CN112568061A

CN112568061A - Preparation method and application of phlebopus portentosus cultivar prepared from dried cassava slices

Info

Publication number: CN112568061A
Application number: CN202011561443.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王文兵; 张祖兵; 龙继明; 刘静; 杨天伟; 何明霞; 张春霞; 许欣景; 高锋; 方艺伟
Original assignee: Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops
Current assignee: Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-25
Also published as: CN112568061B

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a dry cassava slice for preparing a phlebopus portentosus cultivated species, which comprises a cultivated species formula, a preparation method and application thereof, and is characterized in that the phlebopus portentosus cultivated species formula consists of dry cassava slices, organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust.

Description

Preparation method and application of phlebopus portentosus cultivar prepared from dried cassava slices

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a phlebopus portentosus cultivated species prepared from dry cassava slices, and belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivation.

Background art:

phlebopus portentosus (A. portentosus) (B.) LouPhlebopusportentosus) Belonging to the family of Boletaceae of the order Boletales, is the only edible Bolete which can be artificially cultured and is found in Boletales at present, and is widely distributed in the tropical region. The fruiting bodies of the edible fungi are large in size, delicious in taste and rich in nutritional value, are one of the most popular edible fungi which are popular with people in the south of Yunnan and the northeast of Thailand, and have good cultivation value.

Cassava (academic name:Manihotesculentacassava, Tapioca, a name of English, also known as Tapioca, is a plant of the family Euphorbiaceae, native to south America. The roots of cassava are edible, so that there are many residents in tropical and subtropical regions to grow cassava, and the resulting flour is called Tapioca flour (Tapioca, also known as Tapioca flour or raw flour). Cassava is subshrubular and has fleshy long cylindrical root tuber. The stem is upright with latex, the leaves are intertillage, the palm is 3-9 deep-split, and the split leaves are needle-shaped to long ellipse needle-shaped. The acromion or the axillary is scattered to disperse the panicle, the unisexual flower, the male and female flowers are on the same inflorescence, the female flower is on the upper part, the male flower is on the lower part, and no petal exists. A spherical capsule has 6 longitudinal ribs.

Reference to the literature

1. The artificial cultivation method of the Brazilian duckweed, Cao 26104, Hemingxia, Liujing, Zhang Chunxia, the Wang Wen soldier, the Phlebopus portentosus is disclosed in the Chinese patent CN101524035,2009-09-09.

2. Shijiangtong, a cultivation method of boletus nigricans [ P ]. Shanghai: CN103766137A,2014-05-07.

3. An industrial bottle cultivation method of boletus nigra (P), Chinese patent CN105794496A, 2016-07-27).

4. The culture method of the liquid strain of the phlebopharon abrotanum, the species of the Hemliki, the species of the Wenchun, the species of the Changchun, the species of the Liujing, the species of the Liuchang and the species of the Cao 26104is [ P ]. CN101381684,2009-03-11.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a dry cassava slice for preparing a phlebopus portentosus cultivar, which comprises a cultivar formula, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the dry cassava slice is adopted to replace grains, so that the problems of high cost, unstable fruiting, difficult bottle digging, grain competition with people and the like of the cultivar are fundamentally solved, the cost of the phlebopus portentosus cultivar can be remarkably reduced by 20-40%, and the cost of the phlebopus portentosus cultivation can be reduced by 10-30%. Has important significance for promoting the healthy development of the artificial cultivation industry of bolete.

The technical scheme of the invention comprises a cultivar formula, a preparation method and application.

The invention takes cassava slices, organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust as main cultivation raw materials to prepare the phlebopus portentosus cultivated species, which is the first creation of the phlebopus portentosus cultivated species. The preparation method comprises the following steps:

1. mixing the culture medium according to the percentage, wherein the specific proportion is as follows:

dried cassava … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 20% -30%;

10-20% of organic fertilizer or soil … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 10%;

50% -60% of sawdust … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 50;

then adding clear water and stirring to ensure that the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred, and controlling the water content to be 60-75%.

2. Bagging (bottling), sterilizing, mixing with materials, bagging with polypropylene fungus bags or cultivation bottles, wherein the bagging amount of each bag (bottle) is 800-.

3. Inoculating and culturing bacteria, inoculating pre-cultured original culture or liquid strain after the bacteria are sterilized and cooled, then placing the culture room for culturing, controlling the culture temperature at 28-30 ℃ and the air humidity at 40-50%, and culturing for 40-60d, wherein hypha grows over the fungus bag, and the culture is finished.

The cassava slice is a dried product obtained by drying fresh cassava slices, and the cassava slice/block contains 68-70% of starch, 2.8-3.9% of protein, 0.8% of grease, 3.3% of crude fiber, 0.07% of calcium, 0.05% of phosphorus, 2.4% of ash and 11-14% of water.

The soil is paddy soil, orchard soil, red loam or other soil.

The sawdust refers to fermented rubber sawdust or other miscellaneous tree sawdust.

The organic fertilizer refers to various fermented animal wastes, plant fallen leaves, plant dead branches and grass peat.

The fermentation is a kind of fertilizer formed by adopting physical, chemical, biological or mixed treatment technology of the three, composting, high temperature and anaerobic treatment to eliminate pathogenic bacteria, insect pests, egg pests and harmful substances of weed seeds in the fermentation and achieve harmless standard;

the fermentation also comprises plant residues such as cow dung, sheep dung and animal dung, grass peat and the like which are independently fermented.

An application of a cassava slice as a main culture medium in other edible fungus cultivated species or phlebopus portentosus cultivated stock.

Traditional dark brown dictyostelium boletum cultivar adopts rice grain or other cereal to be main cultivation raw and other materials, compares with this application adoption cassava dry sheet, and traditional rice grain raw and other materials are with high costs, and has the phenomenon of contending for grain with the people, and secondly rice grain need soak 8-12 hours with water and filter out unnecessary moisture again and just can use, greatly increased cultivar's cost of manufacture and cost of labor, be unfavorable for cultivar's optimization. Moreover rice grain skin has hard rice husk, lead to the fungus bag to rip the increase pollution rate easily, if the rice grain can expand and lead to the cultivated species very hard in the sterilization process when adopting the bottle to plant, influence the hypha and grow, and rice grain when handling useless fungus package, its rice grain's blade wearing and tearing are fast, life is short, lead to having to adopt the manual work to dig the bottle and handle useless fungus package, the greatly increased cost of labor, be unfavorable for the mechanization of dark brown dictyostelium bolete cultivation, factory production.

The method takes cassava slices as basic starch raw materials, and then the cassava slices are mixed with organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust to be main cultivation raw materials, the water content of the cassava slices is controlled to be 60% -75%, the cassava slices are fully mixed with the organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust after being fully stirred, the cultivation raw materials with the water content are filled into bottles or bags, the cassava slices/blocks planted in the sterilization process cannot expand, the fungus bags cannot be scratched, and the cassava slices/blocks are easily poured out when the bottled waste fungus bags are treated.

In addition, the starch in the cassava has the excellent characteristics of low impurity content, low gelatinization temperature (the gelatinization temperature is 52-64 ℃ and is 8-10 ℃ lower than that of the corn starch), high viscosity, stable and transparent paste, excellent film forming property, strong permeability and the like, and can be fully mixed with organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust.

Meanwhile, the inventor researches and discovers that the amylopectin is beneficial to the growth of the phlebopus portentosus, and the fruiting rate is high (the cassava starch has two forms of amylopectin and amylose, wherein the amylose accounts for about 17 percent, and the amylopectin accounts for 83 percent).

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method takes cassava slices, organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust as main cultivation raw materials, and compared with the traditional cultivated species, the method has the advantages of lower raw material cost and simpler manufacturing process, can obviously reduce the cost of the cultivated species of phlebopus portentosus by 20-40%, and can reduce the artificial cultivation cost of the phlebopus portentosus by 10-30%.

2. The invention fundamentally solves the problem that the artificial cultivation of the phlebopus portentosus fights for grains with people by replacing grains with the cassava slices, and is the first creation of the phlebopus portentosus cultivation species.

3. The method can obviously improve the fruiting anti-infectious performance of the dark brown phlebopus portentosus during the soil covering process, and effectively solve the problems of mushroom bud atrophy, fruiting body reduction and the like caused by other harmful microorganisms during the soil covering process.

4. The method solves the problems of quick blade abrasion, short service life and the like of the bottle digger in the industrial bottle cultivation method of the boletus nigricans, and can obviously improve the mechanization degree of boletus portentosus cultivation.

5. The cassava slices and the organic fertilizer are rich in organic matters and other nutritional ingredients, the waste mushroom bags after fruiting can be directly returned to the field to improve soil organic matters, improve soil and solve the problem of low utilization rate of the waste mushroom bags.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a cassava slice for use in the present application.

FIG. 2 shows the cultivated cultivars of the present application.

Detailed Description

The invention comprises a formula of phlebopus portentosus cultivated species, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the cultivated species formula comprises dry cassava slices, organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust. The method solves the problems that the cultivated species is high in cost, unstable in fruiting, difficult to dig bottles, difficult to fight for grains with people and the like, can obviously reduce the cost of the cultivated species of the phlebopus portentosus by 20-40%, and reduce the artificial cultivation cost of the phlebopus portentosus by 10-30%.

The application of the cassava slice can be used as other edible fungus cultivated species of main cultivation substrates or the application of the phlebopus portentosus cultivation stock.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1

A method for preparing Phlebopus portentosus cultivar from dried cassava slices comprises preparing dried cassava slices, organic fertilizer and sawdust.

… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 30 percent of cassava slice

Organic fertilizer … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 20%

… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 50 percent of sawdust

The soil is paddy field soil.

The sawdust refers to fermented rubber sawdust.

The organic fertilizer refers to various fermented animal wastes and animal wastes.

The dry cassava slices, the organic fertilizer or the soil and the sawdust are used as main cultivation raw materials to prepare the phlebopus portentosus cultivation seeds, the dry cassava slices are used for replacing grains, the problems of high cultivation seed cost, unstable fruiting, difficult bottle digging, grain competition with people and the like are fundamentally solved, the cost of the phlebopus portentosus cultivation seeds can be remarkably reduced by 20-40%, and the cost of the phlebopus portentosus cultivation is reduced by 10-30%.

Example 2

A method for preparing Phlebopus portentosus cultivar from dry cassava slices comprises preparing dry cassava slices, soil and sawdust.

dried cassava … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 30%.

… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 20% of soil.

Saw dust … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 50% by weight.

The soil is orchard soil.

The sawdust refers to other miscellaneous tree sawdust subjected to fermentation.

The organic fertilizer refers to various fermented plant fallen leaves.

The method has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, wide material source and simple and convenient preparation method, solves the problems of high cost of the cultivated raw materials, grain competition with people and the like in an artificial cultivation method of phlebopus portentosus and a cultivation method of phlebopus portentosus, solves the problems of difficult bottle digging of waste bacteria package, quick abrasion of a cutter blade of a bottle digging machine, short service life, low utilization rate of the bottle digging machine and the like in an industrial bottle cultivation method of phlebopus portentosus, and effectively improves mechanization and industrialization of phlebopus portentosus cultivation.

Example 3

… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 10% of organic fertilizer.

Saw dust … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 60%.

Then adding clear water, stirring and fully and uniformly stirring the mixture, wherein the water content is controlled to be 60-75%.

The soil is red loam.

The sawdust refers to fermented rubber sawdust.

The organic fertilizer refers to various fermented animal wastes and grass peat.

The invention can obviously reduce the seed production cost of the cultivated species by 20 to 40 percent and reduce the artificial cultivation cost of the phlebopus portentosus by 10 to 30 percent; can obviously improve the anti-infectious property of the culture of the phlebopus portentosus, and effectively solve the problems of mushroom bud atrophy, fruiting body reduction and the like caused by other harmful microorganisms in the soil covering process.

Example 4

A method for preparing phlebopus portentosus cultivar from dried cassava slices and its application are disclosed, wherein the cultivar formula comprises dried cassava slices, soil and sawdust.

dried cassava slice … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 20%

… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 20% of soil.

Saw dust … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 60%.

The soil refers to other soils.

The organic fertilizer refers to various fermented plant dead branches and grass peat.

Finally, it should also be noted that the above list is only 4 specific embodiments of the invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Phlebopus portentosus cultivar from dried cassava slices is characterized in that the cultivar formula mainly comprises the steps of mixing and stirring the dried cassava slices, organic fertilizer or soil and sawdust, and the preparation method comprises the following steps

(1) Mixing the culture medium according to the formula of the cultivated species by weight percent, wherein the specific proportion is as follows:

… … … … … … 20 percent to 30 percent of cassava slice,

… … … … 10-20% of organic fertilizer or soil,

50 to 60 percent of sawdust … … … … … … … … 50,

then adding clear water for stirring, and stirring the culture medium to ensure that the culture medium is fully and uniformly stirred, wherein the water content is controlled to be 60-75%;

(2) bagging (bottling), sterilizing, mixing with the matrix material, bagging/bottling with polypropylene bacteria or planting, bagging/bottling with the bagging/bottling amount of 800-;

(3) inoculating and culturing the bacterial bag, inoculating the pre-cultured original culture or liquid bacterial strain after the bacterial bag is sterilized and cooled, then putting the bacterial bag into a culture room for culturing, controlling the culture temperature to be 28-30 ℃ and the air humidity to be 40% -50%, and culturing for 40-50 days until the bacterial bag is overgrown with hypha, thus completing the production of the cultured strain.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the dry cassava slices are dry products obtained by drying fresh cassava slices, and the dry cassava slices/blocks contain 68-70% of starch, 2.8-3.9% of protein, 0.8% of grease, 3.3% of crude fiber, 0.07% of calcium, 0.05% of phosphorus, 2.4% of ash and 11-14% of water.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the soil is paddy soil, orchard soil, laterite soil or other soil.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sawdust is fermented rubber sawdust or other miscellaneous wood sawdust.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is selected from the group consisting of fermented animal wastes, fallen leaves, withered branches and peat.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the fermentation is a type of fertilizer formed by adopting physical, chemical, biological or mixed treatment technology of the three, composting, high temperature and anaerobic treatment to eliminate pathogenic bacteria, insect and egg damages and harmful substances of weed seeds in the fermentation and achieve harmless standard.

7. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the fermentation comprises separately fermented cow dung, sheep dung, animal dung, grass peat and other plant residues.

8. An application of a cassava slice as a main culture medium in other edible fungus cultivated species or phlebopus portentosus cultivated stock.