CN112631074A - 负型光敏树脂组合物以及使用它的绝缘薄膜 - Google Patents
负型光敏树脂组合物以及使用它的绝缘薄膜 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112631074A CN112631074A CN202011606681.8A CN202011606681A CN112631074A CN 112631074 A CN112631074 A CN 112631074A CN 202011606681 A CN202011606681 A CN 202011606681A CN 112631074 A CN112631074 A CN 112631074A
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- meth
- acrylate
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Abstract
Description
本发明专利申请是申请号为201410648857.4,申请日为2014年9月24日,发明名称为“负型光敏树脂组合物以及使用它的绝缘薄膜”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
发明领域
本发明涉及一种负型(negative-type)光敏树脂组合物和使用它的绝缘薄膜,特别是涉及一种用于具有高分辨率的图案显影特性、良好的时间稳定性、高的耐热冲击性、良好的耐热性和耐化学性的固化薄膜的光敏树脂组合物,该固化薄膜可以用于形成如液晶显示器(LCD)等的显示设备的绝缘薄膜,以及涉及使用该树脂组合物的绝缘薄膜。
发明背景
正型和负型光敏树脂组合物用来制造包括液晶显示器、有机场致发光器件等的各种各样的显示设备中的绝缘薄膜。
在曝光、显影后烘焙和短波(例如UV)吸收的过程中,含有碱溶性树脂和1,2-重氮醌(quinonediazide)化合物的常规正型树脂通常存在问题,例如由于高温分解带来的脱色或者由于产生杂质导致LCD出现不希望有的残留影象。
因此,已经尝试通过提供在热固化处理之后具有良好的透光率和敏感性的负型光敏树脂组合物来解决这些问题。同样,在如薄膜晶体管(TFT)LCD等的显示器设备中,在碱溶性树脂中包括衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯的结构单元的光敏树脂组合物已经被提议作为有机绝缘薄膜来保护TFT矩阵和提供改善的耐热性和耐光性等。
然而,由于衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯的常规结构单元具有随着时间降低稳定性的趋势,从而出现的问题是常规有机绝缘薄膜不会表示出足够的耐热性,因此衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯的结构单元的量是受限的。
就此而论,韩国特开专利公报No.2010-0109370公开了一种用于绝缘薄膜的光敏树脂组合物,其包括在衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯的常规结构单元之外还含有衍生自具有脂肪族环氧基的不饱和化合物的结构单元的碱溶性树脂,其总量为至少71wt%。不过,从这样的光敏树脂组合物制备的绝缘薄膜具有较差的时间稳定性和由于较差的显影性能不能获得完全地图样形状。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种负型光敏树脂组合物,其能够提供高分辨率的图案显影特性、良好的时间稳定性、高的耐热冲击性、良好的耐热性和良好的耐化学性,以及使用该树脂组合物的绝缘薄膜。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种光敏树脂组合物,其包括:
(A)碱溶性树脂,其包括(a1)衍生自烯属不饱和羧酸、烯属不饱和羧酸酐或其混合物的结构单元,(a2)衍生自式1表示的单体的结构单元,(a3)衍生自式2表示的单体的结构单元,和(a4)衍生自烯属不饱和化合物的结构单元,其不同于结构单元(a1)-(a3)中任一个,其中碱溶性树脂包括的结构单元(a2)和(a3)的总量为10-50mol%,基于结构单元的摩尔总量;
(B)可光聚合的单体;和
(C)光聚合引发剂
【式1】
【式2】
其中
R1和R3各自独立地是氢或C1-4烷基;和
R2和R4各自独立地是氢或C1-4亚烷基。
本发明的光敏树脂组合物可以提供具有高分辨率的图案显影特性、良好的时间稳定性、良好的耐热性和耐化学性的固化膜。因此,它可以有效地用作LCD设备的绝缘膜。
具体实施方式
在下文,将详细地描述本发明的技术特征。
(A)碱溶性树脂
本发明的碱溶性树脂包括(a1)衍生自烯属不饱和羧酸、烯属不饱和羧酸酐或其混合物的结构单元,(a2)衍生自式1表示的具有脂肪族环氧基团的不饱和单体的结构单元,(a3)衍生自式2表示的具有非脂肪族环氧基团的不饱和单体的结构单元,和(a4)衍生自烯属不饱和化合物的结构单元,其不同于结构单元(a1)-(a3)中任一个,其中碱溶性树脂包括的结构单元(a2)和(a3)的总量为10-50mol%,基于结构单元的摩尔总量。
(a1)衍生自烯属不饱和羧酸、烯属不饱和羧酸酐或其混合物的结构单元
本发明中,结构单元(a1)衍生自烯属不饱和羧酸、烯属不饱和羧酸酐或其混合物。烯属不饱和羧酸和烯属不饱和羧酸酐是分子中具有至少一个羧酸基的可聚合不饱和单体。其例子包括不饱和一元羧酸,例如(甲基)丙烯酸、巴豆酸、α-氯化丙烯酸、肉桂酸等;不饱和二元羧酸和其酸酐,例如马来酸、马来酸酐、富马酸、衣康酸、衣康酸酐、柠康酸、柠康酸酐、甲基反丁烯二酸(mesaconic acid)等;三价的或更多价的不饱和多元羧酸及其酸酐;二价或更多价的多元羧酸的单[(甲基)丙烯酰氧基烷基]酯,例如单[2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙基]琥珀酸酯、单[2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙基]酞酸酯等。衍生自上述示范的化合物的单元可以以单一化合物或两种或更多种组合的形式包含在共聚物中,但是不限于此。考虑到显影特性,优选(甲基)丙烯酸。
衍生自烯属不饱和羧酸、烯属不饱和羧酸酐或其混合物的结构单元(a1)的量可以是5-50mol%,优选10-40mol%,基于构成碱溶性树脂的结构单元的总摩尔量。在数值范围内,树脂组合物显示出良好的显影特性以及由此制备的薄膜可以具有良好的图案可显影性。
在本说明书中,“(甲基)丙烯基”((meth)acryl)指的是“丙烯基”和/或“甲基丙烯基”,以及“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”意味着“丙烯酸酯”和/或“甲基丙烯酸酯”。
(a2)衍生自式1表示的具有脂肪族环氧基团的不饱和单体的结构单元
本发明中,结构单元(a2)衍生自式1表示的具有脂肪族环氧基团的不饱和单体:
【式1】
其中
R1是氢或C1-4烷基;和
R2是C1-4亚烷基。
优选地,式1中,R1是氢或甲基,以及具有脂肪族环氧基的不饱和单体是丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲基酯或者甲基丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲基酯。
(a3)衍生自式2表示的具有非脂肪族环氧基团的不饱和单体的结构单元
本发明中,结构单元(a3)衍生自式2表示的具有非脂肪族环氧基团的不饱和单体:
【式2】
其中
R3是氢或C1-4烷基;和
R4是C1-4亚烷基。
优选地,式2中,R3是氢或甲基,和具有非脂肪族环氧基的不饱和单体是丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯或甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯。
结构单元(a2)和(a3)的总量可以是10-50mol%,优选15-45mol%,基于构成碱溶性树脂的结构单元的总摩尔量。在数值范围内,可以保持组合物的储存稳定性和可以提高保留速率(retention rate)。
此外,结构单元(a2)和结构单元(a3)的摩尔比可以是50-99:50-1,优选50-80:50-20。在数值范围内,可以获得良好的时间稳定性、良好的耐热性和耐化学性以及改进的图案显影性。
(a4)衍生自烯属不饱和化合物的结构单元,其不同于结构单元(a1)-(a3)中的任
一个
本发明中,结构单元(a4)衍生自烯属不饱和化合物,其不同于结构单元(a1)-(a3)中任一个。其例子可以包括含有芳香族环的烯属不饱和化合物,例如(甲基)丙烯酸苯基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基二乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸对壬基苯氧基聚乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸对壬基苯氧基聚丙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸三溴苯基酯、苯乙烯、甲基苯乙烯、二甲基苯乙烯、三甲基苯乙烯、乙基苯乙烯、二乙基苯乙烯、三乙基苯乙烯、丙基苯乙烯、丁基苯乙烯、己基苯乙烯、庚基苯乙烯、辛基苯乙烯、氟化苯乙烯、氯化苯乙烯、溴化苯乙烯、碘化苯乙烯、甲氧基苯乙烯、乙氧基苯乙烯、丙氧基苯乙烯、p-羟基-α-甲基苯乙烯、乙酰基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯、二乙烯基苯、乙烯基苯酚、邻乙烯基苄基甲基醚、间乙烯基苄基甲基醚和对乙烯基苄基甲基醚;不饱和羧酸酯,例如(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸叔丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸环己基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基己基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸四氢化糠基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基丙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基-3-氯丙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羟基丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甘油酯、α-羟基甲基丙烯酸甲基酯、α-羟基甲基丙烯酸乙基酯、α-羟基甲基丙烯酸丙基酯、α-羟基甲基丙烯酸丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸3-甲氧基丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基二乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基三乙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基三丙二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸聚(乙二醇)甲基醚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸四氟丙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸八氟戊基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十七氟癸基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯基酯和(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊氧基乙基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二环戊烯氧基乙基酯;具有N-乙烯基的叔胺,例如N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基咔唑、和N-乙烯基吗啉;不饱和醚,例如乙烯基甲基醚和乙烯基乙基醚;和不饱和酰亚胺,例如N-苯基马来酰亚胺、N-(4-氯苯基)马来酰亚胺、N-(4-羟基苯基)马来酰亚胺和N-环己基马来酰亚胺。衍生自上述示范化合物的结构单元可以以单一化合物或两种或多种的组合的形式被包含。
结构单元(a4)的量可以是5-70mol%,优选10-65mol%,基于构成碱溶性树脂的结构单元的摩尔总量。在数值范围内,可以容易地控制碱溶性树脂的反应性调节,含水碱性溶液中的树脂溶解性也可以提高,从而显著地改进组合物的涂布性能。
同样,本发明的碱溶性树脂的重均分子量可以在500-50,000的范围内,优选3,000-30,000。在上述范围内,对基材的粘合性、物理性能、耐化学性和粘度是理想的。重均分子量是聚苯乙烯对照的重均分子量,其通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC,洗脱剂:四氢呋喃)测量。
本发明的碱溶性树脂可以通过本领域已知的常规方法来制备。
碱溶性树脂的用量可以是1-80wt%,优选5-60wt%,基于溶剂以外的光敏树脂组合物的总量。在上述范围内,可以获得在显影之后具有良好形态的图案,以及可以改进如保留率、耐化学性等的性能。
(B)可光聚合的单体
本发明的可光聚合的单体可以是可通过光聚合引发剂聚合的任何化合物,和可以是具有至少一个烯属不饱和双键的丙烯酸或者甲基丙烯酸的单官能的或者是多官能的酯化合物,和可以是具有提供想要的耐化学性的至少两个官能度的多官能化合物。
可光聚合的单体可以选自二(甲基)丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸丙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸二乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸三乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸1,6-己二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸聚乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸聚丙二醇酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸丙三醇酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸季戊四醇酯和琥珀酸的单酯、四(甲基)丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、五(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、六(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、五(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯和琥珀酸的单酯、已内酯改性的六(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(三丙烯酸季戊四醇酯和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的反应产物)、七(甲基)丙烯酸三季戊四醇酯、八(甲基)丙烯酸三季戊四醇酯、双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯、乙二醇单甲基醚丙烯酸酯及其混合物,但是不限于此。
同样,除上述例子之外,可光聚合的单体可以是从具有直链亚烷基、脂肪族结构和至少两个异氰酸酯基的化合物和具有至少一个羟基、3、4或5个丙烯酰氧基和/或甲基丙烯酰基的化合物的反应获得的多官能尿烷丙烯酸酯,但是不限于此。
市场上可买到的可光聚合的单体可以用在本发明中。单官能的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的例子包括Aronix M-101、M-111、M-114(Toagosei Co.,Ltd制造的)、Kayarad TC-110S、TC-120S(Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd制造的)、V-158、V-2311(Osaka Organic Chemical Ind.,Ltd.制造的)等;二官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的例子包括Aronix M-210、M-240、M-6200(Toagosei Co.,Ltd制造的)、Kayarad HDDA,HX-220、R-604(Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd制造的)、V260、V312、V335HP(Osaka Organic Chemical Ind.,Ltd.制造的)等;三官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯的例子包括Aronix M-309、M-400、M-403、M405、M-450、M-7100、M-8030、M-8060、TO-1382(Toagosei Co.,Ltd制造的)、Kayarad TMPTA、DPHA、DPHA-40H、DPCA-20、DPCA-30、DPCA-60、DPCA-120(Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd制造的)、V-295、V-300、V-360、V-GPT、V-3PA、V-400(Osaka Yuki Kayaku Co.,Ltd.制造的)等。
可光聚合的单体可以单独或者是两种或更多种组合使用,可光聚合的单体的量可以是1-100重量份,优选10-80重量份,基于100重量份的碱溶性树脂的总量(作为固体成分)。在上述范围内,可以获得具有高敏感性、良好的图案显影性和薄膜特性的树脂组合物。
(C)光聚合引发剂
本发明的光聚合引发剂是在暴露在如可见光、紫外光、深紫外光等的辐射下,产生引发单体聚合的活性物质的化合物。光聚合引发剂可以是自由基引发剂,其种类不是特别限制的,但是可以选自苯乙酮化合物、苯甲酮化合物、安息香化合物、苯甲酰化合物、氧杂蒽酮(xanthone)化合物、三嗪化合物、卤化甲基恶二唑化合物、洛粉碱二聚物及其混合物。
光聚合引发剂的特例包括,但是不限于2,2’-偶氮二(2,4-二甲基戊腈)、2,2’-偶氮二(4-甲氧基-2,4-二甲基戊腈)、过氧化苯酰、月桂基过氧化物、过氧化三甲基乙酸叔丁基酯、1,1-二(叔丁基过氧化)环己烷、p-二甲基氨基苯乙酮、2-苯甲基-2-(二甲基氨基)-1-[4-(4-吗啉基)苯基]-1-丁酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-丙-1-酮、苄基二甲基缩酮、苯甲酮、安息香丙基醚、二乙基噻吨酮、2,4-二(三氯甲基)-6-对甲氧基苯基-s-三嗪、2-三氯甲基-5-苯乙烯基-1,3,4-恶二唑、9-苯基吖啶、3-甲基-5-氨基-((s-三嗪-2-基)氨基)-3-苯基香豆素、2-(邻氯苯基)-4,5-二苯基咪唑二聚物、1-苯基-1,2-丙二酮-2-(邻乙氧基羰基)肟、1-[4-(苯基硫代)苯基]-辛-1,2-二酮-2-(邻苯甲酰肟)、邻苯甲酰-4’-(苯巯基)苯甲酰-己基-酮肟、2,4,6-三甲基苯基羰基-二苯基膦酰氧化物、六氟偶磷三烷基苯基锍盐(hexafluorophosphoro-trialkylphenylsulfonium salt)、2-巯基苯并咪唑、2,2’-苯并噻唑基二硫化物及其混合物。同样,特别的例子包括在KR2004-0007700、KR2005-0084149、KR2008-0083650、KR2008-0080208、KR2007-0044062、KR2007-0091110、KR2007-0044753、KR2009-0009991、KR2009-0093933、KR2010-0097658、KR2011-0059525、WO10/102502和WO10/133077公开的肟化合物。
光聚合引发剂的用量是1-20重量份,优选1-15重量份,基于100重量份的碱溶性树脂(作为固体成分)。在上述范围内,可以获得具有高敏感度、良好的图案显影性和薄膜特性的树脂组合物。
(D)其它成分
本发明的光敏树脂组合物还可以包括其它的添加剂来提高组合物的性能。例如,可以包括如(1)表面活性剂、(2)硅烷偶联剂和/或(3)溶剂的其它成分。
(1)表面活性剂
本发明的光敏树脂组合物可以还包括表面活性剂以提高它的涂布性能和阻止裂缝形成,如果需要的话。
表面活性剂不限于特定的种类,优选的类型是氟基表面活性剂、硅基表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂等。考虑到组合物的分散性,优选来自BYK Co.的BYK 333。
表面活性剂的例子包括:氟-或硅-基表面活性剂,例如BM-1000、BM-1100(BMCHEMIE Co.,Ltd.制造的)、Megapack F142 D、Megapack F172、Megapack F173、MegapackF183、F-470、F-471、F-475、F-482、F-489(Dai Nippon Ink Chemical Kogyo Co.,Ltd.制造的)、Florad FC-135、Florad FC-170C、Florad FC-430、Florad FC-431(Sumitomo 3M Ltd.制造的)、Sufron S-112、Sufron S-113、Sufron S-131、Sufron S-141、Sufron S-145、Sufron S-382、Sufron SC-101、Sufron SC-102、Sufron SC-103、Sufron SC-104、SufronSC-105、Sufron SC-106(Asahi Glass Co.,Ltd.制造的)、Eftop EF301、Eftop 303、Eftop352(Shinakida Kasei Co.,Ltd.制造的)、SH-28PA、SH-190、SH-193、SZ-6032、SF-8428、DC-57、DC-190(Toray Silicon Co.,Ltd.制造的)、DC3PA、DC7PA、SH11PA、SH21PA、SH8400、FZ-2100、FZ-2110、FZ-2122、FZ-2222、FZ-2233(Dow Corning Toray Silicon Co.,Ltd.制造的)、TSF-4440、TSF-4300、TSF-4445、TSF-4446、TSF-4460、TSF-4452(GE Toshiba SiliconCo.,Ltd.制造的)和BYK-333(BYK Co.,Ltd.制造的);非离子表面活性剂,例如聚氧化乙烯烷基醚,包括聚氧化乙烯十二烷基醚、聚氧化乙烯硬脂醚、聚氧化乙烯油烯基醚等,聚氧化乙烯芳基醚,包括聚氧化乙烯辛基苯基醚、聚氧化乙烯壬基苯基醚等,和聚氧化乙烯二烷基酯,包括聚氧化乙烯二月桂酸酯、聚氧化乙烯二硬脂酸酯等;和有机硅氧烷聚合物KP341(Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.,Ltd.制造的)、(甲基)丙烯酸酯基共聚物Polyflow No.57,95(Kyoei Yuji Chemical Co.,Ltd.制造的)等。它们可以单独或者两种或更多种组合使用。
本发明的光敏树脂组合物可以包括的表面活性剂的量为0.001-5重量份,优选0.01-1重量份,基于100重量份的碱溶性树脂(作为固体成分)。在上述范围内,可以容易地涂布组合物。
(2)硅烷偶联剂
本发明的光敏树脂组合物可以还包括具有至少一个选自羧基、(甲基)丙烯酰基、异氰酸酯、氨基、巯基、乙烯基和环氧基的用于提高对基材的粘合性的活性取代基的硅烷偶联剂,如果想要的话。
硅烷偶联剂的种类没有特别限制,但是可以选自三甲氧基甲硅烷基安息香酸、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷。乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、β-(3,4-环氧环己基)乙基三甲氧基硅烷及其混合物。优选地,可以使用具有良好的保留速率和对基材的粘合性的γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷或γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷。同样,可以使用具有良好的耐化学性的具有异氰酸酯基的γ-异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(例如,来自Shin-Etsu Co.的KBE-9007)。
硅烷偶联剂的用量是0.001-5重量份,优选0.01-1重量份,基于100重量份的碱溶性树脂(作为固体成分)。在上述范围内,可以改进组合物对基材的粘合性。
此外,只有当光敏树脂组合物的物理性能不会恶化时才可以包括如抗氧剂、稳定剂等的其它添加剂。
(3)溶剂
本发明的光敏树脂组合物可以通过在溶剂中混合上述成分而制成液体组合物。
本领域中已知的任何溶剂可以用在光敏树脂组合物中,其可与上述光敏树脂组合物中的成分相容,但不与之反应。
溶剂的例子包括,但是不限于,乙二醇单烷基醚乙酸酯,例如乙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯和乙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯;丙二醇单烷基醚,例如丙二醇单甲基醚、丙二醇单乙基醚、丙二醇单丙基醚和丙二醇单丁基醚;丙二醇二烷基醚,例如丙二醇二甲基醚、丙二醇二乙基醚、丙二醇二丙基醚和丙二醇二丁基醚;二丙二醇二烷基醚,例如二丙二醇二甲基醚;丙二醇单烷基醚乙酸酯,例如丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单丙基醚乙酸酯和丙二醇单丁基醚乙酸酯;纤维素溶剂(cellosolve),例如乙基纤维素溶剂和丁基纤维素溶剂;卡必醇,例如丁基卡必醇;乳酸酯,例如乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸正丙基酯和乳酸异丙基酯;脂肪族羧酸酯,例如乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丙基酯、乙酸异丙基酯、乙酸正丁基酯、乙酸异丁基酯、乙酸正戊基酯、乙酸异戊基酯、丙酸异丙基酯、丙酸正丁基酯和丙酸异丁基酯;酯,例如3-甲氧基丙酸甲基酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙基酯、3-乙氧基丙酸甲基酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙基酯、丙酮酸甲基酯和丙酮酸乙基酯;芳香族烃,例如甲苯和二甲苯;酮,例如2-庚酮、3-庚酮、4-庚酮和环己酮;酰胺,例如N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮;内酯,例如γ-丁内酯;及其混合物。溶剂可以单独或者两种或更多种组合使用。
在光敏树脂组合物中,溶剂的量不是特别限制的。然而,考虑到组合物对基材的稳定性和涂布性能,基于组合物总量,光敏树脂组合物可以使得固含量范围为5-70wt%,优选10-55wt%的量包含溶剂。
固含量指的是去除包含在本发明树脂组合物中溶剂得到的成分的含量。
可以通过把光敏树脂组合物施加到基材上,然后固化处理形成绝缘膜。由此制备的绝缘膜可以用作电子零件。
同样,由光敏树脂组合物获得的绝缘膜可以用在LCD设备中。
绝缘薄膜可以通过本领域已知的常规方法来制备。例如,光敏树脂组合物可以涂布在硅基材上,在如60-130℃的温度下进行预烘干60-130秒以除去溶剂;使用具有预定图案的光掩膜暴露在光照下;和使用如四甲基铵氢氧化物溶液(TMAH)的显影剂进行显影,在涂布薄膜上形成图案。然后,得到的有图案的涂层薄膜在150-300℃的温度下进行后烘干10分钟-5小时以制备想要的绝缘膜。
曝光是在200-450nm的波长范围和10-100mJ/cm2的曝光量下进行的。
由光敏树脂组合物获得的绝缘薄膜显示出良好的图案显影特性、良好的时间稳定性、良好的耐热性和耐化学性。因此,它可以有效地用作LCD设备的绝缘膜。
此后,将更详细地参考下述实施例来描述本发明。然而,这些实施例是用来说明本发明的,而非限制本发明的范围。
在下述实施例中,使用聚苯乙烯标准样品通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测定重均分子量。
制备实施例1:制备碱溶性树脂(A-1)
3重量份作为聚合引发剂的2,2’-偶氮二(2,4-二甲基戊腈)、100重量份的丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯和100重量份的包含甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(10mol%)、甲基丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲基酯(20mol%)、甲基丙烯酸(23mo%)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(12mol%)和苯乙烯(35mol%)的单体混合物添加到配备有冷凝器和设置于具有自动温度传感器的搅拌器上的干燥管的三颈瓶中。在氮气环境下,温度升高到70℃,混合物搅拌5小时进行聚合以获得共聚物(A-1)的溶液,其具有10,200的重均分子量(Mw)。
制备实施例2-13:制备碱溶性树脂(A-2)-(A-13)
制备共聚物(A-2)-(A-13)溶液,重复制备实施例1的步骤,除了用下述表1中列出的成分和份数(重量份)制备各自的溶液之外。
表1
GMA:甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯
METHB:甲基丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲基酯
MAA:甲基丙烯酸
MMA:甲基丙烯酸甲酯
CHMI:甲基丙烯酸环己基甲基酯
DCPMA:甲基丙烯酸二环戊烯基酯
实施例1
加入(A-1)固含量为100重量份的制备实施例1的获得共聚物、作为可光聚合单体的(B-1)65重量份六丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、作为光聚合引发剂的(C-1)4重量份OXE-01(BASFCo.)和(C-2)1重量份OXE-02(BASF Co.)、作为表面活性剂的(D-1)固含量为0.3重量份的FZ-2110(Dow Corning Toray Silicon Co.,Ltd.)、(E-1)固含量为0.5重量份的γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷和作为溶剂的丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯使得基于组合物总重的固含量为25wt%,使用振动器混合2小时获得液体形式光敏树脂组合物。
实施例2-8和比较实施例1-5
重复实施例1的步骤制备光敏树脂组合物,除了使用下述表2中列出的成分和份数(重量份)制备每个组合物之外。
实施例1-8和比较实施例1-5获得的光敏树脂组合物制成薄膜,测试形成的薄膜以评价它们的图案显影特性、时间稳定性、耐热冲击性、耐热性和耐化学性。结果记录在下述表2中。
制备固化的薄膜
使用旋转涂布机把光敏树脂组合物涂布在玻璃基材上,涂布的基材在100℃预烘干90秒形成厚度为3μm的涂敷薄膜。不使用掩模的条件下,使用对准器(型号:MA6)使薄膜暴露在辐照率为30mJ/cm2和波长为365nm的光照下一定时期,该对准器(aligner)发出波长为200-450nm的光。然后通过喷射作为显影剂的2.38wt%的三甲基铵氢氧化物,经由喷雾嘴在23℃下使薄膜显影70秒。随后,薄膜在230℃的对流加热炉中后烘干30分钟获得固化的薄膜。
1.图案分辨率(%)
在上述固化薄膜的制备中,在掩模和基材之间以10μm的间隔在厚度为3μm的涂敷薄膜的顶部之上配置间隔为1μm、由尺寸为1-15μm的方孔组成图案的图案掩模。使用三维表面测量设备测量由10μm掩模尺寸形成图案的穿孔图案的临界尺寸(CD,单位:μm)。使用下述公式计算图案显影性的值(%)。图案分辨率的值越低,固化薄膜的分辨率越好。
图案分辨率(%)=【(掩模尺寸-穿孔图案的CD)/(掩模尺寸)】×100
2.时间稳定性(%)
把固含量为25wt%的10g光敏树脂组合物放入20ml玻璃瓶中,玻璃瓶在40℃的炉中贮存48小时。然后使用Toki Sangyo Co.,Ltd.制造的TV-22回转式粘度计测量树脂组合物溶液的粘度变化。取样1ml的树脂组合物,放入粘度计中,直到温度稳定在25℃,然后通过粘度计的主轴上施加的压力来测量粘度。5%或更少的粘度提高(%)被认为是良好的,3%或更少的被认为是优秀的。
粘度改变的比率(%)=【(在40℃/48小时的条件下贮存后样品的粘度-样品的起始粘度)/(样品的起始粘度)】×100
3.耐热冲击性(%)
在上述固化薄膜的制备中,使用6英寸的晶片基材替代玻璃基材。此外,在测量固化薄膜的厚度之后,曝光薄膜放入对流加热炉中,在250℃下加热60分钟,再次测量薄膜的厚度。使用薄膜厚度测量系统(型号:Nanospec.)测量薄膜的厚度,使用下述公式计算由于热冲击引起的厚度改变。由于热冲击引起的厚度降低率越小,固化层的耐热冲击性越好。
由于热冲击引起的厚度降低率(%)=【(首次固化后的薄膜厚度-第二次固化后的薄膜厚度)/(首次固化后的薄膜厚度)】×100
4.耐热性(TGA,%)
刮研固化薄膜获得5mg的样品,使用热重分析仪测量耐热性。在样品以10℃/分钟的速度从室温加热至230℃以及在250℃下保持60分钟的同时测量样品的重量。使用下述公式计算耐热性(重量降低率)。重量降低率的值(%)越低,固化薄膜的耐热性越好。
重量降低率(%)=【(25℃下的样品起始重量-在250℃保持60分钟后的样品重量)/(25℃下的样品起始重量)】×100
5.耐化学性(%)
在上述固化薄膜的制备中,使用6英寸的晶片基材替代玻璃基材。此外,使用,记录针基的表面轮廓(Alpha Step)测量由此获得的固化薄膜样品厚度。把N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)加入轧碎机,在自动调温器中维持在70℃下。样品浸入NMP中10分钟,然后使用上述相同的步骤测量厚度。通过下述公式计算样品的耐化学性(%)。耐化学性的值(%)越低,薄膜的性能越好。
耐化学性(%)=【(浸入NMP后的厚度-起始厚度)/(起始厚度)】×100表2
如上述表2测试结果可看到的,与比较实施例1-5的不包含特定结构单元的或者包含含量不落入特定范围的特定结构单元的碱溶性树脂的树脂组合物制备的固化薄膜相比,由包括特定量的具有特定结构单元的碱溶性树脂的实施例1-8的树脂组合物制备的固化薄膜显示出改进的全部性能,包括优秀的图案清晰度、时间稳定性、高耐热冲击性、良好的耐热性和耐化学性。因此,本发明的树脂组合物获得的固化薄膜可以有效地用于制备LCD的绝缘膜。
Claims (3)
1.一种光敏树脂组合物,所述组合物包括:
(A)碱溶性树脂,所述碱溶性树脂包括(a1)衍生自烯属不饱和羧酸、烯属不饱和羧酸酐或其混合物的结构单元,(a2)衍生自式1表示的单体的结构单元,(a3)衍生自式2表示的单体的结构单元,和(a4)衍生自烯属不饱和化合物的结构单元,所述结构单元不同于结构单元(a1)-(a3)中的任一个,其中碱溶性树脂包括的结构单元(a2)和(a3)的总量为10-50mol%,基于结构单元的摩尔总量;
(B)可光聚合的单体;和
(C)光聚合引发剂
【式1】
【式2】
其中
R1和R3各自独立地是氢或C1-4烷基;和
R2和R4各自独立地是C1-4亚烷基,
其中结构单元(a2)和结构单元(a3)的摩尔比范围是50-99:50-1。
2.权利要求1的光敏树脂组合物,其中式1表示的单体是丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲基酯或甲基丙烯酸3,4-环氧环己基甲基酯。
3.权利要求1的光敏树脂组合物,其中式2表示的单体是丙烯酸缩水甘油酯或甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯。
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