CN112616461B

CN112616461B - Kiwi fruit green branch cutting seedling method

Info

Publication number: CN112616461B
Application number: CN202011514449.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤晓丽; 朱琳; 谢祎珂; 莫丹; 王丽雯; 姚雨荷
Original assignee: Ludong University
Current assignee: Ludong University
Priority date: 2020-12-21
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2022-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-21
Also published as: CN112616461A

Abstract

The invention discloses a actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method, which comprises the following steps: step S1, cultivation of planting site: selecting a sunny slope with the inclination of 5-12 degrees as a transplanting site, and establishing a greenhouse with the length of 35m, the width of 10m and the height of 12m as a seedling culture site; step S2, breeding base: in the first stage, arbor plants with the height larger than 7m and shrub plants with the height smaller than 1.2m within the radius range of 100m-120m of a transplanting site area are cut off, and the upper port of the PVC pipe is located at the position of 0.5m-0.65m underground. The method comprises the steps of shearing adult woody branches of adult mother trees, forming an inclined cut of 45-60 degrees at the root of each branch, and pushing tillering of the roots of the branches by using an indoleacetic acid solution, naphthylacetic acid and high temperature; meanwhile, clean fertilizers such as carbendazim nutrient, stable manure and the like are laid around, conditions such as water supply and fertilization are improved, soil is fixed, nourishment is increased, and support and protection are carried out on the transplanted green kiwi branch growing branches, so that the growing branches after cuttage and transplantation can grow with high survival rate.

Description

Kiwi fruit green branch cutting seedling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of actinidia arguta tree cultivation, in particular to a actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method.

Background

It is well known that kiwifruit is soft in texture and has gained wide acceptance around the world because it tastes sour and sweet and the taste is described as a mixture of three of strawberry, banana and pineapple. The kiwi fruit contains organic substances such as actinidine, proteolytic enzyme, tannin pectin and saccharides, trace elements such as calcium, potassium, selenium, zinc and germanium, 17 amino acids required by human body, and also contains abundant vitamin C, glucose, fructose, citric acid, malic acid and fat. According to reliable investigation, the kiwi fruit is native to south China, and the kiwi fruit is named as kiwi fruit because the kiwi fruit likes to eat the fruit.

Along with the continuous growth of edible demand, a plurality of national regions have all implemented the introduction to the kiwi fruit and have planted, but receive natural condition's restriction, there is the planting difficulty in some regions, mainly because there is difference between kiwi fruit tree self attribute and other tree species, make the survival rate of kiwi fruit tree very low, seriously influenced the output of kiwi fruit, lead to its demand to obtain to satisfy, so under prior art, the difficult problem of cultivating of kiwi fruit tree species is waited for countermeasures urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, cuttage cultivation of green kiwi branches is difficult, and provides a actinidia arguta green branch cuttage seedling method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method comprises the following steps:

step S1, cultivation of planting site: selecting a sunny slope with the inclination of 5-12 degrees as a transplanting site, and establishing a greenhouse with the length of 35m, the width of 10m and the height of 12m as a seedling culture site;

step S2, breeding base:

in the first stage, cutting off arbor plants with the height of more than 7m and shrub plants with the height of less than 1.2m in the range of 100-120 m of the radius of the transplanting site area,

two stages, PVC pipes with the transverse and longitudinal spacing of 1.5m-2m are vertically inserted in the transplanting site, the upper ports of the PVC pipes are positioned at the position of 0.5m-0.65m underground,

three stages, namely, performing 1-3 times of spraying irrigation on the transplanting site within 50-70 days in the period of 1-3 months until the depth of surface water reaches 10-15 mm,

fourthly, sprinkling irrigation for 3 to 5 times on the seedling growing site within 55 to 70 days in the period of 1 to 3 months until the soil is mud-like,

fifthly, controlling the temperature in the seedling growing site to be 23-28 ℃ during 2-4 months;

step S3, primary fertilization and seeding:

in the first stage, annular square pits with the transverse and longitudinal spacing of 2m-2.2m are arranged in a transplanting site area, wet and decayed plant residues are poured into the annular square pits, 1.2kg-1.5kg of base fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled on the plant residues,

two stages, uniformly paving a wet peat soil layer with the thickness of 0.5m-0.7m in a seedling site area, arranging 12-15 long pits with the length of 30m, the width of 0.5m and the depth of 0.8m in the peat soil layer, pouring lotus pond sludge into the long pits, uniformly sprinkling a semi-dry loose black soil layer on the lotus pond sludge, and uniformly sprinkling a carbendazim nutrient with the concentration of 35% -44% on the black soil layer;

step S4, seedling cultivation:

one stage, selecting adult mother tree with age over 3 years in 2-4 months, cutting sufficient ligneous branches with length of 1.2-1.5 m and diameter over 1cm from the mother tree,

two stages, cutting an inclined cut with an angle of 45-60 degrees at the root of the twig, wherein the length of the cut is 15-18 cm,

three stages, wrapping the roots of the raw branches with moist peat soil, inserting a plurality of breathable micropores, and binding and fixing the raw branches to be shaped by utilizing dry thatch;

step S5, cultivating the cutting:

in the first stage, every 10-15 branches are tied into a bundle, the root parts are flush, each branch is required to be loose and breathable,

two-stage, spraying indoleacetic acid solution with the concentration of 22% -25% to the roots of the branches in 7-12 days;

step S6, heat preservation and root forcing:

in the first stage, the whole bundle of the branches is placed in a dry and cool cellar with the temperature of 2-9 ℃, the temperature is kept constant within 7-10 days,

second, during the heat preservation period, uniformly coating fine sand on the root of the whole bundle of the branches, wherein the fine sand reaches the room temperature;

step S7, management and protection before planting:

in the first stage, the whole branch is detached until the top end of the branch grows to be not full and the naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 10-20% is uniformly sprayed to the root of the branch within 3-5 days,

two stages, the thatch and peat soil on the roots of the branches are unsealed, the thatch and the peat soil are vertically inserted into the long pits of the seedling growing site after being cleaned by clear water,

three stages, paving decomposed and diluted animal manure and livestock hoofs at the root positions of the inserted branches every 3-5 days, and slightly applying soil manure to cover the roots of the branches;

step S8, transplanting cutting shoots:

in the first stage, at the beginning of 6 months, wet river sand with the thickness of 0.5m-0.7m is paved on the transplanting sites, inorganic fertilizer is uniformly paved on the wet river sand,

in the second stage, in the middle ten days of 6 months, the branch growing with the ear is transplanted from the seedling growing site, and the branch growing with the ear is planted in the annular square pit in the transplanting site;

step S9, performing tube culture in the planting period:

in the first stage, anti-lodging brackets for supporting the branches are inserted at equal intervals around the branches to ensure that the anti-lodging brackets are lower than the top ends of the branches,

two stages, during 6-8 months, the positions of the branches and the roots are fixed with soil irregularly at the positions of the annular square pits, 0.5kg-0.85kg of clean water is poured,

and in the three stages, 0.35kg-0.5kg of microbial organic fertilizer is paved around the annular square pit for 6-8 times every 12-15 days in the period of 6-9 months.

Preferably, in the step S1, fine river sand is distributed in the transplanting site area, a sufficient water source controlled by monsoon climate is provided at the upper end of the sunny slope, wet river sand and fine sand soil after manual screening are distributed in the seedling growing site area, and a constant temperature control system is provided in the greenhouse.

Preferably, the inserting depths of the PVC pipes in step S2 are sequentially set according to the height of the sunny slope of the transplanting site, and the PVC pipes are provided with a plurality of water seepage holes.

Preferably, in step S3, the length and width of each circular square pit are 0.5m and the depth is 0.7m, and the base fertilizer comprises okara and livestock soil manure.

Preferably, the whole bundle of raw branches in the step S5 is wrapped with dry herbs.

Preferably, the fine sand temperature in the step S6 is 21-26 ℃.

Preferably, the animal manure and the livestock hoof nails in the three stages of step S7 are sterilized by zineb or potassium permanganate and then used.

Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer in the first stage of step S8 includes potassium perphosphate and ferrous sulfate, and the microbial organic fertilizer in the third stage of step S9 includes the diluted liquid of the agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the method, the green branches of the kiwi fruit trees are cut at a seedling site with high survival rate by shearing the adult woody branches on the adult mother trees, forming an inclined cut of 45-60 degrees at the root of the branch, and promoting tillering of the root of the branch by using an indoleacetic acid solution, naphthylacetic acid and a high-temperature environment to ensure the life vitality and the re-breeding function of the cut branch.

2. According to the invention, a greenhouse type seedling growing site is arranged, and peat soil, lotus pond silt and black soil are laid in sequence, so that the soil fertility of the seedling growing site is ensured; meanwhile, clean fertilizers such as carbendazim nutrient, stable manure and the like are laid around, so that the kiwi fruit branches planted in the seedling growing site can grow roots and ears quickly.

3. According to the method, the sunny slope with a certain inclination angle is selected, conditions such as water supply and fertilization are improved, soil is fixed, nutrition is increased, and supporting and protection are carried out on the green branch of the transplanted kiwi fruit, so that the high-survival-rate growth of the transplanted green branch can be guaranteed.

In conclusion, the invention utilizes the adult mother tree to cut the adult woody branches, the root of the branch is provided with an inclined cut of 45-60 degrees, and the tillering of the root of the branch is promoted by utilizing the indoleacetic acid solution, the naphthylacetic acid and the high-temperature environment, so as to ensure the life vitality and the re-breeding function of the cut branch; setting a greenhouse type seedling growing site, and paving peat soil, lotus pond silt and black soil in sequence so as to ensure the soil fertility of the seedling growing site; meanwhile, clean fertilizers such as carbendazim nutrient, stable manure and the like are laid around, so that the live branches can develop for the second time in the seedling culture site, and tillering and ear growing of the roots of the live branches are realized; selecting a sunny slope with a certain inclination angle, and improving conditions such as water supply and fertilization, and carrying out soil fixation, nutrient increase and support and protection on the green branches of the transplanted kiwi fruit to ensure that the branches can grow with high survival rate after cuttage and transplantation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a process schematic diagram of a actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, a actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method comprises the following steps:

step S1, cultivation of planting site: selecting a sunny slope with the inclination of 5-12 degrees as a transplanting site, enabling a water source irrigation water source positioned at the upper end position of the transplanting site to flow automatically by utilizing a smaller inclination angle so as to irrigate and supply water to the green branches after cuttage and transplantation, and enabling the growing environment to have proper temperature and sunlight by utilizing the smaller inclination angle, establishing a greenhouse with the length of 35m, the width of 10m and the height of 12m as a seedling growing site, and appropriately protecting green branches and seedlings of kiwi fruits by arranging a sealed greenhouse;

step S2, breeding base:

in the first stage, arbor plants with the height of more than 7m and shrub plants with the height of less than 1.2m within the radius range of 100m-120m of the transplanting site area are cut off, so that the transplanted green kiwi fruit branches can obtain enough nutrients from the soil environment, meanwhile, the green kiwi fruit branches near the transplanting site can not be shaded too much, so that the green kiwi fruit branches can have enough sunshine,

in the second stage, PVC pipes with the transverse and longitudinal spacing of 1.5m-2m are vertically inserted in the transplanting site, the upper ports of the PVC pipes are positioned at the position of 0.5m-0.65m underground, through the arrangement of the PVC pipes, underground water sources can enter a shallow soil layer, so that water sources are provided for green branches of the kiwi fruits,

three stages, namely, performing 1-3 times of spraying irrigation on the transplanting site within 50-70 days in the period of 1-3 months until the depth of surface water accumulation reaches 10-15 mm, ensuring that the soil environment in the area of the transplanting site has water storage conditions,

fourthly, sprinkling irrigation for 3 to 5 times on the seedling growing site within 55 to 70 days in the period of 1 to 3 months until the soil is muddy, so that the soil structure is soft, the cuttage is conveniently carried out on the green branch,

step S3, primary fertilization and seeding:

one stage, annular square pits with the transverse and longitudinal spacing of 2m-2.2m are arranged in a transplanting site area, wet and decayed plant residues are poured into the annular square pits, 1.2kg-1.5kg of base fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled on the plant residues, the soil in the transplanting site area has enough nutrients by adding cushion matters in the annular square pits and utilizing the Orleans and the livestock soil manure, because the base fertilizer mostly adopts slow-acting fertilizer, stable manure, compost, livestock manure and the like can be used as the base fertilizer, so that the stable manure, the compost, the livestock manure and the like can be deeply buried in the soil for a long time within the period of 6-8 months, thereby ensuring the fertility of the soil in the transplanting site area,

it is to be noted that the peat soil and the lotus pond sludge are in a fermentation state for a long time, contain a large amount of microorganisms, and can make the soil in the seedling culture site area have sufficient nutrients through the microorganisms,

step S4, seedling cultivation:

in the first stage, selecting an adult mother tree with the age of more than 3 years in 2-4 months, cutting sufficient woody branches with the length of 1.2-1.5 m and the diameter of more than 1cm from the mother tree, wherein the branches have the age of more than one year, so that the branches can have sufficient vitality in the subsequent process and can be prevented from dying prematurely,

in the second stage, an inclined cut with an angle of 45-60 degrees is cut at the root of the twig, the length of the cut is 15-18 cm, so that the twig can be fully contacted with soil in the cutting process to obtain enough nutrients, and the indole acetic acid solution and the naphthalene acetic acid can be quickly absorbed in the heat preservation and root forcing process of the step S6 to accelerate the tillering of the root of the twig,

three stages, wrapping the roots of the raw branches with moist peat soil, inserting a plurality of breathable micropores so as to uniformly distribute underground water sources, and binding and fixing the underground water sources to be shaped by utilizing dry thatch; so as to protect the root of the branch,

step S5, cultivating the cutting:

in the first stage, every 10-15 branches are bound into a bundle, the roots are flush, each branch is required to be loose and breathable, elastic support can be performed through the fine hair grass, mutual extrusion among the branches is avoided, bending deformation of the branches is avoided,

in the second stage, spraying 22-25% indoleacetic acid solution onto the root of the branch in 7-12 days, wherein the indoleacetic acid solution is used as a rooting agent to promote the rapid tillering of the root of the branch;

step S6, heat preservation and root forcing:

the high-temperature storage environment is utilized to lead the growing branches to deeply absorb the rooting agent in the proper temperature environment, thereby realizing the rapid rooting and ear growing,

step S7, management and protection before planting:

in the first stage, the whole branch is detached until the top end of the branch grows to be not full, naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 10-20% is uniformly sprayed to the root of the branch within 3-5 days so as to promote the branch to further root,

the manure and the hoof nails of the livestock are decomposed and diluted to provide proper nutrients for the live branches, and after high-temperature sterilization, the threatened germs can not be left in the manure and the hoof nails of the livestock,

step S8, transplanting cutting shoots:

step S9, performing tube culture in the planting period:

in the first stage, the lodging-resistant brackets for supporting the branches are inserted at equal intervals around the branches, so that the lodging-resistant brackets are lower than the top ends of the branches, the lodging accidents of green branches of kiwi fruits can be avoided in the growing process,

and in the third stage, in the period of 6-9 months, 0.35kg-0.5kg of microbial organic fertilizer is spread around the annular square pit for 6-8 times every 12-15 days so as to obtain enough nutrients for growing green branches of the kiwi fruits.

In the step S1, fine river sand is distributed in the transplanting site area, sufficient water source controlled by monsoon climate is arranged at the upper end of the sunny slope, sufficient irrigation water source can be obtained in the transplanting site area within 5-8 months, wet river sand and fine sandy soil after manual screening are distributed in the seedling culture site area, and a constant temperature control system is arranged in the greenhouse to ensure that the seedling culture site has a proper temperature environment.

In the step S2, the inserting depths of the PVC pipes are sequentially set according to the heights of the sunny slopes of the transplanting sites, and a plurality of water seepage holes are formed in the PVC pipes.

In the step S3, the length and width of the annular square pit are both 0.5m and the depth is 0.7m, and the base fertilizer comprises okara and livestock soil manure so as to ensure that the green branch of kiwi fruit in the annular square pit can obtain enough nutrients.

In the step S5, the whole bundle of branches is wrapped with dry herbs to avoid mutual extrusion of the branches and ensure the straight structure of the branches.

In the step S6, the fine sand temperature is 21-26 ℃, so that the root of the growing branch can be tillered in a proper environment.

And (S7) sterilizing the animal manure and the livestock hoof nail in the three stages by zineb or potassium permanganate and then using the sterilized animal manure and the sterilized livestock hoof nail to ensure the cleanness of the animal manure and the livestock hoof nail fertilizer.

The inorganic fertilizer in the first stage in the step S8 comprises potassium perphosphate and ferrous sulfate, and the microbial organic fertilizer in the third stage in the step S9 comprises a diluent of the agricultural prosperous plant bacteria liquid, so that the fertilizer effect is fast, sufficient nutrients can be provided for green branches of kiwi fruits in a vigorous growth stage, and the fast growth of the green branches of kiwi fruits is ensured.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S2, breeding base:

step S3, primary fertilization and seeding:

step S4, seedling cultivation:

step S5, cultivating the cutting:

step S6, heat preservation and root forcing:

step S7, management and protection before planting:

step S8, transplanting cutting shoots:

step S9, performing tube culture in the planting period:

2. The actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, fine river sand is distributed in a transplanting site area, a sufficient water source controlled by monsoon climate is arranged at the upper end of a sunny slope, wet river sand and fine sand soil after manual screening are distributed in the seedling site area, and a greenhouse is provided with a constant temperature control system.

3. The actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the inserting depth of the PVC pipes in the step S2 is set in sequence according to the height of the slope of the transplanting site facing the sun, and the PVC pipes are provided with a plurality of water seepage holes.

4. The method for raising seedlings of actinidia arguta by cutting through green branches according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the annular square pits are 0.5m long and 0.7m deep, and the base fertilizer comprises okang le and livestock soil manure.

5. The actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, dry herbs are wrapped in the whole bundle of raw branches.

6. The actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the fine sand temperature in the step S6 is 21-26 ℃.

7. The actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein animal manures and livestock hooves in the three stages of step S7 are sterilized by zineb or potassium permanganate and then used.

8. The actinidia arguta green branch cutting seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer in the step S8 comprises potassium perphosphate and ferrous sulfate, and the microbial organic fertilizer in the step S9 comprises a diluent of a planting bacteria liquid of Purpurel.