CN112588294A - 一种空气净化用复合材料 - Google Patents
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc ferrite Chemical compound O=[Zn].O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- SZKTYYIADWRVSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Zn++] SZKTYYIADWRVSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 graphite alkyne Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/889—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/8892—Manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种空气净化用复合材料,其采用冷冻干燥方式制备还原的氧化石墨炔‑MnO2气凝胶;随后以其为支撑骨架采用电化学沉积工艺负载铁酸锌,丰富的层次空隙结构有效的提升材料比表面积从而捕捉空气中的有害成分;引入还原的氧化石墨炔,能够抑制光生电子‑空穴对复合,从而提高复合材料的催化性能;二氧化锰‑铁酸锌形成异质结结构,克服了单一的催化材料的不足,三种材料协同作用,在可见光下对甲醛、甲苯、氨等有毒气体具有优秀的光催化活性和光降解速率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种空气净化用光催化剂的制备方法,特别是涉及一种能降解空气污染物的光催化剂的制备方法,应用于空气治理技术领域。
背景技术
随着社会不断发展,空气污染愈演愈烈,汽车的尾气、房屋装修后的残留有害物质和工业生产排放的有毒气体排放到空气中,严重的影响人类的生活质量。
空气污染主要包括有机物污染和重金属污染,其中有机污染物主要包括芳香类及其衍生物、烷烃类和烯烃类等有刺激性气味的有机物,其常压下沸点介于50℃-260℃之间,室温下饱和蒸气压超过70Pa,化学性质较稳定,难于自然分解和生物降解。目前,空气有机污染物主要通过物理、化学以及生物方法去除,光催化技术治理空气污染的主要手段之一,其具有可利用光在光催化材料表面原位形成活性氧物种,活性氧物种与吸附在催化剂表面的污染物分子相互作用,将其分解转化进而达到净化空气污染物,光催化技术具有反应条件温和、自由基反应速率快的优点,但现有的光催化剂普遍结构不稳定,光催化效率普遍较低。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种光催化剂的制备方法,特别是涉及一种能降解空气污染物的光催化剂的制备方法,应用于光催化剂材料制备和空气治理技术领域。
一种空气净化用复合材料,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将MnCl2·4H2O、KMnO4和氧化石墨炔加入到DMF中,50-100℃条件下反应60-100min,产物用水和去离子水洗涤3次后分散在去离子水中,浓度为20-50mg/mL,液氮中冷冻0.5-1h,随后置于冷冻干燥室中干燥12-24h,制得三维还原的氧化石墨炔-MnO2气凝胶;
(2)称量锌盐、铁盐分散于去离子水中,超声溶解,随后,以MnO2气凝胶作为工作电极,铂片电极作为对电极,饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,电沉积电压为-2-2V,电沉积时间为30-40min,在MnO2气凝胶内部电沉积铁酸锌,烘干,将烘干的前驱体进行热处理。
优选的,热处理温度为300-500℃,且热处理在惰性气氛下进行。
优选的,烘干工艺为于60-80℃烘箱中120-240min。
优选的,所述锌盐、铁盐为硝酸盐、硫酸盐。
优选的,热处理的时间为1-3h。
有益效果:
本申请以二氧化锰/还原的氧化石墨炔气凝胶作为支撑骨架,在其表面以电化学沉积工艺制备铁酸锌,丰富的层次空隙结构有效的提升材料比表面积,便于铁酸锌的大量负载,并且可以有效捕捉空气中的有害成分;二氧化锰-铁酸锌形成异质结结构,克服了单一的催化材料的不足,引入还原的氧化石墨炔,发现其能够抑制光生电子-空穴对复合,从而提高复合材料的催化性能;三种材料协同作用,在可见光下对甲醛、甲苯、氨等有毒气体具有优秀的光催化活性和光降解速率。
实施例1
(1)将0.23g的MnCl2·4H2O、0.15g的KMnO4和0.02g氧化石墨炔加入到50mL的DMF中,60℃条件下反应100min,产物用水和去离子水洗涤3次后分散在水中,浓度为20mg/mL,液氮中冷冻0.5h,随后置于冷冻干燥室中干燥12h,制得3D的还原氧化石墨炔-MnO2气凝胶;
(2)称量硝酸锌、硫酸铁分散于100mL去离子水中,超声溶解,随后,以气凝胶作为工作电极,铂片电极作为对电极,饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,电沉积电压为-2V,电沉积时间为30min,在气凝胶内部电沉积铁酸锌,于60℃烘箱中120min烘干,将烘干的前驱体进行热处理,热处理温度为350℃。
实施例2
(1)将0.23g的MnCl2·4H2O、0.15g的KMnO4和0.01g氧化石墨炔加入到50mL的DMF中,80℃条件下反应100min,产物用水和去离子水洗涤3次后分散在水中,浓度为25mg/mL,液氮中冷冻0.5h,随后置于冷冻干燥室中干燥24h,制得3D的还原氧化石墨炔-MnO2气凝胶;
(2)称量硝酸锌、硫酸铁分散于100mL去离子水中,超声溶解,随后,以气凝胶作为工作电极,铂片电极作为对电极,饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,电沉积电压为-1V,电沉积时间为50min,在气凝胶内部电沉积铁酸锌,于60℃烘箱中120min烘干,将烘干的前驱体进行热处理,热处理温度为380℃。
实施例3
(1)将0.3g的MnCl2·4H2O、0.24g的KMnO4和0.005g氧化石墨炔加入到50mL的DMF中,80℃条件下反应100min,产物用水和去离子水洗涤3次后分散在水中,浓度为25mg/mL,液氮中冷冻0.5h,随后置于冷冻干燥室中干燥24h,制得3D的还原氧化石墨炔-MnO2气凝胶;
(2)称量硝酸锌、硫酸铁分散于100mL去离子水中,超声溶解,随后,以气凝胶作为工作电极,铂片电极作为对电极,饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,电沉积电压为-1V,电沉积时间为50min,在气凝胶内部电沉积铁酸锌,于60℃烘箱中120min烘干,将烘干的前驱体进行热处理,热处理温度为380℃。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种空气净化用复合材料,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将MnCl2·4H2O、KMnO4和氧化石墨炔加入到DMF中,50-100℃条件下反应60-100min,产物用水和去离子水洗涤3次后分散在去离子水中,浓度为20-50mg/mL,液氮中冷冻0.5-1h,随后置于冷冻干燥室中干燥12-24h,制得三维还原的氧化石墨炔-MnO2气凝胶;
(2)称量锌盐、铁盐分散于去离子水中,超声溶解,随后,以步骤(1)中制备的气凝胶作为工作电极,铂片电极作为对电极,饱和甘汞电极作为参比电极,电沉积电压为-2-2V,电沉积时间为30-40min,在MnO2气凝胶内部电沉积铁酸锌,烘干,将烘干的前驱体进行热处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种空气净化用复合材料,热处理温度为300-500℃,且热处理在惰性气氛下进行。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种空气净化用复合材料,烘干工艺为于60-80℃烘箱中120-240min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种空气净化用复合材料,所述锌盐、铁盐为硝酸盐、硫酸盐。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种空气净化用复合材料,热处理的时间为1-3h。
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CN116371359A (zh) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-04 | 佛山市芯耀环保科技有限公司 | 含活性锰的甲醛吸附剂及其制备方法 |
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