CN112553324A - 检测trex1基因突变的引物、试剂盒和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种检测TREX1基因突变的引物和方法,其包括扩增TREX1基因全外显子序列的引物;采用Sanger测序技术和测序引物。本发明可快速地将TREX1基因全外显子的突变检测出来。利用本发明完成的检测结果准确,可以辅助诊断Aicardi‑Goutieres综合征,对疾病的诊断和预后有重要的参考意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分子检测领域,特别涉及一种检测TREX1基因突变的试剂盒和检测方法。
背景技术
Aicardi-Goutieres综合征(AGS)是一组罕见的以神经系统及皮肤受累为主的遗传性疾病,绝大多数患儿出生时各项指标均正常,疾病可能会在出生后的数天或1个月内发作,表现为癫痫发作、皮肤上冻疮样皮疹及无菌性发热的严重亚急性脑病,通常表现为喂养困难、易激惹、精神运动倒退或发展迟缓。部分患者新生儿期表现为肝脾大、血小板减少。症状要经过数月的发展才会稳定下来。尽管大多数患儿的症状在出生后1年内快速发展,但部分患儿也呈缓慢发展过程,主要症状包括张力障碍、运动障碍或认知发育迟缓。
该病多为常染色体隐性遗传,少数为常染色体显性遗传。文献研究表示,至今已发现7个致病基因,包括TREX1(AGS1)、RNASEH2B(AGS2)、RNASEH2C(AGS3)、RNASEH2A(AGS4)、SAMHD1(AGS5)、ADAR1(AGS7)和IFIH1(AGS7)基因,这些基因发生基因突变分别会引起AGS1-7型对应疾病的发生。其中TREX1突变会引起AGS1的发生。
TREX1基因位于3号染色体3p21.31,共2个外显子,第一外显子不编码氨基酸。该基因编码一个具有3'外切酶活性的核蛋白,包括位于核酸外切酶DnaQ家族活性部位4个高度保守的酸性残基,这些残基在协调两个Mg2+催化作用中有重要作用。在每个TREX1蛋白中毗邻活性部位和二聚体的结构为PPII,其可能在和SET复合体的相互作用中有重要角色。TREXl蛋白有延伸的C-羟基端跨膜结构域,其涉及到在细胞质内质网中TREXl蛋白的亚细胞定位。最后在每一个活性部位附近有一个和DNA结合的柔软环状结构。TREX1基因的突变会导致AGS综合征、红斑狼疮、Cree脑炎和其他免疫系统疾病。可变剪接也会导致多个转录子变异。TREXl基因突变时核蛋白表达减少、功能障碍甚至功能丧失,导致了DNA双链降解中间体的堆积而激活自身免疫系统,从而引起自身免疫系统疾病。目前已报道的基因突变形式多样,包括碱基的置换、缺失、插入。已发现与AGS相关的TREX1基因突变多达32种。李慧娟的研究指出第一外显子c.460insA插入突变,使得第154-156位氨基酸发生移码突变,第156位提前出现终止密码子TAG,从而导致TREXl蛋白的截短,截去了部分起催化作用的两个Mg+配位结合区域和C-羟基端的跨膜区结构域,影响了蛋白功能。Lee-Kirsch等人的研究表明,大多数有狼疮表现的患儿TREX1基因检测为杂合突变且位于C’羟基功能端,但该研究结果有待于进一步实验证实。郭洪伟等人的研究指出c.45G>T、c.139G>A和c.459_460insA单独携带时并不致病,三个突变同时由一个人携带时会引起疾病。
TREX1突变分析对AGS遗传咨询及产前诊断具有重要意义,AGS的遗传方式为常染色体隐性遗传,TREXl突变分析对于双亲为杂合突变的家庭有重要意义。且该病病人发病年龄较小,对该病的预防需要控制在产前阶段,父母(突变携带者)任何一方没有疾病症状,他们的每一个后代都有四分之一的可能得到两个有缺陷的基因,从而遗传AGS。所以,先证者如致病基因明确,父母决定妊娠应及时进行相关遗传咨询,在妊娠早期阶段进行产前分子诊断,最大限度减少异常胎儿的出生,提高新生儿人口素质。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种检测TREX1基因突变的试剂盒,采用PCR技术,可用于快速检测患者体内TREX1基因的突变情况。
检测TREX1基因突变的引物,其特征在于,包括扩增TREX1基因的引物,其碱基序列为:
TREX1-1F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT GGGAACGGATGGTGGTGA
TREX1-1R:AACAGCTATGACCATG AGGGTGAGGTGGTTTCCTTAG
TREX1-2F1:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT TCGCAGACAGGGCAGGATTG
TREX1-2R1:AACAGCTATGACCATG CACTGGTGAGGCCCAGCATAG
TREX1-2F2:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT CCAACCTGCTCCTAGCCTTCC
TREX1-2R2:AACAGCTATGACCATG GACAAACACTGTGCCCTCCTC。
进一步地,所述引物还包括检测TREX1基因的测序引物,其碱基序列为:
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
本发明还提供了一种检测TREX1基因突变情况的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)抽提血液中的组织DNA;
(2)对步骤(1)中提取的DNA进行PCR扩增,获得扩增引物;其中PCR扩增引物的碱基序列为:
TREX1-1F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT GGGAACGGATGGTGGTGA
TREX1-1R:AACAGCTATGACCATG AGGGTGAGGTGGTTTCCTTAG
TREX1-2F1:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT TCGCAGACAGGGCAGGATTG
TREX1-2R1:AACAGCTATGACCATG CACTGGTGAGGCCCAGCATAG
TREX1-2F2:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT CCAACCTGCTCCTAGCCTTCC
TREX1-2R2:AACAGCTATGACCATG GACAAACACTGTGCCCTCCTC。
(3)利用一对测序引物对步骤(2)中的扩增产物进行测序,所述一对测序引物的碱基序列为:
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG;
(4)对测序结果进行判断,确定TREX1基因是否发生突变。
本发明还提供了一种检测TREX1基因突变位点的试剂盒,包括:
(i)血液DNA抽提试剂;
(ii)检测体系PCR扩增反应液;包括扩增TREX1基因的引物,其碱基序列为:
TREX1-1F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT GGGAACGGATGGTGGTGA
TREX1-1R:AACAGCTATGACCATG AGGGTGAGGTGGTTTCCTTAG
TREX1-2F1:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT TCGCAGACAGGGCAGGATTG
TREX1-2R1:AACAGCTATGACCATG CACTGGTGAGGCCCAGCATAG
TREX1-2F2:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT CCAACCTGCTCCTAGCCTTCC
TREX1-2R2:AACAGCTATGACCATG GACAAACACTGTGCCCTCCTC。
(iii)测序体系试剂;包括检测TREX1基因的测序引物,其碱基序列为:
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
有益效果:本发明设计了扩增TREX1全部2个外显子序列的引物。通过加接头,使3对引物的PCR产物均可以用一种测序引物进行测序。采用PCR技术,构建了稳定的扩增体系。通过调整引物浓度、退火温度等反应条件,可使扩增效率达到最佳。TREX1基因的突变类型种类繁多且遍布整个基因,因此本发明所述引物既能将所述TREX1全外显子序列都扩增出来,也保证无论这些外显子的何处位置发生突变,都不会出现漏检的情况。相比较荧光定量PCR法,本发明降低了检测的成本和难度。荧光定量PCR法要针对不同的突变类型设计多个探针,成本高,检测难度大。
附图说明
图1为TREX1基因在染色体上定位图。
图2、3、4分别为利用引物TREX1-1F\1R、TREX1-2F1\2R1、TREX1-2F2\2R2扩增后的扩增产物的电泳图,M为Marker DL 2000,引物TREX1-1F\1R、TREX1-2F1\2R1、TREX1-2F2\2R2扩增有效,条带明亮。
图5显示是TREX1 1号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的1号外显子c.-68发生部分突变T>TC。
图6显示是TREX1 1号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的1号外显子c.-60发生部分突变C>CT。
图7显示是TREX1 2号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的2号外显子c.266发生部分突变C>CT。
图8显示是TREX1 2号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的2号外显子c.531发生部分突变T>TC。
图9显示是TREX1 2号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的2号外显子c.531发生完全突变T>C。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和附图,进一步阐述本发明。应当注意的是,实施例中未说明的常规条件和方法,通常按照所属领域实验人员常规采用方法:譬如,奥斯柏和金斯顿主编的《精编分子生物学实验指南》第四版,或者按照制造厂商所建议的步骤和条件。
实施例1
检测TREX1基因突变位点的引物,该引物的设计是针对TREX1全外显子设计的扩增引物,包括:
扩增TREX1基因全外显子序列的引物,其碱基序列为:
TREX1-1F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT GGGAACGGATGGTGGTGA
TREX1-1R:AACAGCTATGACCATG AGGGTGAGGTGGTTTCCTTAG
TREX1-2F1:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT TCGCAGACAGGGCAGGATTG
TREX1-2R1:AACAGCTATGACCATG CACTGGTGAGGCCCAGCATAG
TREX1-2F2:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT CCAACCTGCTCCTAGCCTTCC
TREX1-2R2:AACAGCTATGACCATG GACAAACACTGTGCCCTCCTC。
检测TREX1基因突变的试剂盒,包括:
(i)血液DNA抽提试剂;
(ii)检测体系PCR反应液;
(iii)测序体系试剂;
其中,组织DNA抽提试剂可购自天根DNA抽提试剂盒等商品化试剂。
检测体系PCR扩增反应液包括:2×PCR Buffer;2mM dNTPs;KOD FXDNAPolymerase(1U/μl);TREX1基因2个外显子序列的上、下游引物引物TREX1-1F/1R、TREX1-2F1/2R1、TREX1-2F2/2R2引物浓度均为10μM。
测序体系试剂包括:测序纯化液(ExoI:0.6U,CIP:1.2U)、EDTA(125mmol)、无水乙醇、75%乙醇、HIDI(高度去离子甲酰胺)、测序引物:检测TREX1基因全外显子序列的上、下游引物分别为M13F(3.2μm)、M13R(3.2μm),以及Bigdye Terminator V3.1(购买自美国Applied Biosystems公司)。其中,图1是TREX1基因在染色体上定位图。
实施例2
血液/细胞/组织基因组DNA抽提试剂盒(天根生物)的操作流程:
(1)抽提血液中的组织DNA:
1)抽取300μl血液加入900μl红细胞裂解液,颠倒混匀,室温放置5分钟,期间再颠倒混匀几次。12000rpm离心1min,吸去上清,留下白细胞沉淀,加200μl缓冲液GA,振荡至彻底混匀;
2)加入20μl蛋白酶K溶液,混匀;
3)加入200μl缓冲液GB,充分颠倒混匀,70℃放置10分钟,溶液应变清亮,简短离心以去除管盖内壁的水珠;
4)加入200μl无水乙醇,充分振荡混匀15秒,此时可能会出现絮状沉淀,简短离心以去除管盖内壁的水珠;
5)将上一步所得溶液和絮状沉淀都加入一个吸附柱CB3中(吸附柱放入收集管中),12000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放回收集管中;
6)向吸附柱CB3中加入500μl缓冲液GD(使用前请先检查是否已加入无水乙醇),12000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放入收集管中;
7)向吸附柱CB3中加入700μl漂洗液PW(使用前请先检查是否已加入无水乙醇),12000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液,将吸附柱CB3放入收集管中;
8)向吸附柱CB3中加入500μl漂洗液PW,12,000rpm离心30秒,倒掉废液;
9)将吸附柱CB3放回收集管中,12,000rpm离心2分钟,倒掉废液。将吸附柱CB3置于室温放置数分钟,以彻底晾干吸附材料中残余的漂洗液;
10)将吸附柱CB3转入一个干净的离心管中,向吸附膜的中间部位悬空滴加100μl洗脱缓冲液TE,室温放置2-5分钟,12,000rpm离心2分钟,将溶液收集到离心管中。
(2)试剂配置:按检测人份数配置检测体系PCR反应液各Xμl,每人份19μl分装:
X=19μl反应液×(n份标本+1份空白对照)
n为检测标本数。
(3)加样:加入检测体系PCR反应液中1μl DNA;空白对照加1μl生理盐水或不加任何物质。
(4)扩增:检测在常规PCR仪上进行,可用仪器包括ABI veriti(美国AppliedBiosystems公司)等。反应条件如下:
PCR扩增体系试剂配制方法如下:
引物F/R选自TREX1-1F/1R、TREX1-2F1/2R1和TREX1-2F2/2R2。
其中,引物相关信息如下所示,引物序列如实施例1所示:
(5)电泳:1.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,110V,25min,凝胶成像系统观察。
(6)Sanger测序:
取9μl PCR产物与2μl纯化体系。按照以下程序进行纯化:
将1μl纯化产物分别与上、下测序引物按照如下体系进行混合:
反应程序:
沉淀环节:
向完成测序反应的产物中加入2μl 125mmol的EDTA,静置5min;加入15μl无水乙醇,漩涡混匀;3700rpm离心30min;倒置离心15sec,加入50μl 70%乙醇,漩涡混匀;3700rpm离心15min;倒置离心15sec,置于95℃金属浴上;加入10μl Hi-Di后进行变性试验。
变性程序结束后,上测序仪(ABI3730)测序。
(7)结果判断:分别将测序结果与TREX1野生型参考序列(Genbank:NG_041782)进行比对,根据实际突变情况对结果进行报告。
实施例3
取24例的临床样本按实施例1和2的试剂和方法提取基因组、配制试剂、扩增和测序。每份检测体系PCR反应液中加入样本1μl。图2、3和4分别为血液样本以TREX1-1F/1R、TREX1-2F1/2R1、TREX1-2F2/2R2为引物扩增后所得扩增产物的电泳图谱。本发明扩增的片段长度分别为337bp、587bp、768bp,通过电泳图的分析表明本发明所述引物TREX1-1F/1R、TREX1-2F1/2R1、TREX1-2F2/2R2扩增有效,且条带单一。
24例样本的测序结果显示存在5个突变位点,各突变位点及数量如下表所示:
图5显示是TREX1 1号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的1号外显子c.-68发生部分突变T>TC。
图6显示是TREX1 1号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的1号外显子c.-60发生部分突变C>CT。
图7显示是TREX1 2号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的2号外显子c.266发生部分突变C>CT。
图8显示是TREX1 2号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的2号外显子c.531发生部分突变T>TC。
图9显示是TREX1 2号外显子突变型测序截图,说明样本的2号外显子c.531发生完全突变T>C。
从检测结果可以看出,本发明所述引物已经把外显子序列包括在内了,能够扩展出TREX1基因2个外显子,并且测序结果完全准确。本发明所述引物可以准确的扩展出TREX1基因全外显子,无论是野生型还是突变型。
序列表
<110> 济南艾迪康医学检验中心有限公司
<120> 检测TREX1基因突变的引物、试剂盒和方法
<160> 8
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
tgtaaaacga cggccagtgg gaacggatgg tggtga 36
<210> 2
<211> 37
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
aacagctatg accatgaggg tgaggtggtt tccttag 37
<210> 3
<211> 38
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
tgtaaaacga cggccagttc gcagacaggg caggattg 38
<210> 4
<211> 37
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 4
aacagctatg accatgcact ggtgaggccc agcatag 37
<210> 5
<211> 39
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 5
tgtaaaacga cggccagtcc aacctgctcc tagccttcc 39
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<211> 37
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 6
aacagctatg accatggaca aacactgtgc cctcctc 37
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<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
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tgtaaaacga cggccagt 18
<210> 8
<211> 16
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 8
aacagctatg accatg 16
Claims (4)
1.检测TREX1基因突变的引物,其特征在于,包括扩增TREX1基因的引物,其碱基序列为:
TREX1-1F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT GGGAACGGATGGTGGTGA
TREX1-1R:AACAGCTATGACCATG AGGGTGAGGTGGTTTCCTTAG
TREX1-2F1:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT TCGCAGACAGGGCAGGATTG
TREX1-2R1:AACAGCTATGACCATG CACTGGTGAGGCCCAGCATAG
TREX1-2F2:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT CCAACCTGCTCCTAGCCTTCC
TREX1-2R2:AACAGCTATGACCATG GACAAACACTGTGCCCTCCTC。
2.如权利要求1所述的引物,其特征在于,还包括检测TREX1基因的测序引物,其碱基序列为:
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
3.检测TREX1基因突变情况的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)抽提血液中的组织DNA;
(2)对步骤(1)中提取的DNA进行PCR扩增,获得扩增引物;其中PCR扩增引物的碱基序列为:
TREX1-1F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT GGGAACGGATGGTGGTGA
TREX1-1R:AACAGCTATGACCATG AGGGTGAGGTGGTTTCCTTAG
TREX1-2F1:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT TCGCAGACAGGGCAGGATTG
TREX1-2R1:AACAGCTATGACCATG CACTGGTGAGGCCCAGCATAG
TREX1-2F2:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT CCAACCTGCTCCTAGCCTTCC
TREX1-2R2:AACAGCTATGACCATG GACAAACACTGTGCCCTCCTC;
(3)利用一对测序引物对步骤(2)中的扩增产物进行测序,所述一对测序引物的碱基序列为:
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG;
(4)对测序结果进行判断,确定TREX1基因是否发生突变。
4.检测TREX1基因突变位点的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒包括:
(i)血液DNA抽提试剂;
(ii)检测体系PCR扩增反应液;包括扩增TREX1基因的引物,其碱基序列为:
TREX1-1F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT GGGAACGGATGGTGGTGA
TREX1-1R:AACAGCTATGACCATG AGGGTGAGGTGGTTTCCTTAG
TREX1-2F1:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT TCGCAGACAGGGCAGGATTG
TREX1-2R1:AACAGCTATGACCATG CACTGGTGAGGCCCAGCATAG
TREX1-2F2:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT CCAACCTGCTCCTAGCCTTCC
TREX1-2R2:AACAGCTATGACCATG GACAAACACTGTGCCCTCCTC;
(iii)测序体系试剂;包括检测TREX1基因的测序引物,其碱基序列为:
M13F:TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT
M13R:AACAGCTATGACCATG。
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