CN112616580B - Spraying and seeding repairing method for loose stone side slope - Google Patents
Spraying and seeding repairing method for loose stone side slope Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a spray-seeding repairing method for a loose stone side slope, which comprises the following steps: leveling the slope surface, and removing large waste rocks; spraying cement paste; mechanically compacting, and spraying a bottom sealing layer; paving a protective net, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod; transversely arranging plant bags in staggered joints; spraying the bottom substrate; a coconut silk blanket is laid on the bottom substrate; spraying the middle layer substrate; and spraying a seed layer matrix. The method can realize quick ecological restoration of the loose waste rock side slope, can not generate the phenomena of matrix sliding and landslide, can restore the rear side slope, has strong rain wash resistance, weak slope surface moisture permeability and high stability and safety, and can realize the effects of lasting safety and greening of the slope surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of side slope restoration, in particular to a loose stone side slope spray-seeding restoration method.
Background
Landslide geological disasters occur every year in China, and the geological disasters are particularly heavily abused in summer. When landslide occurs, a certain amount of rock and soil mass moves from a high position to a low position, and loss or casualty is caused to buildings or people along the way. In order to effectively avoid landslide disasters, reinforcement design is carried out on unstable slopes during slope design, so that the slopes are kept in a stable state in an operation stage.
Due to the fact that the slope surface is high, steep and unstable and the safety coefficient is poor, slope cutting and slope releasing are often needed on some high and steep stone side slopes or rock dumping field side slopes, the slope of the stone side slope is released to be lower than 35 degrees, and then soil covering restoration or spray seeding restoration and the like are carried out. However, as the slope surface is a huge artificial loose accumulation body formed by stacking loose waste rocks, when the root system of the repaired plant is not developed enough, the fixing strength of the slope surface is not enough, and when the weather is stormy, the slope surface with the waste rocks stacked has poor stability, and under the continuous infiltration action of rainwater, the geological disasters such as landslide, debris flow and the like are easily caused; in addition, because the slope surface under the soil covering or spray seeding matrix is formed by stacking waste rocks, the water retention performance is extremely poor, and a large amount of water source is needed for later maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spraying-seeding repairing method for a loose stone side slope, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a spray-seeding repairing method for loose stone side slopes comprises the following steps:
(1) Leveling the slope surface after slope cutting and slope releasing, and removing large waste rocks;
(2) Uniformly spraying cement paste on a slope, and standing for 1 to 2 hours;
(3) Mechanically compacting the slope after standing in the step (2), and then spraying a bottom sealing layer;
(4) Paving a protective net after the slope surface sealing bottom layer in the step (3) is hardened, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod;
(5) Planting bags are transversely distributed at staggered joints between the protective net and the slope;
(6) Spraying a bottom layer matrix onto the slope surface protection net, wherein the bottom layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 to 100 parts of soil, 5 to 10 parts of peat soil, 10 to 15 parts of rice chaff, 3 to 5 parts of sawdust, 5 to 10 parts of regenerated paper pulp fiber, 1 to 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 to 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.3 to 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide;
(7) A coconut silk blanket is laid on the bottom substrate and is fixed with the protective net and the anchor rod through iron wires;
(8) Spraying a middle-layer matrix onto the slope coconut fiber blanket, wherein the middle-layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 to 100 parts of soil, 5 to 10 parts of peat soil, 10 to 15 parts of rice chaff, 3 to 5 parts of sawdust, 5 to 10 parts of wood fiber, 1 to 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 to 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.3 to 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide;
(9) Spraying a seed layer matrix onto the middle layer matrix, wherein the seed layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 to 100 parts of soil, 5 to 10 parts of peat soil, 10 to 15 parts of rice chaff, 3 to 5 parts of sawdust, 5 to 10 parts of wood fiber, 1 to 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 to 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide, 0.3 to 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide and 8 to 10 parts of plant seed.
Preferably, the water cement ratio of the cement paste in the step (2) is 1, the cement is ordinary portland cement, the strength grade is 42.5, and the spraying amount of the cement paste per square meter is 2 to 3L.
Preferably, the bottom sealing layer in the step (3) is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 3-5% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 85-90% of clay, 7-10% of portland slag cement, 55% of solid content of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion and 32.5% of portland slag cement strength grade.
Preferably, the protective net in the step (4) is a cold-plating zinc-hook mesh, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is larger than 10cm, the protective net exceeds the top of a slope by more than 1m, phi 18 deformed steel bars transversely arranged at the top of the slope and with the length of 9m are fixedly connected through iron wires, and the phi 18 deformed steel bars transversely arranged and phi 22 deformed steel bars longitudinally wedged into the top of the slope are fixed through U-shaped bolts.
Preferably, the anchor rod in the step (4) is phi 18 thread steel, the length of the anchor rod is 0.8-1m, the anchor rod is arranged in a staggered manner, the transverse spacing is 1.5-2m, and the longitudinal spacing is 1.5-2m.
Preferably, the plant growing bags in the step (5) are woven by degradable plastics, the diameter of the plant growing bags is 8-10cm, the length of the plant growing bags is 1-2m, the transverse distance is 1-2m, the longitudinal distance is 1-2m, the plant growing bags are arranged in a transverse staggered manner, light nutrient soil mixed with plant seeds is filled in the plant growing bags, and the light nutrient soil is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15-22% of rice chaff, 10-15% of sawdust, 3-8% of biological carbon powder, 2-5% of sludge expanded ceramsite, 20-25% of sludge biogas residue and 35-40% of leaf mold, wherein the addition amount of the plant seeds is 60-80g/m for carrying out the year, and the mass ratio is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: and (3) caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
Preferably, the thickness of the bottom layer matrix in the step (6) is 2-3cm.
Preferably, the coconut silk blanket in the step (7) is mixed with plant seeds, the addition amount of the plant seeds is 6 to 8g per square meter, and the mass ratio of the plant seeds to the square meter is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust tree: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
Preferably, the thickness of the layer matrix in the step (8) is 2-3cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the seed layer matrix in the step (9) is 2-3 cm, and the mass ratio of the plant seeds is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method, the slope stability is improved by cementing and compacting the waste rock slope, and the slope is subjected to bottom sealing treatment, so that the infiltration of rainwater and irrigation maintenance moisture on the slope is reduced, and the slope landslide potential hazard is reduced; by arranging the plant growing bags, the survival rate of vegetation and the coverage rate of slope vegetation are improved, the adhesive force of the spray-seeding matrix is improved, and the phenomena of matrix sliding and the like are avoided; the three-layer net hanging spray-seeding is adopted, the phenomenon that the substrate is too thick and slips when the substrate is formed by one or two times of spray-seeding is avoided, the coconut silk blanket is arranged between the bottom substrate and the middle substrate, the adhesive force between the substrate layers is enhanced, the risk of substrate slipping is reduced by means of the self tension of the coconut silk blanket, and meanwhile, the stability of the substrate layer is enhanced through the root pricking of the plant seeds arranged in the coconut silk blanket and the later-stage root systems of the plant seeds in the seed layer substrate in the coconut silk blanket.
The method can realize quick ecological restoration of the loose waste rock side slope, can not generate the phenomena of substrate sliding and landslide, can restore the rear side slope, has strong rain wash resistance, weak slope surface moisture permeability and high stability and safety, and can realize the effects of lasting safety and greening of the slope surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure, 0-slope, 1-cement slurry layer, 2-sealing bottom layer, 3-protective net, 4-plant growing bag, 5-bottom layer substrate, 6-coconut fiber blanket, 7-middle layer substrate, 8-seed layer substrate and 9-anchor rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following examples, and it should be understood that the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all of the examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for spray-seeding and repairing a loose stone side slope, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Leveling the slope surface after slope cutting and slope releasing, and removing large waste rocks;
(2) Uniformly spraying cement paste on the slope, standing for 1 hour, wherein the water-cement ratio of the cement paste is 1;
(3) Mechanically compacting the slope after standing in the step (2), and then spraying a bottom sealing layer, wherein the bottom sealing layer is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 3% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 90% of clay, 7% of portland slag cement, 55% of solid content of the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, and 32.5% of strength grade of the portland slag cement;
(4) Paving protective nets after the slope surface bottom sealing layer in the step (3) is hardened, fixing the protective nets on the slope surface through anchor rods, wherein the protective nets are cold-plated zinc hook flower nets, the hole diameter is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is 11cm, the protective nets exceed the slope top by 1.2m, phi 18 deformed steels transversely arranged at the slope top and with the length of 9m are fixedly connected through iron wires, the phi 18 deformed steels transversely arranged and phi 22 deformed steels longitudinally wedged into the slope top are fixed through U-shaped bolts, the anchor rods are phi 18 deformed steels, the length of 0.8m, staggered joint arrangement is carried out, the transverse distance is 1.5m, and the longitudinal distance is 1.5m;
(5) The method comprises the following steps of transversely arranging plant growth bags in staggered joints between a protective net and a slope surface, wherein the plant growth bags are woven by degradable plastics, the diameter of each plant growth bag is 8cm, the length of each plant growth bag is 1m, the transverse distance of each plant growth bag is 1m, the longitudinal distance of each plant growth bag is 1m, the plant growth bags are transversely arranged in staggered joints, light nutrient soil mixed with plant seeds is filled in the plant growth bags, and the light nutrient soil consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15% of rice chaff, 15% of sawdust, 8% of biological carbon powder, 2% of sludge expanded ceramsite, 25% of sludge biogas residue and 35% of leaf mold, wherein the addition amount of the plant seeds is 60/m, and the mass ratio is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust tree: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: 3;
(6) Spraying a bottom substrate onto the slope surface protection net, wherein the bottom substrate is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 parts of soil, 10 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of rice chaff, 5 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of regenerated paper pulp fibers, 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 part of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 part of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.3 part of anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer matrix is 2 to 3cm;
(7) The coconut silk blanket is laid on a bottom substrate and fixed with a protective net and anchor rods through iron wires, plant seeds are mixed in the coconut silk blanket, the addition amount of the plant seeds is 6 g/square meter, and the mass ratio is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust tree: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: 3, elm = 1;
(8) Spraying a middle-layer matrix onto the slope coconut fiber blanket, wherein the middle-layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 parts of soil, 10 parts of peat, 15 parts of rice chaff, 5 parts of saw, 10 parts of wood fiber, 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 part of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 part of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.3 part of anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the thickness of the middle-layer matrix is 2 to 3cm;
(9) Spraying a seed layer matrix onto the middle layer matrix, wherein the seed layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 parts of soil, 10 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of rice chaff, 5 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of wood fiber, 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 part of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 part of starch grafted acrylamide, 0.3 part of anionic polyacrylamide and 8 parts of plant seeds, wherein the thickness of the seed layer matrix is 2 to 3cm, and the mass ratio of the plant seeds is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: and (3) caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
The loose waste rock slope with the gradient of 35 degrees is subjected to spray-seeding restoration according to the embodiment, after one month, the slope is washed for 1 hour under the rainfall intensity of 80mm/h, the slope has no matrix slipping and landslide phenomena, no debris flow phenomenon and no change in slope stability, and the vegetation coverage rate is 95% after 1 year.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for spray-seeding and repairing a loose stone side slope, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Leveling the slope surface after slope cutting and slope releasing, and removing large waste rocks;
(2) Uniformly spraying cement paste on the slope, standing for 1.5 hours, wherein the water-cement ratio of the cement paste is 1;
(3) Mechanically compacting the slope after standing in the step (2), and then spraying a bottom sealing layer, wherein the bottom sealing layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 88% of clay, 8% of portland slag cement, 55% of solid content of the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, and 32.5% of strength grade of the portland slag cement;
(4) Paving a protective net after the slope surface bottom sealing layer is hardened in the step (3), fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod, wherein the protective net is a cold-plated zinc hook flower net, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is 13cm, the protective net exceeds the slope top by 1.4m, phi 18 deformed steel transversely arranged with the length of 9m at the slope top is connected and fixed through an iron wire, the phi 18 deformed steel transversely arranged and phi 22 deformed steel longitudinally wedged into the slope top are fixed through U-shaped bolts, the anchor rod is phi 18 deformed steel, the length of 0.9m, staggered joint arrangement is realized, the transverse distance is 1.8m, and the longitudinal distance is 1.8m;
(5) The method comprises the following steps of transversely arranging plant growth bags in staggered joints between a protective net and a slope surface, wherein the plant growth bags are woven by degradable plastics, the diameter of each plant growth bag is 9cm, the length of each plant growth bag is 1.5m, the transverse distance of each plant growth bag is 1.5m, the longitudinal distance of each plant growth bag is 1.5m, the plant growth bags are transversely arranged in staggered joints, and light nutrient soil mixed with plant seeds is filled in the plant growth bags and consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 18% of rice chaff, 13% of sawdust, 5% of biological carbon powder, 3% of sludge expanded ceramsite, 23% of sludge biogas residue and 38% of leaf mold, wherein the addition amount of the plant seeds is 70/m of the weight ratio of ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: 3, elm = 1;
(6) Spraying a bottom substrate onto the slope surface protection net, wherein the bottom substrate is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 95 parts of soil, 8 parts of peat soil, 13 parts of rice chaff, 4 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of regenerated paper pulp fibers, 1.5 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.1 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.4 part of anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer matrix is 2-3cm;
(7) The coconut silk blanket is laid on a bottom substrate and fixed with a protective net and anchor rods through iron wires, plant seeds are mixed in the coconut silk blanket, the addition amount of the plant seeds is 7 g/square meter, and the mass ratio is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: 3, elm = 1;
(8) Spraying a middle-layer substrate onto the slope coconut fiber blanket, wherein the middle-layer substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of soil, 8 parts of peat soil, 13 parts of rice chaff, 4 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of wood fiber, 1.5 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.1 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.4 part of anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the thickness of the middle-layer matrix is 2 to 3cm;
(9) Spraying a seed layer matrix onto the middle layer matrix, wherein the seed layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 95 parts of soil, 8 parts of peat soil, 13 parts of rice chaff, 4 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of wood fiber, 1.5 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.1 parts of starch grafted acrylamide, 0.4 part of anionic polyacrylamide and 9 parts of plant seeds, wherein the thickness of the seed layer matrix is 2 to 3cm, and the mass ratio of the plant seeds is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
After one month, the loose waste rock slope with the gradient of 38 degrees is washed for 1 hour under the rainfall intensity of 80mm/h, the slope has no matrix slipping and landslide, no debris flow, no change in slope stability, and the vegetation coverage rate is 96% after 1 year.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for spray-seeding and repairing a loose stone side slope, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Leveling the slope surface after slope cutting and slope releasing, and removing large waste rocks;
(2) Uniformly spraying cement paste on the slope, standing for 2 hours, wherein the water-cement ratio of the cement paste is 1;
(3) Mechanically compacting the slope after standing in the step (2), and then spraying a bottom sealing layer, wherein the bottom sealing layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 85% of clay, 10% of portland slag cement, 55% of solid content of the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, and 32.5% of strength grade of the portland slag cement;
(4) Paving a protective net after the slope surface bottom sealing layer is hardened in the step (3), fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod, wherein the protective net is a cold-plated zinc hook flower net, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is 15cm, the protective net exceeds the slope top by 1.6m, phi 18 deformed steel bars transversely arranged with the length of 9m at the slope top are connected and fixed through iron wires, the phi 18 deformed steel transversely arranged and phi 22 deformed steel longitudinally wedged into the slope top are fixed through U-shaped bolts, the anchor rod is phi 18 deformed steel, the length of 1m, staggered joint arrangement is realized, the transverse distance is 2m, and the longitudinal distance is 2m;
(5) The method comprises the following steps of transversely arranging plant growth bags at staggered joints between a protective net and a slope surface, wherein the plant growth bags are woven by degradable plastics, the diameter of each plant growth bag is 10cm, the length of each plant growth bag is 2m, the transverse distance of each plant growth bag is 2m, the longitudinal distance of each plant growth bag is 2m, the transverse staggered joints are arranged, light nutrient soil mixed with plant seeds is filled in each plant growth bag, and the light nutrient soil consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: the method comprises the following steps of 22% of rice chaff, 10% of sawdust, 3% of biological carbon powder, 5% of sludge expanded ceramsite, 20% of sludge biogas residue and 40% of leaf mold, wherein the addition amount of the plant seeds is 80/m, and the mass ratio is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: 3;
(6) Spraying a bottom substrate onto the slope surface protection net, wherein the bottom substrate is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of soil, 5 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of regenerated paper pulp fiber, 1 part of compound fertilizer, 1.4 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer matrix is 2 to 3cm;
(7) The coconut silk blanket is laid on a bottom substrate and fixed with a protective net and anchor rods through iron wires, plant seeds are mixed in the coconut silk blanket, the addition amount of the plant seeds is 8 g/square meter, and the mass ratio is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust tree: and (3) caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: 3, elm = 1;
(8) Spraying a middle-layer substrate onto the slope coconut fiber blanket, wherein the middle-layer substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of soil, 5 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of wood fiber, 1 part of compound fertilizer, 1.4 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the thickness of the middle-layer matrix is 2 to 3cm;
(9) Spraying a seed layer matrix onto the middle layer matrix, wherein the seed layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of soil, 5 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of wood fiber, 1 part of compound fertilizer, 1.4 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide, 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide and 9 parts of plant seeds, wherein the thickness of a seed layer matrix is 2 to 3cm, and the mass ratio of the plant seeds is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
After one month, the loose waste rock slope with the slope of 40 degrees is washed for 1 hour under the rainfall intensity of 80mm/h, the slope has no matrix slipping and landslide, no debris flow, no change in slope stability, and the vegetation coverage rate is 96% after 1 year.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A spray-seeding repairing method for loose stone side slopes comprises the following steps: (1) Leveling the slope surface after slope cutting and slope releasing, and removing large waste rocks; (2) Uniformly spraying cement paste on the slope surface, and then standing for 1-2 hours; (3) Mechanically compacting the slope after standing in the step (2), and then spraying a bottom sealing layer, wherein the bottom sealing layer is formed by the following massThe raw materials in percentage are as follows: 3-5% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 85-90% of clay, 7-10% of portland slag cement, 55% of solid content of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion and 32.5% of portland slag cement strength grade; (4) Paving a protective net after the slope surface sealing bottom layer in the step (3) is hardened, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod; (5) The method comprises the following steps of transversely arranging plant growing bags in staggered joints between a protective net and a slope surface, wherein the plant growing bags are woven by degradable plastics, the diameter of each plant growing bag is 8-10 cm, the length of each plant growing bag is 1-2 m, the transverse distance of each plant growing bag is 1-2 m, the longitudinal distance of each plant growing bag is 1-2 m, the plant growing bags are transversely arranged in staggered joints, light nutrient soil mixed with plant seeds is filled in the plant growing bags, and the light nutrient soil is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15-20% of rice chaff, 10-15% of sawdust, 3-7% of biological carbon powder, 2-3% of sludge expanded ceramsite, 20-30% of sludge biogas residue and 35-40% of leaf mold, wherein the addition amount of the plant seeds is 60-80 g/m3The mass ratio of the ryegrass is as follows: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust tree: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: 3, elm = 1; (6) Spraying a bottom layer matrix onto the slope surface protection net, wherein the bottom layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 to 100 parts of soil, 5 to 10 parts of peat soil, 10 to 15 parts of rice chaff, 3 to 5 parts of sawdust, 5 to 10 parts of regenerated paper pulp fiber, 1 to 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 to 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.3 to 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide; (7) A coconut silk blanket is laid on the substrate of the bottom layer and is fixed with the protective net and the anchor rod through iron wires; (8) Spraying a middle-layer substrate onto the slope coconut fiber blanket, wherein the middle-layer substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 to 100 parts of soil, 5 to 10 parts of peat soil, 10 to 15 parts of rice chaff, 3 to 5 parts of sawdust, 5 to 10 parts of wood fiber, 1 to 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 to 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 0.3 to 0.5 part of anionic polyacrylamide; (9) Spraying a seed layer matrix onto the middle layer matrix, wherein the seed layer matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 to 100 parts of soil, 5 to 10 parts of peat soil, 10 to 15 parts of rice chaff, 3 to 5 parts of sawdust, 5 to 10 parts of wood fiber, 1 to 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 to 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 to 1.2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide,0.3 to 0.5 portion of anionic polyacrylamide and 8 to 10 portions of plant seeds.
2. The method for spray-seeding and repairing the loose stone slope according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the water cement ratio of the cement paste is 1.
3. The spray-seeding repair method for loose stone side slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective net in step (4) is a cold-galvanized wire-mesh with hole diameter
The width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is more than 10cm, the protective net exceeds the slope top by more than 1m, and the protective nets are transversely arranged at the slope top and with the length of 9m
The deformed steel bars are connected and fixed through iron wires and arranged transversely
With deformed steel bars wedged longitudinally into the crest
The deformed steel bar is fixed through a U-shaped bolt.
4. The method for spray-seeding repair of loose stone side slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anchor rod in step (4) is
The length of the deformed steel bar is 0.8-1 m, the deformed steel bar is arranged in staggered joints, the transverse distance is 1.5-2 m, and the longitudinal distance is 1.5-2 m.
5. The method for repairing a loose stone slope by spray-seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the bottom substrate in the step (6) is 2-3 cm.
6. The spray-seeding repair method for loose rocky side slopes, according to claim 1, wherein plant seeds are mixed in the coconut silk blanket in the step (7), the addition amount of the plant seeds is 6-8 g per square meter, and the mass ratio of the plant seeds to the square meter is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust tree: and (3) caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
7. The method for repairing a loose stone slope by spray-seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the layer matrix in the step (8) is 2-3 cm.
8. The method for repairing loose rocky slope by spray seeding according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the seed layer matrix in the step (9) is 2-3 cm, and the mass ratio of the plant seeds is ryegrass: tall fescue: white wax: and (3) locust tree: caragana microphylla: acer truncatum: amorpha fruticosa: elm = 1.
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| CN114133932A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-04 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | Aggregating agent for soilless spray seeding of high and steep rocky slope and application method thereof |
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