtained materials, simplicity in operation, obvious effect, low cost and no secondary pollution of used reagents to the environment.
2. The water hyacinth is treated before 7-9 months of blooming, so that the situation that after the water hyacinth blooms, the stems of the water hyacinth bend to the water to enable the ovaries to grow and expand in the water to finish one-time propagation can be avoided, and the growth and propagation of the water hyacinth can be controlled.
3. The plastic film is black, brown and green colored plastic film, has poor light transmittance, can inhibit the photosynthesis of the water hyacinth, particularly has good heat absorption property, and is easier to form a high-temperature and high-humidity treatment environment under the film.
4. The stacking density is 2-3 times of that of the water hyacinth in a natural growth state, the using amount of saturated saline water and a plastic film can be reduced, a high-temperature and high-humidity treatment environment can be easily manufactured after film coating, the growth and the propagation of the water hyacinth are inhibited, and the death time of the water hyacinth is shortened.
Detailed Description
The water hyacinth treatment method comprises the steps of selecting summer and autumn with higher temperature to treat water hyacinth, preferably before the water hyacinth blooms within 7-9 months, gathering the water hyacinth into a pile by using end-to-end strip-shaped or tubular bodies, improving the stacking density, spraying saturated saline water on a water hyacinth piling area, and covering the water hyacinth piling area with a plastic film with good heat absorptivity.
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples:
example 1
The water hyacinth treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) before the water hyacinth blooms in 7 months and at a higher temperature period, the water hyacinth begins to be treated, wood bars are used for gathering the water hyacinth in a water hyacinth growing area in an end-to-end mode to form a rectangular water hyacinth stacking area with the length and width of 4m and 1m respectively, and the plant density of the water hyacinth stacking area is 2 times of that of a normal growing state;
(2) 2 kilograms of saturated saline water prepared by potassium chloride is uniformly sprayed to the water hyacinth piling area;
(3) covering the water hyacinth which is sprayed with saturated salt water in a stacking area by using a green plastic film, wherein the plastic film is used for isolating sunlight and manufacturing a continuous high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and after 23 days of film covering, the leaves and stems of the water hyacinth are yellow and rotten, and the lethality rate of the water hyacinth reaches 95%;
(4) and lifting the covered plastic film to expose the rotten water hyacinth in a high-temperature environment for a week, and dehydrating and withering the part of the water hyacinth above the water surface to reduce the weight by 50%.
After the treatment is completed, the rotten and withered water hyacinth can be salvaged or treated in other modes subsequently.
Example 2
The water hyacinth treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) before 8 months of water hyacinth blossoming, beginning to treat at a higher temperature period, using bamboo strips to gather the water hyacinth in a water hyacinth growing area to form a rectangular water hyacinth stacking area with the length and width of 4m and 1m respectively in an end-to-end mode, wherein the plant density of the water hyacinth stacking area is 2.5 times of that of a normal growing state;
(2) 2.5 kilograms of saturated saline water prepared by potassium chloride is uniformly sprayed to the water hyacinth piling area;
(3) covering a water hyacinth stacking area sprayed with saturated salt water with a brown plastic film, wherein the plastic film is used for isolating sunlight and manufacturing a continuous high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and after 40 days of film covering, leaves and stems of the water hyacinth become yellow and rotten, and the lethality rate of the water hyacinth reaches 97%;
(4) and lifting the covered plastic film to expose the rotten water hyacinth in a high-temperature environment for a week, and dehydrating and withering the part of the water hyacinth above the water surface to reduce the weight by 55 percent.
After the treatment is completed, the rotten and withered water hyacinth can be salvaged or treated in other modes subsequently.
Example 3
(1) Before 8 months of water hyacinth blossoming, beginning to treat at a higher temperature period, closing the water hyacinth in a water hyacinth growing area into a rectangular water hyacinth stacking area with the length and width of 4m and 1m respectively by using PVC pipes in an end-to-end mode, wherein the plant density of the water hyacinth stacking area is 3 times of that of the water hyacinth in a normal growing state;
(2) uniformly spraying 3 kilograms of saturated saline water prepared by magnesium chloride to the water hyacinth stacking area;
(3) covering the water hyacinth stacking area sprayed with saturated salt water with a black plastic film, wherein the plastic film is used for isolating sunlight and manufacturing a continuous high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and after 50 days of film covering, the leaves and stems of the water hyacinth become yellow and rotten, and the lethality rate of the water hyacinth reaches 98%;
(4) and lifting the covered plastic film to expose the rotten water hyacinth in a high-temperature environment for a week, and dehydrating and withering the part of the water hyacinth above the water surface to reduce the weight by 60 percent.
After the treatment is completed, the rotten and withered water hyacinth can be salvaged or treated in other modes subsequently.
Example 4
(1) Before 9 months of water hyacinth blossoming, beginning to treat at a higher temperature period, closing the water hyacinth in a water hyacinth growing area into a rectangular water hyacinth stacking area with the length and width of 4m and 1m respectively by using PVC pipes in an end-to-end mode, wherein the plant density of the water hyacinth stacking area is 3 times of that of the water hyacinth in a normal growing state;
(2) uniformly spraying 3 kilograms of saturated saline water prepared by sodium chloride to the water hyacinth stacking area;
(3) covering the water hyacinth stacking area sprayed with saturated salt water with a black plastic film, wherein the plastic film is used for isolating sunlight and manufacturing a continuous high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and after 53 days of film covering, the leaves and stems of the water hyacinth become yellow and rotten, and the lethality rate of the water hyacinth is more than 98%;
(4) and lifting the covered plastic film to expose the rotten water hyacinth in a high-temperature environment for a week, and dehydrating and withering the part of the water hyacinth above the water surface to reduce the weight by 60 percent.
After the treatment is completed, the rotten and withered water hyacinth can be salvaged or treated in other modes subsequently. .
Claims (7)
1. A water hyacinth treatment method is characterized in that: treating the water hyacinth in a month with higher temperature, gathering the water hyacinth to form a water hyacinth stacking area, spraying saturated saline water to the water hyacinth stacking area, and covering the water hyacinth stacking area with a plastic film until leaves and stems of the water hyacinth become yellow and rotten; and lifting the plastic film to expose the rotten water hyacinth in a high-temperature environment for a week, dehydrating and withering the part of the water hyacinth above the water surface, and fishing the withered water hyacinth.
2. The water hyacinth governing method according to claim 1, wherein: the water hyacinth is treated before the water hyacinth blooms in 7-9 months.
3. The water hyacinth governing method according to claim 2, wherein: the plastic film is a colored plastic film.
4. The water hyacinth governing method according to claim 3, wherein: the colored plastic film is one of black, brown and green plastic films.
5. The water hyacinth governing method according to claim 4, wherein: the stacking density of the water hyacinth stacking area is 2-3 times of the density of the water hyacinth in a natural growth state.
6. The water hyacinth governing method of claim 5, wherein: the water hyacinth is piled in a rectangular area by using wood strips, bamboo strips or PVC pipes.
7. The water hyacinth governing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the saturated saline water is prepared from one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011506084.8A CN112673840A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Water hyacinth treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011506084.8A CN112673840A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Water hyacinth treatment method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112673840A true CN112673840A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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| CN202011506084.8A Pending CN112673840A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Water hyacinth treatment method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115250808A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-01 | 江西省赣抚平原水利工程管理局(江西省灌溉试验中心站) | Complete prevention and control method for harmful invasive species water hyacinth in irrigation channel |
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| CN115250808A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-01 | 江西省赣抚平原水利工程管理局(江西省灌溉试验中心站) | Complete prevention and control method for harmful invasive species water hyacinth in irrigation channel |
| CN115250808B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-03-08 | 江西省赣抚平原水利工程管理局(江西省灌溉试验中心站) | Complete prevention and control method for water hyacinth of harmful invasive species in irrigation channel |
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