CN104304137A

CN104304137A - Method for continuously breeding artificially-collected larvae of ruditapes philippinarum

Info

Publication number: CN104304137A
Application number: CN201410672014.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毛艳玲
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-11-22
Filing date: 2014-11-22
Publication date: 2015-01-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for continuously breeding artificially-collected larvae of ruditapes philippinarum. The method mainly includes the following steps: (1) a natural sea beach is selected to serve as a continuous breeding field; (2) a breeding beach range is separated from the periphery through plastic boards to prevent the ruditapes philippinarum from escaping and facilitate feeding; (3) pre-disinfection treatment is carried out on the breeding beach; (4) the collected or purchased larvae of the ruditapes philippinarum are evenly put into the breeding field in a high-density mode; (5) feed is immediately put after the ebb, and a thin water layer is kept for five hours; (6) inner-field surface residuals should be completely washed away through seawater; (7) when the adult ruditapes philippinarum is harvested, the ruditapes philippinarum in the sizes meeting the requirement is screened through a screen, and larvae, with the number the same as the number of the screened-out adult ruditapes philippinarum, of the ruditapes philippinarum are additionally put into the field. By means of the method for continuously breeding the artificially-collected larvae of the ruditapes philippinarum, continuous breeding is carried out through the artificially-collected larvae, the natural larvae of the ruditapes philippinarum can obtain sufficient feed and the natural environment, growing is rapid, the breeding time is greatly shortened, and the ruditapes philippinarum can be rapidly supplied to the market.

Description

The artificial seeding of a kind of flower clam continues cultural method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method spending clam, the artificial seeding particularly relating to colored clam continues cultural method, belongs to mariculture technology field.

Background technology

Flower clam (phonetic: hu ā-g é; Formal name used at school: Ruditapes philippinarum) belong to Veneridae, have another name called Philippine curtain clam or Ruditapes philippinarum, south is commonly called as colored clam.Shell is oval.Chitin heavily fortified point is thick, expands.Shell top is slightly outstanding, bends slightly to the front.Flower clam is extensively distributed in South China North China Sea Waters, Korea S and Japan, and rapidly, the culture-cycle is short in its growth, strong adaptability (wide temperature, wide salt, extensively distribution), out-of-water survival time is long, is a kind of excellent shellfish being suitable for artificial high-density breeding, is one of China's four large cultivated shellfishes.The advantage shellfish of Hua Hashi China offshore beach is also the high-quality aquatic/marine animals that a kind of economic worth is higher.In recent years; Coastal beach is caught owing to excessively adopting; flower clam natural resources is tending towards that supply falls short of demand, carries out propagating artificially of colored clam and can be that China spends the supplementing of clam resource naturally, sustainable use pattern provides effective way, thus creates good economic benefit and ecological benefits.The cultivation of flower clam needs a large amount of clam seedlings, and general propagating artificially is all wait for that the natural propagation of flower clam is emerged, but it is long to expend time in like this, and culturing economic income is little.The a large amount of natural clam seedling of beach due to natural bait not enough, growth is too slow again, naturally adopts the speed that the speed of catching often is greater than growth, causes colored clam that market is sold more and more less, and colored clam rare numbers greatly, price is more and more higher.

Summary of the invention

The present invention be adopt artificial nature to collect seedling to overcome the overlong time of propagating breeding flower clam seedling artificially to continue foster, reach and shorten the breeding clam seedling time, the clam seedling that nature also can be made to collect can obtain the sufficient supplies of artificial feed, high density is intensive to be propagated artificially, grow fast, can fast supply market.

A kind of flower clam artificial seeding cultural method that continues realizes as follows: one, select natural seabeach to be coated with as continuing farming site, beach sand is thick will more than 0.5 meter, sandy fine and soft, clean, beach is comparatively smooth, seawater rises covers when moving back or appears obvious, and sea water layer thickness 1 meter is advisable at the incoming tide; Two, separate with plastic plate and periphery within the scope of the beach of cultivation, water inlet be reserved, inside enclose and can be advisable by aquifer 5 ~ 10cm, in order to avoid flower clam escapes to become estranged be beneficial to forage feed; Three, carry out pre-sterilization process to Rearing shore, method soaks 24 hours with 5 ~ 10ppm concentration chlorine dioxide sea water solution at ebb tide, then cleans up with flood tide seawater; Four, the colored clam seedling gathered or purchase evenly is invested in plant, 1 ~ 20,000 seedling can be thrown in for every mu; Five, throw in feed on the ebb after immediately carry out and keep thin water layer 5 hours, feed formula mass ratio is: fish meal 18 parts, soya-bean cake 17 parts, groundnut cake 15 parts, corn flour 16 parts, pig bone calcium powder 5 parts, lysine 0.5 part, multivitamin 0.5 part, seawood meal 20 parts; Six, inner surface residue in field will allow the seawater swash of wave clean; With screen cloth, the clam meeting size is screened when seven, gathering in the crops into clam, and in field, add the clam seedling of equal number.

Above-mentioned artificial feed need to be made into pellet on chip with commercial binder manual method, and conventional adhesive is sodium alginate, and its addition is 1 ~ 5% of feeding quality.Artificial feed feeding method is: when changing re-injection water after water, equal dispenser is thrown something and fed at every turn.Usually change water to throw something and feed before feed and need to select some flower clams to carry out body weight determination in advance immediately, then according to throwing seedling amount, flower clam body weight in culturing pool is estimated, and determine the feeding volume of feed according to this amount estimated.

Time necessary, also need the step adding disease control in breeding process, comprise the prevention and management of disease:

1. prevention of damage by disease: in artificial feed process for preparation, adds antibiotic in the ratio of 10 ~ 20 mg/kg feeds, throws something and feeds continuously 5 ~ 7 days; The antibiotic of the preferred cephalosporins of wherein said antibiotic or penicillins; 2. disease management: when bacteriosis occurs on a large scale, with the penicillin solution full pool spilling head 5 ~ 7 days that concentration is 5 ~ 8ppm, and be that the bleaching liquid of 10 ~ 20ppm carries out disinfection by substrate concentration, after 24 hours, eluriate totally with fresh sand filter seawater comprehensively.

A kind of continue beneficial effect of cultural method of clam artificial seeding of spending is: a kind of flower clam artificial seeding cultural method that continues utilizes artificial seeding to carry out the cultivation that continues, natural beach simply encloses collection place and carries out highdensity cultivation, make nature clam seedling can obtain sufficient feed, naturally environment, grow up fast, culturing time shortens widely, can fast supply market.

Embodiment

The one flower of the present invention clam artificial seeding cultivation side that continues is conducted further description, should comprise the steps:

One, mudflat aquaculture field is set up, substrate layer, sandy layer, sea water layer is followed successively by from bottom to top in, substrate layer thickness is more than .5 rice, sea water layer flood tide thickness about 1 meter, sandy fine and soft, clean, edge, place plastic plate enclosure, be advisable higher than 5 ~ 10 centimetres, sapin face in enclosure limit, want there is any discrepancy the mouth of a river, water in-out port has switching mechanism.

Two, sand bed sterilization: clean up with flood tide seawater after soaking 24 hours with the chlorine dioxide sea water solution of 5 ~ 1oppm;

Three, collection or purchase flower clam seedling are thrown in, and the specification that clam seedling need not be identical, can be not of uniform size, and throwing in density is every mu, 1 ~ 20,000 tail;

Four, artifical compound feed is raised, throw in feed on the ebb after immediately carry out and keep thin water layer 5 hours, feed formula mass ratio is: fish meal 18 parts, soya-bean cake 17 parts, groundnut cake 15 parts, corn flour 16 parts, pig bone calcium powder 5 parts, lysine 0.5 part, multivitamin 0.5 part, seawood meal 20 parts; Six, inner surface residue in field will allow the seawater swash of wave clean

Five, the prevention of damage by disease in process is raised: field inner surface residue will allow the seawater swash of wave clean, in artificial feed process for preparation, adds antibiotic in the ratio of 10 ~ 20 mg/kg feeds, throws something and feeds continuously 5 ~ 7 days; Raise the disease management in process: when bacteriosis occurs on a large scale, with the penicillin solution full pool spilling head 5 ~ 7 days that concentration is 5 ~ 8ppm, and be that the bleaching liquid of 10 ~ 20ppm carries out disinfection by substrate concentration, after 24 hours, eluriate totally with fresh sand filter seawater comprehensively.

six,with screen cloth, the clam meeting size is screened when gathering in the crops into clam, and in field, add the clam seedling of equal number.

Claims

1. the colored clam artificial seeding cultural method that continues realizes as follows: one, select natural seabeach to be coated with as continuing farming site, beach sand is thick will more than 0.5 meter, sandy fine and soft, clean, beach is comparatively smooth, seawater rises covers when moving back or appears obvious, and sea water layer thickness 1 meter is advisable at the incoming tide; Two, separate with plastic plate and periphery within the scope of the beach of cultivation, water inlet be reserved, inside enclose and can be advisable by aquifer 5 ~ 10cm, in order to avoid flower clam escapes to become estranged be beneficial to forage feed; Three, carry out pre-sterilization process to Rearing shore, method soaks 24 hours with 5 ~ 10ppm concentration chlorine dioxide sea water solution at ebb tide, then cleans up with flood tide seawater; Four, the colored clam seedling gathered or purchase evenly is invested in plant, 1 ~ 20,000 seedling can be thrown in for every mu; Five, throw in feed on the ebb after immediately carry out and keep thin water layer 5 hours, feed formula mass ratio is: fish meal 18 parts, soya-bean cake 17 parts, groundnut cake 15 parts, corn flour 16 parts, pig bone calcium powder 5 parts, lysine 0.5 part, multivitamin 0.5 part, seawood meal 20 parts; Six, inner surface residue in field will allow the seawater swash of wave clean; With screen cloth, the clam meeting size is screened when seven, gathering in the crops into clam, and in field, add the clam seedling of equal number.