CN1484946A - Fry anaphase intermediate formation method adapated for seashell of shallows-tidal-flat area - Google Patents
Fry anaphase intermediate formation method adapated for seashell of shallows-tidal-flat area Download PDFInfo
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- CN1484946A CN1484946A CNA02133031XA CN02133031A CN1484946A CN 1484946 A CN1484946 A CN 1484946A CN A02133031X A CNA02133031X A CN A02133031XA CN 02133031 A CN02133031 A CN 02133031A CN 1484946 A CN1484946 A CN 1484946A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
It relates to an method of intermediate rearing mussel germchits during later period in shallows. When the germchits are cultivated during later period at natural cultivating sea zones, the germchits are cultivated in string bags, and hanged at buoyant rafts and cultivated. The method comprises: transferring juvenile mollusks with the 0.4-0.5mm shells in length into string bags, 5,000-11,000 juvenile mollusks in a string bag, assembling 6-10 bags into a bundle, assembling 10-15 bundles into a string, the distance between strings is 15-30cm; the distance between the string ropes is 1.0-1.5m; when the juvenile mollusks grow into 1.5-2.0mm, changing string bags, the cultivating density is reduced to 2,000-3,000 per bag; when the juvenile mollusks grow into 3-5mm, they will be transferred into sea zones for cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the middle technology of breeding of later stage of intertidal shellfish, providing a kind of later stage centre of intertidal shellfishs such as Ruditapes philippinarum that is applicable to breed method especially, is by at natural waters, holds juvenile mollusk with mesh bag, keep hanging on the buoyant raft, realize breeding in the middle of efficient, the safe later stage.
Background technology
It is important technical links in the intertidal shellfish artificial breeding techniques such as Ruditapes philippinarum that technology is bred in the centre.Ruditapes philippinarum Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams et Reeve) is universal kind, and all there is distribution in China from south to northern coastal waters.2 ages, above adult shell length was 2.5～4.5cm, shell oval and expansion, and left and right sides shell equates, and it is the concentric growth line at center with the shell top that the shell face has comparatively level and smooth, and shell face decorative pattern is assorted.Ruditapes philippinarum belongs to the embedded type shellfish, and happiness occupy in sand content reaches at the bottom of the beach substrate about 80%, slips under the normal condition at the end in and lives, and comfort zone is 5 ℃～28 ℃, and suitable salt is 15～34, is food with phytoplankton and organic debris.The Huanghai Sea and Bohai Sea lasts till October from May mating season, but the breeding peak can be grown to 0.3～1.0 centimetre then in 5～June and 9～October.Biological minimum is 1.5cm, and the accessibility maturation forms the reproduction peak next year then, 5～10 years life-spans.The Ruditapes philippinarum gonochorism, but minority hermaphroditism is arranged, adult female gonad is milk yellow, male gonad is creamy white.
Intertidal shellfishs such as Ruditapes philippinarum occupy critical role in China's mariculture industry, with the Ruditapes philippinarum is example, annual production in recent years is more than 100～2,000,000 tons, the selling market from the past mainly be the domestic market, now expanded and entered the international market, price also constantly soaring, has very big market prospects.The seed of culturing usefulness in the past mainly relies on from natural waters and obtains, but in recent years owing to the continuous expansion of the scale of breed, the seed shortage is serious day by day, has seriously restricted the development of the aquaculture of Ruditapes philippinarum.Therefore, the total man worker of the healthy seedling of development Ruditapes philippinarum cultivates, and is imperative.
The technology of intertidal shellfish (as Ruditapes philippinarum) seed production at present is to gather natural seeding, wild fry, seedling rearing in earth ponds or Tu Chi half artificial breeding mostly.Wherein, centre for juvenile mollusk is bred, and the method that extensively adopts is the natural beach that utilizes Tu Chi (for example shrimp pond, open-air cistern etc.) or have certain safeguard measure at present; the seedling of gathering is sowed in the silt particle substrate, relied on natural environmental condition to implement to breed in the middle of the seedling.The characteristics that though this method has is simpler and easy, cost is low, but be subjected to the influence of natural environment big, because the microenvironment condition that seedling is bred is uncontrollable, seedling is bred the survival rate in stage in the centre low simultaneously, during the late stages of developmet, the growth of seedling is paced up and down in lower level always.Especially under the high density breeding condition, the survival rate and the growth rate of seedling are lower, do not satisfy in extensive total man's work post seedling production the requirement of breeding in the middle of the highdensity seed, be difficult in a planned way obtain the high-quality seed in enormous quantities, become one of bottleneck of restriction intertidal shellfish seedling production.
In order to produce and to match, must exploitation can under cultivating density conditions, height carry out the technology of the highly effective and safe of seedling intermediate rearing with carrying out extensive total man worker's intertidal shellfish seed.The success or failure that technology often causes the Ruditapes philippinarum artificial seed to cultivate are bred in inappropriate centre.Up to the present, yet there are no extensive total man worker and cultivate the report of breeding in the middle of the intertidal shellfish segmented, more do not have sea area mesh bag buoyant raft to hang and support the middle report of breeding technology of later stage.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be intended to solve in the healthy seedling total man worker cultivating process a key technology-seedling is bred technology efficiently, a kind of method of breeding in the middle of the intertidal shellfish seed later stage that is applicable to is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: culturing the sea area naturally, adopting mesh bag for forming container, it is foster to hang oneself at buoyant raft, in the seed stage in later stage, the quick growth of realization seed, the concrete operations step can for:
1) through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches 0.4～0.5 juvenile mollusk, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1～0.2mm, places 5,000～11,000 piece of juvenile mollusk for every bag;
2) with 6～10 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 10～15 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 15～30cm, and lifting rope length is 3～15m;
3) end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.0～2.5kg, mesh bag is 1.0～1.5m with the distance of big well rope, the length of lifting rope during with spring low water dropstone do not contact the seabed and exceed, the distance between the different lifting ropes is 1.0～1.5m;
4) change a mesh bag when the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5～2.0mm, mesh is 0.8～1.0mm, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to every bag 2,000～3,000 piece;
5) breed the shell that lasts till juvenile mollusk in the middle of the later stage and reach 3～5mm, then juvenile mollusk is changed over to the sea area and culture;
Among the present invention, hang and support the sea area depth of water 4～30m, seawater salinity 15～35,15.0～31.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.1～0.6m/s, 1～2 grade of water standard, transparency 1～2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.1～1.0mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 400～500mm (length), 150～200mm (wide), mesh bag built-in bunching net sheet or waste and old fishnet 50～70g/ bag are with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2～3mm, long 500～700mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope;
The object of breeding in the middle of later stage is the juvenile mollusk that process was bred in the middle of early stage, shell reaches 0.4～0.5mm, and lasts till that shell length grows into the juvenile mollusk of 3～5mm; The time of breeding in the middle of water temperature is following later stage of sea environment of 15.0～31.0 ℃ is 30～60 days;
The described biotype intertidal shellfish of dwelling that buries is Ruditapes philippinarum, clam, clam, Mactra veneriformis, Chinese clam or quahog.
The present invention has following advantage: it is big to have made full use of natural waters seawater flux, condition of water quality is stable, conditions such as bait is abundant, carrying and defencive function are provided in conjunction with mesh bag to seedling, solved the stage of in the middle of the later stage, breeding, intertidal shellfish is indoor, beach or shrimp pond growth rate are slow, the problem that survival rate is low, realized the quick growth of seed, the day growth rate reaches 39～83 μ m, the survival rate of breeding in the middle of later stage reaches 51～91%, the inventive method is applicable to through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the juvenile mollusk of 0.4～0.5mm, and lasts till that shell length grows into 3～5mm; The growth rate that obtains is compared (the day growth rate reaches 5～30 μ m, and the survival rate of breeding in the middle of the later stage reaches 10～40%) with present method in common with survival rate, obtained to significantly improve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
To change mesh bag over to through the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches 0.4mm, mesh is 0.2mm, places 6,000 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 6 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 10 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 15cm, and lifting rope length is 3m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.0m with the distance of big well rope, and by changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.0m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.1mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 400mm (length), 150mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 50g/ bag is with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2mm, long 500mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.5m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.0m, lower floor's depth of water are 10.0m.Seawater salinity 15,15.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.1m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,000 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 60 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 5mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 60 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 1.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 1 embodiment 1 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 6,000 80 69
Middle level 6,000 83 68
Lower floor 6,000 85 72
Embodiment 2
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.4mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1mm, places 7500 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 6 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 10 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 15cm, and lifting rope length is 4m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.0m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.0m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.1mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 400mm (length), 150mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 50g/ bag is with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2mm, long 500mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.5m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.0m, lower floor's depth of water are 10.0m, seawater salinity 15,20.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.1m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3
When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,000 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 50 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 5mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 50 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 2.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 2 embodiment 2 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days) upper strata 7,500 85 65 middle levels, 7,500 83 60 lower floors 7,500 87 62
Embodiment 3
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.4mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1mm, places 9000 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 7 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 10 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 16cm, and lifting rope length is 5m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.1m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.1m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.1mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 400mm (length), 150mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 50g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2mm, long 500mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.6m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.2m, lower floor's depth of water are 10.5m, seawater salinity 15,20.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.1m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,000 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 45 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 4mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 45 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 3.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 3 embodiment 3 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 9,000 71 57
Middle level 9,000 75 53
Lower floor 9,000 79 60
Embodiment 4
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.4mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.2mm, places 5000 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 7 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 10 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 16cm, and lifting rope length is 5m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.1m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.1m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.1mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 400mm (length), 150mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 50g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2mm, long 500mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.6m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.2m, lower floor's depth of water are 10.5m, seawater salinity 15,22.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.1m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,500 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Change a mesh bag when the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, mesh is 0.8mm.Be 40 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 5mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 40 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 4.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 4 embodiment 4 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 5,000 89 77
Middle level 5,000 86 79
Lower floor 5,000 83 83
Embodiment 5
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.4mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.2mm, places 11000 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 7 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 11 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 17cm, and lifting rope length is 6m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.2kg.Mesh bag is 1.1m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.1m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.1mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 450mm (length), 180mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 50g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2mm, long 600mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.6m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.2m, lower floor's depth of water are 10.5m, seawater salinity 15,22.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.1m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 3,000 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 40 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 5mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 40 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 5.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 5 embodiment 5 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 11,000 55 39
Middle level 11,000 58 43
Lower floor 11,000 58 40
Embodiment 6
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.2mm, places 8500 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 8 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 12 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 18cm, and lifting rope length is 6m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.2kg.Mesh bag is 1.2m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.2m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 400mm (length), 150mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 50g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2mm, long 500mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.6m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.2m, lower floor's depth of water are 10.5m, seawater salinity 18,24.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.3m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 3,000 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 40 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 4mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 40 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 6.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 6 embodiment 6 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 8,500 75 58
Middle level 8,500 79 60
Lower floor 8,500 76 61
Embodiment 7
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.2mm, places 5500 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 8 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 12 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 20cm, and lifting rope length is 7m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.5kg.Mesh bag is 1.3m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.3m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 500mm (length), 200mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 60g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 3mm, long 600mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.8m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.5m, lower floor's depth of water are 11.0m, seawater salinity 30,26.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.5m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 3,000 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 35 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 4mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 35 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 7.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 7 embodiment 7 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 5,500 85 70
Middle level 5,500 88 68
Lower floor 5,500 91 69
Embodiment 8
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1mm, places 10500 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 8 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 12 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 20cm, and lifting rope length is 7m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 1.5kg.Mesh bag is 1.3m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.3m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 500mm (length), 200mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 60g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 3mm, long 600mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.8m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.5m, lower floor's depth of water are 11.0m, seawater salinity 25,26.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.5m/s, 1 grade of water standard, transparency 2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,700 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 35 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 3mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 35 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 8.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 8 embodiment 8 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 10,500 51 44
Middle level 10,500 55 47
Lower floor 10,500 57 41
Embodiment 9
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1mm, places 9500 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 8 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 12 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 20cm, and lifting rope length is 10m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 2.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.5m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.5m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 500mm (length), 200mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 65g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 3mm, long 600mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.8m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.5m, lower floor's depth of water are 11.0m.Seawater salinity 25,26.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.5m/s, 2 grades of water standards, transparency 1.5m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,600 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 35 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 3mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 35 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 9.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 9 embodiment 9 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 9,500 68 56
Middle level 9,500 63 59
Lower floor 9,500 65 61
Embodiment 10
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1mm, places 7000 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 8 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 12 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 20cm, and lifting rope length is 10m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 2.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.5m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.5m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 500mm (length), 200mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 65g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 3mm, long 600mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.8m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.5m, lower floor's depth of water are 11.0m.Seawater salinity 30,26.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.5m/s, 2 grades of water standards, transparency 1.5m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,400 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 35 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 4mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 35 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 10.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 10 embodiment 10 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 7,000 82 58
Middle level 7,000 80 57
Lower floor 7,000 79 69
Embodiment 11
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1mm, places 10000 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 8 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 12 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 20cm, and lifting rope length is 10m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 2.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.5m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.5m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 500mm (length), 200mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 70g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 3mm, long 600mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.8m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.5m, lower floor's depth of water are 11.0m.Seawater salinity 35,28.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.5m/s, 2 grades of water standards, transparency 1.5m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,200 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 30 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 4mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 30 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 11.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 11 embodiment 11 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 10,000 55 47
Middle level 10,000 51 52
Lower floor 10,000 58 49
Embodiment 12
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1mm, places 6500 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 10 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 15 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 25cm, and lifting rope length is 12m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 2.0kg.Mesh bag is 1.5m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.5m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 500mm (length), 200mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 70g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 3mm, long 700mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 1.8m, the middle level depth of water are that 6.5m, lower floor's depth of water are 11.0m, seawater salinity 28,28.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.6m/s, 2 grades of water standards, transparency 1.0m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 3,000 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 30 vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 4mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 30 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 12.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 12 embodiment 12 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 6,500 83 60
Middle level 6,500 86 66
Lower floor 6,500 81 61
Embodiment 13
Through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the Ruditapes philippinarum juvenile mollusk of 0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.2mm, places 6500 pieces of juvenile mollusks for every bag; With 10 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 15 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 25cm, and lifting rope length is 15m; One end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft, and the weight of dropstone or sandbag is 2.5kg.Mesh bag is 1.5m with the distance of big well rope; By changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the lifting rope is 1.5m.
The mesh bag that seed cultivation is used, the net sheet of being weaved into by nylon fiber is made and is formed, the aperture specification limit is 0.2mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 500mm (length), 200mm (wide), the built-in bunching net of mesh bag sheet 70g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 3mm, long 700mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
The mesh bag that fills juvenile mollusk hung respectively support three water layers in upper, middle and lower, the upper strata depth of water is that 2.0m, the middle level depth of water are that 7.0m, lower floor's depth of water are 12.0m.Seawater salinity 28,31.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.6m/s, 2 grades of water standards, transparency 1.0m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3When the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5mm, change a mesh bag, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to 2,900 pieces every bag; Mesh is 0.8mm.Be 30 days vegetative period, and last till that shell length grows into 5mm, then juvenile mollusk changed over to the sea area and culture; Measure the size (shell is long) and the quantity of juvenile mollusk every day, determine juvenile mollusk day growth amount, calculate through the accumulation survival rate after the growth in 30 days.Concrete outcome sees Table 13.
The survival rate and the growth rate of the juvenile mollusk of breeding in the middle of table 13 embodiment 13 carries out in different water layers sea area
Growth rate
Experimental group density (individual/bag) survival rate (%) (μ m/ days)
Upper strata 8,000 73 61
Middle level 8,000 83 59
Lower floor 8,000 83 62
Claims (6)
1. one kind is applicable to and breeds method in the middle of the intertidal shellfish seed later stage, and it is characterized in that: culturing the sea area naturally, adopting mesh bag for forming container, it is foster to hang oneself at buoyant raft, and in the seed stage in later stage, the quick growth of realization seed is specially:
1) through breeding in the middle of early stage, shell reaches the juvenile mollusk of 0.4～0.5mm, changes mesh bag over to, and mesh is 0.1～0.2mm, places 5,000～11,000 piece of juvenile mollusk for every bag;
2) with 6～10 integrated 1 bundles of mesh bag, 10～15 constrictions become 1 to hang, and each Shu Yiyi lifting rope links, and every interfascicular is every 15～30cm, and lifting rope length is 3～15m;
3) end of lifting rope lies in the big well rope of buoyant raft, and the other end is a dropstone or sandbag, and lifting rope is overhang under the buoyant raft; Mesh bag is 1.0～1.5m with the distance of big well rope, and by changing the distance in lifting rope length control mesh bag and seabed, dropstone does not contact the seabed and exceeds during with spring low water, and the distance between the different lifting ropes is 1.0～1.5m;
4) change a mesh bag when the juvenile mollusk shell reaches 1.5～2.0mm, mesh is 0.8～1.0mm, and the density of forming of juvenile mollusk is reduced to every bag 2,000～3,000 piece;
5) breed the shell that lasts till juvenile mollusk in the middle of the later stage and reach 3～5mm, then juvenile mollusk is changed over to the sea area and culture.
2. breed method in the middle of being applicable to the intertidal shellfish seed later stage according to claim 1 is described, it is characterized in that: hang and support the sea area depth of water 4～30m, seawater salinity 15～35,15～31.0 ℃ of water temperatures, ocean current flow velocity 0.1～0.6m/s, 1～2 grade of water standard, transparency 1～2m, the sea area unicellular alga bait that swims is abundant, and its density annual variation scope is 590.6 * 10
4～2,297.0 * 10
4Cell/m
3
3. breed method in the middle of being applicable to the intertidal shellfish seed later stage according to claim 1 is described, it is characterized in that: mesh bag aperture specification limit is 0.1～1.0mm, the size specification of mesh bag is 400～500mm, 150～200mm, mesh bag built-in bunching net sheet or waste and old fishnet 50～70g/ bag, with so that mesh bag is the exapnsion state, the openend of mesh bag is that a diameter is the nylon rope of 2～3mm, long 500～700mm, and mesh bag is lain on the lifting rope.
4. breed method in the middle of being applicable to the intertidal shellfish seed later stage according to claim 1 is described, it is characterized in that: the weight of described dropstone or sandbag is 1.0～2.5kg.
5. breed method according to described being applicable to of claim 1 in the middle of the intertidal shellfish seed later stage, it is characterized in that: be that the time of breeding in the middle of following later stage of sea environment of 15～31.0 ℃ is 30～60 days in water temperature.
6. breed method in the middle of being applicable to the intertidal shellfish seed later stage according to claim 1 is described, it is characterized in that: the described biotype intertidal shellfish of dwelling that buries is Ruditapes philippinarum, clam, clam, Mactra veneriformis, Chinese clam or quahog.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101715750A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-02 | 大连水产学院 | Sea area intermediate breeding method applicable to Ruditapes philippinarum seedlings |
| CN101288388B (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-05-04 | 大连水产学院 | Choosing method suitable for seashell rapid growing |
| CN104304137A (en) * | 2014-11-22 | 2015-01-28 | 毛艳玲 | Method for continuously breeding artificially-collected larvae of ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN105941200A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 嵊泗县海洋科技研究所 | Artificial juvenile Gomphina venerformis protection method |
| CN106359210A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2017-02-01 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | Method for artificial propagation of mytilus coruscus in intertidal zone of rocky reef phase |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101658152B (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-06-15 | 大连獐子岛渔业集团股份有限公司 | Patinopecten yesoensis natural seedling intermediate rearing method |
-
2002
- 2002-09-25 CN CNB02133031XA patent/CN1188030C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101288388B (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-05-04 | 大连水产学院 | Choosing method suitable for seashell rapid growing |
| CN101715750A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-02 | 大连水产学院 | Sea area intermediate breeding method applicable to Ruditapes philippinarum seedlings |
| CN104304137A (en) * | 2014-11-22 | 2015-01-28 | 毛艳玲 | Method for continuously breeding artificially-collected larvae of ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN105941200A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 嵊泗县海洋科技研究所 | Artificial juvenile Gomphina venerformis protection method |
| CN105941200B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2019-01-22 | 嵊泗县海洋科技研究所 | A kind of method of manually keeping a full stand of seedings of sand clam |
| CN106359210A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2017-02-01 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | Method for artificial propagation of mytilus coruscus in intertidal zone of rocky reef phase |
| CN106359210B (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2019-03-22 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | A kind of method of rock reef phase intertidal zone artificial fecundation Trachyostracous mussel |
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