CN103960180A - Short-necked clam large-area reclamation area larva breeding and sea area larva intermediate breeding method - Google Patents
Short-necked clam large-area reclamation area larva breeding and sea area larva intermediate breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103960180A CN103960180A CN201410152665.4A CN201410152665A CN103960180A CN 103960180 A CN103960180 A CN 103960180A CN 201410152665 A CN201410152665 A CN 201410152665A CN 103960180 A CN103960180 A CN 103960180A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short-necked clam large-area reclamation area larva breeding and sea area larva intermediate breeding method. The method includes the following steps of establishing a nursery pond, namely, a reclamation area, cleaning and arranging the nursery pond, breeding creature baits, selecting parents, inducing spawning, breeding larvae and juvenile clams, regulating and controlling water quality, preventing and controlling enemy creatures, selecting an intertidal zone for larva intermediate breeding, cleaning and arranging the intertidal zone, transplanting the juvenile clams, washing the larvae, and the like. By the adoption of the breeding method, 30 million to 80 million of eyespot larvae of short-necked clams can be bred in each mu of land, and the average length of the shell ranges from 1 mm to 2 mm; the survival rate of the larvae intermediate breeding can reach 13% to 20%, 1300 thousand to 2500 thousand of white larvae, namely, medium-sized larvae, can be bred in each mu of land, and the average specification is 3000 to 6000 larvae per kilogram.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, relate to particularly a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method.
Background technology
Ruditapes philippinarum Ruditapes philippinarum belongs to Veneridae, clam is young belongs to, and is one of China's four large seawater cultivated shellfishes.At China coast, North gets Liaoning, reach Guangxi in the south and all have distribution.Ruditapes philippinarum is nutritious, meat flavour is delicious, and fast with its speed of production, the culture-cycle is short, adaptive faculty is strong, market price is stable etc., and feature becomes one of kind most important and the most promising in intertidal shellfish, is also indispensable aquatic products in current people's vegetable basket.
Abroad, the states such as Japan, Korea, Philippine, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia fish for wild Ruditapes philippinarum, Hawaii, America and West Coast North America, Canada, Australia also introduce Ruditapes philippinarum kind, but these countries all do not grow seedlings and breeding production on a large scale, do not form an industry.In China, just carry out Ruditapes philippinarum breeding and artificial breeding research the seventies, " Ruditapes philippinarum soil pond Experiment On The Artificial Seed Rearing of Bartard " problem is combined and is assigned in the 1975 Nian You Fujian Province State Scientific and Technological Commissions, province's aquatic products Room, by Fujian Prov. Inst. of Aquatic Products and aquatic products technical advice station, Putian County, born and implemented in lower tail Ruditapes philippinarum field, Lingchuan, Putian County, within 1979, the little water body in native pond is grown seedlings and is succeeded.Ruditapes philippinarum is grown seedlings and is started to develop gradually with breeding production from that time, but because seedling growing process level at that time only limits to tens mu of area ponds, the seed quantity of cultivating cannot meet breeding production requirement, cultural technique level is still low simultaneously, so Ruditapes philippinarum is grown seedlings and breeding production does not form an industry.In view of above problem, from the applicant's cooperation development of late nineteen nineties in last century Ruditapes philippinarum artificial breeding and cultural technique research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area (the large water surface) seed rearing and sea area seed intermediate rearing technology.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing and a sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, it comprises the steps:
1) nursery pond (reclamation area) is built: nursery pond is similar to rectangle, single port area 1000-10000 mu, and pond inner slope grouts with random rubble, and substrate is argillo arenaceous, and silt content is more than 60%, the dark 1.0～3.0m in pond, the depth of water 0.80～2.5m, more than mean depth of water 1.50m; Entering emptying gate quantity can determine according to the reclamation area size of growing seedlings, and in the time of meeting Ruditapes philippinarum and grow seedlings, enters drainage discharge and rate request, and water inlet can be received tide naturally; Enter and in pond, draining sluice gate place, respectively build a short Buffer Pool, in order to avoid punching drags pond bed mud husky while entering draining; The flashboard of piecemeal is installed in drainage gate lock groove, in order to the use of row's superficial water; Water inlet screen pack is that hand is knitted conic net, and size of mesh is bis-kinds of 1cm and 1.5cm, makes 2 covers for every kind, in order to repairing or changing and use; Screen frame is welded with galvanized pipe, and intake gate external brake groove is installed the plane screen frame of mesh 3cm, to stop large-scale foreign material, alleviates screen pack water pressure.
2) nursery pond is leveled: rise annual May to nursery pond tan by the sun, desilting; Tan by the sun and at the bottom of pond, show soil be full of cracks in 20-30 days, being rich in organic black, smelly mud, with bulldozer, remove, manually remove gravel and the shell in pond simultaneously; At the bottom of polluting lighter pond, turn over, soak, flushing, smooth, and in conjunction with rake pine, promote bed mud organic substance decomposing; Near the whole furrow of Parallel to the flow direction water inlet, the wide 1.5-2.5m of furrow, ditch depth 25-35cm, furrow width 40-60cm, length does not wait and determines according to landform, and furrow face area accounts for nursery pond 4-6%, the table of furrow face soil rake pine is shakeout, and spread the following fine sand 3-10cm of φ 0.8mm; In the not dry profundal zone of water row, with tea seed cake, kill fish; The hand that is 1cm through size of mesh is knitted conic net filtered water inlet, and the water yield is as the criterion at the bottom of flooding pond; With bleaching powder 40-60ppm full pool spilling head, after 2 days, drain Chi Shui, then intake, repeatedly secondary;
3) nursery pond culture of living feeds: throw in the last week close shellfish, water for larval nursing, through the conic net filtered water inlet 35-45cm of mesh 1cm, applies carbonic hydroammonium 1-3ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.7ppm; Every 1-2 days, execute carbonic hydroammonium 0.5-1.5ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5ppm is to cultivate basic biological feed again;
4) close shellfish is selected and hastens parturition: annual mid-September, select gonad development good, above individuality of sexual gland III phase is greater than 70%, stalwartness 1 age shellfish, specification is 200-300 grain/kg; With the dry nursery pond that is transported to of refrigerator car, evenly to render on furrow face, close shellfish throwing amount is put 50-75kg/ mu; Opened a sluice gate into water evening on the same day, utilize within 8-10 hour, dry in the shade, the methods such as water-head stimulation by running water (flow velocity 30-50cm/ second) of alternating temperature and flood tide induce close shellfish to lay eggs, and close shellfish emission index is reached more than 85%; Ruditapes philippinarum gonad is laid eggs in batches, and the 3-4 of can laying eggs annual mating season criticizes, wherein with first and second batch of discharge capacity maximum; In growing seedlings and producing, general to cultivate the larvae and spat of first and second batch of spawning and hatching, if first and second batch of spatfall amount is few, do not reach production requirement, should cultivate emphatically the 3rd batch; Under the environmental condition of water body in large, an age in postpartum, close shellfish continued to stay in nursery pond; 5) wash ovum, hatching: Ruditapes philippinarum ovum is demersal egg, before ovum is not yet hatched, by regulating the flashboard on drainage gate upper strata, drain the unnecessary seminal fluid in top layer and excreta 15-25cm(apparent wind the wave is high little and determine, the few greatly row of stormy waves, in case ovum loss, otherwise arrange) more, to keep good water quality environment, incubation rate generally reaches more than 90%; 6) floating larvae is cultivated: cultivate water and filter through the conic net of mesh 1cm, add water level 5-10cm every day, every 2-3 days, apply carbonic hydroammonium 1-2ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25-0.5ppm, maintain phytoplankton density 5000-20000/ml, keep water to be yellow green or yellowish-brown, transparency 35-45cm; When natural bait is not enough, take soya-bean milk or juvenile prawn is artificial additive food with manufactured feed, every day feeding volume 0.5-1.5ppm; When pH value is on the low side, with quicklime, regulating pH is 8.0-8.7, stable to maintain water quality environment; At water temperature 19.8-25.1 ℃, salinity 27.8-30.7, pH value 8.1-8.3, under the condition of the biological 5000-20000/ml of foundation bait, D shape larva developed into shell top Initial instar larvae through 4-5 days, and shell reaches 120-128 μ m; Cultivation through 9-10 days, shell reaches 175-180 μ m, and shell top is protuberance obviously, and foot is flourishing, and sinking is crawled; After 1-2 days, battalion's end life of dwelling is adhered in metamorphosis, and juvenile mollusk shell that metamorphosis is adhered to is long is 190-230u, and by abovementioned technology, larva survival rate can reach 10-15%, and adhesive rate reaches 90-95%, on average adheres to ten thousand/m2 of density 8-9;
7) adhering to juvenile mollusk cultivates: under normal circumstances, the floating larvae nurturing period is only added not draining of water, just starts row and changes water, in case floating larvae is discharged with water after most of larva adheres to; The juvenile mollusk just having adhered to, every day, quantity of exchanged water 1/15-1/5, was then enlarged to 1/3 gradually, and by regulating drainage flashboard, controlled and change water water layer, by changing superficial water, transferred layer water that refoots to; When juvenile mollusk shell reaches 400-600 μ m, mobility strengthens, and takes the photograph bait amount and increases, and now screen pack size of mesh should be changed to 1.5cm by 1cm, to strengthen quantity of exchanged water, increases natural biological bait; Quantity of exchanged water is neglected greatly the situations such as water quality, water colour, weather and is determined, and water quality, water colour are bad, and water temperature height changes water more, otherwise changes less.Quantity of exchanged water is excessive, and Water Factors fluctuation is larger, juvenile mollusk is grown unfavorable; Every 2-3 days, after changing water, execute urea 0.5～1ppm, composite fertilizer 0.25～0.5ppm, cultivates phytoplankton and benthic diatom, keeps 2000～30000/cm2 of benthic diatom quantity; After juvenile mollusk adheres to, can suitably reduce nursery pond water level, generally in 0.5～0.8m left and right, be beneficial to benthic diatom breeding, provide juvenile mollusk to ingest; If meet cold air, northeaster or hot weather, should flood and cover clam seedling in case water temperature is suddenlyd change or rolled silt; When natural bait is not enough, meet spring tide to change water more, little tidewater throw something and feed soya-bean milk or juvenile prawn manufactured feed, every day feeding volume 0.5-1.5ppm.Every 7-15 days drains Chi Shui, dry reveal airing pond at the bottom of, be beneficial to benthic diatom breeding, improve bottom environment, alleviate seedling and suffocate, and reach experienced seedling and strong sprout object.Juvenile mollusk adheres to latter 10 days shell length can reach 396-420 μ m, and outlet pipe forms, and adheres to latter about 40 days, shell reaches 1400-1500u, and water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe all forms, and decorative pattern appears in shell surface, being similar to into shellfish is grains of sand seedling, starts to bury the life of dwelling, and juvenile mollusk survival rate can reach 80-90%.
Regularly measure temperature of fry nursing pool, salinity, pH value, transparency and dissolved oxygen every day; Every 10 days, measure kind and the quantity of ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide and food organisms;
By abovementioned technology, can cultivate ten thousand of Ruditapes philippinarum grains of sand seedling 3000-8000 (the average long 1-2mm of shell), enter afterwards the Ruditapes philippinarum sea area seed intermediate rearing stage for every mu;
8) seed intermediate rearing sea area is selected: during Ruditapes philippinarum seed intermediate rearing should be chosen in, low tidal region, sea area stormy waves is tranquil, physical features is smooth, substrate is argillo arenaceous, and silt content is 25-35%, seawater velocity 15-25 ㎝/second, full sea depth of water 4-6m left and right, the dry 2-3 hour that reveals of large morning and evening tides, little morning and evening tides is dry revealing not, beach area 1000-5000 mu;
9) beach is leveled: from the beginning of beach is leveled, remove gravel, shell and foreign material annual November, turns over, tans by the sun, harrows pine, encloses awns fill, in cultivation, district builds 5 Mang Di, be " saying " font, bottom width 0.5-1m, the wide 0.3-0.5m of levee crown, the high 0.3-0.8m of dike, and purse seine protection on external wall, net height 2m, mesh 2 ㎝, to avoid large-scale harmful organisms invasion, improve seed rearing survival rate; Tidewater can cover Mang Di, and ebb beach face is dry revealing not, can retain beach face depth of water 0.3-0.8m; Excavation central sulcus and circular groove, the whole field of razor clam of Parallel to the flow direction, the wide 5m of the field of razor clam, the seedling field of razor clam is long according to ground type and determine, the table of field of razor clam face soil rake is thin, rake deeply, weed and loosen the soil flatly, make field of razor clam face soft and smooth, Lve Cheng highway shape; Adopt seedling in this half dike formula retaining method intermediate rearing Ruditapes philippinarum, both can avoid when ebbing tide dry revealing beach face be exposed to the sun by burning sun or heavy rain washes away, again can heat-preserving anti-freezing, and extend clam seedling and take the photograph the bait time, accelerate its growth rate
10) juvenile mollusk is transplanted: December, early and middle ten days drained into 25-35cm by larval rearing water every year, with 40-60 object mesh bag by pond at the bottom of table 0.5-2cm left and right thick band seedling silt pack in bag and swing and wash, the long 1-2mm of the shell washing out left and right sand grains seedling is moved grow in sea area, low tidal region cultivates, move and grow ten thousand/m2 of density 1.5-2.0;
11) sea area management: strengthen the inspection of the seedling field of razor clam, reinforce in time Mang Di, repair damaged purse seine.During seed intermediate rearing, during large morning and evening tides, open dike draining once, the airing seedling field of razor clam, in case seedling is covered and is choked to death by mud.Be coated with the too completely mashed seedling field of razor clam of mud, surrounding should be excavated ditch, keeps the field of razor clam thin-skinned and real.If field of razor clam face is washed out and should fill and lead up in time by wave, ditch is stopped up and will be dredged in time.At the beginning of last month of spring in winter, should remove in time the Enteromorpha on field of razor clam face or evenly spray and kill Enteromorpha with pulverized limestone.Hot summer in severe winter should keep ditch unimpeded through the smooth field of razor clam of conventional push pedal ground, accomplishes to drain after water not ponding of the seedling field of razor clam, in case clam seedling frostbite or scald deadly improves clam shoot survival percent; Through conventional tooth harrow, remove wild short tooth clam, prevent its amount reproduction clam seedling of suffocating that covers the field of razor clam; Prevent a large amount of aquatic birds and the duck group clam seedling of pecking at; Regularly drain water, the harmful organisms such as artificial capture method fish, crab, snail.China must eel, point kiss snake eel and food crab beans tooth eel etc. live in caves between the field of razor clam, endangers greatlyr, often tea cake is smashed to pieces and is mixed upper water, is sprinkling upon equably Cheng Mianshang, and consumption 5-7.5kg/ mu is to kill snake eel class harmful organisms.
12) wash seedling: through 4-5 month, cultivate, clam seedling specification reaches 3000-6000 grain/kg, can start to wash seedling; Seedling selection of time is washed at large tidewater in sea area, at spring tide, open at ebb tide dike and drain water, with swinging the both sides of plate from the field of razor clam, to centre, push away heap 1.2-1.5m, height 1-2cm, in the middle of being shifted onto, shakeouts band seedling silt (clam seedling is because breathing and ingesting and need to climb to top layer), treat that second day scrapes in 10-20 object mesh bag and swing and wash pushing away the band seedling silt that piles up field of razor clam central authorities with plastic scrapers at ebb tide, the white seedling washing out (middle seedling) pack is concentrated on and on foam boat, is transported to culture zone.
Wherein, step 1) Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk population density and substrate relation are very large, and silt content is the highest in more than 90% population density, and sand content is lower in the juvenile mollusk population density below 60%.The preferred sand content of the present invention is more than 70%, and more excellent is more than 80%, and optimum is more than 90%.
Step 2) near the whole furrow of Parallel to the flow direction water inlet, the preferred wide 2m of furrow, ditch depth 30cm, furrow width 50cm, length does not wait and determines according to landform, and furrow face area accounts for nursery pond 5%.
Step 3) optimum condition is as follows: water for larval nursing, through the conic net filtered water inlet 40cm of mesh 1cm, applies carbonic hydroammonium 2ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5ppm; Every 1-2 days, execute carbonic hydroammonium 1ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25ppm is to cultivate basic biological feed again.
In the present invention, step 4) refrigerator car temperature is lower than temperature 5-8 ℃.
In the present invention, step 4) preferably utilize within 8-10 hour, dry in the shade, the water-head stimulation by running water (flow velocity 30-50cm/ second) of alternating temperature 5-8 hour and flood tide.
In the present invention, step 7) quantity of exchanged water is neglected greatly the situations such as water quality, water colour, weather and is determined, and water quality, water colour are bad, and water temperature height changes water more, otherwise changes less.
In the present invention, Enteromorpha control between step 7) nursery stage: Tu Chi gaza, the grains of sand should not be excessively thick, to reduce the attaching substratum of Enteromorpha, when Enteromorpha amount reproduction, is as the criterion at the bottom of water level is down to flood pond, sprays bleaching liquid kill and remove with engine-driven atomiser; Bleaching liquid working concentration is: water temperature 10-15 ℃, 1000-1500ppm; Water temperature 15-20 ℃, 800-1000ppm; Water temperature 20-25 ℃, 500-800ppm.After spraying, 1-4 hour Enteromorpha can be dead, and water inlet, draining be secondary repeatedly; Fish, shrimps can utilize draining in night that it is discharged outside pond; With hand behaviour net, skim cydippid and perinereis aibihitensis Grube under the wind; Drain pond water artificial capture method Saw edge mud crab, swimming crab and sea hare.
Ruditapes philippinarum large area of the present invention reclamation area (the large water surface) seed rearing and sea area seed intermediate rearing technical research and exploitation, broken through Ruditapes philippinarum nursery industry technical bottleneck, a whole set of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing and southern sea area seed intermediate rearing technical matters are provided, survival rate and the yielding stability of growing seedlings that Ruditapes philippinarum is grown seedlings have been improved, realize the industrialization of Ruditapes philippinarum seed and produce, for south China pond culture and northern shallow seabed sowing cultivation development provide seed assurance.Adopt abovementioned technology, can cultivate ten thousand of Ruditapes philippinarum grains of sand seedling 3000-8000 (the average long 1-2mm of shell) for every mu.Seed intermediate rearing survival rate can reach 13-20%, and every mu can be produced ten thousand of white seedling (middle seedling) 130--250, average specification 3000-6000 grain/kg.The technology of the present invention research and development and the very big promotion of application Ruditapes philippinarum are grown seedlings, aquaculture industry, and for fishery economic, development plays an important role.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the growth curve chart of flower clam larvae and spat
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area (the large water surface) offspring seed cultivation method
1) the approximate rectangle of nursery pond (reclamation area), single port area 1000-10000 mu, pond inner slope grouts with random rubble, substrate is argillo arenaceous, silt content is more than 60%, Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk population density and substrate relation are very large, and silt content is the highest in more than 90% population density, and sand content is lower in the juvenile mollusk population density below 60%.The dark general 1.0～3.0m in pond, the depth of water 0.80～2.5m, more than mean depth of water 1.50m.Entering emptying gate quantity can determine according to the reclamation area size of growing seedlings, and in the time of meeting Ruditapes philippinarum and grow seedlings, enters drainage discharge and rate request, and water inlet can be received tide naturally.Enter and in pond, draining sluice gate place, respectively build a short Buffer Pool, in order to avoid punching drags pond bed mud husky while entering draining.The flashboard of piecemeal is installed in drainage gate lock groove, in order to the use of row's superficial water.Water inlet screen pack is that hand is knitted conic net, and size of mesh is bis-kinds of 1cm and 1.5cm, makes 2 covers for every kind, in order to repairing or changing and use.Screen frame is welded with galvanized pipe, and intake gate external brake groove is installed the plane screen frame of mesh 3cm, to stop large-scale foreign material, alleviates screen pack water pressure.
2) rise annual May to nursery pond tan by the sun, desilting.Generally tan by the sun and at the bottom of pond, show soil be full of cracks in 20-30 days, being rich in organic black, smelly mud, with bulldozer, remove, manually remove gravel and the shell in pond simultaneously; At the bottom of polluting lighter pond, turn over, soak, flushing, smooth, and in conjunction with rake pine, promote bed mud organic substance decomposing.Near the whole furrow of Parallel to the flow direction water inlet, the wide 2m of furrow, ditch depth 30cm, furrow width 50cm, length does not wait and determines according to landform, and furrow face area accounts for nursery pond 5%, the table of furrow face soil rake pine is shakeout, and spread fine sand (φ 0.8mm is following) 3-10cm; In the profundal zone that water row is not dry, with tea seed cake 10kg/ mu, kill fish; The hand that is 1cm through size of mesh is knitted conic net filtered water inlet, and the water yield is as the criterion at the bottom of flooding pond; With bleaching powder 50ppm full pool spilling head, after 2 days, drain Chi Shui, then intake, repeatedly secondary.
3) close shellfish, throw in the last week, water for larval nursing, through the conic net filtered water inlet 40cm of mesh 1cm, applies carbonic hydroammonium 2ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5ppm; Every 1-2 days, execute carbonic hydroammonium 1ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25ppm is to cultivate basic biological feed again.
4) annual mid-September, select gonad development good (the sexual gland III phase, above individuality was greater than 70%), stalwartness 1 age shellfish, specification is 200-300 grain/kg.With the dry nursery pond that is transported to of refrigerator car (temperature is lower than temperature 5-8 ℃), evenly to render on furrow face, close shellfish throwing amount is put 50-75kg/ mu.Opened a sluice gate into water evening on the same day, utilize dry in the shade (8-10 hour), the methods such as water-head stimulation by running water (flow velocity 30-50cm/ second) of alternating temperature (amplitude 5-8 ℃) and flood tide induce close shellfish to lay eggs, close shellfish emission index reaches more than 85%.Ruditapes philippinarum gonad is to lay eggs in batches, and the 3-4 of can laying eggs annual mating season criticizes, wherein with first and second batch of discharge capacity maximum.In growing seedlings and producing, general to cultivate the larvae and spat of first and second batch of spawning and hatching, if first and second batch of spatfall amount is few, do not reach production requirement, should cultivate emphatically the 3rd batch.
Under the environmental condition of water body in large, an age parent shellfish in postpartum continues to stay in nursery pond to be cultivated and not to have obvious negative effect floating larvae and juvenile mollusk.One age parent shellfish is discharged after smart ovum, lethality than many ages shellfish low, if the close shellfish in postpartum is pulled out between nursery stage, its operation can be trampled clam seedling, and it is stable to affect pool bottom environment.
5) Ruditapes philippinarum ovum is demersal egg, before ovum is not yet hatched, by regulating the flashboard on drainage gate upper strata, drain the unnecessary seminal fluid in top layer and excreta 20cm(apparent wind the wave is high little and determine, the few greatly row of stormy waves, in case ovum loss, otherwise arrange) more, to keep good water quality environment, incubation rate generally reaches more than 90%.
Cultivate water and filter through the conic net of mesh 1cm, add water level 5-10cm every day, every 2-3 days, apply carbonic hydroammonium 1-2ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25-0.5ppm, maintain phytoplankton density 5000-20000/ml, keep water to be yellow green or yellowish-brown, transparency 40cm left and right.When natural bait is not enough, take soya-bean milk or juvenile prawn is artificial additive food with manufactured feed, every day feeding volume 1ppm.When pH value is on the low side, with quicklime, regulating pH is 8.0-8.7, stable to maintain water quality environment.At water temperature 19.8-25.1 ℃, salinity 27.8-30.7, pH value 8.1-8.3, under the condition of the biological 5000-20000/ml of foundation bait, D shape larva developed into shell top Initial instar larvae through 4-5 days, and shell reaches 120-128 μ m; Cultivation through 9-10 days, shell reaches 175-180 μ m, and shell top is protuberance obviously, and foot is flourishing, and sinking is crawled; After 1-2 days, battalion's end life of dwelling is adhered in metamorphosis, and juvenile mollusk shell that metamorphosis is adhered to is long is 190-230u, and by abovementioned technology, larva survival rate can reach 10-15%, and adhesive rate reaches 90-95%, on average adheres to ten thousand/m2 of density 8-9.
Under normal circumstances, the floating larvae nurturing period is only added not draining of water, just starts row and changes water, in case floating larvae is discharged with water after most of larva adheres to.The juvenile mollusk just having adhered to, quantity of exchanged water every day approximately 1/10 left and right, is then enlarged to 1/3 gradually, and by regulating drainage flashboard, controls and change water water layer, by changing superficial water, transfers layer water that refoots to.When juvenile mollusk shell reaches 500 μ m left and right, mobility strengthens, and takes the photograph bait amount and increases, and now screen pack size of mesh should be changed to 1.5cm by 1cm, to strengthen quantity of exchanged water, increases natural biological bait.Quantity of exchanged water is neglected greatly the situations such as water quality, water colour, weather and is determined, and water quality, water colour are bad, and water temperature height changes water more, otherwise changes less.Quantity of exchanged water is excessive, and Water Factors fluctuation is larger, juvenile mollusk is grown unfavorable.Every 2-3 days, after changing water, execute urea 0.5～1ppm, composite fertilizer 0.25～0.5ppm, cultivates phytoplankton and benthic diatom, keeps 2000～30000/cm2 of benthic diatom quantity.After juvenile mollusk adheres to, can suitably reduce nursery pond water level, generally in 0.5～0.8m left and right, be beneficial to benthic diatom breeding, provide juvenile mollusk to ingest.If meet cold air, northeaster or hot weather, should flood and cover clam seedling in case water temperature is suddenlyd change or rolled silt.When natural bait is not enough, meet spring tide to change water more, little tidewater throw something and feed soya-bean milk or juvenile prawn manufactured feed, every day feeding volume 1ppm.Every 7-15 days drains Chi Shui, dry reveal airing pond at the bottom of, be beneficial to benthic diatom breeding, improve bottom environment, alleviate seedling degree of asphyxia, and reach experienced seedling and strong sprout object.Juvenile mollusk adheres to latter 10 days shell length can reach 396-420 μ m, and outlet pipe forms, and adheres to latter about 40 days, shell reaches 1400-1500u, and water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe all forms, and decorative pattern appears in shell surface, being similar to into shellfish is grains of sand seedling, starts to bury the life of dwelling, and juvenile mollusk survival rate can reach 80-90%.
By abovementioned technology, can cultivate ten thousand of colored clam grains of sand seedling 3000-8000 (the average long 1-2mm of shell) for every mu.
Harmful organisms prevention and control: between nursery stage, main harmful organisms has Enteromorpha, cydippid, perinereis aibihitensis Grube, sea hare, shrimp crab class, sparid class etc.During Enteromorpha amount reproduction, not only consume nutritive salt in water, and the clam seedling of suffocating at the bottom of covering pond, when especially Enteromorpha mortality is rotted, can cause water quality deterioration, cause the mortality of clam seedling.Colored clam floating larvae and juvenile mollusk and jellyfish, fish shrimp crab class can eat.
Enteromorpha control: Tu Chi gaza, the grains of sand should not be excessively thick, to reduce the attaching substratum of Enteromorpha.When Enteromorpha amount reproduction, at the bottom of being down to flood pond, water level is as the criterion, and with engine-driven atomiser, spray bleaching liquid and kill and remove.Bleaching liquid working concentration is: water temperature 10-15 ℃, 1000-1500ppm; Water temperature 15-20 ℃, 800-1000ppm; Water temperature 20-25 ℃, 500-800ppm.After spraying, 1-4 hour Enteromorpha can be dead, and water inlet, draining be secondary repeatedly.
Other harmful organisms controls: fish, shrimps can utilize draining in night that it is discharged outside pond; With hand behaviour net, skim cydippid and perinereis aibihitensis Grube under the wind; Drain pond water artificial capture method Saw edge mud crab, swimming crab and sea hare.
Water quality monitoring: regularly measure temperature of fry nursing pool, salinity, pH value, transparency and dissolved oxygen every day.Every 10 days, measure kind and the quantity of ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide and food organisms.
Carry out Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area artificial breeding in 1400 mu of reclamation areas of Xiuyu District, Putian Western Hills in September, 2005, is below between nursery stage, grow seedlings reclamation area water environment and the testing result of the biotic habitat factor and the number of larvae and spat and growth measurement
Parent shellfish is hastened parturition: 24.2 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 28.3, pH value 8.2, transparency 38cm, dissolved oxygen 5.6mg/L.
Floating larvae is cultivated: water temperature 19.8-25.1 ℃, salinity 27.8-30.7, pH value 8.1-8.3, transparency 32-58cm, dissolved oxygen 4.3-6.8mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 0.035-0.069mg/L, hydrogen sulphide 0.003-0.006mg/L.Phytoplankton species has rotary strainer algae, boat-shaped algae, month shape algae, knee algae, flat algae, spherical algae etc., and Chaetoceros is sociales, and the food organisms of take below 10um are as most, accounts for more than 90%, and its quantity is 5500-20300/ml.
Juvenile mollusk is cultivated: water temperature 16.6-26.7 ℃, salinity 29.5-31.3, pH value 7.9-8.6, transparency 35-65cm, dissolved oxygen 4.1-7.9mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 0.065-0.089mg/L, hydrogen sulphide 0.005-0.009mg/L.It is sociales that phytoplankton species be take boat-shaped algae, Chaetoceros, and biomass is up to 355/ml, average 121.6/ml.Benthic diatom be take boat-shaped algae as sociales, accounts for 53～97% of benthic diatom total amount, is secondly rhombus algae, month shape algae etc.2100～29600/cm of benthic diatom quantity
2.
The quantity of larvae and spat and growth measurement: the floating larvae nurturing period, adopt full water layer sampling method every day, get 9-20 water sample, counting floating larvae quantity, observes larvae development situation; Juvenile mollusk breeding phase, adheres to juvenile mollusk quantity every within 5 days, extracting 10 Cans (before juvenile mollusk do not adhere to, bury 200 Cans at reclamation area bottom even, fasten buoy mark so that sampling check) counting, measures adhere to juvenile mollusk growth every 10 days.Fig. 1 is the Ruditapes philippinarum larva of mensuration when in September, 2005, seminar carried out the seed rearing production of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area in 1400 mu of reclamation areas of Xiuyu District, Putian Western Hills and the growth curve of juvenile mollusk.
Embodiment 2 Ruditapes philippinarum sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate methods
1) during Ruditapes philippinarum seed intermediate rearing should be chosen in, low tidal region.Sea area stormy waves is tranquil, and physical features is smooth, and substrate is argillo arenaceous, and silt content is 25-35%, seawater velocity 15-25 ㎝/second, full sea depth of water 4-6m left and right, the dry 2-3 hour that reveals of large morning and evening tides, the dry dew of little morning and evening tides, beach area 1000-5000 mu.
2) from the beginning of beach is leveled, remove gravel, shell and foreign material annual November, turn over, tan by the sun, harrow pine, enclose awns fill.In cultivation, district builds 5 Mang Di, is " saying " font, bottom width 0.5-1m, and the wide 0.3-0.5m of levee crown, the high 0.3-0.8m of dike, and purse seine protection on external wall, net height 2m, mesh 2 ㎝, to avoid large-scale harmful organisms invasion, improve seed rearing survival rate.Tidewater can cover Mang Di, and ebb beach face is dry revealing not, can retain beach face depth of water 0.3-0.8m.Excavation central sulcus and circular groove, the whole field of razor clam of Parallel to the flow direction, the wide 5m of the field of razor clam, the seedling field of razor clam is long according to ground type and determine, the table of field of razor clam face soil rake is thin, rake deeply, weed and loosen the soil flatly, make field of razor clam face soft and smooth, Lve Cheng highway shape.Adopt this half dike formula retaining method intermediate rearing Ruditapes philippinarum seed, both can avoid when ebbing tide dry revealing beach face be exposed to the sun by burning sun or heavy rain washes away, again can heat-preserving anti-freezing, and extend clam seedling and take the photograph the bait time, accelerate its growth rate.
3) December, early and middle ten days drained into 30cm left and right by larval rearing water every year, with 40-60 object mesh bag by pond at the bottom of the thick band seedling silt in 1cm left and right, top layer pack in bag and swing and wash, the long 1-2mm of the shell washing out left and right sand grains seedling is moved grow in sea area, low tidal region cultivates, move and grow ten thousand/m of density 1.5-2.0
2.
4) strengthen the inspection of the seedling field of razor clam, reinforce in time Mang Di, repair damaged purse seine.During seed intermediate rearing, during large morning and evening tides, open dike draining once, the airing seedling field of razor clam, in case seedling is covered and is choked to death by mud.Be coated with the too completely mashed seedling field of razor clam of mud, surrounding should be excavated ditch, keeps the field of razor clam thin-skinned and real.If field of razor clam face is washed out and should fill and lead up in time by wave, ditch is stopped up and will be dredged in time.At the beginning of last month of spring in winter, should remove in time the Enteromorpha on field of razor clam face or evenly spray and kill Enteromorpha with pulverized limestone.Hot summer in severe winter should keep ditch unimpeded through the smooth field of razor clam of conventional push pedal ground, accomplishes to drain after water not ponding of the seedling field of razor clam, in case clam seedling frostbite or scald deadly improves clam shoot survival percent; Through conventional tooth harrow, remove wild short tooth clam, prevent its amount reproduction clam seedling of suffocating that covers the field of razor clam; Prevent a large amount of aquatic birds and the duck group clam seedling of pecking at; Regularly drain water, the harmful organisms such as artificial capture method fish, crab, snail.China must eel, point kiss snake eel and food crab beans tooth eel etc. live in caves between the field of razor clam, endangers greatlyr, often tea cake is smashed to pieces and is mixed upper water, is sprinkling upon equably Cheng Mianshang, and consumption 5-7.5kg/ mu is to kill snake eel class harmful organisms.
5) through 4-5 month, cultivate, clam seedling specification reaches 3000-6000 grain/kg, can start to wash seedling.Seedling selection of time is washed at large tidewater in sea area, at spring tide, open at ebb tide dike and drain water, with swinging the both sides of plate from the field of razor clam, to centre, push away heap 1.2-1.5m, height 1-2cm, in the middle of being shifted onto, shakeouts band seedling silt (clam seedling is because breathing and ingesting and need to climb to top layer), treat that second day scrapes in 10-20 object mesh bag and swing and wash pushing away the band seedling silt that piles up field of razor clam central authorities with plastic scrapers at ebb tide, the white seedling washing out (middle seedling) pack is concentrated on and on foam boat, is transported to culture zone.
Adopt abovementioned technology, large area sea area Ruditapes philippinarum seed intermediate rearing survival rate can reach 13-20%, and every mu can be produced ten thousand of white seedling (middle seedling) 130--250 (average specification 3000-6000 grain/kg).
Claims (8)
1. Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing and a sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, it comprises the steps:
1) nursery pond construction: nursery pond is similar to rectangle, single port area 1000-10000 mu, pond inner slope grouts with random rubble, and substrate is argillo arenaceous, and silt content is more than 60%, the dark 1.0～3.0m in pond, the depth of water 0.80～2.5m, more than mean depth of water 1.50m; Enter emptying gate quantity and determine according to the reclamation area size of growing seedlings, in the time of meeting Ruditapes philippinarum and grow seedlings, enter drainage discharge and rate request, water inlet can be received tide naturally; Enter and in pond, draining sluice gate place, respectively build a short Buffer Pool, in order to avoid punching drags pond bed mud husky while entering draining; In drainage gate lock groove, piecemeal flashboard is installed, in order to the use of row's superficial water; Water inlet screen pack is that hand is knitted conic net, and size of mesh is bis-kinds of 1cm and 1.5cm, makes 2 covers for every kind, in order to repairing or changing and use; Screen frame is welded with galvanized pipe, and intake gate external brake groove is installed the plane screen frame of mesh 3cm, to stop large-scale foreign material, alleviates screen pack water pressure;
2) nursery pond is leveled: rise annual May to nursery pond tan by the sun, desilting; Tan by the sun and at the bottom of pond, show soil be full of cracks in 20-30 days, being rich in organic black, smelly mud, with bulldozer, remove, manually remove gravel and the shell in pond simultaneously; At the bottom of polluting lighter pond, turn over, soak, flushing, smooth, and in conjunction with rake pine, promote bed mud organic substance decomposing; Near the whole furrow of Parallel to the flow direction water inlet, the wide 1.5-2.5m of furrow, ditch depth 25-35cm, furrow width 40-60cm, length does not wait and determines according to landform, and furrow face area accounts for nursery pond 4-6%, the table of furrow face soil rake pine is shakeout, and spread the following fine sand 3-10cm of φ 0.8mm; In the not dry profundal zone of water row, with tea seed cake, kill fish; The hand that is 1cm through size of mesh is knitted conic net filtered water inlet, and the water yield is as the criterion at the bottom of flooding pond; With bleaching powder 40-60ppm full pool spilling head, after 2 days, drain Chi Shui, then intake, repeatedly secondary;
3) nursery pond culture of living feeds: throw in the last week close shellfish, water for larval nursing, through the conic net filtered water inlet 35-45cm of mesh 1cm, applies carbonic hydroammonium 1-3ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.7ppm; Every 1-2 days, execute carbonic hydroammonium 0.5-1.5ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5ppm is to cultivate basic biological feed again;
4) close shellfish is selected and hastens parturition: annual mid-September, select gonad development good, the sexual gland III phase, above individuality was greater than 70%, stalwartness 1 age shellfish, specification is 200-300 grain/kg; With the dry nursery pond that is transported to of refrigerator car, evenly render on furrow face close shellfish injected volume 50-75kg/ mu; Opened a sluice gate into water evening on the same day, utilize dry in the shade, the water-head stimulation by running water of alternating temperature and flood tide induces close shellfish to lay eggs, and close shellfish emission index is reached more than 85%; Ruditapes philippinarum gonad is laid eggs in batches, and the 3-4 of can laying eggs annual mating season criticizes, wherein with first and second batch of discharge capacity maximum; In growing seedlings and producing, general to cultivate the larvae and spat of first and second batch of spawning and hatching, if first and second batch of spatfall amount is few, do not reach production requirement, should cultivate emphatically the 3rd batch; Under the environmental condition of water body in large, an age in postpartum, close shellfish continued to stay in nursery pond;
5) wash ovum, hatching: Ruditapes philippinarum ovum is demersal egg, before ovum is not yet hatched, by regulating the flashboard on drainage gate upper strata, the seminal fluid that the top layer of draining is unnecessary and excreta 15-25cm, to keep good water quality environment, incubation rate generally reaches more than 90%;
6) floating larvae is cultivated: cultivate water and filter through the conic net of mesh 1cm, add water level 5-10cm every day, every 2-3 days, apply carbonic hydroammonium 1-2ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25-0.5ppm, maintain phytoplankton density 5000-20000/ml, keep water to be yellow green or yellowish-brown, transparency 35-45cm; When natural bait is not enough, take soya-bean milk or juvenile prawn is artificial additive food with manufactured feed, every day feeding volume 0.5-1.5ppm; When pH value is on the low side, with quicklime, regulating pH is 8.0-8.7, stable to maintain water quality environment; At water temperature 19.8-25.1 ℃, salinity 27.8-30.7, pH value 8.1-8.3, under the condition of the biological 5000-20000/ml of foundation bait, D shape larva developed into shell top Initial instar larvae through 4-5 days, and shell reaches 120-128 μ m; Cultivation through 9-10 days, shell reaches 175-180 μ m, and shell top is protuberance obviously, and foot is flourishing, and sinking is crawled; After 1-2 days, battalion's end life of dwelling is adhered in metamorphosis, and juvenile mollusk shell that metamorphosis is adhered to is long is 190-230 μ m;
7) adhering to juvenile mollusk cultivates: under normal circumstances, the floating larvae nurturing period is only added not draining of water, just starts row and changes water, in case floating larvae is discharged with water after most of larva adheres to; The juvenile mollusk just having adhered to, every day, quantity of exchanged water 1/15-1/5, was then enlarged to 1/3 gradually, and by regulating drainage flashboard, controlled and change water water layer, by changing superficial water, transferred layer water that refoots to; When juvenile mollusk shell reaches 400-600 μ m, mobility strengthens, and takes the photograph bait amount and increases, and now screen pack size of mesh is changed to 1.5cm by 1cm, to strengthen quantity of exchanged water, increases natural biological bait; Every 2-3 days, after changing water, execute urea 0.5～1ppm, composite fertilizer 0.25～0.5ppm, cultivates phytoplankton and benthic diatom, keeps 2000～30000/cm of benthic diatom quantity
2; After juvenile mollusk adheres to, can suitably reduce nursery pond water level, generally at 0.5～0.8m, be beneficial to benthic diatom breeding, provide juvenile mollusk to ingest; If meet cold air, northeaster or hot weather, should flood and cover clam seedling in case water temperature is suddenlyd change or rolled silt; When natural bait is not enough, meet spring tide to change water more, little tidewater throw something and feed soya-bean milk or juvenile prawn manufactured feed, every day feeding volume 0.5-1.5ppm; Every 7-15 days drains Chi Shui, dry reveal airing pond at the bottom of, be beneficial to benthic diatom breeding, improve bottom environment, alleviate seedling and suffocate, and reach experienced seedling and strong sprout object; Juvenile mollusk adheres to latter 10 days shell length can reach 396-420 μ m, and outlet pipe forms, and adheres to latter about 40 days, shell reaches 1400-1500 μ m, and water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe all forms, and decorative pattern appears in shell surface, being similar to into shellfish is grains of sand seedling, starts battalion and buries the life of dwelling, and juvenile mollusk survival rate can reach 80-90%;
8) seed intermediate rearing sea area is selected: during Ruditapes philippinarum seed intermediate rearing should be chosen in, low tidal region, sea area stormy waves is tranquil, physical features is smooth, substrate is argillo arenaceous, and silt content is 25-35%, seawater velocity 15-25 ㎝/second, full sea depth of water 4-6m left and right, the dry 2-3 hour that reveals of large morning and evening tides, little morning and evening tides is dry revealing not, beach area 1000-5000 mu;
9) beach is leveled: from the beginning of beach is leveled, remove gravel, shell and foreign material annual November, turns over, tans by the sun, harrows pine, encloses awns fill, in cultivation, district builds 5 Mang Di, be " saying " font, bottom width 0.5-1m, the wide 0.3-0.5m of levee crown, the high 0.3-0.8m of dike, and purse seine protection on external wall, net height 2m, mesh 2 ㎝, to avoid large-scale harmful organisms invasion, improve seed rearing survival rate; Tidewater can cover Mang Di, and ebb beach face is dry revealing not, can retain beach face depth of water 0.3-0.8m; Excavation central sulcus and circular groove, the whole field of razor clam of Parallel to the flow direction, the wide 5m of the field of razor clam, the seedling field of razor clam is long according to ground type and determine, the table of field of razor clam face soil rake is thin, rake deeply, weed and loosen the soil flatly, make field of razor clam face soft and smooth;
10) juvenile mollusk is transplanted: December, early and middle ten days drained into 25-35cm by larval rearing water every year, with 40-60 object mesh bag by pond at the bottom of table 0.5-2cm thick band seedling silt pack in bag and swing and wash, the long 1-2mm of the shell washing out left and right sand grains seedling is moved grow in sea area, low tidal region cultivates, move and grow ten thousand/m of density 1.5-2.0
2;
11), sea area management: strengthen the inspection of the seedling field of razor clam, reinforce in time Mang Di, repair damaged purse seine.During seed intermediate rearing, during large morning and evening tides, open dike draining once, the airing seedling field of razor clam, in case seedling is covered and is choked to death by mud; Be coated with the too completely mashed seedling field of razor clam of mud, surrounding excavation ditch, keeps the field of razor clam thin-skinned and real; If field of razor clam face is washed out and should fill and lead up in time by wave, ditch is stopped up and will be dredged in time; At the beginning of last month of spring in winter, should remove in time the Enteromorpha on field of razor clam face or evenly spray and kill Enteromorpha with pulverized limestone; Hot summer in severe winter should keep ditch unimpeded through the smooth field of razor clam of conventional push pedal ground, accomplishes to drain after water not ponding of the seedling field of razor clam, in case clam seedling frostbite or scald deadly improves clam shoot survival percent; Through conventional tooth harrow, remove wild short tooth clam, prevent its amount reproduction clam seedling of suffocating that covers the field of razor clam; Prevent a large amount of aquatic birds and the duck group clam seedling of pecking at; Regularly drain water, the harmful organisms such as artificial capture method fish, crab, snail; China must eel, point kiss snake eel and food crab beans tooth eel live in caves between the field of razor clam, endanger greatlyr, often tea cake is smashed to pieces and is mixed upper water, is sprinkling upon equably Cheng Mianshang, and consumption 5-7.5kg/ mu is to kill the life of snake eel class harmful animal;
12) wash seedling: through 4-5 month, cultivate, clam seedling specification reaches 3000-6000 grain/kg, can start to wash seedling; Seedling selection of time is washed at large tidewater in sea area, at spring tide, open at ebb tide dike and drain water, with swinging the both sides of plate from the field of razor clam, to centre, push away heap 1.2-1.5m, height 1-2cm, in the middle of being shifted onto, shakeouts band seedling silt, treat that second day scrapes in 10-20 object mesh bag and swing and wash pushing away the band seedling silt that piles up field of razor clam central authorities with plastic scrapers at ebb tide, the middle seedling pack washing out is concentrated on and on foam boat, is transported to culture zone.
2. a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing as claimed in claim 1 and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, is characterized in that: step 1) substrate selects silt content more than 90%.
3. a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing as claimed in claim 1 and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, it is characterized in that: step 2) near the whole furrow of Parallel to the flow direction water inlet, the wide 2m of furrow, ditch depth 30cm, furrow width 50cm, length does not wait and determines according to landform, and furrow face area accounts for nursery pond 5%.
4. a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing as claimed in claim 1 and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, it is characterized in that: step 3) water for larval nursing is through the conic net filtered water inlet 40cm of mesh 1cm, apply carbonic hydroammonium 2ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5ppm; Every 1-2 days, execute carbonic hydroammonium 1ppm, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.25ppm is to cultivate basic biological feed again.
5. a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing as claimed in claim 1 and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, is characterized in that: step 4) refrigerator car temperature is lower than temperature 5-8 ℃.
6. a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing as claimed in claim 1 and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, is characterized in that: step 4) utilize within 8-10 hour, dry in the shade, the water-head flowing water flow velocity 30-50cm/ of alternating temperature 5-8 ℃ and flood tide stimulates to lay eggs second.
7. a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing as claimed in claim 1 and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, it is characterized in that: step 7) quantity of exchanged water is neglected greatly the situations such as water quality, water colour, weather and determined, water quality, water colour are bad, and water temperature height changes water more, otherwise changes less.
8. a kind of Ruditapes philippinarum large area reclamation area seed rearing as claimed in claim 1 and sea area seed continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method, it is characterized in that: Enteromorpha control between step 7) nursery stage: Tu Chi gaza, the grains of sand should not be excessively thick, to reduce the attaching substratum of Enteromorpha, when Enteromorpha amount reproduction, at the bottom of water level is down to flood pond, be as the criterion, with engine-driven atomiser injection bleaching liquid, kill and remove; Bleaching liquid working concentration is: water temperature 10-15 ℃, 1000-1500ppm; Water temperature 15-20 ℃, 800-1000ppm; Water temperature 20-25 ℃, 500-800ppm.After spraying, 1-4 hour Enteromorpha can be dead, and water inlet, draining be secondary repeatedly; Other harmful organisms control between nursery stage: fish, shrimps can utilize draining in night that it is discharged outside pond; With hand behaviour net, skim cydippid and perinereis aibihitensis Grube under the wind; Drain pond water artificial capture method Saw edge mud crab, swimming crab and sea hare.
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Application publication date: 20140806 |